Á. Rodríguez-Sevillano, María Jesús Casati-Calzada, R. Bardera-Mora, Alejandro Feliz-Huidobro, Claudia Calle-González, Jaime Fernández-Antón
Flow visualization is necessary in fields such as engineering, since it allows us to know what is happening around the element being studied by means of a preliminary method, although it is relatively close to future research and computation methodology. The present project studies the interference at the anemometers of the Mars rover Perseverance, caused by the mast holding one of its cameras. After obtaining the model, manufactured by a 3D printer, it was placed inside a hydrodynamic towing tank, and red dye was added for a visual observation of the interference during the experiment. A comparison was made between the results achieved and those seen in a wind tunnel, realizing the high correlation they have. Finally, this paper promotes the use of the hydrodynamic towing tank in preliminary studies due to its low costs, considering the adequate comparison with other higher precision methodologies.
{"title":"Flow Study on the Anemometers of the Perseverance Based on Towing Tank Visualization","authors":"Á. Rodríguez-Sevillano, María Jesús Casati-Calzada, R. Bardera-Mora, Alejandro Feliz-Huidobro, Claudia Calle-González, Jaime Fernández-Antón","doi":"10.3390/applmech3040079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/applmech3040079","url":null,"abstract":"Flow visualization is necessary in fields such as engineering, since it allows us to know what is happening around the element being studied by means of a preliminary method, although it is relatively close to future research and computation methodology. The present project studies the interference at the anemometers of the Mars rover Perseverance, caused by the mast holding one of its cameras. After obtaining the model, manufactured by a 3D printer, it was placed inside a hydrodynamic towing tank, and red dye was added for a visual observation of the interference during the experiment. A comparison was made between the results achieved and those seen in a wind tunnel, realizing the high correlation they have. Finally, this paper promotes the use of the hydrodynamic towing tank in preliminary studies due to its low costs, considering the adequate comparison with other higher precision methodologies.","PeriodicalId":8048,"journal":{"name":"Applied Mechanics Reviews","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81263882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The question addressed is whether the free oscillations of a continuous system can be suppressed, or at least the total energy reduced, by applying external forces, using as example the linear undamped transverse oscillations of a uniform elastic string. The non-resonant forcing at an applied frequency, distinct from all natural frequencies, does not interact with the normal modes, whose energy is unchanged, and adds the energy of the forced oscillation, thus increasing the total energy, that is the opposite of the result being sought. The resonant forcing at an applied frequency, equal to one of the natural frequencies, leads to an amplitude growing linearly with time, and hence the energy is growing quadratically with time, implying an increase in total energy after a sufficiently long time. A reduction in total energy is possible over a short time, say over the first period of oscillation, by optimizing the forcing. In the case of a concentrated force, by optimizing its magnitude and location, the total energy with forcing in one period is reduced by a modest maximum of 2% relative to the free oscillation alone. The conclusion is similar for several concentrated forces. In the case of a continuously distributed force, by optimizing the spatial distribution, it is possible to reduce the energy of the total oscillation to one-fourth of that of the free oscillation over the first period of vibration. This shows that continuously distributed forces are more effective at vibration suppression than point forces.
{"title":"On the Countering of Free Vibrations by Forcing: Part I—Non-Resonant and Resonant Forcing with Phase Shifts","authors":"L. Campos, Manuel J. S. Silva","doi":"10.3390/applmech3040078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/applmech3040078","url":null,"abstract":"The question addressed is whether the free oscillations of a continuous system can be suppressed, or at least the total energy reduced, by applying external forces, using as example the linear undamped transverse oscillations of a uniform elastic string. The non-resonant forcing at an applied frequency, distinct from all natural frequencies, does not interact with the normal modes, whose energy is unchanged, and adds the energy of the forced oscillation, thus increasing the total energy, that is the opposite of the result being sought. The resonant forcing at an applied frequency, equal to one of the natural frequencies, leads to an amplitude growing linearly with time, and hence the energy is growing quadratically with time, implying an increase in total energy after a sufficiently long time. A reduction in total energy is possible over a short time, say over the first period of oscillation, by optimizing the forcing. In the case of a concentrated force, by optimizing its magnitude and location, the total energy with forcing in one period is reduced by a modest maximum of 2% relative to the free oscillation alone. The conclusion is similar for several concentrated forces. In the case of a continuously distributed force, by optimizing the spatial distribution, it is possible to reduce the energy of the total oscillation to one-fourth of that of the free oscillation over the first period of vibration. This shows that continuously distributed forces are more effective at vibration suppression than point forces.","PeriodicalId":8048,"journal":{"name":"Applied Mechanics Reviews","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74308145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As has been pointed out recently, a possible solution strategy to the wear–fatigue dilemma in fretting, operating on the level of contact mechanics and profile geometries, can be the introduction of “soft” sharp edges to the contact profiles, for example, by truncating an originally smooth profile. In that regard, analysis of possible mechanical failure of a structure, due to the contact interaction, requires the knowledge of the full subsurface stress state resulting from the contact loading. In the present manuscript, a closed-form exact solution for the subsurface stress state is given for the frictional contact of elastically similar truncated cylinders or wedges, within the framework of the half-plane approximation and a local-global Amontons–Coulomb friction law. Moreover, a fast and robust semi-analytical method, based on the appropriate superposition of solutions for parabolic contact, is proposed for the determination of the subsurface stress fields in frictional plane contacts with more complex profile geometries, and compared with the exact solution. Based on the analytical solution, periodic tangential loading of a truncated cylinder is considered in detail, and important scalar characteristics of the stress state, like the von-Mises equivalent stress, maximum shear stress, and the largest principal stress, are determined. Positive (i.e., tensile) principal stresses only exist in the vicinity of the contact edge, away from the pressure singularity at the edge of the profile, and away from the maxima of the von-Mises equivalent stress, or the maximum shear stress. Therefore, the fretting contact should not be prone to fatigue crack initiation.
{"title":"Explicit Analytic Solutions for the Subsurface Stress Field in Single Plane Contacts of Elastically Similar Truncated Cylinders or Wedges","authors":"E. Willert","doi":"10.3390/applmech3040077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/applmech3040077","url":null,"abstract":"As has been pointed out recently, a possible solution strategy to the wear–fatigue dilemma in fretting, operating on the level of contact mechanics and profile geometries, can be the introduction of “soft” sharp edges to the contact profiles, for example, by truncating an originally smooth profile. In that regard, analysis of possible mechanical failure of a structure, due to the contact interaction, requires the knowledge of the full subsurface stress state resulting from the contact loading. In the present manuscript, a closed-form exact solution for the subsurface stress state is given for the frictional contact of elastically similar truncated cylinders or wedges, within the framework of the half-plane approximation and a local-global Amontons–Coulomb friction law. Moreover, a fast and robust semi-analytical method, based on the appropriate superposition of solutions for parabolic contact, is proposed for the determination of the subsurface stress fields in frictional plane contacts with more complex profile geometries, and compared with the exact solution. Based on the analytical solution, periodic tangential loading of a truncated cylinder is considered in detail, and important scalar characteristics of the stress state, like the von-Mises equivalent stress, maximum shear stress, and the largest principal stress, are determined. Positive (i.e., tensile) principal stresses only exist in the vicinity of the contact edge, away from the pressure singularity at the edge of the profile, and away from the maxima of the von-Mises equivalent stress, or the maximum shear stress. Therefore, the fretting contact should not be prone to fatigue crack initiation.","PeriodicalId":8048,"journal":{"name":"Applied Mechanics Reviews","volume":"75 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2022-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90059568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kadiata Ba, Sasan Sattarpanah Karganroudi, A. Aminzadeh, M. Javidani, M. S. Meiabadi
In this study, a novel approach for residual stress (RS) distribution on forged AA7175 is considered to replace and simplify the manufacturing process, based on the lean manufacturing concept. AA7175 alloy is a quench-sensitive material applied in the aeronautics industry, which is subjected to vibration and cyclic loads leading to fatigue failure. Generally, costly postprocessing operations, such as shot peening, are used to modify RS on the surfaces of parts. Considering the fact that this operation is usually performed manually and is costly, the industrial sectors have been searching for an alternative to simplify the process. Here, quenching and T74 aging are found to advantageously modify RS distribution by forming compressive RS on parts’ surface layers. The proposed heat treatment allows for the removal of the shot-peening process, helping to reduce the costs associated with the manufacturing process and to increase production quality.
{"title":"An Innovative Approach to Improving Residual Stress Distribution and Metallurgical Refinement of Forged AA7175 Applied in the Aeronautical Industry","authors":"Kadiata Ba, Sasan Sattarpanah Karganroudi, A. Aminzadeh, M. Javidani, M. S. Meiabadi","doi":"10.3390/applmech3040076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/applmech3040076","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, a novel approach for residual stress (RS) distribution on forged AA7175 is considered to replace and simplify the manufacturing process, based on the lean manufacturing concept. AA7175 alloy is a quench-sensitive material applied in the aeronautics industry, which is subjected to vibration and cyclic loads leading to fatigue failure. Generally, costly postprocessing operations, such as shot peening, are used to modify RS on the surfaces of parts. Considering the fact that this operation is usually performed manually and is costly, the industrial sectors have been searching for an alternative to simplify the process. Here, quenching and T74 aging are found to advantageously modify RS distribution by forming compressive RS on parts’ surface layers. The proposed heat treatment allows for the removal of the shot-peening process, helping to reduce the costs associated with the manufacturing process and to increase production quality.","PeriodicalId":8048,"journal":{"name":"Applied Mechanics Reviews","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2022-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89889270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The interplay of mechanics, electrochemistry, thermodynamics and kinetics in lithium-ion batteries is summarized. Attention is focused on models for such interactions but is restricted to issues related to all solid-state batteries with lithium metal anodes and a solid electrolyte, as such systems potentially enable higher energy density. Models for diffusion induced stress and fracture due to lithiation swelling and shrinkage are overviewed. Transport models for lithium ions in solid electrolytes are summarized. Mechanical effects are significant in binary ion conducting materials. The effect of stress on the kinetics of lithium flux across electrode-electrolyte interfaces is described. Such constitutive laws are relevant to modeling the morphological stability or instability of the electrode-electrolyte interface. The preceding topics are relatively well developed in regard to modeling. The models that have been developed are fairly successful in terms of agreement with experimental observations, though further work is needed in all areas to explore phenomena that become prominent as technology and materials development advances. An area that is less mature is modeling of the nucleation and growth of lithium filaments in solid electrolytes that lead to cell short circuits. The models that have been developed for this phenomenon are described. They are not fully consistent with the observed behavior of lithium filament and dendrite growth in solid electrolytes. Thus, filament growth and void growth in the lithium metal electrode that is closely connected with filament growth remain open issues that need further model development at a fundamental level.
{"title":"Models for the Interplay of Mechanics, Electrochemistry, Thermodynamics and Kinetics in Lithium-Ion Batteries","authors":"V. Deshpande, R. McMeeking","doi":"10.1115/1.4056289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4056289","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The interplay of mechanics, electrochemistry, thermodynamics and kinetics in lithium-ion batteries is summarized. Attention is focused on models for such interactions but is restricted to issues related to all solid-state batteries with lithium metal anodes and a solid electrolyte, as such systems potentially enable higher energy density. Models for diffusion induced stress and fracture due to lithiation swelling and shrinkage are overviewed. Transport models for lithium ions in solid electrolytes are summarized. Mechanical effects are significant in binary ion conducting materials. The effect of stress on the kinetics of lithium flux across electrode-electrolyte interfaces is described. Such constitutive laws are relevant to modeling the morphological stability or instability of the electrode-electrolyte interface. The preceding topics are relatively well developed in regard to modeling. The models that have been developed are fairly successful in terms of agreement with experimental observations, though further work is needed in all areas to explore phenomena that become prominent as technology and materials development advances. An area that is less mature is modeling of the nucleation and growth of lithium filaments in solid electrolytes that lead to cell short circuits. The models that have been developed for this phenomenon are described. They are not fully consistent with the observed behavior of lithium filament and dendrite growth in solid electrolytes. Thus, filament growth and void growth in the lithium metal electrode that is closely connected with filament growth remain open issues that need further model development at a fundamental level.","PeriodicalId":8048,"journal":{"name":"Applied Mechanics Reviews","volume":"249 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2022-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77265046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Dimitrova, A. Aminzadeh, M. S. Meiabadi, Sasan Sattarpanah Karganroudi, H. Taheri, Hussein Ibrahim
Wind turbines are known to be the most efficient method of green energy production, and wind turbine blades (WTBs) are known as a key component of the wind turbine system, with a major influence on the efficiency of the entire system. Wind turbine blades have a quite manual production process of composite materials, which induces various types of defects in the blade. Blades are susceptible to the damage developed by complex and irregular loading or even catastrophic collapse and are expensive to maintain. Failure or damage to wind turbine blades not only decreases the lifespan, efficiency, and fault diagnosis capability but also increases safety hazards and maintenance costs. Hence, non-destructive testing (NDT) methods providing surface and subsurface information for the blade are indispensable in the maintenance of wind turbines. Damage detection is a critical part of the inspection methods for failure prevention, maintenance planning, and the sustainability of wind turbine operation. Industry 4.0 technologies provide a framework for deploying smart inspection, one of the key requirements for sustainable wind energy production. The wind energy industry is about to undergo a significant revolution due to the integration of the physical and virtual worlds driven by Industry 4.0. This paper aims to highlight the potential of Industry 4.0 to help exploit smart inspections for sustainable wind energy production. This study is also elaborated by damage categorization and a thorough review of the state-of-the-art non-destructive techniques for surface and sub-surface inspection of wind turbine blades.
{"title":"A Survey on Non-Destructive Smart Inspection of Wind Turbine Blades Based on Industry 4.0 Strategy","authors":"M. Dimitrova, A. Aminzadeh, M. S. Meiabadi, Sasan Sattarpanah Karganroudi, H. Taheri, Hussein Ibrahim","doi":"10.3390/applmech3040075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/applmech3040075","url":null,"abstract":"Wind turbines are known to be the most efficient method of green energy production, and wind turbine blades (WTBs) are known as a key component of the wind turbine system, with a major influence on the efficiency of the entire system. Wind turbine blades have a quite manual production process of composite materials, which induces various types of defects in the blade. Blades are susceptible to the damage developed by complex and irregular loading or even catastrophic collapse and are expensive to maintain. Failure or damage to wind turbine blades not only decreases the lifespan, efficiency, and fault diagnosis capability but also increases safety hazards and maintenance costs. Hence, non-destructive testing (NDT) methods providing surface and subsurface information for the blade are indispensable in the maintenance of wind turbines. Damage detection is a critical part of the inspection methods for failure prevention, maintenance planning, and the sustainability of wind turbine operation. Industry 4.0 technologies provide a framework for deploying smart inspection, one of the key requirements for sustainable wind energy production. The wind energy industry is about to undergo a significant revolution due to the integration of the physical and virtual worlds driven by Industry 4.0. This paper aims to highlight the potential of Industry 4.0 to help exploit smart inspections for sustainable wind energy production. This study is also elaborated by damage categorization and a thorough review of the state-of-the-art non-destructive techniques for surface and sub-surface inspection of wind turbine blades.","PeriodicalId":8048,"journal":{"name":"Applied Mechanics Reviews","volume":"83 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2022-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88522820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The underlying formalism of isotropic elasticity theory is shown to benefit from a review and re-examination of its structure thereby yielding a realignment of the basic moduli type properties. When this is accomplished the pathway to understanding ductile versus brittle failure behaviors becomes much more accessible. The ductile/brittle transition in uniaxial tension then admits a simple and direct specification in terms of the two elastic moduli 2µ and k. The consequences of these results are discussed in the context of general failure theory.
{"title":"Review of the Basic Elastic Mechanical Properties and Their Realignment to Establish Ductile Versus Brittle Failure Behaviors","authors":"R. M. Christensen","doi":"10.1115/1.4056203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4056203","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The underlying formalism of isotropic elasticity theory is shown to benefit from a review and re-examination of its structure thereby yielding a realignment of the basic moduli type properties. When this is accomplished the pathway to understanding ductile versus brittle failure behaviors becomes much more accessible. The ductile/brittle transition in uniaxial tension then admits a simple and direct specification in terms of the two elastic moduli 2µ and k. The consequences of these results are discussed in the context of general failure theory.","PeriodicalId":8048,"journal":{"name":"Applied Mechanics Reviews","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2022-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80519486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shape memory polymers (SMPs) and SMP composites (SMPCs) have been widely employed in several fields and exhibit excellent self-actuation, deformation, and self-adaption. Establishing reasonable constitutive models is vital for understanding the shape memory mechanism and expanding its applications. Moreover, the mechanical response of SMPs under different conditions can be predicted, facilitating their precise control. The internal mechanism for the shape memory behavior in most SMPs is thermal actuation. This study reviews the theories of thermally actuated SMPs, rheological and phase transition concept models, and models combining the rheology and phase transition concept. Furthermore, the constitutive models of particulate-reinforced SMPCs, carbon-fiber-reinforced SMPCs, and the buckling behavior of SMPCs are summarized. This study is expected to help solve the remaining issues rapidly and contribute to the establishment of rational constitutive models for SMPs and SMPCs.
{"title":"Thermomechanical Constitutive Models of Shape Memory Polymers and Their Composites","authors":"Wei Zhao, Liwu Liu, X. Lan, J. Leng, Yanju Liu","doi":"10.1115/1.4056131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4056131","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Shape memory polymers (SMPs) and SMP composites (SMPCs) have been widely employed in several fields and exhibit excellent self-actuation, deformation, and self-adaption. Establishing reasonable constitutive models is vital for understanding the shape memory mechanism and expanding its applications. Moreover, the mechanical response of SMPs under different conditions can be predicted, facilitating their precise control. The internal mechanism for the shape memory behavior in most SMPs is thermal actuation. This study reviews the theories of thermally actuated SMPs, rheological and phase transition concept models, and models combining the rheology and phase transition concept. Furthermore, the constitutive models of particulate-reinforced SMPCs, carbon-fiber-reinforced SMPCs, and the buckling behavior of SMPCs are summarized. This study is expected to help solve the remaining issues rapidly and contribute to the establishment of rational constitutive models for SMPs and SMPCs.","PeriodicalId":8048,"journal":{"name":"Applied Mechanics Reviews","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2022-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84824113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Timothy, Alexander Haynack, T. Kränkel, C. Gehlen
Damage induced by repetitive freezing and thawing processes is one of the critical factors that affect concrete durability in cold climates. This deterioration process manifests as surface scaling and internal damage. The damage processes are governed by physicochemical mechanisms that are active across multiple scales. In this contribution, we present a novel multiscale theoretical framework for estimating the critical pressure required for microcrack initiation during freezing and thawing of cementitious mortar. Continuum micromechanics and fracture mechanics is used to model the phenomena of microcrack initiation and growth. Damage at the microscale is upscaled to the level of the specimen using multilevel homogenization. The critical pressure is estimated using poromechanics at the microscopic scale. A theoretical analysis shows that in the frozen state, the material can resist higher pressures. As a consequence, the material is more susceptible to damage during thawing. The micromechanical predictions are within the range of the predictions obtained by electrokinetic theory.
{"title":"What Is the Internal Pressure That Initiates Damage in Cementitious Materials during Freezing and Thawing? A Micromechanical Analysis","authors":"J. Timothy, Alexander Haynack, T. Kränkel, C. Gehlen","doi":"10.3390/applmech3040074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/applmech3040074","url":null,"abstract":"Damage induced by repetitive freezing and thawing processes is one of the critical factors that affect concrete durability in cold climates. This deterioration process manifests as surface scaling and internal damage. The damage processes are governed by physicochemical mechanisms that are active across multiple scales. In this contribution, we present a novel multiscale theoretical framework for estimating the critical pressure required for microcrack initiation during freezing and thawing of cementitious mortar. Continuum micromechanics and fracture mechanics is used to model the phenomena of microcrack initiation and growth. Damage at the microscale is upscaled to the level of the specimen using multilevel homogenization. The critical pressure is estimated using poromechanics at the microscopic scale. A theoretical analysis shows that in the frozen state, the material can resist higher pressures. As a consequence, the material is more susceptible to damage during thawing. The micromechanical predictions are within the range of the predictions obtained by electrokinetic theory.","PeriodicalId":8048,"journal":{"name":"Applied Mechanics Reviews","volume":"119 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2022-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80385100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The stability of the slurry trench is very important in the construction of the underground diaphragm wall. In the current research, the local instability of the slurry trench is mainly investigated after the excavation of a unit slot is completely completed. However, the local stability in the process of excavation has received little attention. In this paper, the local stability in the process of excavation located in high permeability strata of diaphragm wall construction is investigated. A slurry infiltration experiment was carried out to investigate the distribution of the excess pore pressure in the high permeability strata, which can determine the effective support pressure. Then, the local stability of the slurry trench in the process of excavation located in high permeability saturated sand is calculated. The results show that the same types of sand according to the design code cannot be simply treated to have the same permeability and similar distribution of the excess pore pressure, since whether the filter cake can be formed and the quality of the filter cake are the key factors to determine the distribution of the excess pore pressure. This is also crucial for the local stability in the process of excavation located in high permeability saturated sand. It is suggested that attention should be paid to the local stability in the process of excavation located in high permeability strata when the slurry infiltration mode is the pure permeable zone.
{"title":"Local Stability in the Process of Excavation Located in High Permeability Saturated Sand of Diaphragm Wall Construction","authors":"Yuhang Liu, Linchun Wei, Yanfei Zhu, X. Zhuang","doi":"10.3390/applmech3040072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/applmech3040072","url":null,"abstract":"The stability of the slurry trench is very important in the construction of the underground diaphragm wall. In the current research, the local instability of the slurry trench is mainly investigated after the excavation of a unit slot is completely completed. However, the local stability in the process of excavation has received little attention. In this paper, the local stability in the process of excavation located in high permeability strata of diaphragm wall construction is investigated. A slurry infiltration experiment was carried out to investigate the distribution of the excess pore pressure in the high permeability strata, which can determine the effective support pressure. Then, the local stability of the slurry trench in the process of excavation located in high permeability saturated sand is calculated. The results show that the same types of sand according to the design code cannot be simply treated to have the same permeability and similar distribution of the excess pore pressure, since whether the filter cake can be formed and the quality of the filter cake are the key factors to determine the distribution of the excess pore pressure. This is also crucial for the local stability in the process of excavation located in high permeability saturated sand. It is suggested that attention should be paid to the local stability in the process of excavation located in high permeability strata when the slurry infiltration mode is the pure permeable zone.","PeriodicalId":8048,"journal":{"name":"Applied Mechanics Reviews","volume":"140 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77597107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：