Pub Date : 2021-02-01DOI: 10.36295/ASRO.2021.24233
A. M. AL-Mayali, Ali Hadi Fahad, Akram S. Alyessary, Ali Mohammad Ali Aljafery
The aim of this study was to explore the effect of permanent teeth hypodontia prevalence and distribution in Iraqi orthodontic patient and to compare the finding with other previousstudies.A digital panoramic radiograph of 2500 orthodontic patients for 2 years (2018-2019) were used in this study to diagnose 84 hypodontia25 malesand59 females. Whole permanent teeth were included except 3 rd molar.Statistics analysis was done by using SPSS.The hypodontia prevalence in a group of Iraqi orthodontic patients was3.36 %. The most often missing tooth was the maxillary lateral incisors andto a less degree the mandibular second premolars then the least was the maxillary first premolars andmaxillary canine. Most of the cases had hypodontia of two teeth followed by one tooth missing and the hypodontia in females more than in males. In conclusion, the hypodontia prevalence in a group of Iraqi orthodontic patients was3.36 % and was within the average rate of most studies were published. Hypodontia was significantly more common in females rather than in males. Most of patient show missing one or two teeth.The maxillary lateral incisors found to be the most frequently missing teeth, the mandibular second premolar were pursuing the second missing tooth followed by maxillary second premolar. The early detection of hypodontia is very important to understand of their etiology and to offer preventive modality of management.
{"title":"Hypodontia prevalence with distribution pattern of orthodontic patients in middle Euphrates, Iraq","authors":"A. M. AL-Mayali, Ali Hadi Fahad, Akram S. Alyessary, Ali Mohammad Ali Aljafery","doi":"10.36295/ASRO.2021.24233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36295/ASRO.2021.24233","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to explore the effect of permanent teeth hypodontia prevalence and distribution in Iraqi orthodontic patient and to compare the finding with other previousstudies.A digital panoramic radiograph of 2500 orthodontic patients for 2 years (2018-2019) were used in this study to diagnose 84 hypodontia25 malesand59 females. Whole permanent teeth were included except 3 rd molar.Statistics analysis was done by using SPSS.The hypodontia prevalence in a group of Iraqi orthodontic patients was3.36 %. The most often missing tooth was the maxillary lateral incisors andto a less degree the mandibular second premolars then the least was the maxillary first premolars andmaxillary canine. Most of the cases had hypodontia of two teeth followed by one tooth missing and the hypodontia in females more than in males. In conclusion, the hypodontia prevalence in a group of Iraqi orthodontic patients was3.36 % and was within the average rate of most studies were published. Hypodontia was significantly more common in females rather than in males. Most of patient show missing one or two teeth.The maxillary lateral incisors found to be the most frequently missing teeth, the mandibular second premolar were pursuing the second missing tooth followed by maxillary second premolar. The early detection of hypodontia is very important to understand of their etiology and to offer preventive modality of management.","PeriodicalId":7958,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Tropical Medicine and Public Health","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82967866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-01DOI: 10.36295/ASRO.2021.24329
Kusnandar, G. F. Friskawati, icki Ahmad Kharisman, D. Budi
Introduction: Physical activity during the Covid 19 pandemic is essential for primary school students to maintain their physical and mental health. Objective: The purpose of this study was to reveal the physical activity carried out by elementary school students in the upper class with an age range of 10-12 years while staying at home during the Covid 19 pandemic. Method: The research using survey method A total of 122 elementary school students participating, the sampling used was convenience sampling. They have wholeheartedly willing to be involved in this research. Modifiable Activity Questionnaire (MAQ), modified back with the Guttman scale, was used as an instrument in this study. The distribution of the questionnaire using google form assistance started from August to September 2020. The data analysis used was descriptive statistics with a simple percentage distribution. Results: The results showed that male students' activity level was at a moderate activity level, while female students were at a low activity level. This difference occurs because the habits of physical activity and motivation to move are diverse in gender. Supervision from physical education teachers and parents is needed to supervise the physical activities of elementary school students, especially women, while at home during the Covid 19 pandemic.
{"title":"Elementary Student’s Physical Activity during Pandemic Covid 19","authors":"Kusnandar, G. F. Friskawati, icki Ahmad Kharisman, D. Budi","doi":"10.36295/ASRO.2021.24329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36295/ASRO.2021.24329","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Physical activity during the Covid 19 pandemic is essential for primary school students to maintain their physical and mental health. Objective: The purpose of this study was to reveal the physical activity carried out by elementary school students in the upper class with an age range of 10-12 years while staying at home during the Covid 19 pandemic. Method: The research using survey method A total of 122 elementary school students participating, the sampling used was convenience sampling. They have wholeheartedly willing to be involved in this research. Modifiable Activity Questionnaire (MAQ), modified back with the Guttman scale, was used as an instrument in this study. The distribution of the questionnaire using google form assistance started from August to September 2020. The data analysis used was descriptive statistics with a simple percentage distribution. Results: The results showed that male students' activity level was at a moderate activity level, while female students were at a low activity level. This difference occurs because the habits of physical activity and motivation to move are diverse in gender. Supervision from physical education teachers and parents is needed to supervise the physical activities of elementary school students, especially women, while at home during the Covid 19 pandemic.","PeriodicalId":7958,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Tropical Medicine and Public Health","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86108587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-01DOI: 10.36295/ASRO.2021.24231
W. Jasim
Global warming is a changing in climate which observed by rising the temperature of earth climate system. The climate changes are quietly related to global warming and both of them are represented the first necessary global health problem in the recent decade. The study was done to assess the academic university staff knowledge and attitude regarding effect of Global warming on human health and productivity. A descriptive crosssectional study was conducted on scientific departments in KirkukTechnical Institute from the period of 1 st April 2016 till the end of June 2016 and (140) university staff were conducted (60 from the technical depts., 50 from administrative depts., and the remaining 30 staff from health depts. ) .A special designed questionnaire form was distributed to them after receiving their written consent and the data was collected by direct interviewing with them .The study show that 64.3% of study teachers agreed with the main causes of global atmosphere was due to much smoke from exhaust pipe of cars leading to environmental pollution and more than half of them considered the main adverse effects of global warming is the easily spreading of the diseases. Teachers attitude regarding global warming definition was above cutoff point(2.1) and low regarding factors contributing to global warming and health effects (1.7, 1.9) respectively. Further advanced educational program is needed to increase public awareness
{"title":"Assessment knowledge and attitude of academic university staff regarding health effect of global warming","authors":"W. Jasim","doi":"10.36295/ASRO.2021.24231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36295/ASRO.2021.24231","url":null,"abstract":"Global warming is a changing in climate which observed by rising the temperature of earth climate system. The climate changes are quietly related to global warming and both of them are represented the first necessary global health problem in the recent decade. The study was done to assess the academic university staff knowledge and attitude regarding effect of Global warming on human health and productivity. A descriptive crosssectional study was conducted on scientific departments in KirkukTechnical Institute from the period of 1 st April 2016 till the end of June 2016 and (140) university staff were conducted (60 from the technical depts., 50 from administrative depts., and the remaining 30 staff from health depts. ) .A special designed questionnaire form was distributed to them after receiving their written consent and the data was collected by direct interviewing with them .The study show that 64.3% of study teachers agreed with the main causes of global atmosphere was due to much smoke from exhaust pipe of cars leading to environmental pollution and more than half of them considered the main adverse effects of global warming is the easily spreading of the diseases. Teachers attitude regarding global warming definition was above cutoff point(2.1) and low regarding factors contributing to global warming and health effects (1.7, 1.9) respectively. Further advanced educational program is needed to increase public awareness","PeriodicalId":7958,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Tropical Medicine and Public Health","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77798315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-01DOI: 10.36295/ASRO.2021.24324
Dyah Wiji Puspita Sari, Elvi Khofshoh, M. Abdurrouf
Introduction: Indonesia is ranked 5th in the world with a stunting prevalence of 37%. One of the prevention efforts can be through the active role of the community including posyandu health cadres who are equipped with training on stunting, so as to form an adequate work motivation of posyandu health cadres. This study aimed to identify the effect of training on stunting prevention on the work motivation of stunting health care workers in Karangroto District. Methods: This research was a true experimental design in the Semarang District Area, Province of Central Java, Indonesia. The number of samples 32 respondents with a total sampling method. It included 32 health cadres at the Manggis and Durian Posyandu who have registered in the Anti-Stunting Healthy Home service. Data were collected with questionnaire. Analyzed data used wilcoxon test and Mann whiteney test Results: This study found that Characteristics of respondents mostly at the high school level of education (40.6%), not working (96.9%), the average age of 47.16 years, and the average length of time for cadres had 11.44 years of work. Mann Whiteney test results showed a p value of 0,000. Conclusions: There was an influence between training on stunting prevention on the work motivation of health care cadres caring for stunting in Posyandu Manggis and Durian Kelurahan Karangroto. Recommendations: This research was expected to increase the work motivation of health cadres to monitor stunting in their area.
{"title":"The Effect of Training Stunting Prevention on the Work Motivation of Health Cadres Caring about Stunting in Karangroto Village, Semarang City, Central Java, Indonesia","authors":"Dyah Wiji Puspita Sari, Elvi Khofshoh, M. Abdurrouf","doi":"10.36295/ASRO.2021.24324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36295/ASRO.2021.24324","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Indonesia is ranked 5th in the world with a stunting prevalence of 37%. One of the prevention efforts can be through the active role of the community including posyandu health cadres who are equipped with training on stunting, so as to form an adequate work motivation of posyandu health cadres. This study aimed to identify the effect of training on stunting prevention on the work motivation of stunting health care workers in Karangroto District. Methods: This research was a true experimental design in the Semarang District Area, Province of Central Java, Indonesia. The number of samples 32 respondents with a total sampling method. It included 32 health cadres at the Manggis and Durian Posyandu who have registered in the Anti-Stunting Healthy Home service. Data were collected with questionnaire. Analyzed data used wilcoxon test and Mann whiteney test Results: This study found that Characteristics of respondents mostly at the high school level of education (40.6%), not working (96.9%), the average age of 47.16 years, and the average length of time for cadres had 11.44 years of work. Mann Whiteney test results showed a p value of 0,000. Conclusions: There was an influence between training on stunting prevention on the work motivation of health care cadres caring for stunting in Posyandu Manggis and Durian Kelurahan Karangroto. Recommendations: This research was expected to increase the work motivation of health cadres to monitor stunting in their area.","PeriodicalId":7958,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Tropical Medicine and Public Health","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78118526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-01DOI: 10.36295/ASRO.2021.24201
E. Allah, S. Hussein, H. Abdel-Aziz
Oral health is essential part of older people's physical health and wellness. Compromised oral health may have a detrimental effect on food consumption, contributing to dietary degradation. Aim: to assess the effect of oral health on nutritional status of older adults. Design: Cross-Sectional design was used. Setting: The present study was done at ElAwasja Village, Hehia district, Sharkia Governorate. The study sample included 190 older adults selected by multistage cluster sampling technique. Three tools of data collection: I) A structured interview questionnaire. II) Oral Health Assessment Tool for Non-Dental Professionals. III) An Arabic version of the Mini-Nutritional Assessment. Results: Among 190 older adults, 63.2% of them had poor oral health, 56.8% were at risk for malnutrition and 19.5% were malnourished. Also, the study revealed a highly significant negative correlation between total oral health score of the studied elderly and their total nutritional status score (r = -0.404). Conclusions: More than two thirds of the studied elderly had poor oral health status, more than half of them were at risk of malnutrition, while, more than one fifth of them were malnourished. Older adults' oral health was significantly associated with their nutritional status. Recommendation: The study findings recommend the importance of regular oral health assessment and oral health care for rural older people to reduce their risk of malnutrition.
{"title":"Effect of Oral Health on Nutritional Status of Older Adults in a Rural Area","authors":"E. Allah, S. Hussein, H. Abdel-Aziz","doi":"10.36295/ASRO.2021.24201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36295/ASRO.2021.24201","url":null,"abstract":"Oral health is essential part of older people's physical health and wellness. Compromised oral health may have a detrimental effect on food consumption, contributing to dietary degradation. Aim: to assess the effect of oral health on nutritional status of older adults. Design: Cross-Sectional design was used. Setting: The present study was done at ElAwasja Village, Hehia district, Sharkia Governorate. The study sample included 190 older adults selected by multistage cluster sampling technique. Three tools of data collection: I) A structured interview questionnaire. II) Oral Health Assessment Tool for Non-Dental Professionals. III) An Arabic version of the Mini-Nutritional Assessment. Results: Among 190 older adults, 63.2% of them had poor oral health, 56.8% were at risk for malnutrition and 19.5% were malnourished. Also, the study revealed a highly significant negative correlation between total oral health score of the studied elderly and their total nutritional status score (r = -0.404). Conclusions: More than two thirds of the studied elderly had poor oral health status, more than half of them were at risk of malnutrition, while, more than one fifth of them were malnourished. Older adults' oral health was significantly associated with their nutritional status. Recommendation: The study findings recommend the importance of regular oral health assessment and oral health care for rural older people to reduce their risk of malnutrition.","PeriodicalId":7958,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Tropical Medicine and Public Health","volume":"106 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76136796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-01DOI: 10.36295/ASRO.2021.24326
Fitri Fujiana, Erni Setiyowati
Objectives: During the teenager stage of a female child, reproductive organs are not yet properly developed. However, some emotional development begins to occur, which could cause diverse experiences when carry ing out roles as a wife and becoming a mother. Although the minimum age for marriage in Indonesia is 16 years for women and 19 years for men, the pract ice of underage marriage, which has a variety of adverse effects, is still prevalent, especially among female teenagers. Methods: This study uses a qualitative method, with a descriptive phenomenological approach, that focuses on exp loring the experiences of female teenagers that engage in early marriage. Data collect ion was carried out through in-depth interviews and field observations. Participants in this study were 10 female teenagers who live in West Kalimantan. Data was analyzed using the thematic content analysis while following the Moustakas approach. Results: This study found three themes, namely; some female teenagers engage in early marriages because they were born out of wedlock or dropped out of school, female teenagers decide to get married of their own volition, and female teenagers experience unpleasant treatment when they engage in early marriage. Conclusions: Female teenagers have different experiences during marriage. Many negative impacts experienced by them. Cross -sectoral cooperation is needed to prevent adolescent marriages
{"title":"The Experiences of Female Teenagers in Early Marriage: A Phenomenological Study","authors":"Fitri Fujiana, Erni Setiyowati","doi":"10.36295/ASRO.2021.24326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36295/ASRO.2021.24326","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: During the teenager stage of a female child, reproductive organs are not yet properly developed. However, some emotional development begins to occur, which could cause diverse experiences when carry ing out roles as a wife and becoming a mother. Although the minimum age for marriage in Indonesia is 16 years for women and 19 years for men, the pract ice of underage marriage, which has a variety of adverse effects, is still prevalent, especially among female teenagers. Methods: This study uses a qualitative method, with a descriptive phenomenological approach, that focuses on exp loring the experiences of female teenagers that engage in early marriage. Data collect ion was carried out through in-depth interviews and field observations. Participants in this study were 10 female teenagers who live in West Kalimantan. Data was analyzed using the thematic content analysis while following the Moustakas approach. Results: This study found three themes, namely; some female teenagers engage in early marriages because they were born out of wedlock or dropped out of school, female teenagers decide to get married of their own volition, and female teenagers experience unpleasant treatment when they engage in early marriage. Conclusions: Female teenagers have different experiences during marriage. Many negative impacts experienced by them. Cross -sectoral cooperation is needed to prevent adolescent marriages","PeriodicalId":7958,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Tropical Medicine and Public Health","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73992240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-01DOI: 10.36295/ASRO.2021.24230
B. Hassan, Abbas Jaafar Khaleel Al-Anbari, M. Khalil
Background: The patency of arteriovenous fistulas′′(AVF)′′ has a close relationship with ′′long-term life′′ in patients who suffer from end-stage renal disease ′′(ESRD)′′ after dialysis. This patency is affected by associated diseases such as hepatitis C virus and its complications by increasing the risk of cardiovascular complication and mortality rate, given that the anti-HCV seropositivity occurrence in chronic kidney disease ′′(CKD)′′patientswho regularly dialysis varieties between′′ 7 to 40%′′ including Iraqi patients.
{"title":"Risk of HCV on the Hemostasis of created AVF in ESRD patients","authors":"B. Hassan, Abbas Jaafar Khaleel Al-Anbari, M. Khalil","doi":"10.36295/ASRO.2021.24230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36295/ASRO.2021.24230","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The patency of arteriovenous fistulas′′(AVF)′′ has a close relationship with ′′long-term life′′ in patients who suffer from end-stage renal disease ′′(ESRD)′′ after dialysis. This patency is affected by associated diseases such as hepatitis C virus and its complications by increasing the risk of cardiovascular complication and mortality rate, given that the anti-HCV seropositivity occurrence in chronic kidney disease ′′(CKD)′′patientswho regularly dialysis varieties between′′ 7 to 40%′′ including Iraqi patients.","PeriodicalId":7958,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Tropical Medicine and Public Health","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86209512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-01DOI: 10.36295/ASRO.2021.24349
S. Purnama, Waluyo, M. N. H. Kusuma, Haris Nugroho
Introduction: Cardiovascular endurance (CE) is one of the main bio-motor components that must be possessed by athletes to be able to support physical performance. In addition to being able to engage in physical activity for long periods, cardiovascular endurance is also needed to help and speed up the reversibility process of physical fatigue after exercising. The profile related to the athlete's endurance is very necessary to be held, which can be used for the process of monitoring and evaluating the effectiveness of the training program that has been given. Objective: This study aimed to determine the profile of cardiovascular endurance for male jun ior athletes of Track and Field (TF), Taekwondo (TK), Karate (KT), and SepakTakraw (ST). Methods: The method of study was a quantitative descriptive with a cross-sectional approach. A total sampling method was implemented to 60 athletes including 14 athletes ages 14-17 years old for TF, 20 samples of TK, 15 athletes of KT, and 11 athletes of ST who were prepared for Nat ional School Games. The test instrument for cardiovascular endurance used was a mult istage fitness test (MFT), with quantitative descriptive data analysis in percentages. Results: The results showed that athletes of track and field (TF) had an average value of VO2Max ranging from 35.0-38.3 ml/kg/minute, meanwhile fo r Karate (KT) had an average value of 33.2 36.5 ml/kg/minute. On the other side, athletes of Taekwondo (TK) have average cardiovascular endurance values ranging from 34.137.7ml/kg/minute and athletes of SepakTakraw (ST) have average endurance values ranging from 29.7-31.3 ml/kg/minute. Conclusions:The cardiovascular endurance profiles for Track and Field generally have good level categories, and so does for Taekwondo where in general also have good categories. Meanwhile, the profile of cardiovascular endurance for Karate state in an average category, on the other side SepakTakraw as generally has in a less category.
{"title":"Profile of Maximum Oxygen Uptake of Male Youth Athletes","authors":"S. Purnama, Waluyo, M. N. H. Kusuma, Haris Nugroho","doi":"10.36295/ASRO.2021.24349","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36295/ASRO.2021.24349","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Cardiovascular endurance (CE) is one of the main bio-motor components that must be possessed by athletes to be able to support physical performance. In addition to being able to engage in physical activity for long periods, cardiovascular endurance is also needed to help and speed up the reversibility process of physical fatigue after exercising. The profile related to the athlete's endurance is very necessary to be held, which can be used for the process of monitoring and evaluating the effectiveness of the training program that has been given. Objective: This study aimed to determine the profile of cardiovascular endurance for male jun ior athletes of Track and Field (TF), Taekwondo (TK), Karate (KT), and SepakTakraw (ST). Methods: The method of study was a quantitative descriptive with a cross-sectional approach. A total sampling method was implemented to 60 athletes including 14 athletes ages 14-17 years old for TF, 20 samples of TK, 15 athletes of KT, and 11 athletes of ST who were prepared for Nat ional School Games. The test instrument for cardiovascular endurance used was a mult istage fitness test (MFT), with quantitative descriptive data analysis in percentages. Results: The results showed that athletes of track and field (TF) had an average value of VO2Max ranging from 35.0-38.3 ml/kg/minute, meanwhile fo r Karate (KT) had an average value of 33.2 36.5 ml/kg/minute. On the other side, athletes of Taekwondo (TK) have average cardiovascular endurance values ranging from 34.137.7ml/kg/minute and athletes of SepakTakraw (ST) have average endurance values ranging from 29.7-31.3 ml/kg/minute. Conclusions:The cardiovascular endurance profiles for Track and Field generally have good level categories, and so does for Taekwondo where in general also have good categories. Meanwhile, the profile of cardiovascular endurance for Karate state in an average category, on the other side SepakTakraw as generally has in a less category.","PeriodicalId":7958,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Tropical Medicine and Public Health","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91054346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-01DOI: 10.36295/ASRO.2021.24228
K. S. Merzah, Qutaiba Samir Sabee
Background:Laboratory results are of great importance for the accuracy of the diagnosis and the laboratory environment directly affects the accuracy of the results.The blood test is one of the most important diagnostic methods that assess the health of patients and healthy people. Objectives:study the effect of several time intervals and different low temperatures of samples storage on serum glucose, urea, Na +, and K + concentration and to study the osmolarity at the same conditions. Methods: 20 blood samples were obtained from 20 persons,centrifuged and divide into 3 parts. The first part was analyzed, and the second part was respectively stored for 3, 6 and 9 weeks in the refrigerator. The third part was kept in a deepfreeze and stored for 3,6 and 9 weeks.The samples were kept in different temperature conditions for 9 weeks, and then the stability of some biochemical variables was studied. Results:The results indicated that there are important changes. Serum glucose samples show a significant increase in glucose level after 6 and 9 weeks in refrigerator and freezing. Significant decrease in urea level after 9 weeks storage in refrigerator and freezing. A non-significant increase in sodium level after storage in refrigerator and freezing during all periods. Significantly increased in Potassium level after 3,6 and 9 weeks storage in refrigerator and freezing. The mean glucose level was increased significantly (P<0.05) throughout the study. On the other hand, the analysis showed that the mean urea level was decreased significantly (P<0.05) at the same conditions.Sodium has risen from a level of 159.95 ± 4.21to a level of 195.84 ± 6.57 in case of refrigerating and have risen from a level of 159.95 ± 4.21to a level of 184.20 ± 4.94 in case of freezing. As for the potassium concentration, it recorded an average increase from a level of 3.72 ± 0.18 to a level of 7.62 ± 0.29 in case of refrigerating and has risen from a level of 3.72 ± 0.18 to a level of 5.43 ± 0.11in case of freezing.The results showed thata nonsignificant increase in osmolarity level after storage in the refrigerator and freezing in comparison to the initial time.The results show a highly significant correlation between six parameters, a significant correlation between two parameters and a nonsignificant correlation between two parameters as shown in result tables. The importance of this study lies in explaining the laboratory results of samples that are stored before testing for certain periods and under low temperatures. Merzah et al (2021):Storage time and temperatures on stability of some biochemical variables in serum Feb 2021 Vol. 24 Issue 2 http://doi.org/10.36295/ASRO.2021.24228 Health Medicine & Public Annals of Tropical Conclusion: The conclusion from this study is analyzing the levels of glucose, urea, sodium, and potassium in addition to the osmolarity, that keeping serum samples under low-temperature conditions such as a refrigerator or freezer will lead to a variation
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Pub Date : 2021-02-01DOI: 10.36295/ASRO.2021.24345
N. Khasanah, Arlina Nurhapsari, Iskim Luthfa
Objectives: To differentiate between the control and treatment groups. Structured-health education by peer educators was given to the treatment group. In contrast, health education in unstructured way was given to the control group. Methods: A quantitative research using a pre-experimental intact group comparison design. Dental and oral hygiene observation used the OHI-S index that was checked by dentists. A dental check up was carried out on children who had mixed teeth (baby milk and permanent teeth), which was done by checking the incisors and molars 1 tooth. A consecutive sampling technique was used to collect the 40 respondents for each group. Students who were chosen as peer educators received training about the right time and correct way to brush tee th by pediatric nurse specialists using demonstration media and a module. Moreover, they received spiritual training regarding thaharah from local Ustad. Results: The median score on the OHI-S index for the treatment group was 0.9964 (good hygiene) with a range of 0.8372–1.1555 with a 95% confidence interval (CI). The analysing result of the OHI-S difference used the MannWhitney test with the p-value of 0.000 (<0.001). Conclusions: There is a significant difference on the OHI-S index between the treatment and control group after intervention. The peer educator with structured health-education approach is a good combination, which provides a suitable alternative way of improving the knowledge of school age children and creating a situation of mutual support among them in order to maintain good dental and oral hygiene.
{"title":"A Preliminary Study of Structured Health Education Programmed by Peer Educators as an Alternative Way to Maintain The Dental and Oral Hygiene of School Age Children","authors":"N. Khasanah, Arlina Nurhapsari, Iskim Luthfa","doi":"10.36295/ASRO.2021.24345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36295/ASRO.2021.24345","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To differentiate between the control and treatment groups. Structured-health education by peer educators was given to the treatment group. In contrast, health education in unstructured way was given to the control group. Methods: A quantitative research using a pre-experimental intact group comparison design. Dental and oral hygiene observation used the OHI-S index that was checked by dentists. A dental check up was carried out on children who had mixed teeth (baby milk and permanent teeth), which was done by checking the incisors and molars 1 tooth. A consecutive sampling technique was used to collect the 40 respondents for each group. Students who were chosen as peer educators received training about the right time and correct way to brush tee th by pediatric nurse specialists using demonstration media and a module. Moreover, they received spiritual training regarding thaharah from local Ustad. Results: The median score on the OHI-S index for the treatment group was 0.9964 (good hygiene) with a range of 0.8372–1.1555 with a 95% confidence interval (CI). The analysing result of the OHI-S difference used the MannWhitney test with the p-value of 0.000 (<0.001). Conclusions: There is a significant difference on the OHI-S index between the treatment and control group after intervention. The peer educator with structured health-education approach is a good combination, which provides a suitable alternative way of improving the knowledge of school age children and creating a situation of mutual support among them in order to maintain good dental and oral hygiene.","PeriodicalId":7958,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Tropical Medicine and Public Health","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83563440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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