Analysis of migration processes in the Arkhangelsk region indicates that the demographic, social, and ethnic status of refugees and forced immigrants to the North is extremely unfavorable for adaptation. This group is to be regularly followed up by physicians, so that the whole armory of immunocorrecting drugs, vitamins, and general tonics of animal and plant origin be used for facilitating adaptation.
Correlations between neonatal mortality coefficient and a group of socioeconomic and ecological parameters are analyzed for some economic regions and districts of Russia. At the level of regions, the strongest correlations were observed between birth rates, maternal mortality, subsistence minimum, level of education, incidence of narcomania and toxicomania (including that among adolescents), release of hard harmful substances in the atmosphere and of chlorine and sulfates in surface water bodies (r = 0.4-0.8). Multifactorial model was derived by the step regression method. This model can be used for predicting the level of neonatal mortality in the nearest 5.6 years on the basis of the negative or positive shifts in the socioeconomic status of Russia. In addition, several unifactorial exponential models at a district level were obtained, reflecting the relationship between neonatal mortality and birth rates, unemployment and incidence of narcomania and toxicomania.
Ten statistically significant factors of risk of frequent diseases of children have been distinguished; four of them directly reflect medical activity of parents: late application for medical care when a child falls ill, neglect of prophylactic visits to doctors, neglect of child's health fortification, and refusal to take a sick leave when the child is ill. Poor medical activity of families as far as it concerns the upbringing of a healthy child results in a higher insurance risk, which should be taken into consideration when developing legal and economic aspects of medical insurance.
Concept on the formation of the design and norm-setting basis of medical service has been developed in order to improve planning and balance between the scope of rendered services and their financial provision.
The purpose, principles, and tasks of state social policy concerning the protection of health and rights of children are discussed with due consideration for the international and Russian legislation. The results of sociological study of heads of pediatric institutions are analyzed within the framework of the draft law "On Patient's Rights". Proposals on the introduction of an intersectoral approach to solution of problems of childhood are validated. The society and population at large should take an active part in this process. Suggestions on improving the social and legal activity of primary health care system are offered.
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