Applied Radiation and Isotopes最新文献

英文中文

Dosimetric verification of HDR vaginal cylinder applications using Gafchromic film and Monte Carlo simulation with a custom phantom 使用Gafchromic薄膜和蒙特卡罗模拟的HDR阴道圆柱体应用剂量学验证

IF 1.8 3区工程技术 Q3 CHEMISTRY, INORGANIC & NUCLEAR

Applied Radiation and Isotopes

Pub Date : 2025-12-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112399

Mahesha Jayakody , Jeyasingam Jeyasugiththan , M.S. Athiyamaan , Sourjya Banerjee , Lobo Dilson , M.S. Pooja , Chrishanthi Rajasooriyar , Stephen W. Peterson , Duminda Satharasinghe , Arun Chougule , Srinivas Challapalli

Introduction

High-dose-rate brachytherapy (HDR-BT) in vaginal cylinder application is a common and effective treatment for gynecological malignancies. However, ensuring accurate dose delivery to the target while minimizing exposure to surrounding tissues is critical. Verification of the planned dose distribution using independent dosimetric methods is essential for quality assurance.

Aim

This study aimed to verify prescription doses in HDR vaginal cylinder applications using Gafchromic EBT3 film dosimetry with a custom in-house phantom, complemented by independent Monte Carlo (MC) simulations for validation.

Methods

A custom PMMA phantom (“Brachy Sarbo”) was developed to position EBT3 films at fixed radial distances. Treatment plans for 4, 5 and 6 Gy were created in SagiPlan® TPS. Dose distributions were validated using Geant4-based MC simulations and film measurements with LINAC-based reference for film response.

Results

MC simulations closely matched prescribed doses, with 0.06 % error. Film dosimetry captured trends but showed deviations between −3.99 % and 4.45 %. Gamma analysis (3 %/3 mm) revealed better spatial agreement at higher doses, with MC vs. LINAC achieving 87.5 % pass rate at 5 Gy. MC vs. BT showed lower agreement at 4 Gy (15.8 %) but improved notably at 5 Gy and 6 Gy, reflecting better consistency with increasing dose.

Conclusion

This study demonstrates that EBT3 film dosimetry using an in-house phantom offers a practical and reliable method for verifying prescription doses in HDR vaginal cylinder treatments. MC simulations provide a strong theoretical complement and together, this approach strengthens confidence in dose accuracy and support robust QA in HDR-BT for gynecological cancers.

高剂量率阴道圆筒近距离放射治疗（HDR-BT）是治疗妇科恶性肿瘤的常用有效方法。然而，确保准确的剂量传递到目标，同时尽量减少对周围组织的暴露是至关重要的。使用独立的剂量学方法验证计划剂量分布是保证质量的必要条件。目的：本研究旨在使用Gafchromic EBT3膜剂量测定法和定制的内部模体，辅以独立的蒙特卡罗（MC）模拟来验证HDR阴道瓶应用中的处方剂量。方法采用自定义PMMA假体（Brachy Sarbo）在固定径向距离定位EBT3薄膜。在SagiPlan®TPS中创建4,5和6 Gy的治疗计划。使用基于geant4的MC模拟和基于linac的膜响应参考的膜测量来验证剂量分布。结果smc模拟与处方剂量吻合较好，误差为0.06%。胶片剂量法捕获了趋势，但显示偏差在- 3.99%和4.45%之间。伽马分析（3% /3 mm）显示，在较高剂量下，MC与LINAC的空间一致性更好，在5 Gy时，MC与LINAC的通通率达到87.5%。MC与BT在4 Gy时一致性较低（15.8%），但在5 Gy和6 Gy时显著改善，反映出随着剂量增加一致性更好。结论本研究表明，使用内部模体的EBT3膜剂量法为HDR阴道瓶治疗处方剂量的验证提供了一种实用可靠的方法。MC模拟提供了强有力的理论补充，这种方法增强了剂量准确性的信心，并支持HDR-BT治疗妇科癌症的强大QA。

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引用次数: 0

A compact E x B filter isotope separation system 一种紧凑的E x B过滤器同位素分离系统。

IF 1.8 3区工程技术 Q3 CHEMISTRY, INORGANIC & NUCLEAR

Applied Radiation and Isotopes

Pub Date : 2025-12-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112396

Ka-Ngo Leung , Nozomi Tanaka

The design of a small RF-driven ion source combined with a E x B (or “Wien”) filter for efficient isotope separation is described. Computation results demonstrated that an optimized E x B filter can produce highly enriched isotopes such as ¹⁰B,⁵⁰Ti, ⁶⁴Zn, ⁶⁷Zn, ⁹⁸Mo, and ¹⁰⁰Mo which are useful for nuclear science experiments, neutron production and the manufacturing of medical radioisotopes for diagnostic imaging studies and therapeutic applications. With an optimized design, the E x B separator can perform either a single or multiple isotope collection.

描述了一种小型rf驱动离子源与E x B（或“Wien”）滤波器相结合的设计，用于有效的同位素分离。计算结果表明，优化后的E x B滤光片可产生10B、50Ti、64Zn、67Zn、98Mo和100Mo等高富集同位素，可用于核科学实验、中子产生以及用于诊断成像研究和治疗应用的医用放射性同位素的制造。通过优化设计，E x B分离器可以进行单个或多个同位素收集。

引用次数: 0

Monte Carlo simulation of a Brazilian type III facility for gamma radiography with 192Ir sources for radiation protection purposes 巴西三级伽玛射线照相设备的蒙特卡罗模拟，该设备具有用于辐射防护的192Ir源。

IF 1.8 3区工程技术 Q3 CHEMISTRY, INORGANIC & NUCLEAR

Applied Radiation and Isotopes

Pub Date : 2025-12-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112394

Tatiana Souto Carneiro , Roos S.F. Dam , William L. Salgado , César M. Salgado , Davi F. de Oliveira

Industrial radiography is a well-established practice but is associated with significant radiological risks. The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) classifies it as Category 2 in the system for sealed radioactive sources, which are commonly employed in these applications. Gamma radiography operations typically use high-activity sealed sources of ¹⁹²Ir, ⁷⁵Se, and ⁶⁰Co for the inspection of industrial components. Given the potential radiation hazards, such operations should preferably be performed in enclosed facilities with permanent shielding, following designs approved by the Comissão Nacional de Energia Nuclear (CNEN). This study evaluates a Type III Brazilian operation facility (radiographic box) using a¹⁹²Ir source with a maximum activity of 6.77 × 10¹¹ Bq (18.31 Ci). Measurements were carried out at the access gate – the location identified as the most exposed point, to verify compliance with the dose limits established for occupationally exposed individuals and for the public under regulatory standards. For this purpose, the MCNP6 computational code was used to simulate a radiographic box with the ¹⁹²Ir source. The simulation results were experimentally validated through measurements of the ambient dose equivalent rate obtained with a scintillator detector. A comparison between experimental data and Monte Carlo Method simulations showed an average relative error of 10.08 %.

工业放射照相术是一种成熟的做法，但与重大的放射风险有关。国际原子能机构（IAEA）在这些应用中通常使用的密封放射源系统中将其分类为第2类。伽马射线照相操作通常使用192Ir， 75Se和60Co的高活性密封源来检查工业部件。考虑到潜在的辐射危害，此类操作最好在具有永久屏蔽的封闭设施中进行，并遵循国家核能能源委员会（CNEN）批准的设计。本研究评估了使用最大活度为6.77 × 1011 Bq （18.31 Ci）的192ir源的III型巴西手术设备（x线摄影箱）。测量是在入口处进行的，即确定为最受照射点的地点，以核实是否遵守了根据监管标准为职业受照射个人和公众制定的剂量限值。为此，使用MCNP6计算代码来模拟具有192Ir源的射线照相盒。利用闪烁体探测器测量环境剂量当量率，对模拟结果进行了实验验证。实验数据与蒙特卡罗方法模拟结果的对比表明，平均相对误差为10.08%。

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引用次数: 0

D-threo-chloramphenicol: tritium labelling at high specific activity d -三氯霉素：高比活性的氚标记。

IF 1.8 3区工程技术 Q3 CHEMISTRY, INORGANIC & NUCLEAR

Applied Radiation and Isotopes

Pub Date : 2025-12-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112390

Steven Carr, Crist N. Filer, Stephen D. Hurt

D-threo-chloramphenicol is an antibiotic discovered many decades ago. Although it has experienced limited use as a medicinal agent, D-threo-chloramphenicol has emerged as a valuable biochemical tool. In this work, the tritium labelling and characterization of D-threo-chloramphenicol are described.

d -三氯霉素是几十年前发现的一种抗生素。虽然d -三氯霉素作为药物的使用有限，但它已成为一种有价值的生化工具。本文介绍了d -三氯霉素的氚标记和表征。

引用次数: 0

Comprehensive analysis of raw and treated Algerian bentonite via K0-NAA method and their industrial relevance K0-NAA法对阿尔及利亚膨润土原料和处理后膨润土的综合分析及其工业意义

IF 1.8 3区工程技术 Q3 CHEMISTRY, INORGANIC & NUCLEAR

Applied Radiation and Isotopes

Pub Date : 2025-12-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112395

S. Berkani , F. Mohellebi , L. Hamidatou , A. Guesmia

This study employs k₀-Neutron Activation Analysis (k₀-NAA) to characterize Algerian montmorillonite bentonites from the Roussel site, Hammam Boughrara (Maghnia), focusing on acid-activated clay's industrial potential. Raw bentonite underwent systematic preparation and acid activation using 0.25 M H₂SO₄, with treatments repeated twice. Elemental analysis revealed significant transformations: sodium content dramatically decreased from 1.71 % to 0.508 %, thorium levels dropped from 22.9 mg/kg to 12.0 mg/kg, and strontium reduced from 253 mg/kg to 180 mg/kg. Zinc concentration interestingly increased from 46.5 mg/kg to 52.7 mg/kg in the final treatment. The acid activation process effectively modified the clay's physicochemical properties, reducing derived metal concentrations and potentially enhancing its surface characteristics. The research demonstrates the clay's promising applications in environmental remediation, particularly for heavy metal ion removal from industrial wastewater. By providing a comprehensive elemental characterization, this study advances understanding of clay mineral modification and highlights the industrial relevance of locally sourced Algerian bentonites.

本研究采用k0-中子活化分析（k0-NAA）对来自hamam Boughrara (Maghnia) Roussel地区的阿尔及利亚蒙脱土膨润土进行了表征，重点研究了酸活化粘土的工业潜力。原料膨润土采用0.25 M H2SO4进行系统制备和酸活化，重复处理2次。元素分析显示了显著的变化：钠含量从1.71%急剧下降到0.508%，钍含量从22.9 mg/kg下降到12.0 mg/kg，锶从253 mg/kg下降到180 mg/kg。在最终处理中，锌浓度从46.5 mg/kg增加到52.7 mg/kg。酸活化过程有效地改变了粘土的物理化学性质，降低了衍生金属浓度，并有可能提高其表面特性。研究表明，该粘土在环境修复，特别是去除工业废水中的重金属离子方面具有广阔的应用前景。通过提供全面的元素表征，本研究促进了对粘土矿物改性的理解，并强调了当地采购的阿尔及利亚膨润土的工业相关性。

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引用次数: 0

Independent isomeric yield ratios of 131m,gTe and 133m,gTe in the quasi-mono-energetic neutron induced fission of 238U 238U准单能中子诱导裂变中131m、gTe和133m、gTe的独立同分异构体产率。

IF 1.8 3区工程技术 Q3 CHEMISTRY, INORGANIC & NUCLEAR

Applied Radiation and Isotopes

Pub Date : 2025-12-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112385

H. Naik , Meghna Karkera , Vibha Vansola , Santhi Sheela Yeraguntla , Mayur Mehta , S.V. Suryanarayana , R. Makwana

The independent isomeric yield ratios (IR) of fission products ^131m,gTe and ^133m,gTe in the 4.93, 6.61, 8.31 and 10.92 MeV quasi-mono-energetic neutron-induced fission of ²³⁸U have been measured by using an off-line gamma-ray spectrometric technique. The neutron beams were obtained from the ⁷Li(p, n) reaction with the proton energies of 7, 11, 15 and 18.8 MeV. From the IR values, the root mean square fragment angular momenta (J_RMS) were deduced by using spin dependent statistical model analysis. The role of excitation energy on the IR and J_RMS values of the considered fission products were examined in the fast neutron induced fission of ²³⁸U at different energy. The effect of nuclear structure was also discussed.

利用离线伽玛射线能谱技术测量了238U在4.93、6.61、8.31和10.92 MeV准单能中子诱导裂变过程中裂变产物131m、gTe和133m、gTe的独立同分异构体产率（IR）。从7Li（p, n）反应中获得的中子束，质子能量分别为7、11、15和18.8 MeV。利用自旋相关统计模型分析，从红外光谱值推导出碎片角动量（JRMS）。在快中子诱导的不同能量的238U裂变实验中，研究了激发能对所考虑的裂变产物IR和JRMS值的影响。讨论了核结构的影响。

引用次数: 0

Experimental study of incidence angle dependence of bremsstrahlung yield for x-rays generated by the collisions of 10–25 keV electrons with thick Pt (Z=78) target 10-25 keV电子与厚Pt （Z=78）靶碰撞产生的x射线轫致辐射产率的入射角依赖性实验研究

IF 1.8 3区工程技术 Q3 CHEMISTRY, INORGANIC & NUCLEAR

Applied Radiation and Isotopes

Pub Date : 2025-12-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112393

Kailash Verma , Bhupendra Singh , Suman Prajapati , Raj Singh , Rajneesh Kumar

New experimental measurements of bremsstrahlung (BS) yields (or BS probability density) for x-rays produced by impact of 10–25 keV electrons with thick Pt (Z = 78) target as a function of angle of incidence (α), angle of detection (θ) and impact energy are presented and discussed. These measurements are performed using a specific electron beam-target-detector geometry wherein the axes of electron beam, target and detector are kept mutually perpendicular to each other. The angle of incidence α was varied between 15° and 75°, while the corresponding detection angle θ changed in the range (90°-α). The experimental results have been normalized to the results of Monte Carlo (MC) all-purpose PENELOPE calculations at α = 45°. Different results of the double differential BS yield and its dependence on α at a specific impact energy and photon energy, as well as its dependence on impact energy at a specific α and photon energy are described. Comparison of experimental data of these measurements with those of corresponding simulation predictions are found to give satisfactory agreement within the total uncertainty of less than 7 %. Additionally, it is noted that the dependence of BS photon intensity of a given energy on incidence angle at a specific impact energy as well as on variation of impact energy at a given angle of incidence provides important parameters to understand the thick target BS dynamical processes involved in interaction of energetic electrons with a thick target.

提出并讨论了10-25 keV电子撞击厚Pt （Z = 78）靶所产生的x射线轫致辐射产率（或BS概率密度）与入射角（α）、探测角（θ）和冲击能的新实验测量值。这些测量是使用特定的电子束-目标-探测器几何结构进行的，其中电子束、目标和探测器的轴相互垂直。入射角α在15°~ 75°范围内变化，探测角θ在90°-α范围内变化。实验结果与蒙特卡罗（MC）在α = 45°时的通用PENELOPE计算结果归一化。描述了双微分BS产率的不同结果及其对特定冲击能量和光子能量α的依赖关系，以及对特定冲击能量α和光子能量的依赖关系。将这些测量的实验数据与相应的模拟预测数据进行比较，发现在总不确定度小于7%的范围内，两者的一致性令人满意。此外，本文还指出，给定能量的BS光子强度对特定冲击能量下的入射角的依赖关系以及对给定入射角下的冲击能量变化的依赖关系，为理解高能电子与厚靶相互作用中涉及的厚靶BS动力学过程提供了重要参数。

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引用次数: 0

Selective separation of 169Yb from proton-irradiated Tm2O3 targets using phosphonate-functionalized hybrid sorbents 磷酸盐功能化杂化吸附剂对质子辐照Tm2O3靶物中169Yb的选择性分离

IF 1.8 3区工程技术 Q3 CHEMISTRY, INORGANIC & NUCLEAR

Applied Radiation and Isotopes

Pub Date : 2025-12-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112392

Miho Otaki , Markus Nyman , Kerttuli Helariutta , Risto Koivula

The phosphonate-functionalized hybrid sorbent SG85-TTHMP was evaluated for its potential in the selective recovery of ¹⁶⁹Yb from irradiated Tm₂O₃ targets, with a focus on improving separation efficiency using complexing agents and tailored elution strategies. Batch experiments conducted under equimolar conditions of Tm³⁺ and Yb³⁺ at pH 3 yielded a modest Yb/Tm separation factor of 2.1–2.3. Post-loading elution with complexing agents facilitated the removal of excess Tm³⁺, and subsequent nitric acid stripping produced a more Yb-enriched solution fraction. This enrichment was further confirmed through fixed-bed column experiments with a solution derived from irradiated Tm₂O₃ targets of ¹⁶⁹Tm(p,n)¹⁶⁹Yb reaction, employing a loading–elution–stripping sequence that consistently yielded ¹⁶⁹Yb-enriched fractions. Tailored elution prior to acid stripping proved effective in enhancing overall enrichment performance. Combined with SG85-TTHMP's operational simplicity and environmental compatibility, these results support its potential utility in selective lanthanide separation for radiochemical applications.

研究了膦酸盐功能化杂化吸附剂SG85-TTHMP在从辐照Tm2O3靶中选择性回收169Yb方面的潜力，重点是使用络合剂和定制洗脱策略提高分离效率。在pH值为3的等摩尔条件下，Tm3+和Yb3+进行了批量实验，得到了适度的Yb/Tm分离因子2.1-2.3。负载后用络合剂洗脱有助于去除多余的Tm3+，随后的硝酸剥离产生了更富钇的溶液分数。通过固定床柱实验进一步证实了这种富集，该实验采用了由辐照的169Tm(p,n)169Yb反应的Tm2O3靶得到的溶液，采用加载-洗脱-剥离序列，始终产生富集169Yb的组分。在酸提之前进行量身定制的洗脱，可有效提高整体富集性能。结合SG85-TTHMP的操作简单性和环境兼容性，这些结果支持其在放射性化学应用中选择性镧系元素分离的潜在效用。

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引用次数: 0

Study of neutron efficiency and cross-talk effects through Monte Carlo simulations for a new neutron detector NArCoS 用蒙特卡罗模拟研究新型中子探测器NArCoS的中子效率和串扰效应。

IF 1.8 3区工程技术 Q3 CHEMISTRY, INORGANIC & NUCLEAR

Applied Radiation and Isotopes

Pub Date : 2025-12-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112386

L. Quattrocchi , B. Gnoffo , E.V. Pagano , F. Risitano , M. Trimarchi , G. Cardella , A. Castoldi , E. De Filippo , E. Geraci , C. Guazzoni , G. Lanzalone , C. Maiolino , N.S. Martorana , A. Pagano , S. Pirrone , G. Politi , F. Rizzo , P. Russotto , G. Santagati , C. Zagami

The simultaneous detection of neutrons and charged particles is an important goal for the present and future facilities delivering radioactive ion beams (RIBs), especially in the case of neutron-rich ones, to understand structure and dynamics of reactions between systems with high isospin asymmetry. The NArCoS project (Neutron Array for Correlation Studies) is aimed at studying and developing a new modular and versatile array devoted to detecting, at the same time, neutrons and charged particles both with high energy and angular resolution. Final detector prototype will be an array of 64 elementary cells of EJ-276G plastic scintillators, with a dimension of 3×3×3 cm³, individually read by a SiPM matrix. One of the main points of the present work is to evaluate cross-talk phenomena in different conditions. In this contribution the results about cross-talk probability and neutron detection efficiency, obtained using two different Monte Carlo simulation codes, GEANT4 and MCNPX, will be discussed. All these studies will allow to evaluate the better setup for NArCoS array in order to maximize neutrons detection efficiency and to minimize the cross-talk probability.

同时探测中子和带电粒子是当前和未来放射离子束（RIBs）设施的一个重要目标，特别是在中子丰富的情况下，以了解高同位旋不对称系统之间反应的结构和动力学。NArCoS项目（中子相关研究阵列）旨在研究和开发一种新的模块化和多功能阵列，用于同时探测具有高能量和角分辨率的中子和带电粒子。最终的探测器原型将是由EJ-276G塑料闪烁体组成的64个基本单元阵列，尺寸为3×3×3 cm3，由SiPM矩阵单独读取。本研究的重点之一是对不同条件下的相声现象进行评价。本文将讨论使用两个不同的蒙特卡罗模拟代码GEANT4和MCNPX获得的串扰概率和中子探测效率的结果。所有这些研究将有助于评估更好的NArCoS阵列设置，以最大限度地提高中子探测效率和最小化串扰概率。

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引用次数: 0

Determination of the 107Pd half-life 107Pd半衰期的测定。

IF 1.8 3区工程技术 Q3 CHEMISTRY, INORGANIC & NUCLEAR

Applied Radiation and Isotopes

Pub Date : 2025-12-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112382

Marina Faure , Majd Shmeit , Karsten Kossert , Hélène Isnard , Céline Gautier

Precise measurements of atomic concentration and activity were performed in the same sample to determine the half-life of ¹⁰⁷Pd. A pure ¹⁰⁷Pd-containing solution was obtained after the dissolution and chemical purification of concretions formed in the equipment of a reprocessing plant. The concentration of ¹⁰⁷Pd in the solution was measured by Multi-Collector Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS), associated with the isotope dilution technique. The activity of the solution was determined by Liquid Scintillation Counting (LSC) using both, the Triple to Double Coincidence Ratio (TDCR) and CIEMAT/NIST methods. These combined measurements resulted in a half-life of T_1/2 = (5.94 ± 0.07) × 10⁶ years with a coverage factor k of 1. The precision of the present measurement was improved by a factor of 2.5 in comparison to previous data.

在同一样品中进行了原子浓度和活度的精确测量，以确定107Pd的半衰期。对后处理设备中形成的结块进行溶解和化学净化，得到含107pd的纯溶液。采用多收集器电感耦合等离子体质谱法（MC-ICP-MS）结合同位素稀释技术测定溶液中107Pd的浓度。溶液的活度由液体闪烁计数（LSC）测定，使用三倍与双符合比（TDCR）和CIEMAT/NIST方法。这些综合测量结果的半衰期为T1/2 =（5.94±0.07）× 106年，覆盖因子k为1。与以前的数据相比，目前测量的精度提高了2.5倍。

引用次数: 0

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