Philip Oreoluwa, A. Latif, Zainab Mehkari, Abdirahman Hassan Shafad, Sidra Shahid Mubasher, Muhammad Adil Aftab khan, Varsha Nandwana, N. Nabeel, U. Tariq, Rana Inamullah Zafar, Sadaf Rifaz, Mireille B Nkongho, Anita Kengel Sangong, Yamini Kahlon, Amarachi Abara
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a novel infectious disease. It has caused one of the most destructive pandemics in human history with symptoms ranging from mild to severe. In severe cases, patients can develop pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and multi-organ failure. Among the neurological manifestations, seizures have been most commonly reported. Different mechanisms have been proposed for the occurrence of seizures in COVID-19 patients. Hypoxia and severe metabolic and electrolyte derangements may theoretically lower seizure thresholds. Furthermore, cytokine storm and the involvement of ACE receptors are also being considered as possible etiologies for these seizures. We performed a detailed literature review and included 15 case reports of seizures in COVID patients. The majority of the patients had past conditions ranging from diabetes and hypertension to as severe as fahr syndrome, AF (Atrial Fibrillation), and MM (Multiple Myeloma). Most of the patients with fits had moderate to severe COVID-19. Most patients were treated with levetiracetam, a very effective anti-epileptic. For COVID-19 patients with seizures, a multidisciplinary approach should be considered to enhance the care of the patients. It is very important to do a long-term follow-up of these patients to fully understand if these patients tend to develop epilepsy.
{"title":"A Review on Pathophysiology and Prognosis of Seizures in Covid-19","authors":"Philip Oreoluwa, A. Latif, Zainab Mehkari, Abdirahman Hassan Shafad, Sidra Shahid Mubasher, Muhammad Adil Aftab khan, Varsha Nandwana, N. Nabeel, U. Tariq, Rana Inamullah Zafar, Sadaf Rifaz, Mireille B Nkongho, Anita Kengel Sangong, Yamini Kahlon, Amarachi Abara","doi":"10.26502/aimr.0068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/aimr.0068","url":null,"abstract":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a novel infectious disease. It has caused one of the most destructive pandemics in human history with symptoms ranging from mild to severe. In severe cases, patients can develop pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and multi-organ failure. Among the neurological manifestations, seizures have been most commonly reported. Different mechanisms have been proposed for the occurrence of seizures in COVID-19 patients. Hypoxia and severe metabolic and electrolyte derangements may theoretically lower seizure thresholds. Furthermore, cytokine storm and the involvement of ACE receptors are also being considered as possible etiologies for these seizures. We performed a detailed literature review and included 15 case reports of seizures in COVID patients. The majority of the patients had past conditions ranging from diabetes and hypertension to as severe as fahr syndrome, AF (Atrial Fibrillation), and MM (Multiple Myeloma). Most of the patients with fits had moderate to severe COVID-19. Most patients were treated with levetiracetam, a very effective anti-epileptic. For COVID-19 patients with seizures, a multidisciplinary approach should be considered to enhance the care of the patients. It is very important to do a long-term follow-up of these patients to fully understand if these patients tend to develop epilepsy.","PeriodicalId":8282,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Internal Medicine Research","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82013202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Felicity Osula, O. Oluwatayo, Oluwasegun Shoewu, Firas Kadurei, Henna Pervaiz, Ijeoma Akabalu, J. Asuquo, Ayesha Ali, O. Lawal, D. Ogwu, J. E. Udeogu, I. Olateju, A. Nasir, Anita Sangong, Richard Okeke
The novel coronavirus disease (2019) (COVID-19) arose from Wuhan, China in late 2019. It has posed a threat to global healthcare systems across developed and developing countries. The symptoms of the fungal disease may manifest similarly to those with COVID-19, including shortness of breath, cough, and fever. Recently, reports also describe the incidence of COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis, in addition to bloodstream infections including candidemia, histoplasmosis, blastomycosis, and Valley fever. Of imminent concern is mucormycosis which affects the brain, lungs, sinuses, and is life-threatening for severely immunocompromised patients such as patients with HIV/AIDS or cancer, and diabetics. In the following review, we intend to propose the correlation of mucormycosis and COVID-19 and support the associations to opportunistic fungal infections. We suggest that a multidisciplinary approach is required to ensure the reversal of any underlying or associated conditions to mucormycosis and other fungal infections.
{"title":"Mucormycosis and COVID-19: A Review of the Black Fungus and Opportunistic Fungal Infections","authors":"Felicity Osula, O. Oluwatayo, Oluwasegun Shoewu, Firas Kadurei, Henna Pervaiz, Ijeoma Akabalu, J. Asuquo, Ayesha Ali, O. Lawal, D. Ogwu, J. E. Udeogu, I. Olateju, A. Nasir, Anita Sangong, Richard Okeke","doi":"10.26502/aimr.0075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/aimr.0075","url":null,"abstract":"The novel coronavirus disease (2019) (COVID-19) arose from Wuhan, China in late 2019. It has posed a threat to global healthcare systems across developed and developing countries. The symptoms of the fungal disease may manifest similarly to those with COVID-19, including shortness of breath, cough, and fever. Recently, reports also describe the incidence of COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis, in addition to bloodstream infections including candidemia, histoplasmosis, blastomycosis, and Valley fever. Of imminent concern is mucormycosis which affects the brain, lungs, sinuses, and is life-threatening for severely immunocompromised patients such as patients with HIV/AIDS or cancer, and diabetics. In the following review, we intend to propose the correlation of mucormycosis and COVID-19 and support the associations to opportunistic fungal infections. We suggest that a multidisciplinary approach is required to ensure the reversal of any underlying or associated conditions to mucormycosis and other fungal infections.","PeriodicalId":8282,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Internal Medicine Research","volume":"2013 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86467351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Muhammad Khawar Sana, K. Neupane, Aqsa Mumtaz, Muhammad Saad Siddique, A. Majeed
As novel viral pandemic is unfolding and new information about SARS-CoV-2 related illnesses is being released, a new multisystem inflammatory syndrome emerged particularly among children and adolescents temporally related to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). After several similar cases were reported in the United Kingdom and the United States of America, the World Health Organization recognized this new syndrome on May 15, 2020 and released its case definition. Cases have now emerged in adult patients as well. Physicians need to stay vigilant about this syndrome in adults to promptly diagnose and intervene. This article highlights all cases reported in the literature so far, particularly their common presenting signs, symptoms, and the way these cases are being managed.
{"title":"Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome Temporally Related to COVID-19 in Adults","authors":"Muhammad Khawar Sana, K. Neupane, Aqsa Mumtaz, Muhammad Saad Siddique, A. Majeed","doi":"10.26502/aimr.0073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/aimr.0073","url":null,"abstract":"As novel viral pandemic is unfolding and new information about SARS-CoV-2 related illnesses is being released, a new multisystem inflammatory syndrome emerged particularly among children and adolescents temporally related to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). After several similar cases were reported in the United Kingdom and the United States of America, the World Health Organization recognized this new syndrome on May 15, 2020 and released its case definition. Cases have now emerged in adult patients as well. Physicians need to stay vigilant about this syndrome in adults to promptly diagnose and intervene. This article highlights all cases reported in the literature so far, particularly their common presenting signs, symptoms, and the way these cases are being managed.","PeriodicalId":8282,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Internal Medicine Research","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83726234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carlos Andres Munoz Tello, Alyanna Marie B Manego, Carol Mfoniso Etudor, Joseph Manuel, Fizza Mohsin, Levis Abin Joy, Purnadeo N. Persaud, Muhammad Umar Farooq Azam, S. Naz, Muhammad Ijaz Khan, Muhammad Shah zaib, M. Hanif
Introduction: Severe manifestation of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) appears to be linked to massive inflammatory response. Glucocorticoids may help to prevent respiratory failure and death by modulating inflammation-mediated lung damage. Nonetheless, there is little conclusive evidence that it is effective in COVID-19 patients.The current study was Arch Intern Med Res 2021; 4 (4): 260-266 DOI: 10.26502/aimr.0078 Archives of Internal Medicine Research 261 proposed to see the differences in several outcomes between the severe COVID-19 patients who received usual care plus dexamethasone (the dexamethasone group), The current study was proposed to see the differences in several outcomes between the severe COVID-19 patients who received usual care plus dexamethasone (the dexamethasone group), and those who did not receive dexamethasone (the usual care group). Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar Pakistan (Isolation units for COVID-19). Patients with severe COVID-19 admitted to hospital from March to July 2020 were included in the study. Data was collected using structured format. Mean differences were calculated using independent sample t test whereas Chi square test was used for determination of association. Results: A total of 193 patients were included in the final analysis. No significant difference in age, gender, respiratory rate, C-reactive protein, and lactate dehydrogenase between the groups was observed. Patients who received usual care plus dexamethasone were discharged earlier from hospital (8.20 ± 1.90 vs. 11.20 ± 2.40, p< 0.001), and had low percentage of mechanical ventilation (MV) requirement (15.10% vs. 28.30%, p = 0.02). Overall mortality was low in dexamethasone group, however no difference in mortality rate between both the two groups was noted (9.80% vs. 19.70%, p = 0.058). Furthermore, in comparison to the usual care group, mortality rate in patients on MV was lower in dexamethasone group (56.50% vs.23.50%, p = 0.03). Conclusion: Patient who received usual care plus dexamethasone had lower hospitalization days; proportion of patients receiving mechanical ventilation as well as days on MV was lower as compared to usual care group. Similarly, mortality in patients requiring MV was also low in dexamethasone group. Large scale experimental studies are needed to confirm these findings.
2019冠状病毒病(COVID-19)的严重表现似乎与大规模炎症反应有关。糖皮质激素可能通过调节炎症介导的肺损伤来帮助预防呼吸衰竭和死亡。然而，几乎没有确凿的证据表明它对COVID-19患者有效。目前的研究是Arch Intern Med Res 2021;[4] . DOI: 10.26502/aimr.0078 .《内科研究档案261》提出观察常规护理加地塞米松治疗的重症COVID-19患者(地塞米松组)若干结局的差异，本研究提出观察常规护理加地塞米松治疗的重症COVID-19患者(地塞米松组)与未接受地塞米松治疗的重症COVID-19患者(常规护理组)若干结局的差异。方法:本回顾性研究在巴基斯坦白沙瓦Hayatabad医疗中心(COVID-19隔离单位)进行。2020年3月至7月住院的重症COVID-19患者被纳入研究。数据采用结构化格式收集。采用独立样本t检验计算平均差异，采用卡方检验确定相关性。结果:共纳入193例患者。各组患者年龄、性别、呼吸频率、c反应蛋白、乳酸脱氢酶无显著差异。常规护理加地塞米松组患者出院时间较早(8.20±1.90比11.20±2.40,p< 0.001)，机械通气(MV)需用率较低(15.10%比28.30%，p = 0.02)。地塞米松组总体死亡率较低，但两组死亡率无差异(9.80% vs. 19.70%， p = 0.058)。此外，与常规护理组相比，地塞米松组MV患者的死亡率较低(56.50%比23.50%，p = 0.03)。结论:常规护理加地塞米松治疗患者住院天数较短;与常规护理组相比，接受机械通气的患者比例和MV天数均较低。同样，地塞米松组需要MV的患者死亡率也较低。需要大规模的实验研究来证实这些发现。
{"title":"The Effect of Dexamethasone on Outcome of Patients with Severe COVID-19. A Retrospective Cross Sectional Study","authors":"Carlos Andres Munoz Tello, Alyanna Marie B Manego, Carol Mfoniso Etudor, Joseph Manuel, Fizza Mohsin, Levis Abin Joy, Purnadeo N. Persaud, Muhammad Umar Farooq Azam, S. Naz, Muhammad Ijaz Khan, Muhammad Shah zaib, M. Hanif","doi":"10.26502/aimr.0078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/aimr.0078","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Severe manifestation of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) appears to be linked to massive inflammatory response. Glucocorticoids may help to prevent respiratory failure and death by modulating inflammation-mediated lung damage. Nonetheless, there is little conclusive evidence that it is effective in COVID-19 patients.The current study was Arch Intern Med Res 2021; 4 (4): 260-266 DOI: 10.26502/aimr.0078 Archives of Internal Medicine Research 261 proposed to see the differences in several outcomes between the severe COVID-19 patients who received usual care plus dexamethasone (the dexamethasone group), The current study was proposed to see the differences in several outcomes between the severe COVID-19 patients who received usual care plus dexamethasone (the dexamethasone group), and those who did not receive dexamethasone (the usual care group). Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar Pakistan (Isolation units for COVID-19). Patients with severe COVID-19 admitted to hospital from March to July 2020 were included in the study. Data was collected using structured format. Mean differences were calculated using independent sample t test whereas Chi square test was used for determination of association. Results: A total of 193 patients were included in the final analysis. No significant difference in age, gender, respiratory rate, C-reactive protein, and lactate dehydrogenase between the groups was observed. Patients who received usual care plus dexamethasone were discharged earlier from hospital (8.20 ± 1.90 vs. 11.20 ± 2.40, p< 0.001), and had low percentage of mechanical ventilation (MV) requirement (15.10% vs. 28.30%, p = 0.02). Overall mortality was low in dexamethasone group, however no difference in mortality rate between both the two groups was noted (9.80% vs. 19.70%, p = 0.058). Furthermore, in comparison to the usual care group, mortality rate in patients on MV was lower in dexamethasone group (56.50% vs.23.50%, p = 0.03). Conclusion: Patient who received usual care plus dexamethasone had lower hospitalization days; proportion of patients receiving mechanical ventilation as well as days on MV was lower as compared to usual care group. Similarly, mortality in patients requiring MV was also low in dexamethasone group. Large scale experimental studies are needed to confirm these findings.","PeriodicalId":8282,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Internal Medicine Research","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90185695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The pathophysiology of pulmonary hypertension (PH) in sickle cell disease (SCD) is multifactorial: hemolysis, hypercoagulability, hypoxemia, oxidative stress, platelet activation, increased adhesiveness, inflammatory cell activation and genetic susceptibility, all contributing in varying degrees to endothelial dysfunction. Intravascular hemolysis is the main pathological process contributing to vasculopathy by releasing toxic red blood cell products that impair endothelial function, cause hypercoagulable state and drive oxidative and inflammatory stress. Hemolysis induced nitric oxide imbalance is one the most important contributors to high pulmonary artery pressures seen in SCD. Multi-faceted, targeted interventions, before irreversible vasculopathy develops, will allow for improved patient outcomes and life expectancy, stressing the need for a better understanding of the multiple pathophysiological mechanisms involved in the development of PH before considering those patients for targeted therapies. Hemolysis is still considered as the main contributor of PH in SCD but the mechanisms by which it causes PH are still not completely known. This review precisely presents the various pathophysiological mechanisms and factors that have been proposed till date to help the reader get an overview.
{"title":"Pathophysiology of Pulmonary Hypertension in Sickle Cell Disease","authors":"S. Batth, K. Bloom, K. S. Lloyd","doi":"10.26502/AIMR.0066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/AIMR.0066","url":null,"abstract":"The pathophysiology of pulmonary hypertension (PH) in sickle cell disease (SCD) is multifactorial: hemolysis, hypercoagulability, hypoxemia, oxidative stress, platelet activation, increased adhesiveness, inflammatory cell activation and genetic susceptibility, all contributing in varying degrees to endothelial dysfunction. Intravascular hemolysis is the main pathological process contributing to vasculopathy by releasing toxic red blood cell products that impair endothelial function, cause hypercoagulable state and drive oxidative and inflammatory stress. Hemolysis induced nitric oxide imbalance is one the most important contributors to high pulmonary artery pressures seen in SCD. Multi-faceted, targeted interventions, before irreversible vasculopathy develops, will allow for improved patient outcomes and life expectancy, stressing the need for a better understanding of the multiple pathophysiological mechanisms involved in the development of PH before considering those patients for targeted therapies. Hemolysis is still considered as the main contributor of PH in SCD but the mechanisms by which it causes PH are still not completely known. This review precisely presents the various pathophysiological mechanisms and factors that have been proposed till date to help the reader get an overview.","PeriodicalId":8282,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Internal Medicine Research","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88284931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Koilonychia has a myriad of associations with dermatologic and systemic disorders. Iron deficiency isone of the most common causes worldwide. Familia koilonychia is one of the hereditary causes of koilonychia.The genetic mutations causing it is not entirely known. Familial koilonychia is a rare condition and mostly an isolated finding. Its association with male infertility points towards the possibility of it being one of the phenotypes of a systemic disorder that is yet to be known. Male infertility workup should always be started with a semen analysis. A proper history taking and a thorough physical examination in a patient can help reveal many of the underlying conditions unrelated to the cause of presentation in the hospital.
{"title":"Familial Koilonychia Associated with Male Infertility","authors":"Simrat Kaur Batth, I. Thukral, A. Chhabra","doi":"10.26502/aimr.0071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/aimr.0071","url":null,"abstract":"Koilonychia has a myriad of associations with dermatologic and systemic disorders. Iron deficiency isone of the most common causes worldwide. Familia koilonychia is one of the hereditary causes of koilonychia.The genetic mutations causing it is not entirely known. Familial koilonychia is a rare condition and mostly an isolated finding. Its association with male infertility points towards the possibility of it being one of the phenotypes of a systemic disorder that is yet to be known. Male infertility workup should always be started with a semen analysis. A proper history taking and a thorough physical examination in a patient can help reveal many of the underlying conditions unrelated to the cause of presentation in the hospital.","PeriodicalId":8282,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Internal Medicine Research","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89075273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohamed A Suleiman, Shristee Ghimire, Ahmad Mashlah, S. Humayun, Chinwendu Angel Onuegbu, Z. Imtiaz, Adebolanle Ayinde, Nebuwa Chikodili N, Oluwaseun Christiannah Konigbagbe, S. Jahan, Karar Haidar Alameedi, Olasumbo Elizabeth Fagbenle, Odunayo Susan Lawal, Tagbo Charles Nduka, Angel Onuoha
IC laser Eye Care Ophthalmology, Philadelphia, PA, USA University of Science and Technology Chittagong (USTC), Bangladesh Alfaisal University, Saudi Arabia Central Park Medical College, Pakistan All Saints University School of Medicine, Dominica Lahore Medical and Dental College, Pakistan Grodno State Medical University, Belarus Federal Medical Centre, Owerri, Nigeria Windsor University School Of Medicine, Saint Kitts and Nevis Dhaka Medical College, Bangladesh Caribbean Medical University School of Medicine Clinical and Translational Science, University of Arizona, Tucson Kharkiv National Medical University, Ukraine
{"title":"Cognitive Decline in Recovered COVID-19 Patients: An Updated Systematic Review and Recommendations","authors":"Mohamed A Suleiman, Shristee Ghimire, Ahmad Mashlah, S. Humayun, Chinwendu Angel Onuegbu, Z. Imtiaz, Adebolanle Ayinde, Nebuwa Chikodili N, Oluwaseun Christiannah Konigbagbe, S. Jahan, Karar Haidar Alameedi, Olasumbo Elizabeth Fagbenle, Odunayo Susan Lawal, Tagbo Charles Nduka, Angel Onuoha","doi":"10.26502/aimr.0077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/aimr.0077","url":null,"abstract":"IC laser Eye Care Ophthalmology, Philadelphia, PA, USA University of Science and Technology Chittagong (USTC), Bangladesh Alfaisal University, Saudi Arabia Central Park Medical College, Pakistan All Saints University School of Medicine, Dominica Lahore Medical and Dental College, Pakistan Grodno State Medical University, Belarus Federal Medical Centre, Owerri, Nigeria Windsor University School Of Medicine, Saint Kitts and Nevis Dhaka Medical College, Bangladesh Caribbean Medical University School of Medicine Clinical and Translational Science, University of Arizona, Tucson Kharkiv National Medical University, Ukraine","PeriodicalId":8282,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Internal Medicine Research","volume":"169 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85593707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-03DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-32334/v2
Aziza Shaibu Machenje, S. Kibusi, N. Gibore, Athanase Lilungulu, F. Moshi
Background : Pregnancy induced hypertension, including preeclampsia and eclampsia are the major health problem and the main cause of the maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality in Tanzania. The aim of this study was to assess knowledge and myths about preeclampsia and eclampsia and its influence in Antenatal Clinics (ANC) utilization among pregnant women and their male partiners in Mtwara region. Method : A community based cross-sectional analytical study conducted in Mtwara Region, a random sampling procedure was employed to obtain a sample size of 384 pregnant women and their male partners a total of 768 participants (male=384 and female =384). Interviewer structured questionnaire was used for data collection and Statistical package for social science (SPSS v.20) software was used for data entry and analysis. Descriptive statistics, cross tabulation, Principal component analysis (PCA) was conducted and inferential statistics were used to test association between variables obtained. Results: Among 768 participants, male partners 167(43.5%) and pregnant women 171 (44.5%) had adequate knowledge about preeclampsia and eclampsia. More than a half 396(51.6%) of study respondents had weak myths while 372(48.4%) had strong myths on pre-eclampsia and eclampsia. Furthermore, pregnant women 244 (64%) had adequate antenatal care utilization. Study participants who had adequate knowledge on pre-eclampsia and eclampsia were almost 3 times more likely to utilize antenatal care services (AOR = 2.827; CI = 1.719 – 4.651; p<0.001). Study participants who had weak myth on pre-eclampsia and eclampsia were less likely to have adequate antenatal care attendance (AOR= 0.370; CI= 0.229; p< 0.001) Conclusion : The overall knowledge of preeclampsia and eclampsia was low. Majority of the female had adequate antenatal service utilization. Majority of respondents had weak myths. Government and stakeholders should ensure that community is equipped with knowledge about preeclampsia and eclampsia and the available Myths should be dispelled.
{"title":"Knowledge and Myths about Preeclampsia and Eclampsia and its influence on Antenatal Service Utilization among pregnant women and their male partners in Mtwara Region-Tanzania: A Cross Sectional Analytical Study.","authors":"Aziza Shaibu Machenje, S. Kibusi, N. Gibore, Athanase Lilungulu, F. Moshi","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-32334/v2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-32334/v2","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Background : Pregnancy induced hypertension, including preeclampsia and eclampsia are the major health problem and the main cause of the maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality in Tanzania. The aim of this study was to assess knowledge and myths about preeclampsia and eclampsia and its influence in Antenatal Clinics (ANC) utilization among pregnant women and their male partiners in Mtwara region. Method : A community based cross-sectional analytical study conducted in Mtwara Region, a random sampling procedure was employed to obtain a sample size of 384 pregnant women and their male partners a total of 768 participants (male=384 and female =384). Interviewer structured questionnaire was used for data collection and Statistical package for social science (SPSS v.20) software was used for data entry and analysis. Descriptive statistics, cross tabulation, Principal component analysis (PCA) was conducted and inferential statistics were used to test association between variables obtained. Results: Among 768 participants, male partners 167(43.5%) and pregnant women 171 (44.5%) had adequate knowledge about preeclampsia and eclampsia. More than a half 396(51.6%) of study respondents had weak myths while 372(48.4%) had strong myths on pre-eclampsia and eclampsia. Furthermore, pregnant women 244 (64%) had adequate antenatal care utilization. Study participants who had adequate knowledge on pre-eclampsia and eclampsia were almost 3 times more likely to utilize antenatal care services (AOR = 2.827; CI = 1.719 – 4.651; p<0.001). Study participants who had weak myth on pre-eclampsia and eclampsia were less likely to have adequate antenatal care attendance (AOR= 0.370; CI= 0.229; p< 0.001) Conclusion : The overall knowledge of preeclampsia and eclampsia was low. Majority of the female had adequate antenatal service utilization. Majority of respondents had weak myths. Government and stakeholders should ensure that community is equipped with knowledge about preeclampsia and eclampsia and the available Myths should be dispelled.","PeriodicalId":8282,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Internal Medicine Research","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77135527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-16DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-108798/v1
Joelle Suillot, Sophie Zuercher, Lydie Zufferey, J. Sagez
Background: Telemedicine is a healthcare assistance method which has been promoted during the COVID-19 pandemic for the management of patients. The aim of this study is to quantify the type of request that primary care physicians are experiencing, as well as the healthcare assistance modalities and ultimately, how many physical consultations are necessary.Methods: We conducted a prospective, descriptive study in a primary care practice in Switzerland on telephone consultations related to COVID-19. The data collected included the reasons for the call, symptoms, healthcare assistance modalities and follow-up. The categorical variables are expressed as percentages of the total cases or groups.Results: We included 200 calls corresponding to 113 patients. The majority of patients (76.1%) were taken care of solely through telemedicine. The physical consultations were due to the need: for a swab test (12.4%), for a somatic assessment at the practice (9.7%) and for an emergency services consultation (1.8%). In 64.6% of cases, patient assistance required only one phone call. Calls lasted 7.85 minutes on average and were more frequent on Mondays (24%) and Fridays (18.5%). Calls led to the prescription of medication in 12.5% of cases, of a bronchodilator in 3% of cases and of an antibiotic in 0.5% of cases.Conclusion: A rigorous telephone follow-up strategy carried out by primary care physicians requires few physical consultations in patients showing symptoms of COVID-19.
{"title":"Call your doctor: prospective description study of telemedicine during the first COVID-19 outbreak in a Swiss primary care practice","authors":"Joelle Suillot, Sophie Zuercher, Lydie Zufferey, J. Sagez","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-108798/v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-108798/v1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Background: Telemedicine is a healthcare assistance method which has been promoted during the COVID-19 pandemic for the management of patients. The aim of this study is to quantify the type of request that primary care physicians are experiencing, as well as the healthcare assistance modalities and ultimately, how many physical consultations are necessary.Methods: We conducted a prospective, descriptive study in a primary care practice in Switzerland on telephone consultations related to COVID-19. The data collected included the reasons for the call, symptoms, healthcare assistance modalities and follow-up. The categorical variables are expressed as percentages of the total cases or groups.Results: We included 200 calls corresponding to 113 patients. The majority of patients (76.1%) were taken care of solely through telemedicine. The physical consultations were due to the need: for a swab test (12.4%), for a somatic assessment at the practice (9.7%) and for an emergency services consultation (1.8%). In 64.6% of cases, patient assistance required only one phone call. Calls lasted 7.85 minutes on average and were more frequent on Mondays (24%) and Fridays (18.5%). Calls led to the prescription of medication in 12.5% of cases, of a bronchodilator in 3% of cases and of an antibiotic in 0.5% of cases.Conclusion: A rigorous telephone follow-up strategy carried out by primary care physicians requires few physical consultations in patients showing symptoms of COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":8282,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Internal Medicine Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90180347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-08DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-86587/v1
Biplab Ghosh, M. Soni
Background: Dengue fever is a vector-borne tropical disease radically amplified by 30 times in occurrence between 1960 and 2010. The upsurge is considered to be because of urbanization, population growth and climate change. Therefore, Meteorological parameters (temperature, precipitation and relative humidity) have impact on the occurrence and outbreaks of dengue fever. There are not many studies that enumerate the relationship between the dengue cases in a particular locality and the meteorological parameters. This study explores the relationship between the dengue cases and the meteorological parameters. In prevalent localities, it is essential to alleviate the outbreaks using modelling techniques for better disease control.Methods: An artificial neural network (ANN) model was developed for predicting the number of dengue cases by knowing the meteorological parameters. The model was trained with 7 years of dengue fever data of Kamrup and Lakhimpur district of Assam, India. The practicality of the model was corroborated using independent data set with satisfactory outcomes. Findings: It was apparent from the sensitivity analysis that precipitation is more sensitive to the number of dengue cases than other meteorological parameters. Conclusion: This model would assist dengue fever alleviation and control in the long run.
{"title":"Dengue Outbreak Prediction Based on Artificial Neural Networking Model Using Climatic Parameters","authors":"Biplab Ghosh, M. Soni","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-86587/v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-86587/v1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Background: Dengue fever is a vector-borne tropical disease radically amplified by 30 times in occurrence between 1960 and 2010. The upsurge is considered to be because of urbanization, population growth and climate change. Therefore, Meteorological parameters (temperature, precipitation and relative humidity) have impact on the occurrence and outbreaks of dengue fever. There are not many studies that enumerate the relationship between the dengue cases in a particular locality and the meteorological parameters. This study explores the relationship between the dengue cases and the meteorological parameters. In prevalent localities, it is essential to alleviate the outbreaks using modelling techniques for better disease control.Methods: An artificial neural network (ANN) model was developed for predicting the number of dengue cases by knowing the meteorological parameters. The model was trained with 7 years of dengue fever data of Kamrup and Lakhimpur district of Assam, India. The practicality of the model was corroborated using independent data set with satisfactory outcomes. Findings: It was apparent from the sensitivity analysis that precipitation is more sensitive to the number of dengue cases than other meteorological parameters. Conclusion: This model would assist dengue fever alleviation and control in the long run.","PeriodicalId":8282,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Internal Medicine Research","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81096739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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