Applied Radiation and Isotopes最新文献

英文中文

Corrigendum to "Typical effective dose values from diagnostic and interventional radiology" [Appl. Radiat. Isot. 192 (2023) 110611]. “诊断和介入放射学的典型有效剂量值”的勘误表。Radiat。iso . 192(2023) 110611]。

IF 1.8 3区工程技术 Q3 CHEMISTRY, INORGANIC & NUCLEAR

Applied Radiation and Isotopes

Pub Date : 2026-03-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2026.112543

Nada A Ahmed

引用次数: 0

3D absorbed dose distribution in a self-shielded portable gamma irradiator (SVHI-Co-60-T): MCNPX Monte Carlo Code validated by radial dosimetry. 自屏蔽便携式伽马辐照仪（SVHI-Co-60-T）的三维吸收剂量分布：经放射剂量学验证的MCNPX蒙特卡罗代码。

IF 1.8 3区工程技术 Q3 CHEMISTRY, INORGANIC & NUCLEAR

Applied Radiation and Isotopes

Pub Date : 2026-03-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2026.112553

Z Alizadeh G, S Ashrafi, M R Ghahramani

Accurate determination of the absorbed dose distribution D_abs is essential for optimizing the efficiency and safety of industrial gamma irradiation facilities. Prior studies on the SVHI-Co-60-T portable ⁶⁰Co irradiator were limited to central axis measurements due to physical constraints, leaving the critical radial and angular dose profiles unvalidated. This work aimed to develop a three-dimensional (3D) dose map for the chamber using the MCNPX Monte Carlo code and to perform a experimental validation at different radii and selected heights and angular position. A novel mechanical dosimetry system was designed and implemented to overcome existing physical constraints, enabling experimental radial dose measurements at multiple heights and angles using Clear Perspex and RadixW dosimeters. The MCNPX Monte Carlo Code results showed excellent agreement with experimental measurements, exhibiting a maximum Relative Difference (RD) of less than 7% across all validation points. The full 3D dose mapping revealed that the maximum dose rate occurs near the wall (5.9kGy/h) in the source region, while shifting to the chamber center in the end regions (Z=±5cm). Product loading (black-eye pea) was found to reduce the absorbed dose rate by an average of 16% compared to the empty state, significantly weakening dose uniformity, particularly near the chamber center. The overall Dose Uniformity Ratio (DUR=D_max/D_min) was determined to be 1.35 (empty) and 1.37 (full), with an exceptionally uniform core region (DUR≈1.04) between R=±5cm andZ=±10cm. The validated MCNPX Monte Carlo Code and the comprehensive dose map provide crucial data for optimizing product loading strategies, maximizing efficiency, and ensuring rigorous dose control in this specific large-volume facility.

准确测定吸收剂量分布对于优化工业伽马辐照设施的效率和安全性至关重要。由于物理限制，先前对SVHI-Co-60-T便携式60Co辐照器的研究仅限于中心轴测量，导致临界径向和角剂量分布未得到验证。本工作旨在利用MCNPX蒙特卡罗代码建立一个三维（3D）剂量图，并在不同半径和选择的高度和角度位置进行实验验证。为了克服现有的物理限制，设计并实现了一种新型的机械剂量测量系统，使用Clear Perspex和RadixW剂量计可以在多个高度和角度进行实验辐射剂量测量。MCNPX蒙特卡罗代码结果与实验测量结果非常吻合，在所有验证点上显示出小于7%的最大相对差（RD）。全三维剂量图显示，最大剂量率出现在源区壁面附近（5.9kGy/h），而在端区（Z=±5cm）向腔室中心转移。结果发现，与空状态相比，产品负载（黑眼豆）使吸收剂量率平均降低16%，显著削弱了剂量均匀性，特别是在腔室中心附近。总体剂量均匀比（DUR=Dmax/Dmin）分别为1.35（空）和1.37（满），在R=±5cm和z =±10cm之间有异常均匀的核心区（DUR≈1.04）。经过验证的MCNPX蒙特卡罗代码和综合剂量图为优化产品装载策略、最大化效率和确保严格的剂量控制提供了关键数据。

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引用次数: 0

Application of a spectral unmixing algorithm for airborne gamma-ray measurements. 光谱分解算法在机载伽玛射线测量中的应用。

IF 1.8 3区工程技术 Q3 CHEMISTRY, INORGANIC & NUCLEAR

Applied Radiation and Isotopes

Pub Date : 2026-03-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2026.112541

C P Mano, L Patryl, H Paradis, F Carrel

This paper presents the application of a full-spectrum analysis method called spectral unmixing for gamma on-board measurements. The method's sensitivity is evaluated through experiments involving various radioactive sources, under challenging conditions such as low signal-to-noise ratios and moving sources. The results are then compared with both an algorithm developed by the CEA/DAM and currently used in operational conditions and the commercial software Genie2000®. Subsequently, spectral unmixing is applied to aerial measurement data. Finally, the study assesses and compares the method's sensitivity and its robustness against false positive alarms with an operational reference algorithm.

本文介绍了一种称为光谱解混的全光谱分析方法在机载伽马测量中的应用。通过涉及各种放射源的实验，在具有挑战性的条件下，如低信噪比和移动源，评估了该方法的灵敏度。然后将结果与CEA/DAM开发的算法和目前在操作条件下使用的算法以及商业软件Genie2000®进行比较。随后，将光谱解混应用于航空测量数据。最后，研究评估和比较了该方法对误报报警的灵敏度和鲁棒性，并与一种可操作参考算法进行了比较。

引用次数: 0

Gamma ray interaction studies on light-weight, eco-friendly PVA-based composites using construction waste materials as fillers 以建筑垃圾为填料的轻质环保聚乙烯醇基复合材料的伽马射线相互作用研究。

IF 1.8 3区工程技术 Q3 CHEMISTRY, INORGANIC & NUCLEAR

Applied Radiation and Isotopes

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112356

Ashwitha Chikkegowda , Adarsh Raj Lingaraj , Vaishnavi Narayan , Sankarshan Belur Mohan , Sannathammegowda Krishnaveni

The search for alternatives to toxic lead-based shielding materials is vital for sustainable radiation protection. This study investigates polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composites reinforced with recycled eco-friendly fillers: granite, glass, and redmud as substitutes for conventional gamma-ray shields. Shielding parameters, including Linear and Mass attenuation coefficients (μ, μ/ρ), Half value layer (HVL), Tenth value layer (TVL), Mean free path (λ), and Effective atomic number (Z_eff), were measured for composites with 10–40 wt% filler concentrations using gamma energies from 511 to 1332 keV. Experimental results closely matched theoretical values determined from XCOM and AutoZeff softwares. The findings show that increasing filler concentrations lead to an increase in μ, μ/ρ, and Z_eff, whereas decrease in HVL, TVL, and λ for all three PVA composites. The maximum value of μ/ρ i.e., 0.090, 0.089, and 0.082 cm²/g is observed at 511 keV, and Z_eff i.e., 10.068, 8.527 and 7.988 at 1332 keV for 40 wt% filler concentration for PVA - Granite, PVA-Glass and PVA-Redmud, respectively. Furthermore, among the composites, PVA–granite exhibited the highest μ (0.28 cm⁻¹), μ/ρ (0.09 cm²/g), and Z_eff (10.07), along with the lowest HVL (2.50 cm), TVL (8.31 cm), and λ (3.61 cm) values at 40 wt% for a given energy. These results highlight that PVA–granite acts as a relatively better shielding composite and serves as a promising, lightweight, flexible, and eco-friendly alternative for radiation shielding in medical, nuclear, and aerospace applications.

寻找有毒铅基屏蔽材料的替代品对可持续辐射防护至关重要。本研究研究了聚乙烯醇（PVA）复合材料，用回收的环保填料增强：花岗岩、玻璃和赤泥作为传统伽马射线屏蔽的替代品。利用511 ~ 1332 keV的γ能量，测量了填料浓度为10 ~ 40wt %的复合材料的屏蔽参数，包括线性和质量衰减系数（μ, μ/ρ）、半值层（HVL）、十值层（TVL）、平均自由程（λ）和有效原子序数（Zeff）。实验结果与XCOM和AutoZeff软件计算的理论值非常吻合。结果表明，填料浓度的增加导致复合材料的μ、μ/ρ和Zeff增加，而HVL、TVL和λ减小。PVA- Granite、PVA- glass和PVA- redmud的μ/ρ在511 keV时最大值分别为0.090、0.089和0.082 cm2/g，当填料浓度为40 wt%时，Zeff在1332 keV时分别为10.068、8.527和7.988。此外，在复合材料中，pva -花岗岩表现出最高的μ (0.28 cm-1)、μ/ρ (0.09 cm2/g)和Zeff(10.07)，以及最低的HVL （2.50 cm）、TVL （8.31 cm）和λ (3.61 cm)值。这些结果突出表明，pva -花岗岩作为一种相对更好的屏蔽复合材料，在医疗、核和航空航天应用中是一种有前途的、轻量级的、灵活的、环保的辐射屏蔽替代品。

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引用次数: 0

Independent isomeric yield ratios of 131m,gTe and 133m,gTe in the quasi-mono-energetic neutron induced fission of 238U 238U准单能中子诱导裂变中131m、gTe和133m、gTe的独立同分异构体产率。

IF 1.8 3区工程技术 Q3 CHEMISTRY, INORGANIC & NUCLEAR

Applied Radiation and Isotopes

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112385

H. Naik , Meghna Karkera , Vibha Vansola , Santhi Sheela Yeraguntla , Mayur Mehta , S.V. Suryanarayana , R. Makwana

The independent isomeric yield ratios (IR) of fission products ^131m,gTe and ^133m,gTe in the 4.93, 6.61, 8.31 and 10.92 MeV quasi-mono-energetic neutron-induced fission of ²³⁸U have been measured by using an off-line gamma-ray spectrometric technique. The neutron beams were obtained from the ⁷Li(p, n) reaction with the proton energies of 7, 11, 15 and 18.8 MeV. From the IR values, the root mean square fragment angular momenta (J_RMS) were deduced by using spin dependent statistical model analysis. The role of excitation energy on the IR and J_RMS values of the considered fission products were examined in the fast neutron induced fission of ²³⁸U at different energy. The effect of nuclear structure was also discussed.

利用离线伽玛射线能谱技术测量了238U在4.93、6.61、8.31和10.92 MeV准单能中子诱导裂变过程中裂变产物131m、gTe和133m、gTe的独立同分异构体产率（IR）。从7Li（p, n）反应中获得的中子束，质子能量分别为7、11、15和18.8 MeV。利用自旋相关统计模型分析，从红外光谱值推导出碎片角动量（JRMS）。在快中子诱导的不同能量的238U裂变实验中，研究了激发能对所考虑的裂变产物IR和JRMS值的影响。讨论了核结构的影响。

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of the effect of adding BaO and CaO for gamma shielding and optical properties of borate glasses 添加BaO和CaO对硼酸盐玻璃的屏蔽和光学性能影响的评价。

IF 1.8 3区工程技术 Q3 CHEMISTRY, INORGANIC & NUCLEAR

Applied Radiation and Isotopes

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112410

M.I. Sayyed , Yasser Maghrbi , Aljawhara H. Almuqrin , Shrikant Biradar , Siti Nurasiah Mat Nawi , Mayeen Uddin Khandaker

Three borate-based glass samples with compositions of xBaO-15Na₂O-10Al₂O₃-(70–2x)B₂O₃-(x+5)CaO (x = 5, 10, and 15 mol%) were fabricated through the melt-quenching route for the assessment of their structure, optical features, and radiation shielding efficiency. FTIR spectra revealed the coexistence of BO₃ and BO₄ structural units, whose relative proportions varied with increasing BaO and CaO content. Increasing the BaO and CaO fractions led to a redshift in the UV–Visible spectra, reflecting a higher degree of structural distortion in the borate glass framework. Both direct and indirect optical band gaps showed a decreasing trend (3.804 ± 0.01 to 3.028 ± 0.01 eV and 3.387 ± 0.01 to 2.807 ± 0.01 eV, respectively), attributed to the increased presence of non-bridging oxygens. The observed rise in Urbach energy (0.241 ± 0.001 to 0.346 ± 0.001 eV) suggests an increase in defect concentration and network disorder. Radiation shielding performance was assessed across 0.015–15 MeV, revealing that the linear attenuation coefficient (LAC) decreased with photon energy but increased with BaO content, reaching 67.034 cm⁻¹ at 0.015 MeV for the Ba15Ca20 sample. The effective atomic number (Z_eff) varied with energy and composition, attaining maximum values of 23.52, 29.98, and 33.88 for Ba5Ca10, Ba10Ca15, and Ba15Ca20 glasses, respectively, at 0.015 MeV. The half-value layer (HVL) values of the prepared glasses were consistently lower than those of previously reported BaO-SiO₂-B₂O₃ systems, confirming superior attenuation efficiency. The results show that the developed glass system demonstrates excellent potential for multifunctional optical and radiation shielding purposes, such as medical radiation shields, nuclear waste containment materials, and transparent shielding windows in nuclear facilities.

采用熔淬法制备了xbao - 15na20 - 10al2o3 -(70-2x)B2O3-(x+5)CaO （x = 5、10和15 mol%）三种硼酸盐基玻璃样品，对其结构、光学特性和辐射屏蔽效率进行了评价。FTIR光谱显示BO3和BO4结构单元共存，其相对比例随BaO和CaO含量的增加而变化。增加BaO和CaO的分数导致紫外可见光谱中的红移，反映了硼酸盐玻璃框架中更高程度的结构畸变。直接光学带隙和间接光学带隙均呈减小趋势（分别为3.804±0.01 ~ 3.028±0.01 eV和3.387±0.01 ~ 2.807±0.01 eV），这是由于非桥接氧的存在增加所致。Urbach能从0.241±0.001上升到0.346±0.001 eV，表明缺陷浓度增加，网络无序。在0.015 MeV ~ 15 MeV范围内对Ba15Ca20样品的辐射屏蔽性能进行了评估，发现线性衰减系数（LAC）随光子能量的增加而减小，随BaO含量的增加而增大，在0.015 MeV时达到67.034 cm-1。有效原子序数（Zeff）随能量和成分的变化而变化，在0.015 MeV下，Ba5Ca10、Ba10Ca15和Ba15Ca20玻璃的最大值分别为23.52、29.98和33.88。制备的玻璃的半值层（HVL）值始终低于先前报道的BaO-SiO2-B2O3体系，证实了优越的衰减效率。结果表明，所研制的玻璃系统在多功能光学和辐射屏蔽方面具有良好的潜力，如医疗辐射屏蔽、核废料密封材料和核设施的透明屏蔽窗。

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引用次数: 0

Activity standardization and determination of the half-life of Tb-161 Tb-161的活度标准化及半衰期测定

IF 1.8 3区工程技术 Q3 CHEMISTRY, INORGANIC & NUCLEAR

Applied Radiation and Isotopes

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2026.112420

N. Lisowska, J. Marganiec-Gałązka, M. Czudek, A. Kamiński, E. Kołakowska, E. Lech, A. Listkowska, D. Pawlak, P. Saganowski, Z. Tymiński

Terbium-161 is widely researched as a candidate for applications in nuclear medicine, creating an urgent need for precise activity determinations and accurate nuclear data. In this work, the activity of Tb-161 was measured using three LSC methods - 4πβ-γ-coincidence counting, TDCR and CIEMAT-NIST, giving consistent results. The half-life of the radionuclide was determined in a measurement campaign performed over approximately 42 days using two TDCR systems. The obtained result of 6.9618(18) days validates the recently reported values in literature data and confirms that the half-life of Tb-161 is higher than the currently recommended value of 6.89(2) days (Reich, 2011).

铽-161作为核医学应用的候选物被广泛研究，迫切需要精确的活性测定和准确的核数据。本文采用4πβ-γ-符合计数、TDCR和CIEMAT-NIST三种LSC方法测定了Tb-161的活性，结果一致。放射性核素的半衰期是在使用两个TDCR系统进行的大约42天的测量活动中确定的。得到的6.9618（18）天的结果验证了最近文献数据中报道的数值，证实了Tb-161的半衰期高于目前推荐的6.89(2)天（Reich, 2011）。

引用次数: 0

Low dose hyper-radiosensitivity as an intervention strategy to enhance 177Lu-iPSMA treatment in LNCaP cells 低剂量超放射敏感性作为干预策略增强177Lu-iPSMA对LNCaP细胞的治疗

IF 1.8 3区工程技术 Q3 CHEMISTRY, INORGANIC & NUCLEAR

Applied Radiation and Isotopes

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112360

Consuelo Letechipia-de León , Erika Patricia Azorín-Vega , Valeria Areli Cabral-Venegas , David Ordaz-Rosado , Fabiola Herrera-García

Low dose induced hyper-radiosensitivity refers to the acquired sensitivity to ionizing radiation due to the exposure to radiation doses <1Gy. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate whether induction of the hyper-radiosensitivity phenomenon in prostate cancer cells could improve the outcome of ¹⁷⁷Lu-iPSMA therapy. Reduction in viability, loss of clonal expansion capacity and decrease of LNCaP prostate cancer cells survival by the promotion of cell apoptosis, is enhanced by gamma irradiation at doses of less than 1 Gy (⁶⁰Co Gammacell 220 system, 0.24 Gy/min) prior to administration of the targeted radiopharmaceutical. Analysis of survival curves, showed that 0.50 Gy is the predose that improved the TRT therapeutic effect. Pre-irradiation significantly reduced the LNCaP α⁄β ratio from 4.65 to 1.38 in LNCaP cells that received a¹⁷⁷Lu-iPSMA absorbed radiation dose to the nucleus between 2 and 10 Gy.

低剂量诱导的超辐射敏感性是指由于暴露于1Gy的辐射剂量下而获得的对电离辐射的敏感性。因此，本研究的目的是评估诱导前列腺癌细胞的超放射敏感现象是否可以改善177Lu-iPSMA治疗的结果。在给予靶向放射性药物之前，小于1 Gy （60Co Gammacell 220系统，0.24 Gy/min）的γ射线照射可增强LNCaP前列腺癌细胞的生存能力降低、克隆扩增能力丧失和通过促进细胞凋亡而降低LNCaP细胞的存活。生存曲线分析显示，0.50 Gy为提高TRT治疗效果的前剂量。在2 ~ 10 Gy的LNCaP细胞中，接受a177Lu-iPSMA吸收辐射剂量的LNCaP细胞，辐照前LNCaP α / β比值从4.65降低到1.38。

引用次数: 0

Impact of ZnO on the dielectric, optical and γ-ray shielding characteristics of TeO2–Bi2O3– B2O3 glasses ZnO对TeO2-Bi2O3- B2O3玻璃介电、光学和γ射线屏蔽特性的影响

IF 1.8 3区工程技术 Q3 CHEMISTRY, INORGANIC & NUCLEAR

Applied Radiation and Isotopes

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112355

Sami Ullah , Anwar Manzoor Rana , Kainat Sindhu , Javed Ahmad , Maryam Hina , M.I. Sayyed

The zinc-tellurium-bismuth-borate glass system has been synthesized, and its physical, optical, dielectric, and radiation attenuation properties have been investigated. Experimental outcomes reveal that density and bandgap energy express an increasing trend with increasing ZnO content in these glasses. DC conductivity discloses space-charge-limited conduction behavior, which changes to Ohmic conduction with increasing ZnO concentration. AC conductivity also depicts changing behavior from ionic to hopping conduction of charge carriers with rising ZnO content in these glasses. The MAC values demonstrate a rising trend from 46.38 cm²/g to 56.73 cm²/g, while HVL and mean free path reveal a reduction from 3.477 cm to 2.885 cm and from 5.016 cm to 4.162 cm, respectively, as the ZnO content in these glasses increases. The BZBT6 glass exhibits radiation shielding characteristics comparable to those of commercially available lead-containing glass (RS-520) and appears to be suitable as a gamma-radiation shield at intermediate energies.

合成了锌-碲-铋-硼酸盐玻璃体系，并对其物理、光学、介电和辐射衰减性能进行了研究。实验结果表明，随着ZnO含量的增加，玻璃的密度和带隙能量呈增加趋势。直流电导率表现出空间电荷限制导电行为，随着ZnO浓度的增加而转变为欧姆导电。交流电导率还描述了随着氧化锌含量的增加，载流子从离子传导到跳变传导的行为。随着ZnO含量的增加，MAC值从46.38 cm2/g上升到56.73 cm2/g， HVL和平均自由程分别从3.477 cm下降到2.885 cm和5.016 cm下降到4.162 cm。BZBT6玻璃具有与市售含铅玻璃（RS-520）相当的辐射屏蔽特性，似乎适合作为中等能量的伽马辐射屏蔽。

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引用次数: 0

Radiation shielding, mechanical and structural properties of TiO2-Doped photopolymer composites fabricated via DLP 3D printing DLP 3D打印制备tio2掺杂光聚合物复合材料的辐射屏蔽、力学和结构性能

IF 1.8 3区工程技术 Q3 CHEMISTRY, INORGANIC & NUCLEAR

Applied Radiation and Isotopes

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112368

Yusuf Kavun , Nuran Çelikçi , Süleyman Kerli

This study investigated the structural, physical, and radiation shielding properties of TiO₂-doped photopolymer composites fabricated via Digital Light Processing (DLP) 3D printing. Leveraging the high resolution and design flexibility of DLP, TiO₂, a high-Z and non-toxic ceramic, was incorporated into a polyurethane acrylate resin at concentrations of 0 %, 0.020 %, 0.062 %, and 0.180 %. The composites were characterized by SEM, FTIR, XRD, TG-DTG, mechanical testing, contact angle and chemical resistance analyses. Results showed that TiO₂ enhanced compressive strength at higher concentrations, though tensile ductility decreased due to the rigidifying effect of the additive. Contact angle studies confirmed superhydrophobic behavior (contact angles >170°) for all composites, with the highest hydrophobicity at the maximum TiO₂ content. Furthermore, chemical resistance evaluations revealed excellent stability against acidic, basic, and aromatic medium. Gamma shielding performance was systematically assessed using NaI(Tl) detectors and multiple gamma sources. As a result of the measurements, Linear Attenuation Coefficient (LAC), which is the amount of absorption per unit thickness, Mass Attenuation Coefficient (MAC), Half and Tenth Value Layers (HVL)(TVL), and Mean Free Path (MFP) parameters were calculated. According to the MAC results, the MAC value increased to 0.0605 cm²/g for the pure resin at 81 keV gamma energy and to 0.0748 cm²/g when the TiO₂ content was increased by 0.180 %. As can be seen from these results, the increase in TiO₂ positively impacted radiation shielding properties. Overall, this study demonstrates the applicability of DLP 3D printing to design advanced polymer-based composites with structural, surface, and shielding properties specifically designed for next-generation protective systems.

本研究研究了通过数字光处理（DLP） 3D打印制备的tio2掺杂光聚合物复合材料的结构、物理和辐射屏蔽性能。利用DLP的高分辨率和设计灵活性，TiO2（一种高z无毒陶瓷）以0%、0.020%、0.062%和0.180%的浓度掺入聚氨酯丙烯酸酯树脂中。采用SEM、FTIR、XRD、TG-DTG、力学测试、接触角分析和耐化学性分析对复合材料进行了表征。结果表明，TiO2浓度越高，抗压强度越强，但拉伸延展性因添加剂的刚性作用而降低。接触角研究证实了所有复合材料的超疏水行为（接触角>；170°），在TiO2含量最大时疏水性最高。此外，耐化学性评价显示其对酸性、碱性和芳香介质具有良好的稳定性。利用NaI（Tl）探测器和多个伽玛源系统地评估了伽玛屏蔽性能。根据测量结果，计算了线性衰减系数（LAC），即单位厚度的吸收量，质量衰减系数（MAC），半和十值层（HVL）（TVL）和平均自由程（MFP）参数。结果表明，当γ能量为81 keV时，纯树脂的MAC值增加到0.0605 cm2/g；当TiO2含量增加0.180%时，MAC值增加到0.0748 cm2/g。从这些结果可以看出，TiO2的增加正影响辐射屏蔽性能。总的来说，这项研究证明了DLP 3D打印在设计先进的聚合物基复合材料方面的适用性，这些复合材料具有结构、表面和屏蔽性能，专门为下一代保护系统设计。

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