Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4103/amhs.amhs_195_22
G. Reddy, V. Brahmaiah, B. Kavitha, Jaya Nethagani, E. Palaparthi, R. Lebaka, G. Deepika
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is distinguished by the absence of human epidermal growth factor 2 receptors, estrogen, and progesterone. Due to its destructive character and inability to be treated with current endocrine medications, it has one of the worst prognoses of any breast cancer subtype. The only therapies available are chemo-and/or radiation and surgery, which necessitates the development of new biomarkers or therapeutic targets. Due to of their inherent inclination to operate as antisense regulators and interactors of whole gene set implicated in cancer, microRNAs (miRNAs) are a potential target for TNBC-focused therapy. In this paper, we summarize the role of epigenetics variation with a focus on DNA methylation in TNBC patients. Other biomarkers alterations and interactions with miRNAs may lead to the identification of novel therapy options for TNBC in the future as well.
{"title":"Role of epigenetics variation with focus on DNA Methylation in triple-negative breast cancer patients","authors":"G. Reddy, V. Brahmaiah, B. Kavitha, Jaya Nethagani, E. Palaparthi, R. Lebaka, G. Deepika","doi":"10.4103/amhs.amhs_195_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/amhs.amhs_195_22","url":null,"abstract":"Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is distinguished by the absence of human epidermal growth factor 2 receptors, estrogen, and progesterone. Due to its destructive character and inability to be treated with current endocrine medications, it has one of the worst prognoses of any breast cancer subtype. The only therapies available are chemo-and/or radiation and surgery, which necessitates the development of new biomarkers or therapeutic targets. Due to of their inherent inclination to operate as antisense regulators and interactors of whole gene set implicated in cancer, microRNAs (miRNAs) are a potential target for TNBC-focused therapy. In this paper, we summarize the role of epigenetics variation with a focus on DNA methylation in TNBC patients. Other biomarkers alterations and interactions with miRNAs may lead to the identification of novel therapy options for TNBC in the future as well.","PeriodicalId":8296,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medicine and Health Sciences","volume":"11 1","pages":"96 - 110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43747521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background and Aim: Spinal cord injury (SCI) patients have an increased risk of developing urinary tract infections. The method of bladder drainage influences the risk of urinary tract infection (UTI), and most persons with SCI on per urethral continuous catheterization (CC) or clean intermittent catheterization (CIC) develop urinary tract infection. Identification and treatment of severe UTI with appropriate antibiotics as early as possible is associated with better outcomes in SCI patients. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and causative organisms of symptomatic urinary tract infection in spinal cord injury patients with different bladder management methods. Materials and Methods: A total of 50 patients with SCI were followed up at a rehabilitation centre from Jan 2020 to Dec 2021 in a prospective descriptive study. The demographic status, clinical and laboratory findings of the patients with SCI were studied and the prevalence and causative organisms of symptomatic UTI in these patients with different bladder management methods were analysed. Results: The commonest organisms isolated were E. coli (31%), Pseudomonas (29%) and Klebsiella (21%). The organisms isolated in the UTI were most sensitive to colistin (82%), followed by 59% being sensitive to both imipenem and tigecycline. Least sensitivity was seen to Piperacillin, Ceftriaxone and Levofloxacin. Maximum UTI episodes were seen in cases with CC followed by CIC. Least UTI episodes were seen in cases where supra-pubic cystostomy was done followed by patients who were self-urinating. Conclusion: Symptomatic UTI in SCI patients is more prevalent in patients with CC and CIC. Such patients should be started as early as possible on antibiotics depending on the antibiotic sensitivity pattern of the organisms isolated.
{"title":"Study of prevalence, microbiologic agents, and bladder management methods of urinary tract infections among spinal cord injury patients","authors":"K. Ashta, C. Mohan, B. Nair, S. Arora","doi":"10.4103/amhs.amhs_45_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/amhs.amhs_45_23","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Aim: Spinal cord injury (SCI) patients have an increased risk of developing urinary tract infections. The method of bladder drainage influences the risk of urinary tract infection (UTI), and most persons with SCI on per urethral continuous catheterization (CC) or clean intermittent catheterization (CIC) develop urinary tract infection. Identification and treatment of severe UTI with appropriate antibiotics as early as possible is associated with better outcomes in SCI patients. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and causative organisms of symptomatic urinary tract infection in spinal cord injury patients with different bladder management methods. Materials and Methods: A total of 50 patients with SCI were followed up at a rehabilitation centre from Jan 2020 to Dec 2021 in a prospective descriptive study. The demographic status, clinical and laboratory findings of the patients with SCI were studied and the prevalence and causative organisms of symptomatic UTI in these patients with different bladder management methods were analysed. Results: The commonest organisms isolated were E. coli (31%), Pseudomonas (29%) and Klebsiella (21%). The organisms isolated in the UTI were most sensitive to colistin (82%), followed by 59% being sensitive to both imipenem and tigecycline. Least sensitivity was seen to Piperacillin, Ceftriaxone and Levofloxacin. Maximum UTI episodes were seen in cases with CC followed by CIC. Least UTI episodes were seen in cases where supra-pubic cystostomy was done followed by patients who were self-urinating. Conclusion: Symptomatic UTI in SCI patients is more prevalent in patients with CC and CIC. Such patients should be started as early as possible on antibiotics depending on the antibiotic sensitivity pattern of the organisms isolated.","PeriodicalId":8296,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medicine and Health Sciences","volume":"11 1","pages":"64 - 69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47891049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4103/amhs.amhs_274_22
N. Gupta, K. Sarin, Lav Behl, Sanjeev Uppal
Use of dermal fillers has increased over the years. Various injectable implants are used for soft-tissue augmentation. Penile augmentation practice using dermal fillers is not prevalent in India. Its debilitating effect has been known and the development of chronic granulomatous reaction into a sclerosing lipogranuloma/paraffinoma might occur. Identification and differentiation of certain dermal fillers and their tissue reaction are possible by histopathological examination. We report an unusual case of sclerosing lipogranuloma/paraffinoma of the penis in a 36-year-old married Indian male, following self-administering multiple penile filler injections leading to penile deformity.
{"title":"Penile paraffinoma","authors":"N. Gupta, K. Sarin, Lav Behl, Sanjeev Uppal","doi":"10.4103/amhs.amhs_274_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/amhs.amhs_274_22","url":null,"abstract":"Use of dermal fillers has increased over the years. Various injectable implants are used for soft-tissue augmentation. Penile augmentation practice using dermal fillers is not prevalent in India. Its debilitating effect has been known and the development of chronic granulomatous reaction into a sclerosing lipogranuloma/paraffinoma might occur. Identification and differentiation of certain dermal fillers and their tissue reaction are possible by histopathological examination. We report an unusual case of sclerosing lipogranuloma/paraffinoma of the penis in a 36-year-old married Indian male, following self-administering multiple penile filler injections leading to penile deformity.","PeriodicalId":8296,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medicine and Health Sciences","volume":"11 1","pages":"124 - 126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49316806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4103/amhs.amhs_100_23
CP Manjula, B Meghana
Background and Aim: Esophageal carcinoma is one of the most aggressive malignancies of the gastrointestinal tract. E-cadherin is a transmembrane glycoprotein and its expression is associated with tumor invasiveness, metastasis, survival, and prognosis. The present study aims to compare the pattern of E-cadherin expression in esophageal carcinoma. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective study conducted over a period of 5 years. Expression of E-cadherin was evaluated on paraffin-embedded sections of esophageal carcinoma. The immunoreactive scores (IRSs) were calculated and compared with tumor differentiation. Results: The present study included 45 esophageal biopsies, of which 40 cases were neoplastic and 5 were nonneoplastic. The most common histological type is squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), of which well-differentiated SCC (WDSCC) was 12.5%, moderately differentiated SCC 57.5%, and poorly differentiated SCC (PDSCC) 17.5%. The IRS was highest in WDSCC and least in PDSCC, with a mean score of 7.20 and 1.57, respectively. This difference was statistically significant with P = 0.001. Conclusion: E-cadherin is an important prognostic marker in esophageal SCC. Its expression is inversely correlated with tumor differentiation. WDSCC and AC exhibit strong E-cadherin expression. Reduced expression of E-cadherin is more likely to be associated with PDSCC of the esophagus.
{"title":"A study of E-cadherin expression in esophageal carcinoma","authors":"CP Manjula, B Meghana","doi":"10.4103/amhs.amhs_100_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/amhs.amhs_100_23","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Aim: Esophageal carcinoma is one of the most aggressive malignancies of the gastrointestinal tract. E-cadherin is a transmembrane glycoprotein and its expression is associated with tumor invasiveness, metastasis, survival, and prognosis. The present study aims to compare the pattern of E-cadherin expression in esophageal carcinoma. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective study conducted over a period of 5 years. Expression of E-cadherin was evaluated on paraffin-embedded sections of esophageal carcinoma. The immunoreactive scores (IRSs) were calculated and compared with tumor differentiation. Results: The present study included 45 esophageal biopsies, of which 40 cases were neoplastic and 5 were nonneoplastic. The most common histological type is squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), of which well-differentiated SCC (WDSCC) was 12.5%, moderately differentiated SCC 57.5%, and poorly differentiated SCC (PDSCC) 17.5%. The IRS was highest in WDSCC and least in PDSCC, with a mean score of 7.20 and 1.57, respectively. This difference was statistically significant with P = 0.001. Conclusion: E-cadherin is an important prognostic marker in esophageal SCC. Its expression is inversely correlated with tumor differentiation. WDSCC and AC exhibit strong E-cadherin expression. Reduced expression of E-cadherin is more likely to be associated with PDSCC of the esophagus.","PeriodicalId":8296,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medicine and Health Sciences","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135007912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The state of Kerala stands out as having the highest prevalence of diabetes and coronary artery disease in comparison to other states within India. This observation positions India as the global epicenter for noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), specifically diabetes, and cardiovascular ailments. Kerala is in a highly advanced stage of epidemiological transition, surpassing other states in India. This transition is characterized by factors such as an aging population, a high incidence of NCDs, and elevated levels of morbidity. Kerala boasts a robust health-care system encompassing a strong public sector, further reinforced by a network of private hospitals spread across the state. Moreover, the population of Kerala possesses a high literacy rate. It is well-informed about their rights, while local self-governance and nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) actively collaborate to promote community health. These factors have collectively contributed to the state’s proactive approach toward addressing NCDs. In the domains of surveillance, monitoring, and prevention of NCDs, as well as the prevention of complications arising from these diseases, Kerala has implemented various schemes across the public, private, and NGO sectors. These initiatives encompass activities to raise awareness about NCDs, provide treatment options, and focus on preventive measures. By documenting and highlighting these schemes, Kerala’s health-care system and its achievements can serve as a roadmap for the rest of the country, outlining strategies for prevention, monitoring, and therapeutic interventions. It is imperative that other states within India, as well as low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) at large, adopt and adapt the processes and practices established by Kerala to effectively combat the NCDs pandemic. By following this path, the nation and other LMICs can effectively confront the challenges posed by NCDs and work toward improving their populations’ overall health and well-being.
{"title":"Consequences of the epidemiologic transition in Kerala, India – A public–private-partnership model of health care: A critical analysis","authors":"JaideepC Menon, Aswathy Sreedevi, Chandrashekar Janakiram","doi":"10.4103/amhs.amhs_2_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/amhs.amhs_2_23","url":null,"abstract":"The state of Kerala stands out as having the highest prevalence of diabetes and coronary artery disease in comparison to other states within India. This observation positions India as the global epicenter for noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), specifically diabetes, and cardiovascular ailments. Kerala is in a highly advanced stage of epidemiological transition, surpassing other states in India. This transition is characterized by factors such as an aging population, a high incidence of NCDs, and elevated levels of morbidity. Kerala boasts a robust health-care system encompassing a strong public sector, further reinforced by a network of private hospitals spread across the state. Moreover, the population of Kerala possesses a high literacy rate. It is well-informed about their rights, while local self-governance and nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) actively collaborate to promote community health. These factors have collectively contributed to the state’s proactive approach toward addressing NCDs. In the domains of surveillance, monitoring, and prevention of NCDs, as well as the prevention of complications arising from these diseases, Kerala has implemented various schemes across the public, private, and NGO sectors. These initiatives encompass activities to raise awareness about NCDs, provide treatment options, and focus on preventive measures. By documenting and highlighting these schemes, Kerala’s health-care system and its achievements can serve as a roadmap for the rest of the country, outlining strategies for prevention, monitoring, and therapeutic interventions. It is imperative that other states within India, as well as low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) at large, adopt and adapt the processes and practices established by Kerala to effectively combat the NCDs pandemic. By following this path, the nation and other LMICs can effectively confront the challenges posed by NCDs and work toward improving their populations’ overall health and well-being.","PeriodicalId":8296,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medicine and Health Sciences","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135008139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background and Aim: As gymnast required good flexibility, therefore they are trained accordingly by overstretching and creating overstressed on joints, muscles and tendons which eventually end up in loss of control on joint motion and lead to excessive range of motion. The purpose of this study is to find out the correlation between flexibility of the muscles and balance in young gymnast. Materials and Methods: Total 123 elite gymnast, age group (10-18) years, females and males. Selected using convenient sampling method. Permission was taken from institutional ethical committee for the cross-sectional study design. Demographic data was collected followed by assessment. Stork balance test it is used for static balance and Lower quarter “Y” balance test used for dynamic balance. As well Joint hypermobility was assessed using Beighton 9-point scoring system. Data was processed using the excel (version 16) basic parameters were calculated: arithmetic mean and statistical analysis (Pearson correlation) was used to correlate. Results: 74 gymnasts were selected according to inclusive criteria out of which 75% female (n = 56) and 24% male (n = 18). The data was divided according to gender, and type of sports. Result derived that correlation coefficient between Beighton and stork test and between Beighton and Y balance in females playing rhythmic gymnastics is (r = 0.1) and (r = 0.05), and for males playing artistic gymnastics is (r = -0.23) for both tests. Conclusion: In present study, positive correlation coefficient was found in females playing rhythmic gymnast while negative correlation was found in male playing artistic gymnasts related to hypermobility and balance.
{"title":"Correlation between joint hypermobility and balance in Indian elite gymnasts","authors":"Rashmi Kocheta, Rima Musale, Nilesh Andhare","doi":"10.4103/amhs.amhs_64_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/amhs.amhs_64_23","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Aim: As gymnast required good flexibility, therefore they are trained accordingly by overstretching and creating overstressed on joints, muscles and tendons which eventually end up in loss of control on joint motion and lead to excessive range of motion. The purpose of this study is to find out the correlation between flexibility of the muscles and balance in young gymnast. Materials and Methods: Total 123 elite gymnast, age group (10-18) years, females and males. Selected using convenient sampling method. Permission was taken from institutional ethical committee for the cross-sectional study design. Demographic data was collected followed by assessment. Stork balance test it is used for static balance and Lower quarter “Y” balance test used for dynamic balance. As well Joint hypermobility was assessed using Beighton 9-point scoring system. Data was processed using the excel (version 16) basic parameters were calculated: arithmetic mean and statistical analysis (Pearson correlation) was used to correlate. Results: 74 gymnasts were selected according to inclusive criteria out of which 75% female (n = 56) and 24% male (n = 18). The data was divided according to gender, and type of sports. Result derived that correlation coefficient between Beighton and stork test and between Beighton and Y balance in females playing rhythmic gymnastics is (r = 0.1) and (r = 0.05), and for males playing artistic gymnastics is (r = -0.23) for both tests. Conclusion: In present study, positive correlation coefficient was found in females playing rhythmic gymnast while negative correlation was found in male playing artistic gymnasts related to hypermobility and balance.","PeriodicalId":8296,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medicine and Health Sciences","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136373384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Buruli ulcer (BU) is a disfiguring infective skin lesion caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans. If untreated, BU may lead to extensive soft-tissue loss and other complications. The objective of this study is to highlight the challenges encountered in the diagnosis and management of a patient with BU in our hospital. The patient is a 5-year-old boy who presented with an extensive nonhealing ulcer, knee deformity, and fever. He was initially managed as a case of nonspecific ulcer. A recurrence of the ulcer with loss of part of the skin grafts a week after discharge led to the clinical suspicion of BU which was confirmed using microscopy. In South Western Nigeria, the major constraint in the management of BU includes underdiagnosing of the disease because it is not often screened for due to absence or insufficient standard diagnostic instruments dedicated for that purpose.
{"title":"Challenges in the management of Buruli ulcer in Nigeria – A case report and literature review","authors":"O. Ilori, O. Ilori, A. Alabi, S. Adedokun","doi":"10.4103/amhs.amhs_26_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/amhs.amhs_26_23","url":null,"abstract":"Buruli ulcer (BU) is a disfiguring infective skin lesion caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans. If untreated, BU may lead to extensive soft-tissue loss and other complications. The objective of this study is to highlight the challenges encountered in the diagnosis and management of a patient with BU in our hospital. The patient is a 5-year-old boy who presented with an extensive nonhealing ulcer, knee deformity, and fever. He was initially managed as a case of nonspecific ulcer. A recurrence of the ulcer with loss of part of the skin grafts a week after discharge led to the clinical suspicion of BU which was confirmed using microscopy. In South Western Nigeria, the major constraint in the management of BU includes underdiagnosing of the disease because it is not often screened for due to absence or insufficient standard diagnostic instruments dedicated for that purpose.","PeriodicalId":8296,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medicine and Health Sciences","volume":"11 1","pages":"127 - 130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48662664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4103/amhs.amhs_215_23
Anil Kakunje
{"title":"Life lessons from the stock market","authors":"Anil Kakunje","doi":"10.4103/amhs.amhs_215_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/amhs.amhs_215_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8296,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medicine and Health Sciences","volume":"2013 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135008124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
1Department of Nursing, SGRD College of Nursing, SGRD University of Health Sciences, Amritsar, Punjab, India 2Institute of Nursing, University Regional Centre, Baba Farid University of Health Sciences, Goindwal Sahib, Tarn-Taran, Punjab, India Address for correspondence: Prof. Gopal Singh Charan, SGRD College of Nursing, Mehta Road, Vallah, Amritsar, Punjab, India. E-mail: [email protected] Received April 22, 2023 Received in revised form May 23, 2023 Accepted May 24, 2023
{"title":"The unseen strain on health-care professionals: Exploring phantom vibration syndrome","authors":"GopalSingh Charan, Charanjit Kaur, Amanpreet Kaur","doi":"10.4103/amhs.amhs_92_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/amhs.amhs_92_23","url":null,"abstract":"1Department of Nursing, SGRD College of Nursing, SGRD University of Health Sciences, Amritsar, Punjab, India 2Institute of Nursing, University Regional Centre, Baba Farid University of Health Sciences, Goindwal Sahib, Tarn-Taran, Punjab, India Address for correspondence: Prof. Gopal Singh Charan, SGRD College of Nursing, Mehta Road, Vallah, Amritsar, Punjab, India. E-mail: [email protected] Received April 22, 2023 Received in revised form May 23, 2023 Accepted May 24, 2023","PeriodicalId":8296,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medicine and Health Sciences","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135008126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
KV Sreejith, B Arun, VK Anjana, K Sumesh, MohindC Mohan
Antimicrobial resistance is considered one of the most important and severe global public health threats. Carbapenems are the drug of choice that can be employed in treating severe bacterial infections and emergency scenarios caused by multidrug-resistant infections. In the present situation, resistance to carbapenem has emerged as a significant global public health problem due to its complications in hospitalized settings. Carbapenems were once considered the backbone of treating life-threatening infections, but with the emergence of resistance, their utility as a life-saving drug has been compromised. The nonfermenting Gram-negative bacteria (NFGNB) are a group of organisms with the potential to cause difficulties in treating life-threatening infections, often in the cases of immunocompromised patients with multiple preexisting comorbidities. Most of the members in this group are intrinsically resistant to multiple antibiotics and carbapenems are the drug of choice for such infections. However, the rate of carbapenem resistance in NFGNB is gradually increasing worldwide and the need to study the mechanism of carbapenem resistance in nonfermenting Gram-negative bacilli is very important in the combat against multidrug-resistant infections. This review emphasizes the characteristics of the NFGNB, their clinical impact, detection of resistance, and the other applicable treatment strategies.
{"title":"An update on carbapenem resistance in nonfermenting gram-negative bacteria","authors":"KV Sreejith, B Arun, VK Anjana, K Sumesh, MohindC Mohan","doi":"10.4103/amhs.amhs_87_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/amhs.amhs_87_23","url":null,"abstract":"Antimicrobial resistance is considered one of the most important and severe global public health threats. Carbapenems are the drug of choice that can be employed in treating severe bacterial infections and emergency scenarios caused by multidrug-resistant infections. In the present situation, resistance to carbapenem has emerged as a significant global public health problem due to its complications in hospitalized settings. Carbapenems were once considered the backbone of treating life-threatening infections, but with the emergence of resistance, their utility as a life-saving drug has been compromised. The nonfermenting Gram-negative bacteria (NFGNB) are a group of organisms with the potential to cause difficulties in treating life-threatening infections, often in the cases of immunocompromised patients with multiple preexisting comorbidities. Most of the members in this group are intrinsically resistant to multiple antibiotics and carbapenems are the drug of choice for such infections. However, the rate of carbapenem resistance in NFGNB is gradually increasing worldwide and the need to study the mechanism of carbapenem resistance in nonfermenting Gram-negative bacilli is very important in the combat against multidrug-resistant infections. This review emphasizes the characteristics of the NFGNB, their clinical impact, detection of resistance, and the other applicable treatment strategies.","PeriodicalId":8296,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medicine and Health Sciences","volume":"88 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135008392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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