Archiv fur Geschwulstforschung最新文献

A comprehensive conception for cancer pain treatment is presented. The medical analgesic drug therapy representing the main point of this conception is applied as a three steps analgesic ladder as recommend by the WHO. This kind of therapy enables an individual adaptation resp. increase of the analgesic intensity by the use of non narcotic analgetics, weak and strong opioids as well as adjuvant drugs. Besides the explanation of the principles of its application and some detailed instructions for the dosage of several drugs, possible side effects and interactions are mentioned as well as some examples for its clinical application are quoted. A further increase of the analgesic intensity is reached by the local intraspinal application of morphine. For this purpose epidural and intrathecal long-term catheters are used. Also in these cases dosage, side effects and complications are mentioned and the possibilities and advantages of the continuous analgesia with implantable systems (pain ports) and external portable or implantable pumps are discussed. Furthermore the role of the neurolytic blocks, neurosurgical treatment and radiation therapy within this conception is mentioned.

The ultrastructural feature of keratinocytes was investigated in human superficially spreading melanomas of type B. The tumor cells of these melanomas are characterized by spheroidal melanosomes and containing pheomelanins. Contrary to type A melanomas the keratinocytes show no striking transformation reaction neither in the nucleus nor in the cytoplasm although this part of the cell mostly contains abundant melanin granules surrounding the nucleus. Whether there exists a relation to the clinical course still has to be clarified.

Corresponding the international tendency two trials have been performed in GDR to compare results of hormone receptor determinations with prepared probes by several laboratories. As probes we used lyophilized calf uterus. Methods applied for receptor determinations based on dextran charcoal technique, but allowed modalities developed in the various laboratories. In consequence of extensive scattering of results got during the first trial an additional investigation basing on a standard procedure was performed in the second trial. Using this standard procedure better corresponding results could be found in comparison to investigations following the laboratory modalities. Consequently application of a standardized technique in all laboratories should be demanded. Final aim of these efforts is to obtain a reliable semiquantitative classification of low, medium and high receptor contents in the tissue probes investigated.

The nitrosatability of Pryleugan (imipramine), Herphonal (trimipramine), and Finlepsin (carbamazepine) was investigated under simulated human gastric conditions using a colorimetric measuring method. All of them proved to be nitrosatable even at very low nitrite concentrations. In the presence of ascorbic acid, the formation of N-nitroso compounds under model conditions was inhibited markedly. N-nitroso-dihydrodibenzazepine and N-nitroso-dibenzazepine could be identified by thin layer chromatography as main products. The biological effects of these N-nitroso compounds are not known up to now.

After single i.v. administration of cis-diammine-platinum(II)-lactate cis-diammine-platinum(II)-lactate, L cis-diammine-platinum(II)-dilactate trans-dihydroxy-cis-dichlorodiammine-platinum(IV), the LD50 values have been calculated to range between 80 and 130 mg/kg in mice, and between 22 and 45 mg/kg in rats. The LD50 of cis-DDP amounted to 17 mg/kg and 6.6 mg/kg, respectively. Likewise, the compounds have been found to be about 3 to 5 times less toxic than the standard cis-DDP when administered daily for 5 consecutive days. Since the kidneys, the bone marrow, the lymphatic tissue and the intestinal tract have been proved to be the main target organs, the profile of the toxic action of the Pt(II)-complexes seems to be similar to that of cis-DDP. Additionally, the Pt(IV) compound has been found to be toxic to the pancreas, the liver and the salivary glands. With regard to the antineoplastic activity the more soluble lactates of cis-DDP showed a smaller therapeutic index compared to cis-DDP.

The aim of this study is the interpretation of the available bibliography concerning the present information about the mutagenic and carcinogenic effects of epichlorohydrin and epoxy resins. An intervention study on 141 exposed workers shows the necessity of an investigation about the well-timed perception of the carcinogenic risk. The development of an electrophoretic method is recommended to detect the alkylated hemoglobin by way of the biological monitoring.

A computerized system with automatic treatment parameters control for radiological hyperthermia, called Sapic SV03, is presented. The system has been planned and built by the "Sezione Avionica ed Equipaggiamenti" of the Aeritalia in cooperation with the Radiotherapy Department of the University of Turin. The device is supplied with a multifrequency generator system (915, 433, 2-30 MHz) connected with many kinds of applicators, with a fiber optic system for temperature control and a previsional thermometry system. In this paper the authors presented three new applicators. The first one is a concave parallel microstrip applicator at 433 MHz, with a size 16 x 9 cm; the heating pattern is homogenous until 4 cm of depth. This antenna can be used for the treatment of chest wall recurrences of breast cancer. The second is a 27 MHz inductive ring and the third applicator is a pyramidal antenna ("TEM line") that operates at a frequency around 27 MHz.