The extant literature describes and justifies stakeholders’ wellbeing as the essence of Islamic Banking and Finance (IBF). This infers the compulsion on Islamic banks to devise their operations based on inclusive wellbeing, and a greater perspective from the Maqasid al Shariah framework, and not merely converging on the compliance rulings. This paper presents a review and analysis of the present literature on Maqasid al Shariah and Stakeholders’ wellbeing and synthesizes a framework for gauging the theoretical association between the classical Maqasid al Shariah and Stakeholders’ wellbeing. The proposed framework can be used as a dependable framework for policy implication and future research in IBF. Moreover, concentrations of research efforts are identified from the present review and directions for future research are proposed.
现有文献描述并证明利益相关者的福祉是伊斯兰银行和金融(IBF)的本质。这就推断出，伊斯兰银行必须基于包容性福利和伊斯兰教法(Maqasid al Shariah)框架的更大视角来设计业务，而不仅仅是遵从合规裁决。本文回顾和分析了目前关于Maqasid al Shariah和利益相关者福祉的文献，并综合了一个框架，用于衡量经典的Maqasid al Shariah和利益相关者福祉之间的理论联系。该框架可作为IBF政策隐含和未来研究的可靠框架。在此基础上，提出了今后的研究方向和重点。
{"title":"Maqasid al Shariah and Stakeholders’ Wellbeing in Islamic Banks: A Proposed Framework","authors":"M. Siddiqui, Shafiullah Jan, K. Ullah","doi":"10.22547/BER/11.1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22547/BER/11.1.4","url":null,"abstract":"The extant literature describes and justifies stakeholders’ wellbeing as the essence of Islamic Banking and Finance (IBF). This infers the compulsion on Islamic banks to devise their operations based on inclusive wellbeing, and a greater perspective from the Maqasid al Shariah framework, and not merely converging on the compliance rulings. This paper presents a review and analysis of the present literature on Maqasid al Shariah and Stakeholders’ wellbeing and synthesizes a framework for gauging the theoretical association between the classical Maqasid al Shariah and Stakeholders’ wellbeing. The proposed framework can be used as a dependable framework for policy implication and future research in IBF. Moreover, concentrations of research efforts are identified from the present review and directions for future research are proposed.","PeriodicalId":80398,"journal":{"name":"Akron business and economic review","volume":"76 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88371463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper analyzes the dynamics of social protection expenditures in the context of structural and institutional characteristics across provinces in Pakistan. A rank and regression analysis is employed on a panel dataset for four provinces of Pakistan namely Khyber Pakhtunkhwa(KP), Balochistan, Sindh, and Punjab; over a period of 1988 to 2014.The analysis shows that KP gave more preference to education, health and, social security and welfare, and rank at the top in the respective social protection parameter. However, considering the structural and institutional features, KP shows a better performance in all social protection categories except social security and welfare. Punjab is in worst condition with respect to fiscal space generation, structural and institutional features in all social protection channels. Balochistan has better fiscal budget for subsidies and transfers but hasthe least structural and institutional features in utilizing these funds optimally. The Sindh province has the better structural and institutional performance for social protection provision but has comparatively low fiscal space for them. Theregression analysis results indicate that most of the structural and institutional features played a significant role in the determination of fiscal space for the concerned provinces. For Policy prospects, Sindh government needs to enhance the fiscal space for social protection purposes, whereas KP and Balochistan need to improve the required structural and institutional performance. In the case of Punjab, there is a need to enhance their fiscal space for social protection along with improved structural and institutional performances
{"title":"Dynamics of Social Protection in Context of Structural and Institutional Performances: A Disaggregate Analysis for Pakistan","authors":"Ahmed Raza ul Mustafa, Mohammed Nishat","doi":"10.22547/ber/11.1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22547/ber/11.1.2","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyzes the dynamics of social protection expenditures in the context of structural and institutional characteristics across provinces in Pakistan. A rank and regression analysis is employed on a panel dataset for four provinces of Pakistan namely Khyber Pakhtunkhwa(KP), Balochistan, Sindh, and Punjab; over a period of 1988 to 2014.The analysis shows that KP gave more preference to education, health and, social security and welfare, and rank at the top in the respective social protection parameter. However, considering the structural and institutional features, KP shows a better performance in all social protection categories except social security and welfare. Punjab is in worst condition with respect to fiscal space generation, structural and institutional features in all social protection channels. Balochistan has better fiscal budget for subsidies and transfers but hasthe least structural and institutional features in utilizing these funds optimally. The Sindh province has the better structural and institutional performance for social protection provision but has comparatively low fiscal space for them. Theregression analysis results indicate that most of the structural and institutional features played a significant role in the determination of fiscal space for the concerned provinces. For Policy prospects, Sindh government needs to enhance the fiscal space for social protection purposes, whereas KP and Balochistan need to improve the required structural and institutional performance. In the case of Punjab, there is a need to enhance their fiscal space for social protection along with improved structural and institutional performances","PeriodicalId":80398,"journal":{"name":"Akron business and economic review","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84116272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The main objective of the study is to investigate the impact of team goal orientation and information exchange on creativity and innovation in advertising creative teams of Pakistan. The data is collected from 70 teams and 436 employees of the advertising agencies in Pakistan and analyzed statistically using MEDTHREE analysis. The findings indicate that team goal orientation induces information exchange among team members, which leads to organizational innovation through team creativity in the advertising agencies of Pakistan. The mediation analysis of the data shows that for the innovation it is necessary that information exchange and creativity must exist at team level. The study may be useful for the managers of the advertising agencies of Pakistan to deal with the studied factors for the enhancement of creative thinking and innovation in the advertising agencies of Pakistan
{"title":"Impact of Team Goal Orientation and Information Exchange on Creativity and Innovation in Advertising Creative Teams of Pakistan","authors":"A. Bilal, Wisal Ahmad","doi":"10.22547/ber/11.1.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22547/ber/11.1.7","url":null,"abstract":"The main objective of the study is to investigate the impact of team goal orientation and information exchange on creativity and innovation in advertising creative teams of Pakistan. The data is collected from 70 teams and 436 employees of the advertising agencies in Pakistan and analyzed statistically using MEDTHREE analysis. The findings indicate that team goal orientation induces information exchange among team members, which leads to organizational innovation through team creativity in the advertising agencies of Pakistan. The mediation analysis of the data shows that for the innovation it is necessary that information exchange and creativity must exist at team level. The study may be useful for the managers of the advertising agencies of Pakistan to deal with the studied factors for the enhancement of creative thinking and innovation in the advertising agencies of Pakistan","PeriodicalId":80398,"journal":{"name":"Akron business and economic review","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84275618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Religious beliefs can shape the perception, behavior and reaction of a person towards marketing activities. This study aimed to examine the direct effect of Islamic religiosity on consumers’ attitude towards Islamic and Conventional advertisement in Pakistan. Moreover, the study has also examined serial mediating effects of consumers’ attitudes towards Islamic and conventional ways of advertisements and attitude towards brands between Islamic religiosity and their purchase intentions. Consumers’ attitude was explained through the theoretical lens of Value-Expressive theory of attitude. Experimental design was used to examine the relationships. Several statistical tools including Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) were used for screening and preparing the data for analysis. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with bootstrapping method for mediation was used to examine the mediation effects of consumers’ attitudes towards Islamic and conventional ways of advertisements and attitude towards brands. Results of the study showed positive relationship between Islamic religiosity and attitude towards Islamic way of advertisements and negative relationship between Islamic religiosity and conventional way of advertisements. Further results showed that attitude towards Islamic way of advertisement and attitude towards brands positively mediate the relationship between Islamic religiosity and purchase intention, while these relationships were negative for conventional way of advertisements.
{"title":"Impact of Islamic Religiosity on Consumers’ Attitudes towards Islamic and Conventional ways of Advertisements, Attitude towards Brands and Purchase Intentions","authors":"Muhammad Abdullah Khan, U. Ghani, Sadia Aziz","doi":"10.22547/ber/11.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22547/ber/11.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"Religious beliefs can shape the perception, behavior and reaction of a person towards marketing activities. This study aimed to examine the direct effect of Islamic religiosity on consumers’ attitude towards Islamic and Conventional advertisement in Pakistan. Moreover, the study has also examined serial mediating effects of consumers’ attitudes towards Islamic and conventional ways of advertisements and attitude towards brands between Islamic religiosity and their purchase intentions. Consumers’ attitude was explained through the theoretical lens of Value-Expressive theory of attitude. Experimental design was used to examine the relationships. Several statistical tools including Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) were used for screening and preparing the data for analysis. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with bootstrapping method for mediation was used to examine the mediation effects of consumers’ attitudes towards Islamic and conventional ways of advertisements and attitude towards brands. Results of the study showed positive relationship between Islamic religiosity and attitude towards Islamic way of advertisements and negative relationship between Islamic religiosity and conventional way of advertisements. Further results showed that attitude towards Islamic way of advertisement and attitude towards brands positively mediate the relationship between Islamic religiosity and purchase intention, while these relationships were negative for conventional way of advertisements.","PeriodicalId":80398,"journal":{"name":"Akron business and economic review","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84349193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Using expectation conformation theory, this study theorized and empirically tested the relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR) and customer-based brand equity via customer satisfaction. Data were collected from 225 customers of well-known brands of consumer goods and services using survey questionnaire consisting of standardized scales. Regression analysis using Baron and Kenney (1986) approach via SPSS was utilized to test the proposed hypotheses. Results confirm direct relationship between CSR and customer satisfaction and CSR and customer-based brand equity as well as direct effect of customer satisfaction on customer-based brand equity. In addition, the study also found support for mediating effect of customer satisfaction in relationship of CSR and customer-based brand equity. Importance of CSR activities, its awareness and communication are some of managerial implications of this study. Limitations of the study coupled with future directions have been highlighted
{"title":"Mediating Role of Customer Satisfaction between Corporate Social Responsibility and Customer-Based Brand Equity","authors":"Ifzal Ahmad, K. Shahzad, A. Gul","doi":"10.22547/ber/11.1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22547/ber/11.1.6","url":null,"abstract":"Using expectation conformation theory, this study theorized and empirically tested the relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR) and customer-based brand equity via customer satisfaction. Data were collected from 225 customers of well-known brands of consumer goods and services using survey questionnaire consisting of standardized scales. Regression analysis using Baron and Kenney (1986) approach via SPSS was utilized to test the proposed hypotheses. Results confirm direct relationship between CSR and customer satisfaction and CSR and customer-based brand equity as well as direct effect of customer satisfaction on customer-based brand equity. In addition, the study also found support for mediating effect of customer satisfaction in relationship of CSR and customer-based brand equity. Importance of CSR activities, its awareness and communication are some of managerial implications of this study. Limitations of the study coupled with future directions have been highlighted","PeriodicalId":80398,"journal":{"name":"Akron business and economic review","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81681212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study examines the effects of Unconditional Cash Transfers scheme of Benazir Income Support Program on household food consumption pattern and poverty in the District Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. For this purpose, data has been collected randomly through a comprehensive questionnaire from 383 selected beneficiaries located in two villages, namely, Kot Doulat Zai and Batagram of the District Mardan. The methods of Flexible Linear Approximate Almost Ideal Demand (LA-AIDS) and poverty index have been used for the estimation of results. Firstly, investigating the impact of cash transfers on household consumption, it is found that cash transfers increased their expenditures on cereals, meat and decreased on pulses, dairy products and fruits/vegetables. Secondly, analyzing the role of cash transfers in household’s poverty reduction, the results showed that household consumption shortfall reduced from 21% to 14% and their consumption deprivation poverty decreased from 42% to 31%. These findings suggest that the Unconditional Cash Transfers scheme is affecting the household consumption pattern and has reduced their poverty. Hence, further increase in the amount of cash transfers, formulation and implementation of effective policies in this regard can improve the standard of living of the poor and the needy people in District Mardan and in the province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.
{"title":"The Effects of Social Protection Program on Food Consumption and Poverty in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan","authors":"Muhammad Tariq, Aneesa, F. Khan","doi":"10.22547/ber/11.1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22547/ber/11.1.3","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines the effects of Unconditional Cash Transfers scheme of Benazir Income Support Program on household food consumption pattern and poverty in the District Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. For this purpose, data has been collected randomly through a comprehensive questionnaire from 383 selected beneficiaries located in two villages, namely, Kot Doulat Zai and Batagram of the District Mardan. The methods of Flexible Linear Approximate Almost Ideal Demand (LA-AIDS) and poverty index have been used for the estimation of results. Firstly, investigating the impact of cash transfers on household consumption, it is found that cash transfers increased their expenditures on cereals, meat and decreased on pulses, dairy products and fruits/vegetables. Secondly, analyzing the role of cash transfers in household’s poverty reduction, the results showed that household consumption shortfall reduced from 21% to 14% and their consumption deprivation poverty decreased from 42% to 31%. These findings suggest that the Unconditional Cash Transfers scheme is affecting the household consumption pattern and has reduced their poverty. Hence, further increase in the amount of cash transfers, formulation and implementation of effective policies in this regard can improve the standard of living of the poor and the needy people in District Mardan and in the province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.","PeriodicalId":80398,"journal":{"name":"Akron business and economic review","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83365064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Product quality is a major business dilemma in Pakistan. Organizations are dependent on Organization Development (OD) interventions to help them enhance their product quality to sustain in the global market. OD is a systematic organizational change process. The models of OD are helpful in designing state-of-the-art production systems to achieve the quality defined by customers. The current mixed methods explanatory sequential research study has tested a mediated model and investigated the impact of three structural OD interventions (ISO 9001:2015, ISO 14001:2015 & OHSAS 18001) on the product quality. Quantitative data from 146 manufacturing units, collected through a questionnaire, and qualitative data from five management systems experts are merged. Quantitative and qualitative findings show the positive and significant impact of ISO 9001:2015 on the product quality. The quantitative findings show the positive impacts of ISO 14001:2015 and OHSAS 18001 on the product quality. However, the qualitative findings reject any positive contribution of ISO 14001:2015 and OHSAS 18001 in product quality. The findings further revealed that the Integrated Management System (IMS), top management commitment and an effective monitoring system are essential strategies to make the systems more effective and efficient. The paper also discusses the compliant role of high performance corporate culture during the OD change process. The results have implications for corporate managers and management representatives
产品质量是巴基斯坦主要的商业困境。组织依赖于组织发展(OD)干预来帮助他们提高产品质量，以维持在全球市场。OD是一个系统化的组织变革过程。OD模型有助于设计最先进的生产系统，以达到客户定义的质量。目前的混合方法解释序贯研究测试了中介模型，并调查了三种结构性OD干预(ISO 9001:2015, ISO 14001:2015和OHSAS 18001)对产品质量的影响。通过问卷调查收集的146个制造单位的定量数据和5位管理系统专家的定性数据被合并。定量和定性结果表明iso9001:2015对产品质量的积极和显著影响。定量结果显示ISO 14001:2015和OHSAS 18001对产品质量的积极影响。然而，定性调查结果拒绝了ISO 14001:2015和OHSAS 18001在产品质量方面的任何积极贡献。调查结果进一步显示，综合管理系统、最高管理层的承诺和有效的监测系统是使系统更有效和有效率的基本战略。本文还探讨了高绩效企业文化在OD变更过程中的合规作用。研究结果对企业管理者和管理层代表具有启示意义
{"title":"Organization Development and Performance: The Impact of ISO 9001:2015, ISO 14001:2015 and OHSAS 18001 Interventions on Product Quality in Manufacturing Organizations of Pakistan","authors":"A. Khattak, M. Ilyas","doi":"10.22547/ber/10.4.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22547/ber/10.4.2","url":null,"abstract":"Product quality is a major business dilemma in Pakistan. Organizations are dependent on Organization Development (OD) interventions to help them enhance their product quality to sustain in the global market. OD is a systematic organizational change process. The models of OD are helpful in designing state-of-the-art production systems to achieve the quality defined by customers. The current mixed methods explanatory sequential research study has tested a mediated model and investigated the impact of three structural OD interventions (ISO 9001:2015, ISO 14001:2015 & OHSAS 18001) on the product quality. Quantitative data from 146 manufacturing units, collected through a questionnaire, and qualitative data from five management systems experts are merged. Quantitative and qualitative findings show the positive and significant impact of ISO 9001:2015 on the product quality. The quantitative findings show the positive impacts of ISO 14001:2015 and OHSAS 18001 on the product quality. However, the qualitative findings reject any positive contribution of ISO 14001:2015 and OHSAS 18001 in product quality. The findings further revealed that the Integrated Management System (IMS), top management commitment and an effective monitoring system are essential strategies to make the systems more effective and efficient. The paper also discusses the compliant role of high performance corporate culture during the OD change process. The results have implications for corporate managers and management representatives","PeriodicalId":80398,"journal":{"name":"Akron business and economic review","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82736928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The research on economic growth and poverty has largely considered poverty as an outcome of lower growth performance. In contrary to this commonly held belief that growth is necessary to reduce poverty, in this study we argue that poverty traps create self-perpetuating mechanisms that impede long-run economic growth. Poverty results in forgone growth opportunities because of higher transaction cost. Moreover, the poor people who are financially distress and also are distrustful are likely to be excluded from the active and efficient participation in economic activities. This study investigates the impact of poverty on economic growth in Pakistan using annual data for the period 1975 to 2016. The empirical analysis for the effect of poverty on economic growth is based on ARDL approach to cointegration, generalized method of moments, fully modified OLS, and dynamic ordinary least square estimation techniques. The main finding suggests that poverty inhibits economic growth performance of Pakistan and this finding is robust to diverse estimation methods. Therefore, growth policies should be designed not only to enhance economic growth but also should exert an independent influence on poverty reduction, thereby reducing the drag of poverty on growth.
{"title":"Poverty Traps and Economic Growth: Evidence from Pakistan","authors":"F. Khan, Muhammad Tariq Majeed","doi":"10.22547/ber/10.4.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22547/ber/10.4.6","url":null,"abstract":"The research on economic growth and poverty has largely considered poverty as an outcome of lower growth performance. In contrary to this commonly held belief that growth is necessary to reduce poverty, in this study we argue that poverty traps create self-perpetuating mechanisms that impede long-run economic growth. Poverty results in forgone growth opportunities because of higher transaction cost. Moreover, the poor people who are financially distress and also are distrustful are likely to be excluded from the active and efficient participation in economic activities. This study investigates the impact of poverty on economic growth in Pakistan using annual data for the period 1975 to 2016. The empirical analysis for the effect of poverty on economic growth is based on ARDL approach to cointegration, generalized method of moments, fully modified OLS, and dynamic ordinary least square estimation techniques. The main finding suggests that poverty inhibits economic growth performance of Pakistan and this finding is robust to diverse estimation methods. Therefore, growth policies should be designed not only to enhance economic growth but also should exert an independent influence on poverty reduction, thereby reducing the drag of poverty on growth.","PeriodicalId":80398,"journal":{"name":"Akron business and economic review","volume":"105 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80802908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Workaholism is one of the least researched phenomena in organizational behavior in Pakistan. Since it is considered akin to other forms of addiction, this study attempted to define, measure and reinforce the notion of workaholism within the addiction framework. This was done in order to address some of the gaps in previous researches. Using the trait theory and social learning paradigm, big 5 personality traits and social contagion were hypothesized as the predictors of workaholism. Similarly, drawing from the literature on well-being, counterproductive work behavior was postulated as a consequence of workaholism having a negative impact on employee well-being in the form of job burnout. A multi-stage sampling approach was employed. The analysis sample constituted a total of 1467 faculty members serving in the higher education institutions all over Pakistan. The results revealed that the traits of conscientiousness, neuroticism, and extraversion, as well as social contagion, were significant predictors of workaholism. At the same time, workaholism was found to be a significant predictor of counterproductive work behavior and, via the indirect effect, of job burnout. This lent support to the addiction framework. One of the major contributions of this study included the use of formative second-order hierarchical models.
{"title":"An Assessment of the Predictors and Consequences of Workaholism using Hierarchical Models","authors":"Mariya Razzaghian, Attaullah Shah","doi":"10.22547/BER/10.4.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22547/BER/10.4.1","url":null,"abstract":"Workaholism is one of the least researched phenomena in organizational behavior in Pakistan. Since it is considered akin to other forms of addiction, this study attempted to define, measure and reinforce the notion of workaholism within the addiction framework. This was done in order to address some of the gaps in previous researches. Using the trait theory and social learning paradigm, big 5 personality traits and social contagion were hypothesized as the predictors of workaholism. Similarly, drawing from the literature on well-being, counterproductive work behavior was postulated as a consequence of workaholism having a negative impact on employee well-being in the form of job burnout. A multi-stage sampling approach was employed. The analysis sample constituted a total of 1467 faculty members serving in the higher education institutions all over Pakistan. The results revealed that the traits of conscientiousness, neuroticism, and extraversion, as well as social contagion, were significant predictors of workaholism. At the same time, workaholism was found to be a significant predictor of counterproductive work behavior and, via the indirect effect, of job burnout. This lent support to the addiction framework. One of the major contributions of this study included the use of formative second-order hierarchical models.","PeriodicalId":80398,"journal":{"name":"Akron business and economic review","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87600542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper analyzes the impact of health and education on income inequality in selected developing countries. This study uses panel data for 31 developing countries from 1996 to 2015. We estimated the coefficients by employing the System Generalized Method of Moments (System-GMM) technique due to endogeneity problem. We conclude that education and health significantly contribute to decrease income inequality
{"title":"Impact of Health and Education on Income Inequality: Evidence from Selected Developing Countries","authors":"Samina Sabir, N. Aziz","doi":"10.22547/ber/10.4.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22547/ber/10.4.4","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyzes the impact of health and education on income inequality in selected developing countries. This study uses panel data for 31 developing countries from 1996 to 2015. We estimated the coefficients by employing the System Generalized Method of Moments (System-GMM) technique due to endogeneity problem. We conclude that education and health significantly contribute to decrease income inequality","PeriodicalId":80398,"journal":{"name":"Akron business and economic review","volume":"18 2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78157697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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