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Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.1017/S0001972023000049
E. Keunen
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引用次数: 0
Urban fractures: mobility, risk and the accidenté in Kikwit, Democratic Republic of Congo 城市裂缝:在刚果民主共和国基奎特的流动性、风险和事故
Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.1017/S0001972023000165
Trisha M. Phippard
Abstract Changing practices of motorized mobility in Kikwit, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) have given rise to what residents call the ‘accidenté’: a victim of a traffic accident, often involving the city’s increasingly ubiquitous motorcycles. This article explores the significance of the accidenté in Kikwit’s social universe and considers how everyday urban mobilities are imbued with a sense of bodily exposure, risk and the threat of broken bones, so much so that ‘fracture’ has come to be seen as an urban condition. This entanglement of perceptions of mobility, risk, fracture and urbanity represents both a particular spatialization of risk in relation to city life and a critique of how corporeal vulnerability is tied into other vulnerabilities in the daily lives of urbanites. By analysing how one can become an accidenté and what trajectories of care transpire after the moment of injury, this article reveals how this new patient subjectivity necessitates a confrontation with potentially enduring motility limitations and risky navigations of the city long after the accident.
刚果民主共和国(DRC)基奎特(Kikwit)机动化出行方式的改变导致了居民所谓的“事故受害者”:交通事故的受害者,通常涉及城市日益普及的摩托车。这篇文章探讨了事故在Kikwit的社会世界中的重要性,并考虑了日常的城市交通如何充满了身体暴露、风险和骨折的威胁,以至于“骨折”已经被视为一种城市状况。这种对流动性、风险、断裂和都市化的感知的纠缠既代表了与城市生活相关的风险的特定空间化,也代表了对城市居民日常生活中身体脆弱性如何与其他脆弱性联系在一起的批评。通过分析一个人如何成为事故受害者,以及受伤后护理的轨迹,本文揭示了这种新的患者主体性如何需要在事故发生后很长一段时间内与潜在的持久运动限制和城市危险导航进行对抗。
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引用次数: 0
The New Communist Third World 新共产主义第三世界
C. Clapham, P. Wiles
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引用次数: 9
The social contract and industrial citizenship: Nigerian trade unions’ role in the recurring fuel subsidy protests 社会契约和工业公民:尼日利亚工会在反复发生的燃料补贴抗议活动中的作用
Pub Date : 2022-11-01 DOI: 10.1017/S0001972022000523
Camilla Houeland
Abstract This article brings new perspectives on state–citizen relations in African petro-states by analysing the role of Nigerian trade unions in the recurring fuel subsidy protests. Nigerian trade unions have played an instrumental role in protests against fuel subsidy removals since the mid-1980s, most recently in the massive 2012 protest known as ‘Occupy Nigeria’. Based on the idea that the fuel subsidy forms part of a social contract in Nigeria, and through revisiting T. H. Marshall’s seminal work on citizenship and industrial citizenship, I propose that the protests are sites for popular assertions of broader citizenship, as people rally behind the fuel subsidy as a social right and affirm political rights to participate and civil rights to bargain. This article further argues that the trade unions act as a mediator between state and citizens – that is, embedded in their industrial citizenship with collective forms of representation, organizing and bargaining. In this way, Nigerian trade unions have kept their relevance for workers and beyond, despite eroded labour rights. However, this social contract is fragile, contextual and contradictory, and the mediating role of the unions carries challenges and ambiguities, which became particularly clear in the 2012 protest.
摘要本文通过分析尼日利亚工会在反复发生的燃料补贴抗议活动中的作用,为非洲石油国家的国家-公民关系带来了新的视角。自20世纪80年代中期以来,尼日利亚工会在反对取消燃料补贴的抗议活动中发挥了重要作用,最近一次是2012年被称为“占领尼日利亚”的大规模抗议活动。基于燃料补贴是尼日利亚社会契约的一部分这一观点,并通过回顾t.h.马歇尔关于公民身份和工业公民身份的开创性工作,我提出抗议活动是广泛的公民身份主张的场所,因为人们团结起来支持燃料补贴作为一项社会权利,并肯定参与的政治权利和讨价还价的公民权利。本文进一步论证了工会作为国家和公民之间的调解人——也就是说,工会以集体形式的代表、组织和谈判嵌入其工业公民身份。通过这种方式,尽管劳工权利受到侵蚀,尼日利亚工会仍与工人及其他人保持着联系。然而,这种社会契约是脆弱的、有背景的和矛盾的,工会的调解作用带来了挑战和模糊性,这在2012年的抗议活动中变得尤为明显。
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引用次数: 1
A history of ‘Yan haƙiƙa, a revisionist Islamic group in northern Nigeria 尼日利亚北部的一个修正主义伊斯兰组织' Yan haƙiƙa的历史
Pub Date : 2022-11-01 DOI: 10.1017/S0001972022000626
K. Isa
Abstract ‘Yan haƙiƙa are a Sufi group that has come to prominence in the second decade of the twenty-first century in northern Nigeria, with a significant following in Kano. Although members of the group perceive themselves to be bona fide followers of the path of Shaykh Ibrahim Niasse (Senegalese Islamic scholar and founder of Tijaniyya-Ibrahimiyya), they are considered by Sunni Muslims (both Salafis and Sufis) as a heretical faction. The basic ideology of this group is that Niasse Allah ne (Niasse is God); they also apotheosize their members. Their ideology stems from the concepts of Wahadat al-Wujud (oneness of being and unity of existence) and Tarbiyya (spiritual training), which is a method used by Sufi shaykhs to guide their disciples on the mystical journey to direct experiences of the Divine Essence – a method popularized by Tijaniyya-Ibrahimiyya. Initially, the group operated clandestinely, but in recent years its members have attracted public attention through Mawlid Baaye (celebrating the birthday of Niasse). During the celebration, they shower praises on Niasse and rank him above the Prophet Muhammad. Their comments generate violent reactions from Salafi and Sufi communities. While Salafis consider the creed of ‘Yan haƙiƙa as typical Sufi heresy, the Sufis not only disown them but also question their ‘Muslimness’. The emergence of ‘Yan haƙiƙa has changed the contours and composition of Tijaniyya in Kano because its defining ideology of deifying Niasse and its members contradict the teaching and doctrine of the mainstream Tijaniyya. This article unpacks the place of ‘Yan haƙiƙa in the highly contested and tense religious geography of Kano, exploring how its emergence complicates the category of ‘Muslim’ within mainstream Sunni Islam.
Yan haƙiƙa是一个苏菲派团体,在21世纪的第二个十年在尼日利亚北部崭露头角,在卡诺有很多追随者。虽然该组织的成员认为自己是Shaykh Ibrahim Niasse(塞内加尔伊斯兰学者,Tijaniyya-Ibrahimiyya的创始人)道路的忠实追随者,但他们被逊尼派穆斯林(萨拉菲派和苏菲派)视为异端派别。这个团体的基本意识形态是Niasse Allah ne (Niasse是上帝);他们也崇拜他们的成员。他们的意识形态源于wahaat al-Wujud(存在的统一性和存在的统一性)和Tarbiyya(精神训练)的概念,Tarbiyya是苏菲派谢赫用来指导他们的门徒进行直接体验神圣本质的神秘之旅的一种方法——Tijaniyya-Ibrahimiyya推广的一种方法。最初,该组织秘密运作,但近年来,其成员通过Mawlid Baaye(庆祝Niasse的生日)吸引了公众的注意。在庆祝活动中,他们对尼亚斯赞不绝口,并将他置于先知穆罕默德之上。他们的评论引起了萨拉菲派和苏菲派社区的激烈反应。虽然萨拉菲派认为“Yan haƙiƙa”的信条是典型的苏菲异端,但苏菲派不仅与他们断绝关系,还质疑他们的“穆斯林性”。' Yan haƙiƙa的出现改变了卡诺的Tijaniyya的轮廓和构成,因为它的神化Niasse及其成员的定义意识形态与主流Tijaniyya的教学和教义相矛盾。这篇文章揭示了' Yan haƙiƙa在卡诺高度争议和紧张的宗教地理中的地位,探讨了它的出现如何使主流逊尼派伊斯兰教中的'穆斯林'类别复杂化。
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引用次数: 0
Sean Jacobs, Media in Postapartheid South Africa: postcolonial politics in the age of globalization. Johannesburg: Wits University Press (pb ZAR 300 – 978 1 7761 4489 1). 2019, ix + 191 pp. 后种族隔离时代的南非媒体:全球化时代的后殖民政治。约翰内斯堡:Wits大学出版社(pb ZAR 300 - 978 1 7761 4489 1). 2019, ix + 191页。
Pub Date : 2022-11-01 DOI: 10.1017/S0001972022000535
Scott Timcke
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引用次数: 0
The Muslim Students’ Society of Nigeria (MSSN) since 1954: education, Muslim–Christian encounters and regional variation 1954年以来的尼日利亚穆斯林学生协会(msn):教育、穆斯林与基督徒的相遇和地区差异
Pub Date : 2022-11-01 DOI: 10.1017/S0001972022000596
Adeyemi Balogun
Abstract The Muslim Students’ Society of Nigeria (MSSN) is a movement that promotes the Islamic identity of Muslims in Nigeria’s educational institutions. Despite promoting the same objectives around the country, a comparison of the MSSN’s activities between the northern and southern regions of Nigeria suggests that the success of the movement varies in many aspects. This is because there are two main types of regional variation relating to the MSSN: the success of Christian opposition to the MSSN’s objectives; and the attitude of many Muslims and the government to those objectives. For example, in the Muslim-dominated northern states, the call by the MSSN to let Muslim girls wear the hijab in schools and the MSSN’s support for the reintroduction of sharia were welcomed by the state governors. However, in the south-west region, where the populations of Muslims and Christians are roughly equal, the MSSN struggled to get the state governors to accept the hijab and the call for sharia was rejected. This article thus argues that, despite envisioning the same notion of Islam for all Muslim students in Nigeria, the MSSN’s activities do not produce a monolithic Islam, and that this reflects differences in the practice of the religion across the country.
尼日利亚穆斯林学生协会(msn)是一个促进尼日利亚教育机构穆斯林伊斯兰身份的运动。尽管在全国各地推动同样的目标,但比较MSSN在尼日利亚北部和南部地区的活动表明,该运动的成功在许多方面有所不同。这是因为有两种主要类型的区域差异与MSSN有关:基督教反对MSSN目标的成功;以及许多穆斯林和政府对这些目标的态度。例如,在穆斯林占主导地位的北部各州,MSSN呼吁让穆斯林女孩在学校戴头巾,以及MSSN对重新引入伊斯兰教法的支持受到了州长们的欢迎。然而,在穆斯林和基督徒人口大致相当的西南地区,msn努力让州长接受头巾,而伊斯兰教法的呼吁被拒绝了。因此,本文认为,尽管为尼日利亚所有穆斯林学生设想了相同的伊斯兰概念,但MSSN的活动并没有产生一个单一的伊斯兰教,这反映了全国各地宗教实践的差异。
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引用次数: 1
Remapping the study of Islam and Muslim cultures in postcolonial Nigeria 重新定位后殖民时期尼日利亚的伊斯兰教和穆斯林文化研究
Pub Date : 2022-11-01 DOI: 10.1017/S0001972022000584
M. Ibrahim, Sara Katz
1. During the 2014 hajj season, a video of a group of Yoruba pilgrims singing and dancing to music went viral in Nigeria. One of us (Sara), then in Ibadan, first learned of the video from a Hausa money changer, Umaru. He had received the video from a business associate from Borno State who clearly ‘wanted to make [him] laugh’ by showing what ‘your’ people are doing in Saudi Arabia. A bit of friendly teasing, since although Umaru was Hausa, he was born in Ibadan, a predominately Yoruba city. Yet Umaru did not share his associate’s interpretation that the video confirmed the established stereotype that Yoruba Muslims are less devout and learned compared with Muslims from northern Nigeria. Rather, he argued that the difference was ‘culture’, not religion. Umaru understood such stereotypes as rooted in the past when there were ‘few [Yoruba Muslims] that go deep into Islam’, but he countered that, since the 1960s, ‘Yoruba people know Qur’an; now they go deep’.1 Yoruba Muslims in Ibadan provided different perspectives. Professor Dawud Noibi, then executive secretary of the Muslim Ummah of South West Nigeria (MUSWN), admitted that he had seen such behaviour since his first hajj in 1968.2 Unlike Umaru, he saw the video as evidence that much educational work was needed for Nigerian pilgrims. Similarly, a Yoruba Muslim who had undertaken the hajj that year found the video appalling, especially since they were still in ihram cloth; he went on to denounce other ‘cultural’ practices, such as wearing a sabaka cap.3 Another Yoruba Muslim, yet to make the hajj himself, accused the Oyo State Pilgrims Welfare Board of not adequately screening out pilgrims who disgrace the reputations of
1. 2014年朝觐期间,一群约鲁巴朝圣者随着音乐唱歌跳舞的视频在尼日利亚疯传。我们当中的一位(Sara),当时在伊巴丹,第一次从豪萨货币兑换商Umaru那里得知这个视频。他从博尔诺州的一名商业伙伴那里收到了这段视频,这名商业伙伴显然是想通过展示“你的”人民在沙特阿拉伯所做的事情来“逗(他)笑”。虽然奥马鲁是豪萨人,但他出生在伊巴丹,一个以约鲁巴人为主的城市。然而,奥马鲁不同意他的同事的解释,即该视频证实了既定的刻板印象,即约鲁巴穆斯林与尼日利亚北部的穆斯林相比,不那么虔诚和博学。相反,他认为差异在于“文化”,而不是宗教。Umaru理解这种刻板印象根植于过去,当时“很少有[约鲁巴人穆斯林]深入伊斯兰教”,但他反驳说,自20世纪60年代以来,“约鲁巴人知道古兰经;现在他们走得很深伊巴丹的约鲁巴穆斯林提供了不同的观点。Dawud Noibi教授,当时是西南尼日利亚穆斯林Ummah (MUSWN)的执行秘书,承认自从1968年他第一次朝觐以来,他就看到了这样的行为。与Umaru不同的是,他把这个视频看作是尼日利亚朝圣者需要进行大量教育工作的证据。同样,一名参加了当年朝觐的约鲁巴穆斯林也觉得这段视频令人震惊,尤其是因为他们还穿着伊拉姆布;他接着谴责其他的“文化”习俗,比如戴萨巴卡帽。3另一个约鲁巴穆斯林,还没有自己去朝觐,指责奥约州朝圣者福利委员会没有充分筛选那些玷污他们声誉的朝圣者
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引用次数: 0
AFR volume 92 issue 5 Cover and Back matter AFR第92卷第5期封面和封底
Pub Date : 2022-11-01 DOI: 10.1017/s0001972022000705
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引用次数: 0
AFR volume 92 issue 5 Cover and Front matter AFR第92卷第5期封面和封面问题
Pub Date : 2022-11-01 DOI: 10.1017/s0001972022000699
A. Branford, Camilla Houeland, J. Archambault, Maxim Bolt, K. Barber, T. Bassett, Heike Becker, J. Beuving, K. Breckenridge, Filip De Boeck, Greg Dobler, H. Englund, R. Fardon, J. Fokwang, J. Fontein, Eric Gable, P. Geschiere, J. Guyer, Danny Hoffman, N. Hunt, Emma Hunter, F. N. Ikanda, Deborah James, M. Janson, F. D. Jong, H. N. Kringelbach, B. Larkin, Derek R. Peterson, D. Pratten, Katrien Pype, Noah Salomon, AbdouMaliq Simone, Benjamin Soares, J. Steinberg, S. Whyte, Alcinda Honwana, Odile Goerg, A. Cutolo, M. Diawara, Andreas Eckert, J. Gewald, Adam T. Jones, O. Kane, M. Lambek, Elísio Macamo, B. Meyer, Mauro Nobili, K. Barlow, Philip Burnham, Keren Weitzberg
Introduction Musa Ibrahim and Sara Katz Sunni and Shia Muslim and Christian encounters Musa Ibrahim Muslim Students’ Society of Nigeria Adeyemi Balogun The ‘Mecca uniform’ in Nigerian media Sara Katz Cosmopolitan unity in northern Nigeria Carmen McCain Intra-religious entanglements in Jos Murtala Ibrahim A history of ‘Yan haƙiƙa Kabiru Haruna Isa Eclecticism in contemporary Islamic thought Alexander Thurston
介绍穆萨·易卜拉欣和萨拉·卡茨逊尼派和什叶派穆斯林和基督徒遭遇穆萨·易卜拉欣尼日利亚穆斯林学生协会Adeyemi Balogun尼日利亚媒体上的“麦加制服”萨拉·卡茨尼日利亚北部的世界主义团结卡门·麦凯恩乔斯·穆尔塔拉·易卜拉欣的宗教内部纠缠“Yan”的历史haƙiƙa Kabiru Haruna Isa当代伊斯兰思想中的折衷主义亚历山大·瑟斯顿
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引用次数: 0
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Africa : notiziario dell'Associazione fra le imprese italiane in Africa
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