Aquatic Botany最新文献_第4页

Assessing the response of Halimeda incrassata to temperature and light to predict its spread in the NE Atlantic 评估海棠对温度和光照的反应以预测其在东北大西洋的扩散

IF 2.6 4区生物学 Q2 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Botany

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquabot.2025.103968

Belén Roger-Baynat, Marta Sansón, Daniel Álvarez-Canali, Carlos Sangil

In recent decades, many species of tropical distribution have arrived in the Canary Islands due to tropicalization and direct and indirect anthropogenic activity. This is the case of the Caribbean seaweed Halimeda incrassata (Bryopsidales, Chlorophyta) that began to be detected in the eastern Atlantic in 2005 and is now found in the Canary Islands, Madeira, Azores, and the Mediterranean. In this study, an ex-situ experimental approach was carried out to assess the thermal and light tolerance of the species to understand its preferences and predict its expansion. Three experiments were performed, testing temperature and light individually and their interaction. The variables measured were thallus growth (percentage of surface area and increase of number of segments) and net photosynthesis. Results indicate that temperature is the most limiting factor to its growth, with higher temperatures being the most favorable (26–28ºC), while light intensity has a more negligible effect on the species. Consequently, H. incrassata could expand latitudinally until 40ºN, where temperature is over 20ºC for at least several months over the year. As an ecosystem engineer it can modify the environment and the communities where it is established, it is expected to compete with native species such as seagrasses, other macroalgae and garden eel. Further experiments, including acidification conditions and in-situ monitoring, should also be considered to complete the information on its growth limits.

近几十年来，由于热带化和直接或间接的人为活动，许多热带分布的物种已经到达加那利群岛。这就是2005年在东大西洋发现的加勒比海带halimmeda incrassata（苔藓藻类，绿藻）的例子，现在在加那利群岛、马德拉群岛、亚速尔群岛和地中海都有发现。本研究采用迁地实验方法评估了该物种的耐热性和耐光性，以了解其偏好并预测其扩展。进行了三个实验，分别测试了温度和光及其相互作用。测量的变量是菌体生长（表面积百分比和片段数增加）和净光合作用。结果表明，温度是其生长的最大限制因素，较高的温度（26 ~ 28℃）对其生长最有利，而光照强度对其生长的影响可以忽略不计。因此，H. incrassata可以向纬度扩展到40ºN，在那里一年中至少有几个月的温度超过20ºC。作为一种生态系统工程师，它可以改变环境和它所建立的群落，预计它将与海草、其他大型藻类和花园鳗鱼等本地物种竞争。还应考虑进一步的实验，包括酸化条件和现场监测，以完善关于其生长极限的资料。

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引用次数: 0

Megaspore germination and sporophyte emergence requirements in the critically endangered endemic quillwort Isoëtes malinverniana 极度濒危特有刺茅Isoëtes的大孢子萌发和孢子体出苗需求

IF 2.6 4区生物学 Q2 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Botany

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquabot.2025.103965

Abeli Thomas, Bacchetta Alice, Basilico Flavio, Berardo Pietro, Colli Alice, Colonna Ginevra, Pastor Bini Alessandra Balbina, Ruzzoli Alessia, Tucci Martina, Vesconi Giovanna Angela, Vitaloni Diana, Tarascio Martina

Isoëtes malinverniana is a critically endangered quillwort endemic to north-western Italy. Although some aspects of its reproductive biology are well known, megaspore and sporophyte germination ecology have never been studied in detail. In this study, we investigate and clarify the thermal requirements for megaspore germination and sporophyte emergence in I. malinverniana. We tested the effect of five constant temperatures (10, 15, 20, 25, 30 °C) and one alternating temperature (25/15 °C) on megaspore germination and sporophyte emergence in I. malinverniana. Moreover, we tested the effect of light and dark on megaspore germination and, the species self-compatibility and apomictic reproduction. Our results suggest that the optimal temperatures for megaspore germination and sporophyte emergence were 20 °C and 25/15 °C, reaching approximately 80 % germination at these temperatures after eight weeks. Spore germination did not occur at 10 °C and decreased at temperatures above 25 °C. Germination and emergence speed were also positively related to temperature. Megaspore and sporophyte of I. malinverniana germinated and emerged in the dark, but at a lower percentage than in full light. Our study suggests that I. malinverniana is self-compatible and cannot reproduce apomictically.

Isoëtes malinverniana是意大利西北部特有的一种极度濒危的刺茅。虽然其生殖生物学的某些方面是众所周知的，但大孢子和孢子萌发生态学从未被详细研究过。在本研究中，我们调查和阐明了马林菊大孢子萌发和孢子萌发的热需求。研究了5种恒温（10、15、20、25、30°C）和1种交变温度（25/15°C）对马林菊大孢子萌发和孢子体出苗的影响。此外，我们还测试了光照和黑暗对大孢子萌发的影响，以及物种自交亲和性和无分裂生殖的影响。结果表明，大孢子萌发和孢子萌发的最佳温度分别为20℃和25/15℃，8周后萌发率约为80% %。孢子在10°C时不萌发，在25°C以上时萌发减少。发芽率和出苗率也与温度呈正相关。大孢子和孢子体在黑暗条件下萌发出芽，但在光照条件下萌发出芽的比例较低。我们的研究表明，马林菊是自亲和的，不能进行非杂交繁殖。

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引用次数: 0

Phenotypic and genetic variation of Najas marina and Najas major in the south-eastern Baltic region 波罗的海东南部地区marina和major Najas的表型和遗传变异

IF 2.6 4区生物学 Q2 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Botany

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquabot.2025.103971

L. Kamaitytė-Bukelskienė , Z. Sinkevičienė , D. Naugžemys , J. Butkuvienė

The present study examined the phenotypic and genetic differences between Najas marina L. s.s. and Najas major All. in the south-eastern Baltic region, testing reliable diagnostic markers. The key questions included species distribution patterns, the most distinctive morphological traits, the impact of ecological conditions on morphology, and the effectiveness of ISSR markers in evaluating genetic diversity and structure. The results were contrasted with those obtained from ITS and rbcL markers. We highlighted the potential and limitations of diagnostic tools used for by integrating morphological and molecular methods, and environmental data. Samples for the study were collected from diverse aquatic habitats in Lithuania, Latvia, and Poland, chosen based on herbarium data and literature. Morphological measurements and DNA extraction were performed using the freshly collected samples. Results show that morphological markers, specifically leaf widths, have significant diagnostic value for distinguishing Najas marina from Najas major. Therefore, assist in environmental management planning and ecological assessments as easy to use marker. Our results also show that ISSR markers produce distinct population structures confirming clear separation between Najas marina and Najas major, and underscoring the interspecific plasticity potentially related to specific environmental factors across sites. We confirmed that, currently, two species of the subgenus Najas coexist in separate waterbodies within the south-eastern Baltic region. We also argue that morphological markers are usually adequate for these species when considering morphological plasticity due to environmental properties. However, the use of barcoding markers or markers such as PCR ISSR are preferable when both species are growing sympatrically.

本文研究了Najas marina L. s.s s和Najas major All的表型和遗传差异。在波罗的海东南部地区，检测可靠的诊断标记物。关键问题包括物种分布格局、最显著的形态特征、生态条件对形态的影响以及ISSR标记在评价遗传多样性和结构方面的有效性。结果与ITS和rbcL标记进行对比。我们强调了通过整合形态学和分子方法以及环境数据所使用的诊断工具的潜力和局限性。该研究的样本是从立陶宛、拉脱维亚和波兰不同的水生栖息地收集的，根据植物标本馆的数据和文献选择。使用新采集的样品进行形态学测量和DNA提取。结果表明，形态标记，特别是叶片宽度，对区分小红花和大红花具有重要的诊断价值。因此，辅助环境管理规划和生态评价成为易于使用的标志。我们的研究结果还表明，ISSR标记产生了不同的种群结构，证实了Najas marina和Najas major之间的明显分离，并强调了种间可塑性可能与不同地点的特定环境因素有关。我们证实，目前在波罗的海东南部地区的不同水体中共存着两种Najas亚属。我们还认为，当考虑到由于环境特性造成的形态可塑性时，形态标记通常足以用于这些物种。然而，当两种植物共生生长时，使用条形码标记或PCR ISSR等标记是可取的。

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引用次数: 0

Obituary: Researcher and expert advisor Søren Wium-Andersen (1941–2025) 讣告：研究员和专家顾问Søren Wium-Andersen （1941-2025）

IF 2.6 4区生物学 Q2 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Botany

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquabot.2025.103952

Kaj Sand-Jensen, Jens Borum

引用次数: 0

Factors influencing seed germination and seedling establishment of the threatened seagrass, Zostera caespitosa: Implications for seed-based restoration 受威胁海草Zostera caespitosa种子萌发和幼苗建立的影响因素：种子恢复的启示

IF 2.6 4区生物学 Q2 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Botany

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquabot.2025.103951

Dahyeok Im , Seung Hyeon Kim , Fei Zhang , Zhaxi Suonan , Hyegwang Kim , Young Kyun Kim , Hwi-June Song , Min Ho Son , Kun-Seop Lee

The seagrass Zostera caespitosa is undergoing a notable decline within its native range along the Northeast Asian coast. We examined the effects of the seed source population, salinity (0, 15, and 30 psu), and temperature (5 and 20 °C) on germination rate and subsequent seedling growth under both field and controlled laboratory conditions to assess the potential for seed-based restoration. Seeds collected from Tongyeong (TY seeds) were larger than those from Jangmok Bay (JM seeds), resulting in an increased germination rate; however, seed size did not influence subsequent seedling growth. In the laboratory experiment, the optimal conditions for seed germination (15 psu and 5 °C) differed from those for seedling growth (15 psu and 20 °C), for both seed sources. In the field experiment, the seedling density from TY seeds was significantly higher than that from JM seeds during the first three months following germination, with no significant difference by the end of the experiment. These results suggest that additional environmental or biotic factors, such as competition and herbivory, strongly influenced seedling growth and successful establishment. Overall, our findings provide essential insights into the sexual reproduction of Z. caespitosa for seed-based restoration efforts and contribute to increasing public awareness of the conservation and management of this threatened species.

在东北亚海岸的原生地，海草Zostera caespitosa数量正在显著减少。在野外和实验室控制条件下，研究了种子源种群、盐度（0、15和30 psu）和温度（5和20°C）对发芽率和随后幼苗生长的影响，以评估种子恢复的潜力。统营的种子（TY）比长木湾的种子（JM）大，发芽率高；然而，种子大小不影响随后的幼苗生长。在室内实验中，两种种子源的种子萌发最佳条件（15 psu和5°C）与幼苗生长最佳条件（15 psu和20°C）不同。在田间试验中，TY种子萌发后前3个月的幼苗密度显著高于JM种子，试验结束时差异不显著。这些结果表明，其他环境或生物因素，如竞争和草食，强烈影响幼苗的生长和成功建立。总的来说，我们的研究结果为以种子为基础的恢复工作提供了重要的见解，并有助于提高公众对这一濒危物种的保护和管理意识。

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引用次数: 0

Genetically verified mass material of Lemna in temperate East Europe: frequent L. minor – L. × japonica co-occurrence and new records of L. gibba and L. turionifera 东欧温带地区羊草属的遗传确证物质：小羊草与日本羊草的频繁共生和长臂猿羊草与turionifera羊草的新记录

IF 2.6 4区生物学 Q2 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Botany

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquabot.2025.103950

Polina A. Volkova , Maria O. Ivanova , Lina G. Matieva , Alexander A. Bobrov

Native representatives of the economically important genus Lemna in Europe belong to the taxonomically problematic L. minor complex (in addition to well-distinguishable L. trisulca). Distribution of the taxa from this complex in East Europe and their diagnostic characters are still unclear. We explored 41 waterbodies in the model area of ca. 30 km² in Yaroslavl Region (Russia). We genetically verified (second intron length polymorphism in β-tubulin nuclear gene) taxonomic identity of 175 plants (2–10 plants per site). Lemna minor was the most frequent; either alone (20 sites), or together with L. × japonica (17 sites). In one site we found only L. × japonica. We have not found difference of the type, pH and mineralization of waterbodies with or without L. × japonica . Our quantitative data on mass live material of L. minor and L. × japonica did not support the existence of differences between them on the main diagnostic characters (color and shape of the fronds and sizes of papules on their upper side). We provided the first genetic documentation of L. gibba and L. turionifera occurrence in the region, extending their verified areas. We found flowering Lemna spp. with fully fertile pollen in 12 (29 %) waterbodies of all available types. For the first time we managed to verify genetically taxonomic affiliation of plants, flowering in nature (L. minor and L. × japonica). All genetically tested fruiting plants appeared to be L. minor.

在欧洲具有重要经济意义的Lemna属的本地代表属于分类学上有问题的L. minor复群（除了易于区分的L. trisulca）。该复合体的分类群在东欧的分布及其诊断特征尚不清楚。我们在雅罗斯拉夫尔州（俄罗斯）约30 平方公里的模型区内探索了41个水体。对175株植物（每个位点2 ~ 10株）的分类特性进行了遗传验证（β-微管蛋白核基因第二内含子长度多态性）。小莱姆纳是最常见的；单独（20个位点）或与L. × japonica一起（17个位点）。其中一个地点只发现了L. × japonica。我们没有发现含有或不含有黄颡鱼 的水体的类型、pH和矿化度有差异。我们的大量活体材料的定量数据不支持它们在主要诊断特征（叶的颜色和形状以及上部丘疹的大小）上存在差异。我们首次提供了长臂猿和turionifera在该地区发生的遗传文献，扩大了它们的验证区域。我们在所有可用类型的12个水体中（29% %）发现了有花的Lemna属具有完全可育花粉。首次验证了自然界开花植物（L. minor和L. × japonica）在遗传分类上的亲缘关系。所有经过基因测试的结果植物似乎都是小乳杆菌。

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引用次数: 0

Transcriptome analysis of the red marine alga Gracilaria vermiculophylla grown under different light intensities 不同光强下生长的红海藻龙尾藻转录组分析

IF 2.6 4区生物学 Q2 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Botany

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquabot.2025.103949

Takuya Kandori, Hiroyuki Mizuta, Toshiki Uji

Light plays a vital role in seaweed growth by regulating photosynthesis and signaling metabolic processes. In natural habitats, seaweeds are exposed to fluctuating light conditions caused by environmental factors such as weather and tidal changes. Although the effects of light intensity on red algal growth have been studied physiologically, the underlying gene expression patterns remain poorly understood. Here, we examined the effect of light intensity on the growth of the economically important red alga Gracilaria vermiculophylla. Growth was markedly enhanced under high-light (HL) conditions compared with low-light (LL) conditions. To investigate the molecular basis of this enhanced growth, we performed transcriptome profiling using RNA-Seq. A total of 593 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between LL and HL. Among these, genes associated with nitrogen and carbon metabolism (e.g., nitrate reductase, ammonium transporter, and carbonic anhydrase) as well as β-glucanase, potentially involved in cell wall remodeling, were upregulated under HL. These findings provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying light-enhanced growth in red macroalgae. The identified genes represent promising molecular targets for genetic engineering and may contribute to the development of strategies to enhance red algal productivity in aquaculture.

光通过调节光合作用和信号代谢过程在海藻生长中起着至关重要的作用。在自然生境中，海藻暴露在由天气和潮汐变化等环境因素引起的波动光照条件下。虽然光强度对红藻生长的影响已经从生理学上进行了研究，但潜在的基因表达模式仍然知之甚少。在这里，我们研究了光强对经济上重要的红藻紫菜生长的影响。与弱光（LL）相比，高光（HL）条件下的生长明显加快。为了研究这种增强生长的分子基础，我们使用RNA-Seq进行了转录组分析。在LL和HL之间共鉴定出593个差异表达基因（DEGs）。其中，与氮和碳代谢相关的基因（如硝酸盐还原酶、铵转运蛋白和碳酸酐酶）以及可能参与细胞壁重塑的β-葡聚糖酶在HL下上调。这些发现为红藻光增强生长的分子机制提供了新的见解。所鉴定的基因为基因工程提供了有希望的分子靶点，并可能有助于制定提高水产养殖中红藻产量的策略。

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引用次数: 0

Comparative analysis of the photosynthetic ecophysiology of Myriophyllum aquaticum and congeneric milfoils and invasion potential into the Midwestern United States 水生肉豆蔻与同属肉豆蔻光合生理生态的比较分析及其在美国中西部的入侵潜力

IF 2.6 4区生物学 Q2 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Botany

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquabot.2025.103953

Alyssa J. Anderson, Ryan M. Wersal, Christopher T. Ruhland

Parrotfeather (Myriophyllum aquaticum (Vell.) Verdc.) is a heterophyllous, perennial aquatic invasive plant. Since parrotfeather’s arrival in the U.S. in the late 1800s, there is yet to be wide-spread establishment in the Midwestern United States (Midwest). The current study utilized pulse amplitude modulated chlorophyll fluorescence and gas exchange analyses to determine if there is a physiological mechanism that limits parrotfeather colonization in the Midwest. Fluorescence parameters were taken at water temperatures between 0 and 45°C, and gas exchange measurements were examined at 4, 25 and 35°C. The photosynthetic ecophysiology of parrotfeather was compared to Eurasian watermilfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum L.) and a hybrid strain of watermilfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum x Myriophyllum sibiricum) as the latter two plants are widespread throughout the Midwest. The ratio of variable to maximal fluorescence (F_v/F_m) in emergent and submerged parrotfeather averaged 0.80 and 0.65, respectively, at temperatures between 0 and 35°C and declined at > 40°C. In addition, light-adapted quantum yield of photosystem II (ϕ_PSII) was lowest at temperatures between 0 and 10°C and 40–45°C in submersed leaves. Net photosynthetic rates were highest at 25°C for emergent and submerged parrotfeather and averaged 8.83 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹ and 0.00107 μmol g⁻¹ s⁻¹ FW, respectively. Carbon assimilation rates in submersed parrotfeather were significantly lower than those observed in the Eurasian and hybrid milfoils. Lastly, the light compensation points were consistently lower in submersed parrotfeather than the other milfoils with values ≤ 55 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹ at 4°C and 25°C. Based on current photosynthetic ecophysiology data, these species of Myriophyllum maintain positive photosynthetic rates at temperatures near 4°C.

鹦鹉羽毛（肉豆蔻）是一种多年生异叶水生入侵植物。自从鹦鹉羽毛在19世纪末到达美国以来，在美国中西部还没有广泛的建立。目前的研究利用脉冲振幅调制叶绿素荧光和气体交换分析来确定是否存在限制鹦鹉羽毛在中西部定居的生理机制。在0到45°C的水温下测量荧光参数，在4、25和35°C的温度下检测气体交换测量。由于后两种植物广泛分布于中西部地区，因此将鹦鹉羽毛的光合生理生态特性与欧亚水仙（Myriophyllum spicatum L.）和水仙（Myriophyllum spicatum x Myriophyllum sibiricum）的杂交菌株进行了比较。在0 ~ 35°C温度范围内，潜水鹦鹉羽毛的可变荧光与最大荧光之比（Fv/Fm）平均为0.80和0.65，在>； 40°C温度范围内下降。此外，浸泡叶片在0 ~ 10℃和40 ~ 45℃的温度下，光系统II的光适应量子产率最低。在25°C时，水浸鹦鹉的净光合速率最高，平均分别为8.83 μmol m−2 s−1和0.00107 μmol g−1 s−1 FW。潜水鹦鹉羽毛的碳同化速率显著低于欧亚和杂交百翼。最后，在4°C和25°C条件下，沉鹦鹉羽毛的光补偿点均低于其他膜，值≤ 55 μmol m−2 s−1。根据目前的光合生理生态数据，这些肉豆蔻植物在接近4°C的温度下保持正光合速率。

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引用次数: 0

Application of ABA and kinetin on the aquatic carnivorous plant Aldrovanda vesiculosa affects the morphology and phytohormone profiles in shoot apices ABA和动素对水生食肉植物水仙花茎尖形态和植物激素分布的影响

IF 2.6 4区生物学 Q2 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Botany

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquabot.2025.103942

Lubomír Adamec , Lenka Plačková , Dardan Klos , Karel Doležal

Aldrovanda vesiculosa is a rootless aquatic carnivorous plant forming turions (winter buds) as specific overwintering organs containing high abscisic acid (ABA) content. The high ABA content has the key role in regulating turion formation and maintaining turion dormancy. Here, we compared hormonal profiles (cytokinins, auxins, ABA) in shoot apices in A. vesiculosa grown in mini aquaria in a greenhouse at the end of the summer season after a 2-day priming with ABA (2 µM) and ABA together with an artificial cytokinin kinetin (KIN, 20 µM), to find out their effects and interactions on turion formation and morphology. During the next 11 days (without added hormones), the ABA application gently boosted the turion development but the rapid apical shoot growth was not influenced. The shoot apices were narrower and more condensed. The ABA+KIN application almost ceased the apical growth and retarded the turion development. Shoot apices were robust and wide. Turion development may thus interfere with apical shoot growth. The application of ABA alone did not significantly change the contents of cytokinins, auxins or ABA in shoot apices, but +ABA+KIN significantly decreased the total and active endogenous cytokinins and increased the ABA content threefold compared to the control. Thus, both added hormones affected the developing turions in a similar way which is known and expected in dormant organs of terrestrial plants. These results suggest that the coordination between ABA and cytokinins might be crucial for hormonal regulation of the onset of turion dormancy and turion development in aquatic plants.

水草是一种无根的水生食肉植物，其特有的越冬器官为冬芽，具有较高的ABA含量。高ABA含量在调节鱼鳞形成和维持鱼鳞休眠中起着关键作用。在此，我们比较了夏末在温室迷你水族箱中生长的水仙花茎尖的激素（细胞分裂素、生长素、ABA），并在ABA（2 µM）和ABA与人工细胞分裂素（KIN, 20 µM）的作用下，研究了它们对水仙花形成和形态的影响和相互作用。在随后的11 d内（未添加激素），外源ABA的施用对斑马鱼的生长有轻微的促进作用，但对斑马鱼根尖的快速生长没有影响。茎尖更窄，更紧凑。ABA+KIN的施用几乎使其顶端生长停止，扭转发育迟缓。茎尖粗壮而宽。因此，Turion的发育可能会干扰顶芽的生长。单独施用ABA对茎尖细胞分裂素、生长素和ABA含量没有显著影响，但与对照相比，+ABA+KIN显著降低了总内源细胞分裂素和活性细胞分裂素，使ABA含量增加了3倍。因此，这两种添加的激素以类似的方式影响发育中的旋转体，这在陆地植物的休眠器官中是已知和预期的。这些结果表明，ABA和细胞分裂素之间的协同作用可能是水生植物中激素调控鱼鞘休眠和发育的关键。

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引用次数: 0

Comparative studies of invasive Elodea canadensis Michx. in two climatically different regions 侵袭性加拿大弧菌的比较研究。在两个气候不同的地区

IF 2.6 4区生物学 Q2 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Botany

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquabot.2025.103944

Mariana Prokopuk , Lesya Zub , Maksym Netsvetov , Silvia Martins , Elizabete Marchante

Elodea canadensis is a widespread invasive alien aquatic species in Europe. However, there is growing evidence that increasing anthropogenic eutrophication and other factors are leading to a decline in the populations of this species. We compared the structure of plant communities and the phenotypic plasticity of E. canadensis individuals across communities in Ukraine and Portugal to assess whether the species responds similarly to environmental variation, and to identify differences in its distribution, community role, and the environmental factors influencing the formation of morphological traits of the species and biomass. In both countries, E. canadensis preferentially occurs in oligo-mesotrophic and meso-eutrophic waters, forming similar communities, but in Ukraine the communities in lentic water bodies were floristically more diverse. Populations with high biomass of E. canadensis in Ukraine were formed in lentic water bodies with good water exchange, as well as in lotic ecosystems of both Ukraine and Portugal. Environmental clustering revealed a distinct ecological separation among water bodies, with the strongest contrast observed between lower-nutrient, higher-elevation Ukrainian lakes and nutrient-rich, lowland mixed lotic systems in both countries. The morphological traits of E. canadensis differed significantly between these clusters, particularly shoot length and leaf width, highlighting phenotypic responses to environmental gradients. We assume that anthropogenic eutrophication affects E. сanadensis communities, and may lead to their decline or disappearance as trophic levels rise in both countries. Understanding these patterns is important for forecasting invasion dynamics under eutrophication and climate change, and for refining management strategies in freshwater ecosystems.

加拿大叶藻是一种在欧洲广泛存在的外来入侵水生物种。然而，越来越多的证据表明，不断增加的人为富营养化和其他因素正在导致该物种的种群数量下降。我们比较了乌克兰和葡萄牙不同群落的加拿大叶蝉的群落结构和表型可塑性，以评估该物种对环境变化的响应是否相似，并确定其分布、群落作用以及影响物种形态特征和生物量形成的环境因素的差异。在这两个国家，加拿大e.c anadensis优先出现在低中营养化和中富营养化水域，形成相似的群落，但在乌克兰，原生水体中的群落在区系上更为多样化。在乌克兰，在水体交换良好的水体中，以及乌克兰和葡萄牙的生态系统中，都能形成高生物量的加拿大沼虾种群。环境聚类揭示了水体之间明显的生态分离，在两国的低营养、高海拔的乌克兰湖泊和营养丰富的低地混合湖泊系统之间观察到最强烈的对比。在不同的植物群中，加拿大叶参的形态特征存在显著差异，尤其是茎长和叶宽，这突出了表型对环境梯度的响应。我们认为，人为的富营养化影响了沙蛙群落，并可能导致它们随着两国营养水平的上升而下降或消失。了解这些模式对于预测富营养化和气候变化下的入侵动态以及改进淡水生态系统的管理策略具有重要意义。

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