Aquatic Botany最新文献_第7页

Preliminary assessment of a nutrient pollution indicator for application to tropical seagrasses of Puerto Rico 波多黎各热带海草营养物污染指标的初步评价

IF 1.9 4区生物学 Q2 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Botany

Pub Date : 2025-05-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquabot.2025.103903

James E. Kaldy , Cayla Sullivan , Angel Dieppa , Evelyn Huertas , Mark Reiss , Izabela Wojtenko , Julia Perzley , Ivelisse Cappielo Cosme , Marco Orizondo Lugo

Seagrass health is often used as an indicator of water quality and plant tissue nitrogen content has long been used as an indicator of nitrogen availability, but it is not a sensitive early indicator of nutrient over enrichment. A critical characteristic for an early indicator is that it can detect increased nutrient availability before seagrasses die. The seagrass nutrient pollution indicator (NPI) integrates leaf tissue nitrogen content and leaf areal mass to track nutrient loading. We assess the underlying assumptions associated with the NPI metric and explore the application of the metric to three tropical seagrasses Thalassia testudinum, Halodule wrightii, and Halophila stipulacea. In June 2022 we sampled ten seagrass sites across three embayments in Puerto Rico. We used water column and sediment nutrient measurements, seagrass stable isotope analyses (%N and δ¹⁵N) and we made morphological measurements (leaf areal mass, mg dry weight cm ⁻²) to evaluate the NPI relative to anticipated environmental gradients. T. testudinum sheath material, H. wrightii and H. stipulacea met the assumptions of the NPI method, suggesting that the NPI metric may be applied to these tropical species. Jobos Bay sites had isotopically light δ¹⁵N values suggesting that either local N fixation or import of allochthonous N fixation are dominant sources. In Guánica Bay, heavy δ¹⁵N values suggest either wastewater inputs or internal recycling of N are the dominant source. Additional research is required, but the evidence suggests that with further development and validation the NPI metric with δ¹⁵N could be appropriate for tropical seagrass species.

海草健康状况常被用作水质指标，植物组织氮含量长期被用作氮有效性指标，但它不是养分过度富集的敏感早期指标。早期指标的一个关键特征是，它可以在海草死亡之前检测到营养供应的增加。海草养分污染指标（NPI）综合了叶片组织氮含量和叶片面积质量来跟踪养分负荷。我们评估了与NPI度量相关的基本假设，并探索了该度量在三种热带海草（海草）上的应用。海草包括：海草（Thalassia testudinum）、白盐藻（Halodule wrightii）和托叶盐藻（Halophila tolacea）。2022年6月，我们在波多黎各的三个海湾取样了10个海草地点。我们使用水柱和沉积物养分测量、海草稳定同位素分析（%N和δ15N）以及形态学测量（叶面积质量，mg干重cm - 2）来评估相对于预期环境梯度的NPI。剑齿苋鞘材、白花剑齿苋和托马剑齿苋满足NPI方法的假设，表明NPI度量可以应用于这些热带物种。Jobos Bay遗址的δ15N同位素值较轻，表明本地固氮或外来固氮是主要来源。在Guánica湾，重δ15N值表明废水输入或内部循环是N的主要来源。虽然还需要进一步的研究，但有证据表明，随着进一步的开发和验证，δ15N的NPI度量可能适用于热带海草物种。

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引用次数: 0

Plastome evolution and phylogenomic insights into the evolution of the African submerged endemic genus Lagarosiphon (Hydrocharitaceae) 非洲水下特有属Lagarosiphon （Hydrocharitaceae）的质体进化和系统基因组学研究

IF 1.9 4区生物学 Q2 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Botany

Pub Date : 2025-05-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquabot.2025.103901

Zhi-Zhong Li , Ying Wang , Andrey Efremov

The genus Lagarosiphon, a remarkable group of fully submerged plants within the family Hydrocharitaceae, is native to tropical Africa. However, the phylogenetic relationships among its species have long remained elusive due to a lack of molecular data. In this study, we assembled and compared the plastomes of three Lagarosiphon species from Africa. By integrating additional data from public databases, we reconstructed the phylogeny and evolutionary history of the genus. Our results revealed that the plastomes of Lagarosiphon were conserved but exhibited notable length variation, likely due to the accumulation of dispersed repeats. Furthermore, we found that nucleotide diversity in the intergenic spacer regions was significantly higher than in the protein-coding genes. Such regions as ycf1, infA, rpl23-trnI-CAU, and ycf1-ndhF were recognized as mutation hotspots, highlighting their potential as important markers for future population genetics and phylogenetic studies. Phylogenomic analysis strongly supported Lagarosiphon as a monophyly, with the most recent common ancestor estimated to have occurred around 29.95 Ma. The diversification of this genus in Africa is likely a response to rapid climatic and geological changes during the Miocene. Our study provides valuable molecular resources for the taxonomic and phylogenomic investigation of the genus Lagarosiphon.

Lagarosiphon属是水螅科中完全淹没的植物的一个显著群，原产于热带非洲。然而，由于缺乏分子数据，其物种之间的系统发育关系长期以来一直难以捉摸。在这项研究中，我们收集并比较了来自非洲的三种Lagarosiphon的质体。通过整合来自公共数据库的其他数据，我们重建了该属的系统发育和进化历史。结果表明，Lagarosiphon的质体体是保守的，但具有明显的长度变异，这可能是由于分散重复序列的积累。此外，我们发现基因间间隔区域的核苷酸多样性显著高于蛋白质编码基因。ycf1、infA、rpl23-trnI-CAU、ycf1- ndhf等区域被认为是突变热点区域，具有作为未来群体遗传学和系统发育研究重要标记的潜力。系统基因组学分析强烈支持Lagarosiphon是一个单系物种，最近的共同祖先估计发生在29.95 Ma左右。该属在非洲的多样化可能是对中新世期间快速气候和地质变化的反应。本研究为拉加罗辛属植物的分类和系统发育研究提供了宝贵的分子资源。

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引用次数: 0

Characterization of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria associated with Posidonia oceanica meadow in the North coast of Monastir, Tunisia 突尼斯莫纳斯提尔北海岸海洋波西多尼亚草甸植物促生根瘤菌的特征

IF 1.9 4区生物学 Q2 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Botany

Pub Date : 2025-05-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquabot.2025.103902

Khaled Elmnasri , Mohamed El Gtari

Given the significant ecological and socio-economic roles played by seagrass beds in the Mediterranean Sea, there is an urgent need to explore effective approaches for the conservation and restoration of Posidonia oceanica meadows. The characterization and utilization of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPRs) appear to be one of the most innovative methods. In this study, metataxonomic analysis revealed the dominance of bacteria belonging to Acinetobacter (36.7 %), Halodesulfovibrio (38 %), Vibrio (9 %), Lactobacillus (1.3 %), Arcobacter (3 %), and Desulforhopalus (1 %) in the rhizosphere of P. oceanica, sampled from the northern coast of Monastir. Compared to the rhizosphere samples, a loss of biodiversity was observed in bulk sediment from adjacent erosive intermattes, with the disappearance of Halodesulfovibrio, Anaerovorax, Anaerotignum, and Marinomonas representatives, alongside a reduction in the abundance of Vibrio, Arcobacter, and Desulforhopalus. Isolation on Marine Agar medium allowed the purification of 42 bacterial strains, assigned to the genera Vibrio, Pseudoalteromonas, Alteromonas, Bermanella, Marinomonas, and Tritonibacter, with the detection of a new species closely related to V. viridaestus. The ability of these bacteria to produce hydrogen cyanide (HCN), ammonia (NH3), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and enzymes such as esterase, amylase, protease, agarase, and cellulase was also evaluated. The most promising strains for growth promotion were identified as Pseudoalteromonas shioyasakiensis PRL9 and PRL10, Alteromonas abrolhosensis PRA3, and Marinomonas aquiplantarum PR10. In vivo trials of the PGPR consortium on Posidonia seedling growth are planned.

鉴于地中海海草床具有重要的生态和社会经济作用，迫切需要探索保护和恢复地中海波西多尼亚草甸的有效途径。促进植物生长的根瘤菌（PGPRs）的鉴定和利用是最具创新性的方法之一。在本研究中，元分类学分析显示，在莫纳斯特尔北部海岸取样的P. oceanica根际中，主要细菌属于不动杆菌（36.7 %）、Halodesulfovibrio（38 %）、弧菌（9 %）、乳酸杆菌（1.3 %）、Arcobacter（3 %）和Desulforhopalus（1 %）。与根际样品相比，在邻近侵蚀互质沉积物中观察到生物多样性的丧失，Halodesulfovibrio、Anaerovorax、Anaerotignum和Marinomonas的代表消失，同时Vibrio、Arcobacter和Desulforhopalus的丰度减少。在海洋琼脂培养基上分离得到42株细菌，分别属于弧菌属、假互生单胞菌属、互生单胞菌属、Bermanella属、Marinomonas属和tritonbacter属，并检测到一个与V. viridaestus密切相关的新种。这些细菌产生氰化氢（HCN）、氨（NH3）、吲哚-3-乙酸（IAA）以及酯酶、淀粉酶、蛋白酶、琼脂酶和纤维素酶等酶的能力也被评估。最具促生长潜力的菌株为盐asakakipseudoalteromonas PRL9和PRL10、abrolhosenalteromonas PRA3和aquplantarum Marinomonas PR10。PGPR联盟对波西多尼亚幼苗生长的体内试验正在计划中。

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引用次数: 0

Rapid loss of temperate kelp forests revealed by unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) photography and underwater observations 无人机（UAV）摄影和水下观测揭示了温带海带森林的迅速消失

IF 1.9 4区生物学 Q2 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Botany

Pub Date : 2025-04-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquabot.2025.103900

Masaaki Sato , Junji Kinoshita , Kyoji Ishita , Shiori Arima , Masayuki Fudo , Hisami Kuwahara

Climate-related increases in ocean temperature, herbivore abundance, and the frequency of extreme weather events have triggered phase shifts from kelp forests to deforested barrens. While unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) photography is now an effective method for monitoring marine environments, few studies have used it to detect changes in submerged marine forests. To investigate changes in kelp forests formed by Ecklonia cava under the influence of ocean warming and large typhoons, we conducted UAV photography in two areas (70,755 and 116,199 m²) and underwater visual surveys along two transects off the Manazuru coast of central Japan (35 °09'N) between 2019 and 2020. UAV photography revealed a complete loss of the kelp forests (34,042 and 48,641 m²) there from 2019 to 2020. The underwater visual census revealed a change in benthic communities, with a 57.3 % decrease in Ecklonia cover and an 11.3 % increase in small and coralline algae cover during this period. Based on the wave height during the passage of Typhoon Hagibis in fall 2019, ocean warming since 2008, and the prolonged period of high temperature (> 16 °C) from fall 2019 autumn to winter 2020, we speculated that the phase shift from Ecklonia beds to deforested barrens was due to the synergistic effects of the typhoon, ocean warming, and enhanced fish herbivory due to high temperature. Our results demonstrate the utility of UAV photography for monitoring submerged kelp forests, and combined results with previous studies suggest that the distribution of the phase shifts has expanded to higher latitudes in Japan.

与气候相关的海洋温度升高、草食动物丰富度和极端天气事件的频率引发了从海带森林到森林被砍伐的贫瘠地区的相变。虽然无人机（UAV）摄影现在是监测海洋环境的一种有效方法，但很少有研究使用它来检测水下海洋森林的变化。为了研究在海洋变暖和大型台风的影响下，Ecklonia cava形成的海带森林的变化，我们在2019年至2020年期间在日本中部Manazuru海岸（35°09'N）的两个样带（70,755和116,199 m2）进行了无人机摄影和水下视觉调查。无人机摄影显示，从2019年到2020年，海带森林（34,042和48,641 m2）完全消失。水下视觉普查揭示了底栖生物群落的变化，在此期间，Ecklonia覆盖面积减少了57.3% %，而小型和珊瑚藻覆盖面积增加了11. %。基于2019年秋季台风海贝思通过时的浪高、2008年以来海洋变暖、高温持续时间延长(>；从2019年秋季到2020年冬季，我们推测从Ecklonia床到森林荒芜的相变是由于台风、海洋变暖和高温导致的鱼类食草性增强的协同效应。我们的研究结果证明了无人机摄影在监测水下海带森林中的实用性，并且结合之前的研究结果表明，相移的分布在日本已经扩展到高纬度地区。

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引用次数: 0

Reproductive and recruitment potential of Halophila hawaiiana 夏威夷嗜盐菌的繁殖和招募潜力

IF 1.9 4区生物学 Q2 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Botany

Pub Date : 2025-04-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquabot.2025.103899

Mikinley Weaver , Chelsie W.W. Counsell

Understanding the details of seagrass species’ vegetative and sexual reproductive capacity is important to inform restoration efforts for these habitat engineers. Previous work has shown that vegetative fragments of Halophila species can settle and establish in new areas. However, it is unclear whether fragment size impacts vegetative reproduction success, and whether the isolated species Halophila hawaiiana has retained this ability. To determine whether H. hawaiiana can settle and establish from vegetative fragments, we took fragments of various sizes and fixed them to a string held just above the sediment in situ. We found that fragments could settle and establish into the sediment; 39 % of fragments grew roots into the sediment by day 14. Fragment settlement was strongly associated with month and location. Fragment size non-linearly influenced fragment settlement, with medium-sized fragments (four to six nodes) being the most successful. Regarding sexual reproduction for H. hawaiiana, observed seeds have previously been considered a result of apomixis; however, the presence of staminate flowers indicates that sexual reproduction may be possible. We collected flowers and artificially pollinated them in the lab, with unpollinated flowers isolated as a control. Endosperm growth and seed production was observed in the treatment group but not the control - suggesting sexual reproduction and not apomixis is the method of seed production for this species. To guide seagrass conservation efforts, future research is needed to understand the links between vegetative fragment settlement and patch expansion, and to determine environmental factors that induce flowering and seed germination in H. hawaiiana.

了解海草物种的营养和有性生殖能力的细节对这些栖息地工程师的恢复工作至关重要。先前的研究表明，嗜盐菌的营养碎片可以在新的地区定居和建立。然而，尚不清楚碎片大小是否影响营养繁殖的成功，以及分离物种夏威夷盐嗜菌是否保留了这种能力。为了确定夏威夷人是否可以从植物碎片中定居和建立，我们取了各种大小的碎片，并将它们固定在原位沉积物上方的一根绳子上。我们发现碎片可以沉淀并进入沉积物；39 %的碎片在第14天生根进入沉积物。碎片沉降与月份和地点密切相关。碎片大小非线性地影响碎片的沉降，中等大小的碎片（四到六个节点）是最成功的。关于夏威夷人的有性生殖，以前观察到的种子被认为是无融合的结果；然而，雄蕊花的存在表明有性繁殖是可能的。我们收集花并在实验室里人工授粉，将未授粉的花隔离作为对照。在处理组观察到胚乳的生长和种子的产生，而在对照组则没有，这表明该物种的种子产生方式是有性生殖而不是无融合生殖。为了指导海草的保护工作，未来的研究需要了解营养碎片沉降与斑块扩展之间的联系，并确定诱导夏威夷海草开花和种子萌发的环境因素。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of light and temperature on volatile mediated seaweed-bacteria interactions 光和温度对挥发性海藻-细菌相互作用的影响

IF 1.9 4区生物学 Q2 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Botany

Pub Date : 2025-04-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquabot.2025.103897

Mahasweta Saha , Pauline Benzi , Andy Foggo

Land plants strongly contribute to BVOCs (biogenic volatile organic compounds) which serve multiple ecological roles. Aquatic macrophytes such as seaweeds underpin some of the most extensive and productive coastal ecosystems globally. However, seaweed health and fitness can be negatively impacted through excessive bacterial colonisation on their surface. Just like land plants, seaweeds employ a range of chemicals to deter, reduce or “garden” epibacterial colonisation. Like plants, seaweeds are known to be prolific producers of BVOCs in the marine environment. However, unlike plants, the ecological roles of seaweed BVOCs, particularly in mediating seaweed-bacteria interactions, has hardly been explored, especially when compared to the role of non-volatile compounds. Although BVOC production is known to vary with abiotic factors in seaweeds, we do not know yet how such variations may alter ecological interactions of seaweeds with bacteria. Using two ecologically important seaweeds, Fucus serratus and Palmaria palmata, we investigated how different different light and temperature conditions can influence BVOCs mediated interactions of seaweeds with their bacteria We tested F. serratus and P. palmata BVOCs for their effect upon settlement in twelve common marine bacterial strains for the temperature experiment and seven common bacterial strains for the light experiment. When the seaweeds were incubated at higher temperature (21°C), the bacterial strains in contact with BVOCs from both F. serratus and P. palmata had a higher relative settlement compared to seaweeds incubated at ambient temperature (16°C). Overall temperature had a stronger significant effect than species identity. The effect of light on the BVOC mediated seaweed-bacteria interaction was less distinct but had a stronger inter-specific effect.

Synthesis

Our results provide the first evidence from an aquatic environment that BVOC mediated ecological interactions can vary between seaweed species and with light and temperature.

陆地植物对BVOCs（生物源性挥发性有机化合物）的贡献很大，BVOCs具有多种生态作用。海藻等水生大型植物支撑着全球一些最广泛和最具生产力的沿海生态系统。然而，海藻的健康和适应性可能会受到其表面过多细菌定植的负面影响。就像陆地植物一样，海藻使用一系列化学物质来阻止、减少或“花园”表面细菌的定植。与植物一样，众所周知，在海洋环境中，海藻是BVOCs的多产制造者。然而，与植物不同，海藻BVOCs的生态作用，特别是在介导海藻-细菌相互作用方面，几乎没有被探索过，特别是与非挥发性化合物的作用相比。虽然已知BVOC的产生随海藻中的非生物因素而变化，但我们还不知道这种变化如何改变海藻与细菌的生态相互作用。以具有重要生态意义的黑角藻（Fucus serratus）和棕榈藻（Palmaria palmata）为研究对象，研究了不同光照和温度条件对BVOCs介导的海藻与细菌相互作用的影响。在12种常见的海洋细菌中进行温度实验，在7种常见的海洋细菌中进行光照实验，测试了黑角藻（F. serratus）和棕榈藻（P. palmata） BVOCs对沉降的影响。在较高温度（21℃）下培养的海藻中，与serratus和P. palmata BVOCs接触的菌株的相对沉降量均高于常温（16℃）下培养的海藻。总体温度的显著影响强于物种特征。光对BVOC介导的海藻-细菌相互作用的影响不明显，但具有较强的种间效应。我们的研究结果提供了来自水生环境的第一个证据，表明BVOC介导的生态相互作用可以在海藻种类之间以及光照和温度之间发生变化。

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引用次数: 0

Structural and photosynthetic improvement of Myriophyllum aquaticum plant traits through artificial adjustments 人工调节对肉豆蔻植物性状结构及光合作用的改善

IF 1.9 4区生物学 Q2 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Botany

Pub Date : 2025-04-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquabot.2025.103896

Daomin Cheng , Peili Fu , Qingqing Wang , Wei Li , Longyi Yuan , Yang Liu , Yu Cao

Plant height is a key quantitative trait in plant ecology, linked with leaf area and stem diameter, affecting photosynthesis and water transport. Taller plants typically access lighte and resources, enhancing their competitive ability. However, the invasive aquatic plant Myriophyllum aquaticum usually reaches around 20 cm above the water surface. Despite its shorter stature, this species demonstrates rapid growth and efficient resource utilization, which contributes to its competitive success in various aquatic environments. This study aims to explore how altering its height impacts photosynthesis and water transport, providing insights into its growth adaptation mechanisms. We conducted an experiment with M. aquaticum, adjusting its height artificially (H) and comparing it to naturally maintained height (CK). We measured plant traits related to photosynthesis and water transport, including stem diameter, root pressure, and photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b, and carotenoids). Observations of guttation were also recorded. Under height-adjusted treatments, M. aquaticum exhibited positive significant growth responses with increased stem diameter and root pressure compared to the CK. Photosynthetic pigments were significantly higher in H than in CK. Notably, guttation was observed in CK but absent in H. Artificially increasing the height of M. aquaticum enhances its photosynthetic and hydraulic traits. However, this adjustment may lead to water deficiency issues, particularly during sunny conditions. This study contributes to understanding the ecological significance of plant height in aquatic species, highlighting the complex interplay between growth adaptations and environmental conditions.

株高是植物生态学中一个关键的数量性状，与叶面积和茎粗有关，影响光合作用和水分运输。较高的植物通常能获得光照和资源，从而增强它们的竞争能力。然而，入侵的水生植物豆蔻（Myriophyllum aquaticum）通常达到水面以上20 cm左右。尽管体型较矮，但该物种生长迅速，资源利用效率高，这有助于其在各种水生环境中竞争成功。本研究旨在探讨其高度变化对光合作用和水分转运的影响，为其生长适应机制提供新的思路。我们对水草进行了试验，人工调节其高度(H)，并将其与自然保持高度（CK）进行比较。我们测量了与光合作用和水分运输相关的植物性状，包括茎直径、根压和光合色素（叶绿素-a、叶绿素-b和类胡萝卜素）。还记录了口舌的观察。在高度调节处理下，与对照相比，水杨表现出正显著的生长响应，茎粗和根压均增加。H处理的光合色素显著高于CK处理。值得注意的是，在对照中观察到沟槽现象，而在h中则没有。人为地增加水杨的高度可以提高其光合和水力性状。然而，这种调整可能会导致缺水问题，特别是在阳光充足的情况下。该研究有助于了解水生物种植物高度的生态学意义，突出了生长适应与环境条件之间的复杂相互作用。

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引用次数: 0

Effect of light regime on seedling development of eelgrass (Zostera marina L.) 光照条件对大叶藻幼苗发育的影响

IF 1.9 4区生物学 Q2 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Botany

Pub Date : 2025-04-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquabot.2025.103898

Sahoko Takeda, Sayaka Watanabe, Naoya Miura, Hajime Shiota

Light plays a crucial role in plant development and growth. Plants use photoreceptors to perceive light of varying wavelengths and intensities, translating these signals into photoresponses. In the marine environments where seagrasses grow, blue light is predominant due to the absorption of longer wavelengths by water. To elucidate the photoresponses of seagrasses, we analyzed the photoresponses of young seedlings of eelgrass (Zostera marina), whose genome analysis has confirmed the presence of photoreceptors. When cultured under white, blue, green, or red light, the coleoptiles were shorter, and de-etiolated primary leaves were observed. Conversely, under dark conditions, coleoptiles were elongated, and primary leaves did not emerge. These findings indicate that light reduces coleoptile elongation and promotes the emergence and de-etiolation of primary leaves. The reduction in coleoptile elongation was enhanced under intense blue light but diminished under strong red light. Additionally, primary leaf emergence was lowered under high red light conditions. The expression of photoreceptor genes (ZoPHYA, ZoPHYB, and ZoCRY1) was upregulated during seed germination, with ZoPHYA and ZoCRY1 expression being particularly elevated at the coleoptile tips. Our results imply that, in young eelgrass seedlings, red and blue light are perceived at the coleoptile tips, triggering the transition from embryonic to vegetative growth. However, this transition is attenuated by intense red light. This response is likely to be an adaptive mechanism, enabling eelgrass to grow at optimal depths where blue light dominates.

光在植物发育和生长中起着至关重要的作用。植物利用光感受器来感知不同波长和强度的光，并将这些信号转化为光响应。在海草生长的海洋环境中，由于水吸收较长的波长，蓝光占主导地位。为了阐明海草的光反应，我们分析了大叶藻幼苗的光反应，其基因组分析证实了光感受器的存在。在白光、蓝光、绿光或红光下培养时，胚芽鞘变短，初生叶去黄化。相反，在黑暗条件下，胚芽被拉长，原叶不出现。这些结果表明，光照减少胚芽鞘伸长，促进初生叶的出芽和去黄化。在强蓝光照射下，胚芽鞘伸长降低幅度增大，而在强红光照射下，胚芽鞘伸长降低幅度减小。此外，在强红光条件下，初生叶出苗率降低。光感受器基因（ZoPHYA、ZoPHYB和ZoCRY1）的表达在种子萌发过程中上调，其中ZoPHYA和ZoCRY1的表达在胚芽鞘尖端特别升高。我们的研究结果表明，在幼嫩的大叶藻幼苗中，红色和蓝色的光在胚芽鞘尖端被感知，触发了从胚胎到营养生长的转变。然而，这种转变被强烈的红光减弱了。这种反应很可能是一种适应机制，使大鳗草能够在蓝光占主导地位的最佳深度生长。

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引用次数: 0

Nickel tolerance and phytoremediation potential of the aquatic plant Lemna minuta and the cyanobacterium Trichormus variabilis in monoculture and consortium 水生植物蓝藻和变异毛藻对镍的耐受性和植物修复潜力

IF 1.9 4区生物学 Q2 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Botany

Pub Date : 2025-04-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquabot.2025.103888

Valeria Carioti , Saverio Savio , Marco Fabriani , Neil T.W. Ellwood , Luca Gemin , Roberta Congestri , Maria Adelaide Iannelli , Simona Ceschin

One of the main threats to aquatic conservation is heavy metal pollution, with nickel (Ni) among the most significant contaminants. The Ni tolerance and remediation potential of Lemna minuta (vascular plant) and Trichormus variabilis (cyanobacterium) in contaminated water were investigated. The phytotoxic effects of nickel sulfate (NiSO₄·7 H₂O; 6.47 mg/L) on these two species, were assessed after 7- and 14-days exposure by measuring morphological changes, growth (fresh weight) and key physiological parameters (chlorophyll, malondialdehyde, protein content and catalase activity). The ability of L. minuta and T. variabilis to remove Ni was compared in both monoculture (single species) and consortium (mixed species) by measuring the reduction in Ni concentration in the culture medium. Nickel exposure induced phytotoxic effects in both species, as shown by decreases in fresh weight, chlorophyll and protein content, and increases in malondialdehyde content and catalase activity. These effects were more pronounced in monocultures, particularly in T. variabilis, compared to consortia. Lemna minuta exhibited good Ni tolerance and remediation capacity, removing 75 % and 86 % of the metal from the solution after 7 and 14 days, respectively. Trichormus variabilis removed 36 % and 27 % of the Ni after the same exposure time. Consortia exhibited high Ni removal, reaching 80 % and 90 % after 7 and 14 days, but this was not statistically different to L. minuta monocultures. These results demonstrate the potential of L. minuta in the remediation of Ni-contaminated waters and suggest that consortia might enhance the tolerance and viability of both species under Ni-stress.

水生保护的主要威胁之一是重金属污染，其中镍（Ni）是最重要的污染物之一。研究了维管束植物lena minuta和蓝藻trichorus variabilis对Ni污染水体的耐受性和修复潜力。硫酸镍（NiSO4·7 H2O）的植物毒性作用6.47 mg/L)，暴露7 d和14 d后，通过测量形态变化、生长（鲜重）和关键生理参数（叶绿素、丙二醛、蛋白质含量和过氧化氢酶活性）进行评估。通过测定培养基中Ni浓度的降低量，比较了单种和混合种对L. minuta和T. variabilis去除Ni的能力。镍暴露对两种植物均有毒害作用，表现为鲜重、叶绿素和蛋白质含量降低，丙二醛含量和过氧化氢酶活性增加。与群体相比，这些影响在单一培养中更为明显，特别是在变异链球菌中。Lemna minuta表现出良好的耐镍性和修复能力，在7和14天后分别从溶液中去除75 %和86 %的金属。在相同的暴露时间后，变异毛虫分别去除36 %和27 %的Ni。联合体表现出较高的Ni去除率，在7天和14天后分别达到80 %和90 %，但这与L. minuta单一培养没有统计学差异。这些结果表明了L. minuta在修复ni污染水体中的潜力，并表明联合可能提高这两种物种在ni胁迫下的耐受性和生存能力。

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引用次数: 0

Genetic diversity and population structure of four Trapa species from the Yangtze River and Amur River basins, China 中国长江流域和阿穆尔河流域 4 个 Trapa 种的遗传多样性和种群结构

IF 1.9 4区生物学 Q2 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Botany

Pub Date : 2025-04-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquabot.2025.103887

Miriam Chepkwemoi Tengwer , Godfrey Kinyori Wagutu , Henry Kariuki Njeri , Wei Li , Yuan-Yuan Chen , Xiang-Rong Fan

Water chestnuts (Trapa L.) are annual floating-leaved macrophytes with significant economic and ecological values. Genetic information assessment of wild germplasm resources is essential to the effective utilization and cultivation breeding of this genus. Here, Expressed Sequence Tag-Simple sequence repeat (EST-SSR) markers were developed and used to evaluate the genetic diversity and population structure of the four common wild Trapa species from the two diversity centers of Trapa in China: the Yangtze River Basin (YRB) and the Amur River Basin (ARB). For the 12,178 EST-SSRs, the dinucleotide (55.3 %) was the predominant type. Using 19 primers, higher levels of genetic variation were detected in the two Trapa species from YRB (T. bispinosa: He= 0.530; T. quadrispinosa: He=0.498) than that of the species from ARB (T. manshurica: He = 0.279; T. maximowiczii: He=0.415). This might be attributed to the smaller population size and lower hydrological connectivity among populations for the two species of ARB. Correspondingly, the population differentiation levels within the two Trapa species in ARB (T. manshurica: F_ST=0.383; T. maximowiczii: F_ST=0.239) were higher than that of the species in YRB (T. bispinosa: F_ST=0.169; T. quadrispinosa: F_ST=0.124). The clustering analyses (UPGMA, PCoA and SRUCTURE) consistently showed that all the individuals were divided into three branches: the accessions from T. maximowiczii and T. manshurica were clustered based on their species origins; the same genetic group was shared by the individuals from T. bispinosa and T. quadrispinosa, which possessed similar fruit morphological characteristics in addition to the number of waist horns. Findings of this study suggested the Trapa populations with high genetic diversity should be prioritized for conservation in YRB, while each population should be equally protected because of obvious genetic differentiation among populations in ARB.

菱角是一年生浮叶大型植物，具有重要的经济和生态价值。野生种质资源的遗传信息评价是该属植物有效利用和栽培育种的基础。本研究利用EST-SSR（表达序列标签-简单序列重复）标记，对中国两个水豚多样性中心：长江流域（YRB）和阿穆尔河流域（ARB）的4种常见水豚野生物种的遗传多样性和种群结构进行了分析。在12178个EST-SSRs中，二核苷酸（55.3% %）为优势型。利用19条引物，检测到两种不同种类的遗传变异较高(He= 0.530；四足棘球绦虫：He=0.498)比ARB种(满水棘球绦虫：He= 0.279；T. maximowiczii: He=0.415)。这可能是由于两种ARB种群规模较小，种群间水文连通性较低所致。与之相对应的是，在ARB （T. manshurica）中，两种Trapa物种间的种群分化水平：FST=0.383；最大氏盲蝽（T. maximowiczii）： FST=0.239)高于长江区(T. bispinosa: FST=0.169；四棱棘球绦虫：FST=0.124)。聚类分析（UPGMA、PCoA和structure）一致表明，所有个体均可划分为3个支系：以种源为聚类依据的是T. maximowiczii和T. manshurica；两种果实的形态特征和腰角数量相似，属于同一遗传群。本研究结果表明，遗传多样性高的Trapa居群应优先保护，同时由于ARB居群间遗传分化明显，每个居群应得到同等保护。

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引用次数: 0