Pub Date : 2025-12-20DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112390
Steven Carr, Crist N. Filer, Stephen D. Hurt
D-threo-chloramphenicol is an antibiotic discovered many decades ago. Although it has experienced limited use as a medicinal agent, D-threo-chloramphenicol has emerged as a valuable biochemical tool. In this work, the tritium labelling and characterization of D-threo-chloramphenicol are described.
d -三氯霉素是几十年前发现的一种抗生素。虽然d -三氯霉素作为药物的使用有限，但它已成为一种有价值的生化工具。本文介绍了d -三氯霉素的氚标记和表征。
{"title":"D-threo-chloramphenicol: tritium labelling at high specific activity","authors":"Steven Carr, Crist N. Filer, Stephen D. Hurt","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112390","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112390","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>D-<em>threo</em>-chloramphenicol is an antibiotic discovered many decades ago. Although it has experienced limited use as a medicinal agent, D-<em>threo</em>-chloramphenicol has emerged as a valuable biochemical tool. In this work, the tritium labelling and characterization of D-<em>threo</em>-chloramphenicol are described.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 112390"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145861842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-20DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112395
S. Berkani , F. Mohellebi , L. Hamidatou , A. Guesmia
This study employs k0-Neutron Activation Analysis (k0-NAA) to characterize Algerian montmorillonite bentonites from the Roussel site, Hammam Boughrara (Maghnia), focusing on acid-activated clay's industrial potential. Raw bentonite underwent systematic preparation and acid activation using 0.25 M H2SO4, with treatments repeated twice. Elemental analysis revealed significant transformations: sodium content dramatically decreased from 1.71 % to 0.508 %, thorium levels dropped from 22.9 mg/kg to 12.0 mg/kg, and strontium reduced from 253 mg/kg to 180 mg/kg. Zinc concentration interestingly increased from 46.5 mg/kg to 52.7 mg/kg in the final treatment. The acid activation process effectively modified the clay's physicochemical properties, reducing derived metal concentrations and potentially enhancing its surface characteristics. The research demonstrates the clay's promising applications in environmental remediation, particularly for heavy metal ion removal from industrial wastewater. By providing a comprehensive elemental characterization, this study advances understanding of clay mineral modification and highlights the industrial relevance of locally sourced Algerian bentonites.
{"title":"Comprehensive analysis of raw and treated Algerian bentonite via K0-NAA method and their industrial relevance","authors":"S. Berkani , F. Mohellebi , L. Hamidatou , A. Guesmia","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112395","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112395","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study employs k<sub>0</sub>-Neutron Activation Analysis (k<sub>0</sub>-NAA) to characterize Algerian montmorillonite bentonites from the Roussel site, Hammam Boughrara (Maghnia), focusing on acid-activated clay's industrial potential. Raw bentonite underwent systematic preparation and acid activation using 0.25 M H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>, with treatments repeated twice. Elemental analysis revealed significant transformations: sodium content dramatically decreased from 1.71 % to 0.508 %, thorium levels dropped from 22.9 mg/kg to 12.0 mg/kg, and strontium reduced from 253 mg/kg to 180 mg/kg. Zinc concentration interestingly increased from 46.5 mg/kg to 52.7 mg/kg in the final treatment. The acid activation process effectively modified the clay's physicochemical properties, reducing derived metal concentrations and potentially enhancing its surface characteristics. The research demonstrates the clay's promising applications in environmental remediation, particularly for heavy metal ion removal from industrial wastewater. By providing a comprehensive elemental characterization, this study advances understanding of clay mineral modification and highlights the industrial relevance of locally sourced Algerian bentonites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 112395"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145836726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The independent isomeric yield ratios (IR) of fission products 131m,gTe and 133m,gTe in the 4.93, 6.61, 8.31 and 10.92 MeV quasi-mono-energetic neutron-induced fission of 238U have been measured by using an off-line gamma-ray spectrometric technique. The neutron beams were obtained from the 7Li(p, n) reaction with the proton energies of 7, 11, 15 and 18.8 MeV. From the IR values, the root mean square fragment angular momenta (JRMS) were deduced by using spin dependent statistical model analysis. The role of excitation energy on the IR and JRMS values of the considered fission products were examined in the fast neutron induced fission of 238U at different energy. The effect of nuclear structure was also discussed.
{"title":"Independent isomeric yield ratios of 131m,gTe and 133m,gTe in the quasi-mono-energetic neutron induced fission of 238U","authors":"H. Naik , Meghna Karkera , Vibha Vansola , Santhi Sheela Yeraguntla , Mayur Mehta , S.V. Suryanarayana , R. Makwana","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112385","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112385","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The independent isomeric yield ratios (IR) of fission products <sup>131m,g</sup>Te and <sup>133m,g</sup>Te in the 4.93, 6.61, 8.31 and 10.92 MeV quasi-mono-energetic neutron-induced fission of <sup>238</sup>U have been measured by using an off-line gamma-ray spectrometric technique. The neutron beams were obtained from the <sup>7</sup>Li(p, n) reaction with the proton energies of 7, 11, 15 and 18.8 MeV. From the IR values, the root mean square fragment angular momenta (<em>J</em><sub><em>RMS</em></sub>) were deduced by using spin dependent statistical model analysis. The role of excitation energy on the IR and J<sub>RMS</sub> values of the considered fission products were examined in the fast neutron induced fission of <sup>238</sup>U at different energy. The effect of nuclear structure was also discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 112385"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145833031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
New experimental measurements of bremsstrahlung (BS) yields (or BS probability density) for x-rays produced by impact of 10–25 keV electrons with thick Pt (Z = 78) target as a function of angle of incidence (α), angle of detection (θ) and impact energy are presented and discussed. These measurements are performed using a specific electron beam-target-detector geometry wherein the axes of electron beam, target and detector are kept mutually perpendicular to each other. The angle of incidence α was varied between 15° and 75°, while the corresponding detection angle θ changed in the range (90°-α). The experimental results have been normalized to the results of Monte Carlo (MC) all-purpose PENELOPE calculations at α = 45°. Different results of the double differential BS yield and its dependence on α at a specific impact energy and photon energy, as well as its dependence on impact energy at a specific α and photon energy are described. Comparison of experimental data of these measurements with those of corresponding simulation predictions are found to give satisfactory agreement within the total uncertainty of less than 7 %. Additionally, it is noted that the dependence of BS photon intensity of a given energy on incidence angle at a specific impact energy as well as on variation of impact energy at a given angle of incidence provides important parameters to understand the thick target BS dynamical processes involved in interaction of energetic electrons with a thick target.
{"title":"Experimental study of incidence angle dependence of bremsstrahlung yield for x-rays generated by the collisions of 10–25 keV electrons with thick Pt (Z=78) target","authors":"Kailash Verma , Bhupendra Singh , Suman Prajapati , Raj Singh , Rajneesh Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112393","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112393","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>New experimental measurements of bremsstrahlung (BS) yields (or BS probability density) for x-rays produced by impact of 10–25 keV electrons with thick Pt (Z = 78) target as a function of angle of incidence (α), angle of detection (θ) and impact energy are presented and discussed. These measurements are performed using a specific electron beam-target-detector geometry wherein the axes of electron beam, target and detector are kept mutually perpendicular to each other. The angle of incidence α was varied between 15° and 75°, while the corresponding detection angle θ changed in the range (90°-α). The experimental results have been normalized to the results of Monte Carlo (MC) all-purpose PENELOPE calculations at α = 45°. Different results of the double differential BS yield and its dependence on α at a specific impact energy and photon energy, as well as its dependence on impact energy at a specific α and photon energy are described. Comparison of experimental data of these measurements with those of corresponding simulation predictions are found to give satisfactory agreement within the total uncertainty of less than 7 %. Additionally, it is noted that the dependence of BS photon intensity of a given energy on incidence angle at a specific impact energy as well as on variation of impact energy at a given angle of incidence provides important parameters to understand the thick target BS dynamical processes involved in interaction of energetic electrons with a thick target.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 112393"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145817491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-19DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112392
Miho Otaki , Markus Nyman , Kerttuli Helariutta , Risto Koivula
The phosphonate-functionalized hybrid sorbent SG85-TTHMP was evaluated for its potential in the selective recovery of 169Yb from irradiated Tm2O3 targets, with a focus on improving separation efficiency using complexing agents and tailored elution strategies. Batch experiments conducted under equimolar conditions of Tm3+ and Yb3+ at pH 3 yielded a modest Yb/Tm separation factor of 2.1–2.3. Post-loading elution with complexing agents facilitated the removal of excess Tm3+, and subsequent nitric acid stripping produced a more Yb-enriched solution fraction. This enrichment was further confirmed through fixed-bed column experiments with a solution derived from irradiated Tm2O3 targets of 169Tm(p,n)169Yb reaction, employing a loading–elution–stripping sequence that consistently yielded 169Yb-enriched fractions. Tailored elution prior to acid stripping proved effective in enhancing overall enrichment performance. Combined with SG85-TTHMP's operational simplicity and environmental compatibility, these results support its potential utility in selective lanthanide separation for radiochemical applications.
{"title":"Selective separation of 169Yb from proton-irradiated Tm2O3 targets using phosphonate-functionalized hybrid sorbents","authors":"Miho Otaki , Markus Nyman , Kerttuli Helariutta , Risto Koivula","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112392","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112392","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The phosphonate-functionalized hybrid sorbent SG85-TTHMP was evaluated for its potential in the selective recovery of <sup>169</sup>Yb from irradiated Tm<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> targets, with a focus on improving separation efficiency using complexing agents and tailored elution strategies. Batch experiments conducted under equimolar conditions of Tm<sup>3+</sup> and Yb<sup>3+</sup> at pH 3 yielded a modest Yb/Tm separation factor of 2.1–2.3. Post-loading elution with complexing agents facilitated the removal of excess Tm<sup>3+</sup>, and subsequent nitric acid stripping produced a more Yb-enriched solution fraction. This enrichment was further confirmed through fixed-bed column experiments with a solution derived from irradiated Tm<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> targets of <sup>169</sup>Tm(p,n)<sup>169</sup>Yb reaction, employing a loading–elution–stripping sequence that consistently yielded <sup>169</sup>Yb-enriched fractions. Tailored elution prior to acid stripping proved effective in enhancing overall enrichment performance. Combined with SG85-TTHMP's operational simplicity and environmental compatibility, these results support its potential utility in selective lanthanide separation for radiochemical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 112392"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145832572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-19DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112386
L. Quattrocchi , B. Gnoffo , E.V. Pagano , F. Risitano , M. Trimarchi , G. Cardella , A. Castoldi , E. De Filippo , E. Geraci , C. Guazzoni , G. Lanzalone , C. Maiolino , N.S. Martorana , A. Pagano , S. Pirrone , G. Politi , F. Rizzo , P. Russotto , G. Santagati , C. Zagami
The simultaneous detection of neutrons and charged particles is an important goal for the present and future facilities delivering radioactive ion beams (RIBs), especially in the case of neutron-rich ones, to understand structure and dynamics of reactions between systems with high isospin asymmetry. The NArCoS project (Neutron Array for Correlation Studies) is aimed at studying and developing a new modular and versatile array devoted to detecting, at the same time, neutrons and charged particles both with high energy and angular resolution. Final detector prototype will be an array of 64 elementary cells of EJ-276G plastic scintillators, with a dimension of 3×3×3 cm3, individually read by a SiPM matrix. One of the main points of the present work is to evaluate cross-talk phenomena in different conditions. In this contribution the results about cross-talk probability and neutron detection efficiency, obtained using two different Monte Carlo simulation codes, GEANT4 and MCNPX, will be discussed. All these studies will allow to evaluate the better setup for NArCoS array in order to maximize neutrons detection efficiency and to minimize the cross-talk probability.
{"title":"Study of neutron efficiency and cross-talk effects through Monte Carlo simulations for a new neutron detector NArCoS","authors":"L. Quattrocchi , B. Gnoffo , E.V. Pagano , F. Risitano , M. Trimarchi , G. Cardella , A. Castoldi , E. De Filippo , E. Geraci , C. Guazzoni , G. Lanzalone , C. Maiolino , N.S. Martorana , A. Pagano , S. Pirrone , G. Politi , F. Rizzo , P. Russotto , G. Santagati , C. Zagami","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112386","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112386","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The simultaneous detection of neutrons and charged particles is an important goal for the present and future facilities delivering radioactive ion beams (RIBs), especially in the case of neutron-rich ones, to understand structure and dynamics of reactions between systems with high isospin asymmetry. The NArCoS project (Neutron Array for Correlation Studies) is aimed at studying and developing a new modular and versatile array devoted to detecting, at the same time, neutrons and charged particles both with high energy and angular resolution. Final detector prototype will be an array of 64 elementary cells of EJ-276G plastic scintillators, with a dimension of 3×3×3 cm<sup>3</sup>, individually read by a SiPM matrix. One of the main points of the present work is to evaluate cross-talk phenomena in different conditions. In this contribution the results about cross-talk probability and neutron detection efficiency, obtained using two different Monte Carlo simulation codes, GEANT4 and MCNPX, will be discussed. All these studies will allow to evaluate the better setup for NArCoS array in order to maximize neutrons detection efficiency and to minimize the cross-talk probability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 112386"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145909766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Precise measurements of atomic concentration and activity were performed in the same sample to determine the half-life of 107Pd. A pure 107Pd-containing solution was obtained after the dissolution and chemical purification of concretions formed in the equipment of a reprocessing plant. The concentration of 107Pd in the solution was measured by Multi-Collector Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS), associated with the isotope dilution technique. The activity of the solution was determined by Liquid Scintillation Counting (LSC) using both, the Triple to Double Coincidence Ratio (TDCR) and CIEMAT/NIST methods. These combined measurements resulted in a half-life of T1/2 = (5.94 ± 0.07) × 106 years with a coverage factor k of 1. The precision of the present measurement was improved by a factor of 2.5 in comparison to previous data.
{"title":"Determination of the 107Pd half-life","authors":"Marina Faure , Majd Shmeit , Karsten Kossert , Hélène Isnard , Céline Gautier","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112382","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112382","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Precise measurements of atomic concentration and activity were performed in the same sample to determine the half-life of <sup>107</sup>Pd. A pure <sup>107</sup>Pd-containing solution was obtained after the dissolution and chemical purification of concretions formed in the equipment of a reprocessing plant. The concentration of <sup>107</sup>Pd in the solution was measured by Multi-Collector Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS), associated with the isotope dilution technique. The activity of the solution was determined by Liquid Scintillation Counting (LSC) using both, the Triple to Double Coincidence Ratio (TDCR) and CIEMAT/NIST methods. These combined measurements resulted in a half-life of <em>T</em><sub>1/2</sub> = (5.94 ± 0.07) × 10<sup>6</sup> years with a coverage factor <em>k</em> of 1. The precision of the present measurement was improved by a factor of 2.5 in comparison to previous data.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 112382"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145817436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-18DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112383
Yasser B. Saddeek , G. Abd elfadeel , M.A. Albedah , A.A. Showahy
Environmentally friendly lead-free CeO2-Al2O3-CuO borosilicate glasses were investigated by focusing on the Ce K-edge to enhance low-energy gamma-ray attenuation (15–60 keV). Five glass compositions with the nominal formula 60 B2O3 – 5 Al2O3 – 5 CeO2 - (30-x) SiO2 – x CuO (20 ≤ x ≤ 30 mol%) were synthesised via the melt-quenching method, and their structure was analysed via FTIR and SEM techniques. The mechanical properties were computed using the bond-compression and Makishima-Mackenzie models. Radiation shielding parameters (MAC, LAC, HVL, TVL, Zeff, Neff) were calculated using Phy-X/PSD over the energy range 0.015–15 MeV. XRD results revealed the amorphous nature of the prepared samples, while FTIR showed a transition from BO4 to BO3 units as CuO content increased. Density increment from 3.628 to 4.006 g/cm3, and Young's modulus increased from 29.7 (bond-compression model) to 56.4 (Makishima-Mackenzie model) GPa. The mass attenuation coefficient ranged from 25.32 cm2/g at 15 keV (30 mol% CuO) to 0.02 cm2/g at 15 MeV. The Ce K-edge at 40.4 keV significantly improved radiation blocking in the 40–60 keV diagnostic range, achieving over 99 % protection below 60 keV. A comparison with literature data reveals that the investigated glasses are non-toxic and suitable than lead- and bismuth-based shields in the diagnostic X-ray range, where the Ce K-edge effect offers notable benefits.
{"title":"Radiation shielding and structural characteristics of CeO2-CuO borosilicate glasses: Role of Ce K-edge in low-energy gamma−attenuation","authors":"Yasser B. Saddeek , G. Abd elfadeel , M.A. Albedah , A.A. Showahy","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112383","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112383","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Environmentally friendly lead-free CeO<sub>2</sub>-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-CuO borosilicate glasses were investigated by focusing on the Ce K-edge to enhance low-energy gamma-ray attenuation (15–60 keV). Five glass compositions with the nominal formula 60 B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> – 5 Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> – 5 CeO<sub>2</sub> - (30-x) SiO<sub>2</sub> – x CuO (20 ≤ x ≤ 30 mol%) were synthesised via the melt-quenching method, and their structure was analysed via FTIR and SEM techniques. The mechanical properties were computed using the bond-compression and Makishima-Mackenzie models. Radiation shielding parameters (MAC, LAC, HVL, TVL, Z<sub>eff</sub>, N<sub>eff</sub>) were calculated using Phy-X/PSD over the energy range 0.015–15 MeV. XRD results revealed the amorphous nature of the prepared samples, while FTIR showed a transition from BO<sub>4</sub> to BO<sub>3</sub> units as CuO content increased. Density increment from 3.628 to 4.006 g/cm<sup>3</sup>, and Young's modulus increased from 29.7 (bond-compression model) to 56.4 (Makishima-Mackenzie model) GPa. The mass attenuation coefficient ranged from 25.32 cm<sup>2</sup>/g at 15 keV (30 mol% CuO) to 0.02 cm<sup>2</sup>/g at 15 MeV. The Ce K-edge at 40.4 keV significantly improved radiation blocking in the 40–60 keV diagnostic range, achieving over 99 % protection below 60 keV. A comparison with literature data reveals that the investigated glasses are non-toxic and suitable than lead- and bismuth-based shields in the diagnostic X-ray range, where the Ce K-edge effect offers notable benefits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 112383"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145817439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-18DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112389
Mohammad A. Imheidat , M.H.A. Mhareb , Feras Alnaimat , Nuriyah M. Aloufi , Ghaseb N. Makhadmeh , Amani Alsaeedi , Maram Alnakhli , Shahad Alboqmi
This work optimized the mechanical, structural, optical and radiation shielding features of a heavy borosilicate glass system by doping with varying concentrations of Nd2O3. The glass network was characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, which confirmed the integration of B2O3 and SiO2 functional groups. The addition of Nd2O3 significantly improved the mechanical properties as assessed by the Makishima-Mackenzie model; the packing density and Young's modulus rose from 0.560 to 0.615 and 69.611–77.346 GPa, respectively. Additionally, radiation shielding capabilities were enhanced across the energy range of 0.03082–0.3839 MeV, as simulated by the Phy-X software. The linear attenuation coefficient at 0.3839 MeV increased from 0.968 to 1.025 cm−1, and the fast neutron removal cross section improved from 0.103 to 0.113 cm−1. These findings unequivocally show that using Nd2O3 instead of Bi2O3 is a very successful method for creating better multipurpose radiation shielding glasses.
{"title":"The optimization of the mechanical, optical, structural, and shielding features of the heavy borosilicate glass system: Role of adding Nd2O3","authors":"Mohammad A. Imheidat , M.H.A. Mhareb , Feras Alnaimat , Nuriyah M. Aloufi , Ghaseb N. Makhadmeh , Amani Alsaeedi , Maram Alnakhli , Shahad Alboqmi","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112389","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112389","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work optimized the mechanical, structural, optical and radiation shielding features of a heavy borosilicate glass system by doping with varying concentrations of Nd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>. The glass network was characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, which confirmed the integration of B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and SiO<sub>2</sub> functional groups. The addition of Nd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> significantly improved the mechanical properties as assessed by the Makishima-Mackenzie model; the packing density and Young's modulus rose from 0.560 to 0.615 and 69.611–77.346 GPa, respectively. Additionally, radiation shielding capabilities were enhanced across the energy range of 0.03082–0.3839 MeV, as simulated by the Phy-X software. The linear attenuation coefficient at 0.3839 MeV increased from 0.968 to 1.025 cm<sup>−1</sup>, and the fast neutron removal cross section improved from 0.103 to 0.113 cm<sup>−1</sup>. These findings unequivocally show that using Nd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> instead of Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> is a very successful method for creating better multipurpose radiation shielding glasses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 112389"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145817402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-18DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112384
Doan Thi Truc Quynh , Tran Nhat Nam , Vo Diep Trung Tin , Le Duc Toan , Nguyen Thanh Dat , Huynh Dinh Chuong , Hoang Duc Tam
In this study, we propose an approach for the determination of solution concentration using a low-energy photon beam of 59.54 keV emitted from a241Am source. This study aims to develop a rapid, non-destructive method for measuring the concentration of various solutions, including acids, bases, and salts. The proposed approach is based on the principle of the attenuation of gamma photon beam intensity as it traverses matter. Following this approach, we first establish a calibration curve, which is accomplished using Monte Carlo simulation. Then, a prototype of the measurement system, consisting of a NaI(Tl) detector, an 241Am radioactive source, and a solution container, was fabricated to measure the concentration of acid, base, and salt solutions. The experimental measurements are conducted by allowing the photon beam to pass through solutions and recorded by a NaI(Tl) detector. The results obtained indicate that the proposed approach can applied to measure the concentration of salt, acid, and base solutions which yields a relative deviation between the measured concentration and the reference concentration of mostly under 9 %. The observed concentration uncertainty for most of measurements is below 7 %, except for low-concentration solutions, where the uncertainty ranges from 9 % to 12 %. The findings from this study provide a different approach using low-energy gamma photon beams in determining the concentration of solution.
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