APCBEE Procedia最新文献

The objective of this study is to determine the dominance impact of environmental factors such as illuminance, humidity and temperature on worker productivity by Taguchi Method. A study was conducted under simulated environment factor which examined were the illuminance, humidity and temperature of the surrounding workstation area in the closed simulation lab. A set of representative data including the illuminance, humidity and temperature level and production rate were collected during the study. The production rate data were collected through observations and survey questionnaires while the illuminance, humidity and temperature level measured by valid apparatus and equipment. The Taguchi method was utilized to find the sequence of dominant factors that contributed to the productivity of the operator at that specified production workstation. The study reveals that the dominant factor that contributed to the productivity was temperature followed by illuminance and relative humidity.

Controlled release fertilizer (CRF) play an important role in nutrient loss prevention and plant's uptake efficiency. This study uses a multi-diffusion model to simulate urea release from urea fertilizers coated with polyurethane-like coating (PULC). In this model, finite element method (FEM) and 2D geometry are applied for three sizes of urea granule using COMSOL Multiphysics software. Modeling results are in agreement with the experimental data for the “constant release” stage. Standard error of estimate (SEE) ranges from 0.00417 to 0.02084 in these simulations. Besides, relationship of coating thickness with release time and percent of urea released at the end of “constant release” stage has also been established.

This study aimed to investigate the farm-retail price transmission for the livestock industry in Thailand employing monthly data from 2002 to 2012. Using the Engle-Granger two step approach, the study confirmed that farmgate prices were cointegrated with retail prices in the poultry and swine industry. Consequently, an asymmetric error correction model (AECM) was used to test for asymmetric price transmission between farmgate and retail prices of chicken and pork. Results show that the pork industry, which is focused on supplying domestic consumption and has heavy export restrictions, is characterized by positive asymmetric price transmission whereas the poultry industry, which is highly export-oriented, is characterized by symmetric price transmission. This suggests that the export-oriented nature of the poultry market has linked Thailand's domestic market with the international market. This has led to an increase in market competition, allowing for increases and decreases of farmgate prices to be equally transmitted to retail prices of chicken.

The tetracoordinated organophosphorous compound (4 - Chlorophenyl 4 - methyl phenyl Chlorophosphate, 1) were synthesized, characterized and nucleophilic substitution reaction (pyridinolysis) were investigated in acetonitrile at 5.0^oC by varying substituents in nucleophiles. The reactivity is expressed in terms of second-order rate constant, k2 and measured conductometrically. Physical organic chemistry tools mainly Hammett (ρ), Brönsted (β) Linear Free Energy Relationship (LFER) coefficients being determined in quest for the mechanistic information by comparing pyridinolysis of structurally similar organophosphorous compounds reported earlier. Nice linear correlation being found for Hammett (logk₂ vs σx) and Brönsted (logk₂ vs pK_a(x)) plots. In the light of the reported results the LFER obtained for 1 with negative value of the ρ_X, −5.78 and large positive value for β_X, 1.17 can be interpreted as S_N2 process, with greater extent of bond formation in TS of 1.

In 2010 a project entitled “Integrated Support System for Management and Protection of Water Dam Reservoir (ZiZOZap)” was initiated, to aid solving water management problems on a river and dam reservoir formed on it. An innovative system of continuous monitoring was created, that encompassed selected physical and chemical parameters of river and lake waters in three chosen sites. This article presents a selection of results, that were obtained thanks to the continuous monitoring. In particular, monitoring of parameters with high diurnal variability benefits from this measurement design. Sites that are essential for water management are recommended to be monitored in this way.

This study presents the preparation of tungsten trioxide (WO₃) nanoparticles by acidic precipitation using sodium tungstate as a precursor. Composite synthesis was selected among various modification methods to investigate catalytic activity improvement. WO3:polyaniline (PANI) nanocomposites with different weight ratios were prepared. The synthesized nanocomposites were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis–differential thermal analysis, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Results revealed the successful preparation of WO₃: PANI nanocomposites. These nanocomposites exhibit higher thermal stability compared with PANI, indicating a satisfactory interaction between WO₃ and PANI. The synthesized nanocomposites are being evaluated for their catalytic activity.

The callipyge locus has been localized in the telomeric region on ovine chromosome 18, within a cluster of imprinted genes. In this study were collected blood samples from 124 Lori sheep. Genomic DNA was extracted from blood sample. Gel monitoring and spectrophotometer methods were used to determination quality and quantity of DNA. FaqI enzyme was used for restricting of PCR products. Digested products were separated by electrophoresis on 2% agarose gel and visualized after staining with ethidium bromide on UV transillumination. The PCR product (426 bp) was digested by restriction endonucleases FaqI. The FaqI digestion of the PCR products produced digestion fragments of 395, 278, 117 and 31 bp. Data analysis was done using PopGen32 software. There was no difference between digestion patterns and all sampled animals displayed AA genotype. As such, three 278, 117 and 31 bp amplified fragments from enzyme digestion were observed for all animals, indicating that the total population of sheep was monomorphic for CLPG gene.

This research aimed to study the ammoniation-fermentation technology based on palm plantations waste in increasing productivity of Pampangan Buffalo. Research used a Latin Square Design (RBSL) 4 X 4. The treatment consists of A = Grass+Concentrates, B = Grass+Palm Fiber+Concentrates, C = Grass+Ammoniation Palm Fiber+Concentrates, D = Grass+Ammoniation-Fermentation Palm Fiber+Concentrate. The observed variables were consumption of dry matter, crude protein, TDN, digestibility of (dry matters, organic matter, crude protein, and crude fiber), and body weights. The research showed that treatment using ammoniation-fermentation technology (EM-4 and urea) not significantly effected (P>0.05) consumption of dry matter, crude protein, TDN, digestibility of (dry matters, organic matter, and crude fiber), and body weights, but significantly effected (P< 0.05) digestibility of crude protein. It was concluded that the addition of urea and EM-4 through the amoniation-fermentation process were relatively equal over the consumption, digestibility, and body weight gain of Pampangan Buffalo.

India is the world's leading ship recycling country which works on the principle of waste to wealth. In this paper an attempt has been made to articluate the Ecological Engineering, Industrial Ecology and Eco-Industrial Networking aspects which are embedded in beaching method of ship recycling in Alang, India. There is a need to promote such activities for sustainalbe growth, but, it is equally true that, if ship recycling is conducted haphazardly with very little scientific and technical knowledge, it will expose workers to hazardous conduitions as well as would leave disproportionately large environmental footprint behind. In this context, Gujarat Maritime Board (GMB), Government of Gujarat, India has initiated many projects to defend human and environmental health. In India, already impressive positive changes can be seen as the GMB has set training and welfare institute and its efforts resulted in decrease of fatal accidents from 2.0 per 1000 workers to 0.13 per 1000 workers i.e. 93.5% decrease in the fatal accidents from the year 2003 to 2011 in the ship recycling yards. Present status of ship recycling in India is substantial. The overall trend of the industry is towards following more and more Health Safety & Environment (HSE) norms and has commitments with them. Zero accidents and near zero pollution to the surrounding environment should be the ultimate goal of beaching method of recycling in India to handle pile of end-of-life ships in environmentally sound manner - which are expected to reach ship recycling yards in near future.

Pollinators are crucial in agricultural crop production as a large variety of crops including horticultural and vegetable crops depend essentially on insect pollination. Unfortunately over the past decades, the pollinator population in the agricultural system has declined across the globe due to over use of synthetic chemical pesticides. Disruption of ecosystem service provided by pollinators due to pollinator decline in chemical intensive cropping systems has assumed a global dimension. This paper addresses how farming practices and designs affect the diversity of pollinators. In this study the relationship between pollinator density and brinjal (Solanum melongena, Fam. Solanacae) productivity was evaluated in a chemical intensive vegetable cropping system in North 24 Parganas, West Bengal, India (hot sub-humid to humid eco-region; Lat 22°22’ 26, N Lon 88°21’ 26 E). By comparing pollinator density and fruit set between ecological farm and chemical intensive farm, it was investigated whether pesticide application affects pollinator visitation and in such a scenario what was the impact on brinjal production. Visitation rate of pollinators (butterflies and bees) was significantly higher in ecological farm as compared to the conventional farm (Mann Whitney U test, p < 0.001).