Pub Date : 2022-11-26DOI: 10.1080/03235408.2022.2161293
T. Askary, A. Bhat, R. A. Machado, M. Ahmad, M. Abd-Elgawad, A. Khan, M. Gani
Abstract Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) are key biocontrol agents against various insect pests such as pests of stored foods, when other control measures, such as pesticides are not appropriate. We evaluated the virulence and reproductive potential of four EPN isolates: Heterorhabditis bacteriophora MK263023, H. bacteriophora MK256358, H. bacteriophora MK256378 and S. cholashanense MH128155 against the larvae of the rice meal moth. These isolates were highly effective against the 4th instar larvae of the insect. All the isolates killed 100% of the insects within 24–48 h using 200 infective juveniles (IJs)/larvae. Similar mortality rates were observed at lower nematode concentrations, but more time was required. Heterorhabditis bacteriophora MK256358 and S. cholashanense MH128155 showed the best performance in killing and reproductive potential. Our results open new avenues for the potential of indigenous EPNs to effectively control this insect and set the basis for establishing safe strategy in its management programs in India.
{"title":"Virulence and reproductive potential of Indian entomopathogenic nematodes against the larvae of the rice meal moth","authors":"T. Askary, A. Bhat, R. A. Machado, M. Ahmad, M. Abd-Elgawad, A. Khan, M. Gani","doi":"10.1080/03235408.2022.2161293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03235408.2022.2161293","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) are key biocontrol agents against various insect pests such as pests of stored foods, when other control measures, such as pesticides are not appropriate. We evaluated the virulence and reproductive potential of four EPN isolates: Heterorhabditis bacteriophora MK263023, H. bacteriophora MK256358, H. bacteriophora MK256378 and S. cholashanense MH128155 against the larvae of the rice meal moth. These isolates were highly effective against the 4th instar larvae of the insect. All the isolates killed 100% of the insects within 24–48 h using 200 infective juveniles (IJs)/larvae. Similar mortality rates were observed at lower nematode concentrations, but more time was required. Heterorhabditis bacteriophora MK256358 and S. cholashanense MH128155 showed the best performance in killing and reproductive potential. Our results open new avenues for the potential of indigenous EPNs to effectively control this insect and set the basis for establishing safe strategy in its management programs in India.","PeriodicalId":8323,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection","volume":"55 1","pages":"2237 - 2249"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46465871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-26DOI: 10.1080/03235408.2022.2158513
Saeed Ullah, S. Hussain, A. Nadeem, A. Fareed
Abstract Maydis leaf blight, is an important disease of maize in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) – Pakistan. Knowledge about distribution pattern of a disease in an area is helpful for adoption of appropriate disease management strategy. Therefore, an extensive survey of the disease was conducted in southern districts of the province in 2020. Four union council in each district and five fields per union council were assessed in “X” shaped pattern. The highest disease incidence was found in district Bannu (78.05%) while least was detected in district Tank (39.84%). Similarly, the isolates of Bannu and Kohat districts exhibited larger colony diameter and spore size than other isolates. Yield losses were also assessed based on attainable and actual yield. The highest value of area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) was observed for cultivar Azam (229.7). Regression analysis indicated that a unit (1%) increase in AUDPC value increased yield loss by 7.6%.
{"title":"Distribution of Bipolaris maydis in southern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) – Pakistan and estimation of yield losses in maize crop","authors":"Saeed Ullah, S. Hussain, A. Nadeem, A. Fareed","doi":"10.1080/03235408.2022.2158513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03235408.2022.2158513","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Maydis leaf blight, is an important disease of maize in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) – Pakistan. Knowledge about distribution pattern of a disease in an area is helpful for adoption of appropriate disease management strategy. Therefore, an extensive survey of the disease was conducted in southern districts of the province in 2020. Four union council in each district and five fields per union council were assessed in “X” shaped pattern. The highest disease incidence was found in district Bannu (78.05%) while least was detected in district Tank (39.84%). Similarly, the isolates of Bannu and Kohat districts exhibited larger colony diameter and spore size than other isolates. Yield losses were also assessed based on attainable and actual yield. The highest value of area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) was observed for cultivar Azam (229.7). Regression analysis indicated that a unit (1%) increase in AUDPC value increased yield loss by 7.6%.","PeriodicalId":8323,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection","volume":"55 1","pages":"2200 - 2217"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47560625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-26DOI: 10.1080/03235408.2022.2164166
M. Chaithra, N. Pankaja, P. S. Benherlal, H. Mahesh
Abstract In order to understand the use of micro farming specific local bio-control agents against the foliar pathogens, twenty-one Trichoderma isolates were collected from different cropping locations of Karnataka. In morphological characterization: all colonies were appeared dark green with flat, even/uneven growth with 2–4 concentric rings and sporulation was observed after 2–4 days after inoculation on potato dextrose agar medium. The length × width of conidia and phialides varied from 2.5–4.6 μm × 2.5–4.6 μm and 6–11.3 μm × 2–3.5 μm respectively. In Basic Local Alignment Search Tool analysis of 5.8S-ITS region was amplified using ITS-4 and 5. These results assisted in species identification and classified into five clades (T. harzianum: 11, T. asperellum; 5, T. virde; 2, T. virens; 2 and T. longibrachiatum; 1). Further, in antagonistic activity, RMlO exhibited highest growth inhibition of Asperisporium caricae (96.30%), Pyricularia oryzae (97.03%) and Bipolaris oryzae (100%)) significantly over the commercial isolate (A. caricae (85.93%); P. oryzae (89.38%) and B. oryzae (91.92%)).
{"title":"Micro-farming specific morpho-molecular characterization of Trichoderma isolates and its bio-control potential against foliar fungal plant pathogens","authors":"M. Chaithra, N. Pankaja, P. S. Benherlal, H. Mahesh","doi":"10.1080/03235408.2022.2164166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03235408.2022.2164166","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In order to understand the use of micro farming specific local bio-control agents against the foliar pathogens, twenty-one Trichoderma isolates were collected from different cropping locations of Karnataka. In morphological characterization: all colonies were appeared dark green with flat, even/uneven growth with 2–4 concentric rings and sporulation was observed after 2–4 days after inoculation on potato dextrose agar medium. The length × width of conidia and phialides varied from 2.5–4.6 μm × 2.5–4.6 μm and 6–11.3 μm × 2–3.5 μm respectively. In Basic Local Alignment Search Tool analysis of 5.8S-ITS region was amplified using ITS-4 and 5. These results assisted in species identification and classified into five clades (T. harzianum: 11, T. asperellum; 5, T. virde; 2, T. virens; 2 and T. longibrachiatum; 1). Further, in antagonistic activity, RMlO exhibited highest growth inhibition of Asperisporium caricae (96.30%), Pyricularia oryzae (97.03%) and Bipolaris oryzae (100%)) significantly over the commercial isolate (A. caricae (85.93%); P. oryzae (89.38%) and B. oryzae (91.92%)).","PeriodicalId":8323,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection","volume":"55 1","pages":"2250 - 2281"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42428154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-26DOI: 10.1080/03235408.2022.2161291
S. Yazdani-Khameneh, S. Wylie, A. Golnaraghi, F. Rakhshandehroo
Abstract Fungal endophytes were identified associated with leaves, stems and roots of wild grasses (Poaceae) and sedges (Cyperaceae) residing in Hyrcanian Forests, some of the most unique and unspoiled forest systems in the world. The plants grew in two climatically-distinct regions of Golestan and Semnan provinces of Iran. Endophytic fungi isolated from these plants were categorised into 27 morphogroups based on physical attributes measured in vitro. Sequence diversity was estimated from the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the ribosomal DNA gene. Of the 53 isolates characterised in this study, identification of only one isolate was conclusive at the species level. Twenty-eight isolates were identified to the level of genus, belonging to seven families and six orders, six isolates to the level of family, 13 at the level of order, one to the super family, and four to the subphylum. Members of the genera Fusarium and Alternaria, and of the families Necteriaceae, Pleosporaceae and Trichocomaceae were the most abundant fungal endophytes identified. Several endophytes resembled those of fungal pathogens. This study advances our understanding of endophytic fungal communities of indigenous grasses and sedges in Hyrcanian Forests.
{"title":"Diverse endophytic fungi colonise wild endemic grasses and sedges in Hyrcanian Forests","authors":"S. Yazdani-Khameneh, S. Wylie, A. Golnaraghi, F. Rakhshandehroo","doi":"10.1080/03235408.2022.2161291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03235408.2022.2161291","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Fungal endophytes were identified associated with leaves, stems and roots of wild grasses (Poaceae) and sedges (Cyperaceae) residing in Hyrcanian Forests, some of the most unique and unspoiled forest systems in the world. The plants grew in two climatically-distinct regions of Golestan and Semnan provinces of Iran. Endophytic fungi isolated from these plants were categorised into 27 morphogroups based on physical attributes measured in vitro. Sequence diversity was estimated from the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the ribosomal DNA gene. Of the 53 isolates characterised in this study, identification of only one isolate was conclusive at the species level. Twenty-eight isolates were identified to the level of genus, belonging to seven families and six orders, six isolates to the level of family, 13 at the level of order, one to the super family, and four to the subphylum. Members of the genera Fusarium and Alternaria, and of the families Necteriaceae, Pleosporaceae and Trichocomaceae were the most abundant fungal endophytes identified. Several endophytes resembled those of fungal pathogens. This study advances our understanding of endophytic fungal communities of indigenous grasses and sedges in Hyrcanian Forests.","PeriodicalId":8323,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection","volume":"55 1","pages":"2218 - 2236"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43336354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-08DOI: 10.1080/03235408.2022.2140469
P. R, B. S., Murugesan N V, Prabhakaran N, RadheshKrishnan S, L. K
Abstract A study was conducted to isolate efficient biocontrol agent against agriculturally important plant pathogens. Isolated fungus was identified using morphological and molecular characters and evaluated against plant pathogens. Isolated culture was identified as Trichoderma longibrachiatum based on morphological and cultural characteristics. The isolate (TL-RD-01) was able to solubilize the zinc and able to produce the indole 3 acetic acid of about 32.01 μg/ml. To optimize the growth media different carbon and nitrogen sources were studied. Maltose, Corn flour, Peptone and Yeast Extract used media attained maximum growth of T. longibrachiatum. The pH (5 to 6) and temperature (25 °C to 30 °C) was optimized for the growth of T. longibrachiatum TL-RD-01. Molecular identification based on internal transcribed spacer 1 and 2 region (ITS1 and ITS2) sequence analysis have been further confirmed as T. longibrachiatum. The phylogenetic analysis of above ITS gene sequences were carried out. T. longibrachiatum isolate was clearly separated with ITS sequence’s analysis with other species of Trichoderma. Mycoparasitic effect of T. longibrachiatum was carried out by dual plate technique against agriculturally important plant pathogens viz., Macrophomina phaseolina, Phytopthora infestans, Collectrotrichum gleosporides (Mango) and Colletotrichum falcatum. Pathogen inhibition effect of T. longibrachiatum isolate was in between 50% to 81.94%. As per the investigation, Trichoderma longibrachiatum (TL-RD-01) could be deployed as a biocontrol agent and a biostimulant.
{"title":"Characterization and biocontrol potential of Trichoderma longibrachiatum TL-RD-01 against plant pathogens","authors":"P. R, B. S., Murugesan N V, Prabhakaran N, RadheshKrishnan S, L. K","doi":"10.1080/03235408.2022.2140469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03235408.2022.2140469","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A study was conducted to isolate efficient biocontrol agent against agriculturally important plant pathogens. Isolated fungus was identified using morphological and molecular characters and evaluated against plant pathogens. Isolated culture was identified as Trichoderma longibrachiatum based on morphological and cultural characteristics. The isolate (TL-RD-01) was able to solubilize the zinc and able to produce the indole 3 acetic acid of about 32.01 μg/ml. To optimize the growth media different carbon and nitrogen sources were studied. Maltose, Corn flour, Peptone and Yeast Extract used media attained maximum growth of T. longibrachiatum. The pH (5 to 6) and temperature (25 °C to 30 °C) was optimized for the growth of T. longibrachiatum TL-RD-01. Molecular identification based on internal transcribed spacer 1 and 2 region (ITS1 and ITS2) sequence analysis have been further confirmed as T. longibrachiatum. The phylogenetic analysis of above ITS gene sequences were carried out. T. longibrachiatum isolate was clearly separated with ITS sequence’s analysis with other species of Trichoderma. Mycoparasitic effect of T. longibrachiatum was carried out by dual plate technique against agriculturally important plant pathogens viz., Macrophomina phaseolina, Phytopthora infestans, Collectrotrichum gleosporides (Mango) and Colletotrichum falcatum. Pathogen inhibition effect of T. longibrachiatum isolate was in between 50% to 81.94%. As per the investigation, Trichoderma longibrachiatum (TL-RD-01) could be deployed as a biocontrol agent and a biostimulant.","PeriodicalId":8323,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection","volume":"55 1","pages":"2111 - 2129"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48530862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-08DOI: 10.1080/03235408.2022.2156030
H. Alahyane, M. Ouknin, A. Aimrane, H. Aboussaid, L. Majidi, K. Oufdou, S. EL MESSOUSSI
Abstract Amblyseius andersoni and Amblyseius swirskii are used to control the citrus pest Eutetranychus orientalis. Field experiments were conducted in Marrakech region for two months (November and December) in 2018 to evaluate the control effect of these predator species releases. In the control of E. orientalis population, Amblyseius andersoni with100 mites/tree reduced the densities under 3 motiles/leaf, while rates of 25 and 50 mites/tree these were maintained between 8.93 and 4.76 motiles per leaves, and between 12.16 and 4.33 eggs per leaves 5 and 6 weeks after treatment (WAT). Nevertheless, Amblyseius swirskii showed moderate performance, especially with 100 mites/tree densities ranged between 3.45 and 3.52 motiles per leaves, and between 14.8 and 9.46 eggs per leaves 5 and 6 WAT. The combination of both predators showed no significant difference to the former results. In summary, the two predators showed the potential to control E. orientalis in Moroccan citrus.
{"title":"Evaluation of Amblyseius swirskii Athias-Henriot and Amblyseius andersoni (Chant) (Acari: Phytoseiidae) as biological control agents of Eutetranychus orientalis (Klein) (Acari: Tetranychidae) on citrus","authors":"H. Alahyane, M. Ouknin, A. Aimrane, H. Aboussaid, L. Majidi, K. Oufdou, S. EL MESSOUSSI","doi":"10.1080/03235408.2022.2156030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03235408.2022.2156030","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Amblyseius andersoni and Amblyseius swirskii are used to control the citrus pest Eutetranychus orientalis. Field experiments were conducted in Marrakech region for two months (November and December) in 2018 to evaluate the control effect of these predator species releases. In the control of E. orientalis population, Amblyseius andersoni with100 mites/tree reduced the densities under 3 motiles/leaf, while rates of 25 and 50 mites/tree these were maintained between 8.93 and 4.76 motiles per leaves, and between 12.16 and 4.33 eggs per leaves 5 and 6 weeks after treatment (WAT). Nevertheless, Amblyseius swirskii showed moderate performance, especially with 100 mites/tree densities ranged between 3.45 and 3.52 motiles per leaves, and between 14.8 and 9.46 eggs per leaves 5 and 6 WAT. The combination of both predators showed no significant difference to the former results. In summary, the two predators showed the potential to control E. orientalis in Moroccan citrus.","PeriodicalId":8323,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection","volume":"55 1","pages":"2158 - 2176"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42284366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-08DOI: 10.1080/03235408.2022.2156028
N. Tiwari, R. K. Jain, M. Prajapati, J. Singh, Seweta Srivastava, A. Tiwari, C. Marcone
Abstract Symptoms of yellow discoloration, curling of leaves, and little leaves with excessive branching were observed on Withania somnifera and Capsicum annum plants, with an average incidence of 5 and 8%, respectively, in Hardoi District of Uttar Pradesh, India during 2016–17 and 2017–18. The little leaf and excessive branching suggested the possibility of phytoplasma association. However, the presence of whiteflies in the vicinity and leaf curling suggested begomovirus infection. Three leaf samples from Withania somnifera and Capsicum annum symptomatic plants and one from non-symptomatic leaf were used for DNA isolation and were subjected to PCR using P1/P6 primers and nested PCR R16F2n/R16r2 primers, respectively, for the detection of phytoplasma. The begomovirus coat protein-specific primer AV1F/AV1R was used to detect begomovirus infection. Nested PCR amplified the ∼1.2 kb amplicon in all six symptomatic leaves and no amplification was observed in non-symptomatic leaves. The CP region primer yielded ∼800 bp amplicons in all three symptomatic samples of each plant. Amplified products from both primers were eluted, purified, and sequenced. The phytoplasma sequence obtained from Withania somnifera (MH789552) shared the highest sequence identity (99.92%) with other isolates of a clover proliferation group (16SrVI-D) group of phytoplasmas. However, Capsicum annum plants shared the highest identity (99%) with the Ca. P. asteris-related (16SrI-B) group of phytoplasma. In silico RFLP analysis of the 1.2 kbp product of the 16S rRNA sequence of the W. somnifera and C. annum phytoplasma strains submitted to the pDRAW32 tool (https://www.acaclone.com/) and phylogenetic analysis through the MEGA 6.0 tool confirmed that it as a member of the 16SrVI-D subgroup and 16SrI-B subgroup, respectively. The CP gene sequence of the W. somnifera isolate (MW176071) showed maximum identity (99%) with several isolates of the Tomato leaf curl virus reported from various places in India. However, the C. annum isolate (MW420480) shared maximum identity with the Ageratum enation virus. The investigation confirmed the mixed infection of ToLCV and 16SrVI-D group phytoplasma in the W. somnifera plant and 16SrI-B alongwith AEV in C. annum plants.
{"title":"Evidence of mixed infection of phytoplasma and begomovirus associated with Withania somnifera and Capsicum annum plants from Uttar Pradesh, India","authors":"N. Tiwari, R. K. Jain, M. Prajapati, J. Singh, Seweta Srivastava, A. Tiwari, C. Marcone","doi":"10.1080/03235408.2022.2156028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03235408.2022.2156028","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Symptoms of yellow discoloration, curling of leaves, and little leaves with excessive branching were observed on Withania somnifera and Capsicum annum plants, with an average incidence of 5 and 8%, respectively, in Hardoi District of Uttar Pradesh, India during 2016–17 and 2017–18. The little leaf and excessive branching suggested the possibility of phytoplasma association. However, the presence of whiteflies in the vicinity and leaf curling suggested begomovirus infection. Three leaf samples from Withania somnifera and Capsicum annum symptomatic plants and one from non-symptomatic leaf were used for DNA isolation and were subjected to PCR using P1/P6 primers and nested PCR R16F2n/R16r2 primers, respectively, for the detection of phytoplasma. The begomovirus coat protein-specific primer AV1F/AV1R was used to detect begomovirus infection. Nested PCR amplified the ∼1.2 kb amplicon in all six symptomatic leaves and no amplification was observed in non-symptomatic leaves. The CP region primer yielded ∼800 bp amplicons in all three symptomatic samples of each plant. Amplified products from both primers were eluted, purified, and sequenced. The phytoplasma sequence obtained from Withania somnifera (MH789552) shared the highest sequence identity (99.92%) with other isolates of a clover proliferation group (16SrVI-D) group of phytoplasmas. However, Capsicum annum plants shared the highest identity (99%) with the Ca. P. asteris-related (16SrI-B) group of phytoplasma. In silico RFLP analysis of the 1.2 kbp product of the 16S rRNA sequence of the W. somnifera and C. annum phytoplasma strains submitted to the pDRAW32 tool (https://www.acaclone.com/) and phylogenetic analysis through the MEGA 6.0 tool confirmed that it as a member of the 16SrVI-D subgroup and 16SrI-B subgroup, respectively. The CP gene sequence of the W. somnifera isolate (MW176071) showed maximum identity (99%) with several isolates of the Tomato leaf curl virus reported from various places in India. However, the C. annum isolate (MW420480) shared maximum identity with the Ageratum enation virus. The investigation confirmed the mixed infection of ToLCV and 16SrVI-D group phytoplasma in the W. somnifera plant and 16SrI-B alongwith AEV in C. annum plants.","PeriodicalId":8323,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection","volume":"55 1","pages":"2146 - 2157"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48487388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-03DOI: 10.1080/03235408.2022.2141621
N. Tanjila, Shaikhul Islam, M. S. Akhter, M. Alam, M. Begum
Abstract Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc causing foot rot disease which is one of the major limiting factor for betelvine cultivation in Bangladesh. In this study, we have evaluated the antifungal activity of medicinal plant extracts, chemical fungicides, and antagonistic fungal isolates on mycelial growth of Sclerotium rolfsii. Among the tested medicinal plants, the highest percent inhibition was exhibited by leaf extracts of Datura metel and Lowsonia inermis L. in all three solvents (aqueous; ethanol and acetone) and concentrations. The chemicals fungicides - Bavistin DF (Carbendazim) and Dithane M-45 (Mancozeb), effectively inhibited the growth of the S. rolfsii. However, at lower concentrations, other tested fungicides were found to be less effective. Among the six biological control agents, Trichoderma harzianum showed the highest percent inhibition of radial growth of S. rolfsii. The secondary metabolites of T. harzianum and T. viride significantly reduced the mycelial growth of S. rolfsii.
{"title":"In vitro effects of different fungicides (botanicals, chemicals, and bio-agents) on mycelial growth of Sclerotium rolfsii causing betel vine (Piper betle L) foot rot disease in Bangladesh","authors":"N. Tanjila, Shaikhul Islam, M. S. Akhter, M. Alam, M. Begum","doi":"10.1080/03235408.2022.2141621","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03235408.2022.2141621","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc causing foot rot disease which is one of the major limiting factor for betelvine cultivation in Bangladesh. In this study, we have evaluated the antifungal activity of medicinal plant extracts, chemical fungicides, and antagonistic fungal isolates on mycelial growth of Sclerotium rolfsii. Among the tested medicinal plants, the highest percent inhibition was exhibited by leaf extracts of Datura metel and Lowsonia inermis L. in all three solvents (aqueous; ethanol and acetone) and concentrations. The chemicals fungicides - Bavistin DF (Carbendazim) and Dithane M-45 (Mancozeb), effectively inhibited the growth of the S. rolfsii. However, at lower concentrations, other tested fungicides were found to be less effective. Among the six biological control agents, Trichoderma harzianum showed the highest percent inhibition of radial growth of S. rolfsii. The secondary metabolites of T. harzianum and T. viride significantly reduced the mycelial growth of S. rolfsii.","PeriodicalId":8323,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection","volume":"55 1","pages":"2130 - 2145"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44784599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-02DOI: 10.1080/03235408.2022.2139764
Ivayani, A. Widiastuti, Suryanti, Radix Suharjo, A. Priyatmojo
Abstract Rice sheath rot caused by some pathogens. It occurs in the upper leaf sheath that wraps the rice panicle, its major features are rotting, discoloration, sometimes affecting rice grain production. Lampung is an important rice-producing area in Indonesia. Currently, rice sheath rot in the area is reportedly caused by Fusarium sulawesiense and Fusarium hainanense. This study aimed to identify the rice sheath rot pathogen accurately by sampling locations at varying altitudes, plant ages, and varieties in Lampung Sampling was conducted in Lampung, infected plants were collected and the pathogen isolates were molecularly characterized on the basis of DNA sequence data for the internal transcribed spacer and translation elongation factor 1-α. Pathogenicity test results showed that 16 fungal isolates caused rice sheath rot. These isolates were identified as Sarocladium oryzae, Fusarium bubalinum, F. hainanense, Setophoma poaceicola, Curvularia geniculata, and Alternaria padwickii. This study is the first to report that S. poaceicola is a pathogen of rice sheath rot.
{"title":"Fungi associated with rice sheath rot in Lampung, Indonesia","authors":"Ivayani, A. Widiastuti, Suryanti, Radix Suharjo, A. Priyatmojo","doi":"10.1080/03235408.2022.2139764","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03235408.2022.2139764","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Rice sheath rot caused by some pathogens. It occurs in the upper leaf sheath that wraps the rice panicle, its major features are rotting, discoloration, sometimes affecting rice grain production. Lampung is an important rice-producing area in Indonesia. Currently, rice sheath rot in the area is reportedly caused by Fusarium sulawesiense and Fusarium hainanense. This study aimed to identify the rice sheath rot pathogen accurately by sampling locations at varying altitudes, plant ages, and varieties in Lampung Sampling was conducted in Lampung, infected plants were collected and the pathogen isolates were molecularly characterized on the basis of DNA sequence data for the internal transcribed spacer and translation elongation factor 1-α. Pathogenicity test results showed that 16 fungal isolates caused rice sheath rot. These isolates were identified as Sarocladium oryzae, Fusarium bubalinum, F. hainanense, Setophoma poaceicola, Curvularia geniculata, and Alternaria padwickii. This study is the first to report that S. poaceicola is a pathogen of rice sheath rot.","PeriodicalId":8323,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection","volume":"55 1","pages":"2075 - 2097"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45016152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-02DOI: 10.1080/03235408.2022.2140468
Wendu Admasu, A. Sintayehu, A. Gezahgne
We, the Editors and Publisher of Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection have retracted the following article: Wendu Admasu, Assefa Sintayehu & Alemu Gezahgne. In vitro assessment of fungicides efficacy against fungal isolates causing Eucalyptus stem canker diseases in Ethiopia DOI: 10.1080/03235408.2022.2140468. Volume 55, 2022–Issue 18 Since publication, concerns have been raised about the integrity of the data presented in the article. These concerns relate specifically to the images in Figures 1 and 3. Figure 1, Control, top row, and Control, bottom row, are duplicated. Figure 3, L1500ppm and V1500ppm are duplicated. Figure 3, Control, top row, and Control, third row, are duplicated. Figure 3, R1000ppm and S500ppm are duplicated. Figure 3, R1500, R2000ppm, and S2000ppm are duplicated. Figure 3, Control, second row, and Control, bottom row, are duplicated. When approached for an explanation, the authors have been unable to address the concerns raised and have not been able to provide sufficient original data from their study. As verifying the validity of published work is core to the integrity of the scholarly record, we are therefore retracting the article. The authors listed in this publication have been informed and agree with the retraction. We have been informed in our decision-making by our policy on publishing ethics and integrity and the COPE guidelines on retractions. The retracted article will remain online to maintain the scholarly record, but it will be digitally watermarked on each page as ‘Retracted’.
{"title":"RETRACTED ARTICLE: In vitro assessment of fungicides efficacy against fungal isolates causing Eucalyptus stem canker diseases in Ethiopia","authors":"Wendu Admasu, A. Sintayehu, A. Gezahgne","doi":"10.1080/03235408.2022.2140468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03235408.2022.2140468","url":null,"abstract":"We, the Editors and Publisher of Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection have retracted the following article: Wendu Admasu, Assefa Sintayehu & Alemu Gezahgne. In vitro assessment of fungicides efficacy against fungal isolates causing Eucalyptus stem canker diseases in Ethiopia DOI: 10.1080/03235408.2022.2140468. Volume 55, 2022–Issue 18 Since publication, concerns have been raised about the integrity of the data presented in the article. These concerns relate specifically to the images in Figures 1 and 3. Figure 1, Control, top row, and Control, bottom row, are duplicated. Figure 3, L1500ppm and V1500ppm are duplicated. Figure 3, Control, top row, and Control, third row, are duplicated. Figure 3, R1000ppm and S500ppm are duplicated. Figure 3, R1500, R2000ppm, and S2000ppm are duplicated. Figure 3, Control, second row, and Control, bottom row, are duplicated. When approached for an explanation, the authors have been unable to address the concerns raised and have not been able to provide sufficient original data from their study. As verifying the validity of published work is core to the integrity of the scholarly record, we are therefore retracting the article. The authors listed in this publication have been informed and agree with the retraction. We have been informed in our decision-making by our policy on publishing ethics and integrity and the COPE guidelines on retractions. The retracted article will remain online to maintain the scholarly record, but it will be digitally watermarked on each page as ‘Retracted’.","PeriodicalId":8323,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection","volume":"55 1","pages":"2098 - 2110"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46753810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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