Aquatic Botany最新文献_第6页

Evaluating the combined methods of live planting and seed dispersal in restoration of Zostera marina (eelgrass) in Barnegat Bay, New Jersey by genetic diversity and pedigree analysis of restored populations 通过恢复种群的遗传多样性和系谱分析，评价新泽西Barnegat湾大叶藻（Zostera marina, eelgrass）恢复中活体种植和种子传播相结合的方法

IF 1.9 4区生物学 Q2 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Botany

Pub Date : 2025-06-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquabot.2025.103917

Nicole Rodriguez Ortiz, Nathan Cruz, Tiffany V. Santos, Paul A.X. Bologna , James J. Campanella

Zostera marina (eelgrass) is a near-shore marine plant species that provides essential ecosystem services both as food and refuge for a variety of sea life, as well as a physical anchor for the littoral sediment along temperate coastlines. Due to disease, anthropogenic reductive effects, and recent natural disasters, Barnegat Bay, NJ has seen a reduction in natural populations of the species over the last few decades. Newly restored beds of Z. marina were planted in 2021 and 2022 by a combined method of live transplants and seed dispersal. In 2023, we acquired tissue samples from restored populations with the following objectives: A) test how successful the combined restoration method was at producing thriving populations, B) determine genetic diversity and “genetic health” as partial indicators of restoration success, and C) determine kinship in order to help correlate ancestry and efficacious seagrass growth progression. We found each restored population evinced increased genetic diversity over donor populations, based upon improved observed heterozygosity (mean 0.584), low inbreeding fixation levels (mean -0.146), and higher effective population sizes (mean 2.988). Principal Coordinate Analysis indicated that restored plants are primarily related to live planted donors, with alleles from seed donors in evidence. Cluster Analysis supports that restored individuals have genetic components of all donors, but also suggests environmental selection and genetic bottlenecking have occurred. Statistical analysis confirms the presence of bottlenecks in all restored populations. Overall, results support initial success in restored seagrass meadows. As global declines in seagrass beds continue, with the accompanying loss in genetic diversity, restoration techniques that demonstrate success in ecosystem service recovery and increased genetic diversity will guide practitioners in preservation and restoration of these habitats.

大叶藻（Zostera marina）是一种近岸海洋植物，为各种海洋生物提供食物和避难所，同时也是温带海岸线沿岸沉积物的物理锚。由于疾病、人为减少效应和最近的自然灾害，在过去的几十年里，新泽西州巴内加特湾的自然种群数量减少了。采用活体移植和种子传播相结合的方法，于2021年和2022年种植了新修复的Z. marina床。2023年，我们从恢复种群中获取了组织样本，目的如下：A)测试联合恢复方法在产生繁荣种群方面的成功程度；B)确定遗传多样性和“遗传健康”作为恢复成功的部分指标；C)确定亲属关系，以帮助关联祖先和有效的海草生长进程。我们发现，由于观察到的杂合度提高（平均0.584），近交固定水平降低（平均-0.146），有效种群规模增大（平均2.988），每个恢复种群的遗传多样性都比供体种群有所增加。主坐标分析表明，恢复植株主要与活体供体有亲缘关系，来自供体的等位基因明显存在。聚类分析支持恢复个体具有所有供体的遗传成分，但也表明发生了环境选择和遗传瓶颈。统计分析证实，在所有恢复的种群中都存在瓶颈。总体而言，结果支持恢复海草草甸的初步成功。随着全球海草床持续减少，遗传多样性随之丧失，在生态系统服务恢复和遗传多样性增加方面取得成功的恢复技术将指导从业者保护和恢复这些栖息地。

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引用次数: 0

First report of Halophila stipulacea (Forsskål) Ascherson,1867 in the Dominican Republic, an invasive species that continues to expand across the Caribbean 1867年，在多米尼加共和国首次报道了一种持续在加勒比海地区扩张的入侵物种——托叶盐藻（Halophila tolacea, forssk<s:1>）

IF 1.9 4区生物学 Q2 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Botany

Pub Date : 2025-06-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquabot.2025.103915

Yira Rodríguez-Jerez , Rita Sellares-Blasco , Maria F. Villalpando , Estefany Vargas-Pérez , Andreina Valdez-Trinidad , Someira Zambrano , Yasmin D. Evangelista , Sergio D. Guendulain-García , Aldo Croquer

Halophila stipulacea (Forsskål) Ascherson,1867 is a seagrass species native to the Red Sea and the Persian-Indian Ocean, introduced 150 years ago into the Mediterranean Sea. H. stipulacea was first reported in the Caribbean in 2002; and in less than 15 years, it expanded across small island nations and Venezuela. Expected to continue expanding across its invasive range, monitoring programs aimed at spotting new geographic areas where H. stipulacea has successfully settled are vital. Here, we report for the first time an extensive meadow of H. stipulacea in Punta Salinas, Bani, Peravia Province, Dominican Republic (La Hispaniola). In November 2024, the species was spotted drifting inside Las Calderas Bay, and soon after, detected in a meadow located at the exposed side of Punta Salinas. After taxonomic confirmation, we conducted a survey during December 2024 to check for the presence of H. stipulacea meadows We observed a large H. stipulacea patch (1500 m) established on muddy sediments mixed with Dictyota spp., dead Halimeda spp. and other macroalgae. On average, the alien species covered 67.5 ± 36.7 %, whereas Thalassia testudinum covered < 5 % of the substrate. While the impacts of H. stipulacea in La Hispaniola remain unknown, our results confirm that H. Stipulacea continues to expand, successfully invading coastal habitats across the Caribbean region.

Halophila tolacea (forssk) Ascherson，1867是一种原产于红海和波斯-印度洋的海草物种，150年前被引入地中海。2002年，在加勒比地区首次报道了托马甲；在不到15年的时间里，它扩展到了小岛屿国家和委内瑞拉。预计将继续扩大其入侵范围，旨在发现新地理区域的监测项目是至关重要的。本文首次报道了在多米尼加共和国（La Hispaniola） Peravia省Bani的Punta Salinas大面积的托马草甸。2024年11月，人们发现该物种在拉斯卡尔德拉斯湾内漂流，不久之后，在蓬塔萨利纳斯裸露一侧的草地上发现了该物种。在分类确认后，我们于2024年12月进行了调查，以确定是否存在托马草甸。我们在泥质沉积物上发现了一个大的托马斑块（1500 m），与Dictyota spp、haalimeda spp和其他大型藻类混合在一起。外来种对底物的平均覆盖率为67.5 ± 36.7 %，而海棠对底物的平均覆盖率为<； 5 %。尽管托马甲对伊斯帕尼奥拉岛的影响尚不清楚，但我们的研究结果证实，托马甲继续扩张，成功地入侵了加勒比海地区的沿海栖息地。

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引用次数: 0

An aquatic pteridophyte, Salvinia, from the Subathu Formation (Late Paleocene–Early Eocene) of Himachal Himalaya, India, and its biogeographical implications 印度喜马偕尔-喜马拉雅地区Subathu组（古新世晚期-始新世早期）的水生蕨类植物Salvinia及其生物地理意义

IF 1.9 4区生物学 Q2 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Botany

Pub Date : 2025-06-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquabot.2025.103916

Ashif Ali , Robert A. Spicer , Tao Su , Sampa Kundu , Mahasin Ali Khan

Salvinia, a free-floating aquatic, rootless fern, has a rich fossil record in Cenozoic sediments of Southeast Asia, Europe, and North-South America. However, none have been reported from the Cenozoic sediments of India, until now. Here, we report the occurrence of vegetative remains (both impressions and compressions), along with trichome bases, resembling both morphologically and anatomically those of the extant genus Salvinia Séguier from the Late Paleocene-Early Eocene of the Subathu Formation in the Mandi District of Himachal Pradesh, northwestern India. These newly discovered fossils are characterized by round, elliptical, or elongate fronds, with small hexagonal or quadrangular areolaes, usually 8–16 tubercles in a row between adjacent lateral veins, and craspedodromous lateral veins lacking marginal loops. Anatomically, epidermal cells are quadrangular or polygonal with diacytic stomata composed of two guard cells and numerous conical, filiform, slightly enlarged, and curved non-glandular trichomes. We describe these Eocene specimens as a new species, namely Salvinia indica A. Ali & M. A. Khan sp. nov. The discovery of this species suggests that the Eocene Subathu Formation represents sediments deposited in mostly calm freshwater bodies such as very low-energy meandering rivers, streams, or wetland ponds.

Salvinia是一种自由漂浮的水生无根蕨类植物，在东南亚、欧洲和南北美洲的新生代沉积物中有丰富的化石记录。然而，到目前为止，还没有来自印度新生代沉积物的报道。在这里，我们报告了在印度西北部喜马偕尔邦曼迪地区的Subathu组的晚古新世-早始新世现存的Salvinia ssamuier属的形态和解剖学上类似的植物遗骸（包括印痕和压缩）以及毛状基底的出现。这些新发现的化石的特点是圆形、椭圆形或细长的叶子，有小的六边形或四边形的乳晕，相邻的侧脉之间通常有8-16个小结节排，以及没有边缘环的蔓生侧脉。解剖上，表皮细胞呈四边形或多角形，有双胞口，由两个保卫细胞和许多圆锥形、丝状、稍大、弯曲的非腺毛状体组成。我们将这些始新世标本描述为一个新种，即Salvinia indica a . Ali &；这一物种的发现表明始新世Subathu组的沉积物主要沉积在平静的淡水水体中，如能量极低的蜿蜒河流、溪流或湿地池塘。

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引用次数: 0

Rhodolith beds in the Eastern Tropical Pacific: Habitat structure and associated biodiversity 东热带太平洋Rhodolith床：生境结构及相关生物多样性

IF 1.9 4区生物学 Q2 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Botany

Pub Date : 2025-06-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquabot.2025.103914

Celeste A. Diaz-Licona , Nadine Schubert , Vladimir González-Gamboa , Fernando Tuya , Juan Carlos Azofeifa-Solano , Cindy Fernández-García

Rhodolith beds (RBs) are globally distributed marine benthic habitats and recognized biodiversity hotspots of conservation interest. However, considerable regions of the world’s oceans remain unknown in terms of the presence, distribution, structure, and associated biodiversity of such habitats. In the Eastern Tropical Pacific (ETP), even basic information about these habitats is still extremely scarce. To fill this gap, we characterized the habitat structure and associated biodiversity of four shallow-water RBs at Cocos Island, Costa Rica. Specifically, information regarding rhodolith structural attributes (size, morphology, and CaCO₃ content), as well as habitat characteristics (rhodolith nodule density, biomass and CaCO₃ standing stocks) were collected. Moreover, the diversity and abundance of associated organisms, including macroalgae, invertebrates and fishes, were determined. Our study shows that Cocos Island harbors dense RBs (1100 to >4500 nodules m⁻²) with substantial carbonate stocks (14–22 kg m⁻²), which provide habitats for a wide array of species (158 recorded species). This study adds 58 new records of RB-associated species to previously published records for the island, which increases the total number of species to 316, including 51 species endemic to the ETP and four species categorized as vulnerable by the IUCN. Our results also indicate that community composition and abundance of organisms vary among RBs, likely due to differences in rhodolith morphologies and sizes and/or local environmental conditions. Further research efforts are warranted to identify the drivers for these differences, as well as expanding studies towards other RBs at Cocos Island and in the ETP in general.

Rhodolith beds （RBs）是全球分布的海洋底栖生物栖息地，也是公认的生物多样性保护热点。然而，就这种栖息地的存在、分布、结构和相关的生物多样性而言，世界海洋的相当大区域仍然是未知的。在东热带太平洋（ETP），即使是关于这些栖息地的基本信息仍然非常稀缺。为了填补这一空白，我们对哥斯达黎加Cocos岛4种浅水RBs的栖息地结构和相关生物多样性进行了表征。具体而言，收集了有关rhodolith结构属性（大小，形态和CaCO3含量）以及栖息地特征（rhodolith结节密度，生物量和CaCO3常绿储量）的信息。此外，还确定了相关生物的多样性和丰度，包括大型藻类，无脊椎动物和鱼类。我们的研究表明，Cocos岛拥有密集的RBs（1100至>；4500结核m−2）和大量的碳酸盐储量（14-22 kg m−2），为各种物种（158种记录物种）提供了栖息地。本次研究为该岛屿新增了58个与rb相关的物种记录，使物种总数增加到316个，其中包括51个ETP特有物种和4个被IUCN列为易危物种。我们的研究结果还表明，由于rhodolith的形态和大小以及/或当地环境条件的差异，不同的RBs之间的群落组成和丰度存在差异。进一步的研究工作需要确定这些差异的驱动因素，并将研究扩展到Cocos岛和ETP的其他苏格兰皇家银行。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of desiccation time on performance of a cultured (Neopyropia yezonensis) and fouling alga (Ulva prolifera) 干燥时间对培养藻（Neopyropia yezonensis）和污染藻（Ulva prolifera）性能的影响

IF 1.9 4区生物学 Q2 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Botany

Pub Date : 2025-06-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquabot.2025.103912

Yifei Shen , Ruyan He , Yuqing Sun , Shuang Li , Yinqing Zeng , Peimin He , Jianheng Zhang

Neopyropia yezoensis, a kind of red alga (Rhodophyta) that is a source of nori, is a highly valuable macroalga widely cultivated in coastal regions of East Asia. However, in recent years, Neopyropia cultivation areas have been frequently disturbed by green tide algae, particularly Ulva prolifera. To address this issue, we conducted a seven-day experiment subjecting both N. yezoensis and raft-attached U. prolifera to desiccation treatment twice daily, with exposure times ranging from 0 to 6 hours per treatment. The physiological responses were evaluated through microscopic structure analysis, maximum quantum yield of photosystem II (Fv/Fm), biomass measurements, and pigment content determination. Results showed that increasing desiccation time significantly affected the physiological status of U. prolifera. With prolonged desiccation time, both U. prolifera and N. yezoensis exhibited decreased Fv/Fm values, reduced biomass growth rate, and significant changes in pigment content. Desiccation periods of 5–6 hours reduced the photosynthetic efficiency of photosystem II (PSII) in U. prolifera. Although a single desiccation treatment temporarily inhibited the physiological status of N. yezoensis, after undergoing desiccation–rehydration cycles, the alga not only recovered its physiological function but also exhibited higher Fv/Fm values than the continuously submerged control group. However, for treatments with desiccation times exceeding 5 hours, productivity was somewhat affected, with the growth rate being approximately 24 % lower than that of the continuously submerged group. This indicates that desiccation-rehydration cycles promote the physiological status and biomass of N. yezoensis, demonstrating its superior adaptation to desiccation conditions. This study identified 5 hours as the optimal desiccation duration for N. yezoensis cultivation. Under these conditions, N. yezoensis maintained high growth rates and favorable physiological status while effectively inhibiting U. prolifera growth, providing a viable method for controlling U. prolifera in cultivation areas.

紫红藻（Neopyropia yezoensis）是一种红藻（Rhodophyta），是海苔的来源，是东亚沿海地区广泛种植的一种极具价值的大型藻类。然而，近年来，绿潮藻，特别是增生Ulva藻，频繁干扰了新水藻养殖区。为了解决这一问题，我们进行了为期7天的实验，将叶绿梭菌和附着在木筏上的增殖梭菌每天进行两次干燥处理，每次处理的暴露时间从0到6 小时不等。通过微观结构分析、光系统II最大量子产率（Fv/Fm）、生物量测量和色素含量测定来评估生理反应。结果表明，增加干燥时间对增菌菇的生理状态有显著影响。随着干燥时间的延长，浒苔和叶藻的Fv/Fm值降低，生物量生长率降低，色素含量变化显著。5 ~ 6 小时的干旱期降低了藻光系统II （PSII）的光合效率。虽然单次脱水处理暂时抑制了叶藻的生理状态，但经过脱水-复水化循环后，叶藻不仅恢复了生理功能，而且Fv/Fm值也高于连续浸泡的对照组。然而，当脱水时间超过5 小时时，生产力受到一定影响，其生长速度比连续浸泡组低约24 %。这表明，干燥-复水循环促进了叶藻的生理状态和生物量，显示了叶藻对干燥条件的优越适应性。本研究确定了5 小时为叶藻培养的最佳干燥时间。在此条件下，叶绿梭菌保持了较高的生长速率和良好的生理状态，同时有效抑制了增毒乌菌的生长，为防治增毒乌菌提供了可行的方法。

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引用次数: 0

Seagrass fossils from the lower Miocene Morozaki Group in Aichi Prefecture, central Japan 日本中部爱知县中新世下Morozaki群的海草化石

IF 1.9 4区生物学 Q2 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Botany

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquabot.2025.103913

Toshihiro Yamada

Two new seagrass fossils are reported from the upper lower Miocene Morozaki Group (18.0–17.6 Ma) of central Japan: Thalassites morozakiensis T. Yamada, sp. nov., and Maresurculus aichiensis T. Yamada, gen. et sp. nov. The former bears strap-shaped, eligulate leaves enclosed within a fibrous sheath, suggesting an affinity with the extant subfamily Hydrilloideae (Hydrocharitaceae). The latter is characterized by ligulate leaves shed without leaving a sheath on the stem, indicating a relationship to extant genera of Cymodoceaceae, such as Amphibolis and Thalassodendron. These fossils represent the first reliable records of seagrasses from the early Miocene, consistent with divergence-time estimates for marine Hydrilloideae and Cymodoceaceae based on molecular clocks. Additionally, they imply that seagrasses extended their range to higher latitudes than today during the late early Miocene, a period marked by global warming.

在日本中部中新统Morozaki群（18.0-17.6 Ma）中发现了两个新的海草化石：Thalassites morozakiensis T. Yamada, sp. nov.和Maresurculus aichiensis T. Yamada, gen. et sp. 11 .。后者的叶呈带状，叶状，包裹在纤维鞘中，与现存的水螅亚科（Hydrocharitaceae）有亲缘关系。后者的特征是舌状叶脱落，茎上不留下叶鞘，表明与现存的cymodocaceae属，如Amphibolis和Thalassodendron有关系。这些化石代表了中新世早期海草的第一个可靠记录，与基于分子钟的海洋水螅科和Cymodoceaceae的分化时间估计一致。此外，它们还表明，在中新世早期晚期，海草将其活动范围扩展到了比今天更高的纬度，这是一个以全球变暖为标志的时期。

引用次数: 0

Demographic and morphological responses of intertidal eelgrass (Zostera marina) transplanted across sediment conditions 潮间带大叶藻（Zostera marina）跨泥沙条件移植的人口统计学和形态学响应

IF 1.9 4区生物学 Q2 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Botany

Pub Date : 2025-05-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquabot.2025.103904

Jennifer L. Ruesink , Fiona C. Boardman , Bryan A. Briones Ortiz , Christopher R. Jendrey , Kerry Ann Naish

Eelgrass (Zostera marina) shows substantial spatiotemporal variation in morphological and demographic traits that can arise from phenotypic plasticity. These traits commonly shift across light and depth gradients, as well as seasonally, but less consistency has been demonstrated across sediment conditions. We conducted two field transplant experiments in which seedlings or overwintering shoots of Z. marina were moved among sand and muddy-sand sites within a bay (Willapa Bay, Washington, USA). Shoots were regularly re-marked and measured for size, asexual, and sexual reproduction for 1–1.5 year, and upon collection, for rhizome extension and root investment. Seedlings, which were sourced from one site, had poor survival in muddy-sand, but smaller size and more branching with less flowering in sand. Shape also exhibited phenotypic plasticity, with relatively wide leaves and longer rhizome internodes at the sandier site. Overwintering shoots, which were transplanted among four sites in a fully reciprocal design, had lower survival and size after 6 months at sand compared to muddy-sand sites, but with greater root investment at collection. Shoots from one muddy-sand site, regardless of outplant site, maintained relatively short internodes over 1.5 years. Overall, shoots tended to remodel in summer as a function of sediment type, while internode extension was phenotypically plastic in both experiments, as well as fixed by source. Because sediment correlated with water movement, eelgrass traits expressed in sand could reduce drag (smaller above-ground size) and provide anchorage (root investment). Shorter internodes at muddy-sand outplant sites and from one muddy-sand source site could influence space-filling and foraging strategies. Across experiments, poor survival of seedlings relative to vegetative shoots in muddy-sand may reflect low-oxygen conditions that are challenging for early life stages of eelgrass to overcome. The substantial trait variation in transplants across sediment type could be a response to below-ground chemistry and above-ground hydrodynamics, but these drivers were not distinguishable with the study design.

大叶藻（Zostera marina）在形态和人口统计学特征上表现出明显的时空差异，这可能是由表型可塑性引起的。这些特征通常在光线和深度梯度以及季节变化中发生变化，但在沉积物条件下的一致性较少。在美国华盛顿州威拉帕湾（Willapa bay， USA）的沙地和泥沙场地中，我们进行了两次野外移栽试验，将Z. marina的幼苗或越冬芽移栽。在1-1.5年期间，定期重新标记和测量芽的大小、无性生殖和有性生殖，并在收集后进行根茎延伸和根投资。来自同一地点的幼苗在泥沙中成活率较差，但在沙中体积小，分枝多，开花少。形状也表现出表型可塑性，在砂质部位叶片相对较宽，根茎节间较长。在完全对等设计下，4个地点间移栽的越冬苗6个月后在沙地上的成活率和大小均低于泥沙地点，但在收集时根系投入较大。不论外植地在何处，同一泥沙地点的芽在1.5年以上保持相对较短的节间。总体而言，由于泥沙类型的关系，芽在夏季有重塑的趋势，而节间伸展在两个试验中都是表型塑性的，并且是由源固定的。由于泥沙与水的运动相关，大叶藻在沙子中表达的特性可以减少阻力（较小的地上尺寸）并提供锚点（根系投资）。泥质砂外植地和同一泥质砂源地的节间较短会影响空间填充和觅食策略。在实验中，与营养芽相比，泥沙中幼苗的存活率较低，这可能反映了低氧条件，这对鳗草的早期生命阶段来说是一个挑战。在不同泥沙类型的移植物中，大量的性状变化可能是对地下化学和地上流体动力学的响应，但这些驱动因素在研究设计中无法区分。

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引用次数: 0

Preliminary assessment of a nutrient pollution indicator for application to tropical seagrasses of Puerto Rico 波多黎各热带海草营养物污染指标的初步评价

IF 1.9 4区生物学 Q2 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Botany

Pub Date : 2025-05-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquabot.2025.103903

James E. Kaldy , Cayla Sullivan , Angel Dieppa , Evelyn Huertas , Mark Reiss , Izabela Wojtenko , Julia Perzley , Ivelisse Cappielo Cosme , Marco Orizondo Lugo

Seagrass health is often used as an indicator of water quality and plant tissue nitrogen content has long been used as an indicator of nitrogen availability, but it is not a sensitive early indicator of nutrient over enrichment. A critical characteristic for an early indicator is that it can detect increased nutrient availability before seagrasses die. The seagrass nutrient pollution indicator (NPI) integrates leaf tissue nitrogen content and leaf areal mass to track nutrient loading. We assess the underlying assumptions associated with the NPI metric and explore the application of the metric to three tropical seagrasses Thalassia testudinum, Halodule wrightii, and Halophila stipulacea. In June 2022 we sampled ten seagrass sites across three embayments in Puerto Rico. We used water column and sediment nutrient measurements, seagrass stable isotope analyses (%N and δ¹⁵N) and we made morphological measurements (leaf areal mass, mg dry weight cm ⁻²) to evaluate the NPI relative to anticipated environmental gradients. T. testudinum sheath material, H. wrightii and H. stipulacea met the assumptions of the NPI method, suggesting that the NPI metric may be applied to these tropical species. Jobos Bay sites had isotopically light δ¹⁵N values suggesting that either local N fixation or import of allochthonous N fixation are dominant sources. In Guánica Bay, heavy δ¹⁵N values suggest either wastewater inputs or internal recycling of N are the dominant source. Additional research is required, but the evidence suggests that with further development and validation the NPI metric with δ¹⁵N could be appropriate for tropical seagrass species.

海草健康状况常被用作水质指标，植物组织氮含量长期被用作氮有效性指标，但它不是养分过度富集的敏感早期指标。早期指标的一个关键特征是，它可以在海草死亡之前检测到营养供应的增加。海草养分污染指标（NPI）综合了叶片组织氮含量和叶片面积质量来跟踪养分负荷。我们评估了与NPI度量相关的基本假设，并探索了该度量在三种热带海草（海草）上的应用。海草包括：海草（Thalassia testudinum）、白盐藻（Halodule wrightii）和托叶盐藻（Halophila tolacea）。2022年6月，我们在波多黎各的三个海湾取样了10个海草地点。我们使用水柱和沉积物养分测量、海草稳定同位素分析（%N和δ15N）以及形态学测量（叶面积质量，mg干重cm - 2）来评估相对于预期环境梯度的NPI。剑齿苋鞘材、白花剑齿苋和托马剑齿苋满足NPI方法的假设，表明NPI度量可以应用于这些热带物种。Jobos Bay遗址的δ15N同位素值较轻，表明本地固氮或外来固氮是主要来源。在Guánica湾，重δ15N值表明废水输入或内部循环是N的主要来源。虽然还需要进一步的研究，但有证据表明，随着进一步的开发和验证，δ15N的NPI度量可能适用于热带海草物种。

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引用次数: 0

Plastome evolution and phylogenomic insights into the evolution of the African submerged endemic genus Lagarosiphon (Hydrocharitaceae) 非洲水下特有属Lagarosiphon （Hydrocharitaceae）的质体进化和系统基因组学研究

IF 1.9 4区生物学 Q2 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Botany

Pub Date : 2025-05-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquabot.2025.103901

Zhi-Zhong Li , Ying Wang , Andrey Efremov

The genus Lagarosiphon, a remarkable group of fully submerged plants within the family Hydrocharitaceae, is native to tropical Africa. However, the phylogenetic relationships among its species have long remained elusive due to a lack of molecular data. In this study, we assembled and compared the plastomes of three Lagarosiphon species from Africa. By integrating additional data from public databases, we reconstructed the phylogeny and evolutionary history of the genus. Our results revealed that the plastomes of Lagarosiphon were conserved but exhibited notable length variation, likely due to the accumulation of dispersed repeats. Furthermore, we found that nucleotide diversity in the intergenic spacer regions was significantly higher than in the protein-coding genes. Such regions as ycf1, infA, rpl23-trnI-CAU, and ycf1-ndhF were recognized as mutation hotspots, highlighting their potential as important markers for future population genetics and phylogenetic studies. Phylogenomic analysis strongly supported Lagarosiphon as a monophyly, with the most recent common ancestor estimated to have occurred around 29.95 Ma. The diversification of this genus in Africa is likely a response to rapid climatic and geological changes during the Miocene. Our study provides valuable molecular resources for the taxonomic and phylogenomic investigation of the genus Lagarosiphon.

Lagarosiphon属是水螅科中完全淹没的植物的一个显著群，原产于热带非洲。然而，由于缺乏分子数据，其物种之间的系统发育关系长期以来一直难以捉摸。在这项研究中，我们收集并比较了来自非洲的三种Lagarosiphon的质体。通过整合来自公共数据库的其他数据，我们重建了该属的系统发育和进化历史。结果表明，Lagarosiphon的质体体是保守的，但具有明显的长度变异，这可能是由于分散重复序列的积累。此外，我们发现基因间间隔区域的核苷酸多样性显著高于蛋白质编码基因。ycf1、infA、rpl23-trnI-CAU、ycf1- ndhf等区域被认为是突变热点区域，具有作为未来群体遗传学和系统发育研究重要标记的潜力。系统基因组学分析强烈支持Lagarosiphon是一个单系物种，最近的共同祖先估计发生在29.95 Ma左右。该属在非洲的多样化可能是对中新世期间快速气候和地质变化的反应。本研究为拉加罗辛属植物的分类和系统发育研究提供了宝贵的分子资源。

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引用次数: 0

Characterization of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria associated with Posidonia oceanica meadow in the North coast of Monastir, Tunisia 突尼斯莫纳斯提尔北海岸海洋波西多尼亚草甸植物促生根瘤菌的特征

IF 1.9 4区生物学 Q2 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Botany

Pub Date : 2025-05-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquabot.2025.103902

Khaled Elmnasri , Mohamed El Gtari

Given the significant ecological and socio-economic roles played by seagrass beds in the Mediterranean Sea, there is an urgent need to explore effective approaches for the conservation and restoration of Posidonia oceanica meadows. The characterization and utilization of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPRs) appear to be one of the most innovative methods. In this study, metataxonomic analysis revealed the dominance of bacteria belonging to Acinetobacter (36.7 %), Halodesulfovibrio (38 %), Vibrio (9 %), Lactobacillus (1.3 %), Arcobacter (3 %), and Desulforhopalus (1 %) in the rhizosphere of P. oceanica, sampled from the northern coast of Monastir. Compared to the rhizosphere samples, a loss of biodiversity was observed in bulk sediment from adjacent erosive intermattes, with the disappearance of Halodesulfovibrio, Anaerovorax, Anaerotignum, and Marinomonas representatives, alongside a reduction in the abundance of Vibrio, Arcobacter, and Desulforhopalus. Isolation on Marine Agar medium allowed the purification of 42 bacterial strains, assigned to the genera Vibrio, Pseudoalteromonas, Alteromonas, Bermanella, Marinomonas, and Tritonibacter, with the detection of a new species closely related to V. viridaestus. The ability of these bacteria to produce hydrogen cyanide (HCN), ammonia (NH3), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and enzymes such as esterase, amylase, protease, agarase, and cellulase was also evaluated. The most promising strains for growth promotion were identified as Pseudoalteromonas shioyasakiensis PRL9 and PRL10, Alteromonas abrolhosensis PRA3, and Marinomonas aquiplantarum PR10. In vivo trials of the PGPR consortium on Posidonia seedling growth are planned.

鉴于地中海海草床具有重要的生态和社会经济作用，迫切需要探索保护和恢复地中海波西多尼亚草甸的有效途径。促进植物生长的根瘤菌（PGPRs）的鉴定和利用是最具创新性的方法之一。在本研究中，元分类学分析显示，在莫纳斯特尔北部海岸取样的P. oceanica根际中，主要细菌属于不动杆菌（36.7 %）、Halodesulfovibrio（38 %）、弧菌（9 %）、乳酸杆菌（1.3 %）、Arcobacter（3 %）和Desulforhopalus（1 %）。与根际样品相比，在邻近侵蚀互质沉积物中观察到生物多样性的丧失，Halodesulfovibrio、Anaerovorax、Anaerotignum和Marinomonas的代表消失，同时Vibrio、Arcobacter和Desulforhopalus的丰度减少。在海洋琼脂培养基上分离得到42株细菌，分别属于弧菌属、假互生单胞菌属、互生单胞菌属、Bermanella属、Marinomonas属和tritonbacter属，并检测到一个与V. viridaestus密切相关的新种。这些细菌产生氰化氢（HCN）、氨（NH3）、吲哚-3-乙酸（IAA）以及酯酶、淀粉酶、蛋白酶、琼脂酶和纤维素酶等酶的能力也被评估。最具促生长潜力的菌株为盐asakakipseudoalteromonas PRL9和PRL10、abrolhosenalteromonas PRA3和aquplantarum Marinomonas PR10。PGPR联盟对波西多尼亚幼苗生长的体内试验正在计划中。

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引用次数: 0