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Evaluation of insecticides against bean pod borer and its larval parasitoid, Tachinid fly 豆荚螟及其幼虫寄生蜂的防治效果评价
IF 1 Q3 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-04-21 DOI: 10.1080/03235408.2023.2213397
M. I. Mollah, S. Khatun
Abstract In the field, insecticides were applied to observe the pod borer infestation rate and the infested pods with pod borer larvae were incubated in the laboratory to investigate the emergence of parasitoid, Tachinid fly. Emamectin benzoate 5 SG, Fenitrothion 50 EC and Neemoil (Fresh) found effective to control pod borer infestation. Emamectin benzoate 5 SG and Esfenvalerate 5 EC found safe after control for parasitoids while Curtap 50 SP and Fenvalerate 20 EC found toxic. However, maximum parasitism was recorded from control (89.78%) followed by Esfenvalerate 5 EC (88.00%), Cypermethrin 10 EC (85.72%), Emamectin benzoate 5 SG (84.56%), Fenitrothion 50 EC (81.75%) and Fresh Neemoil (79.26%). So, Emamectin benzoate 5 SG, Fenitrothion 50 EC and Fresh Neemoil can be considered for successful country bean cultivation that provide least infestation by bean pod borer and reasonable parasitism of Tachinid fly parasitoid after untreated control.
摘要在田间施用杀虫剂,观察豆荚螟侵染率,在室内孵育有豆荚螟幼虫的豆荚,调查其寄生蜂速蝇的羽化情况。结果表明,苯甲酸埃维菌素5sg、杀虫菌素50ec和鲜油对豆荚螟有较好的防治效果。经对照发现,苯甲酸埃维菌素5sg和氰戊酸5ec对拟虫安全,而灭蚊乐50sp和氰戊酸20ec对拟虫有毒。对照的寄生率最高,为89.78%,其次为依氰戊酸酯5 EC(88.00%)、氯氰菊酯10 EC(85.72%)、苯甲酸埃马菌素5 EC(84.56%)、杀虫硫磷50 EC(81.75%)和鲜尼油(79.26%)。因此,施用苯甲酸埃维菌素5sg、灭硝硫磷50ec和鲜尼姆油可以使豆荚螟的侵染率最低,在未处理的情况下可使塔奇蝇寄生蜂的寄生率合理。
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引用次数: 0
Bioactivity of volatile organic compounds associated with Euphorbia hirta L. essential oil against fungi causing fruit rot disease of pawpaw (Carica papaya L.) 大蓬精油挥发性有机化合物对木瓜果腐病真菌的生物活性研究
IF 1 Q3 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-04-21 DOI: 10.1080/03235408.2023.2207943
Idiat Eniola Alli, Victor Ohileobo Dania
Abstract Pawpaw (Carica papaya L.) is an important perishable fruit which is highly susceptible to fruit rot disease. This research evaluated bioactivity of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) associated with Euphorbia hirta L. essential oil (EO) against fungi causing pawpaw fruit rot. The EO extraction was conducted using steam distillation and VOCs were characterized by GC–MS. Mycelial growth bioassay was evaluated using the poisoned food technique at six essential oil concentrations: 0, 400, 800, 1200 1600 and 2000 ppm. Lasiodiplodia theobromae and R. stolonifer were pathogenic on re-inoculation to healthy pawpaw fruits. GC–MS analysis identified 29 and 50 VOCs from the leaves and roots of E. hirta, respectively. The EO from both plant parts effectively inhibited conidial germination and mycelial growth of R. stolonifer and L. theobromae. Therefore, E. hirta EO could further be explored as an organic approach in the in vivo inhibition of pawpaw fruit rot disease.
木瓜是一种重要的易腐烂果实,极易发生果实腐烂病。本研究评估了大戟挥发油(EO)对木瓜果实腐烂真菌的生物活性。采用蒸汽蒸馏法提取EO,并用GC–MS对挥发性有机物进行了表征。使用中毒食品技术在6种精油浓度(0、400、800、1200、1600和2000)下评估菌丝生长生物测定 ppm。在对健康木瓜果实重新接种时,木犀和匍匐茎腐霉具有致病性。GC–MS分析分别鉴定出29种和50种挥发性有机化合物。来自两个植物部分的EO有效地抑制了匍匐茎R.stolonifer和木犀L.theobromae的分生孢子萌发和菌丝生长。因此,E.hirta EO可以作为一种体内抑制木瓜果实腐烂病的有机方法进一步探索。
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引用次数: 0
Peganum harmala active compounds as potent inhibitors of Pseudomonas syringae virulent effectors. In silico study 荆芥活性化合物作为丁香假单胞菌毒力效应物的有效抑制剂。计算机研究
IF 1 Q3 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-04-21 DOI: 10.1080/03235408.2023.2213399
K. Belkheir, N. Laref
Abstract Pseudomonas syringae (P syringae) is a group of bacterial foliar pathogens with a vast geographic distribution and large range of host plant species. In the present study, the effect of active compounds from Peganum harmala medicinal plant were analysed in silico on four P syringae virulent effectors. The docking results reveal that Harmalol, Harmaline and Vulgarone B molecules are the best docked phytochemicals with high binding affinities and strong intermolecular interactions better than those observed for Kanamycin, Spectinomycin and Streptomycin antibiotics with the four targeted virulent proteins. In addition Thymol ligand showed ability to bind firmly the 4RSX active site. The MD simulation data validated the docking results and confirmed the stability of complexes during 100 ns of simulation. In this work we proved through an in silico study that Harmaline, Harmalol, Vulgarone B and Thymol from Peganum harmala could be considerated as potential inhibitors of P syringae main effectors and could be used as anti-bacterial candidates against this phytopathogen. Graphical Abstract
丁香假单胞菌(Pseudomonas syringae, P syringae)是一类地理分布广、寄主植物种类多的叶面致病菌。本研究用硅晶法分析了苦参中活性成分对四种紫丁香毒力效应物的作用。对接结果显示,Harmalol、Harmaline和Vulgarone B分子与4种靶向毒力蛋白的对接效果较好,结合亲和力高,分子间相互作用强,优于卡那霉素、大观霉素和链霉素等抗生素。此外,百里香酚配体还能牢固地结合4RSX活性位点。MD仿真数据验证了对接结果,验证了配合物在100ns仿真过程中的稳定性。本研究通过硅片实验证明,咸草碱、咸草醇、Vulgarone B和百里香酚可作为紫丁香P主要效应物的潜在抑制剂,并可作为抗该植物病原体的候选药物。图形抽象
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引用次数: 0
Biological effects and field persistence of different insecticides in controlling the cotton mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis (Tinsley) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) 不同杀虫剂防治棉粉蚧的生物学效应及田间持久性研究(半翅目:假虫科)
IF 1 Q3 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/03235408.2023.2207949
Sahar E. Eldesouky, M. Tawfeek, Mohammed E.M. Esmaeil, E. E. Tawfeek
Abstract Cotton mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis (Tinsley), is an invasive pest threatening cotton crop. The efficacy and persistence of spirotetramat, sulfoxaflor, flonicamid, and buprofezin against the second-instar nymphs of P. solenopsis were evaluated under laboratory and greenhouse conditions. So far, there is no detailed information available on the sublethal effects of tested insecticides on the biological parameters of P. solenopsis, and thus, these effects at LC25 concentrations were assessed. In laboratory assays, sulfoxaflor was the most toxic, followed by spirotetramat and flonicamid; also, buprofezin was the least toxic on P. solenopsis nymphs after 48 h of exposure. Tested insecticides prolonged the developmental durations of treated nymphs and adult longevity for both sexes but significantly reduced female fecundity. Sulfoxaflor was the most persistent on cotton plants, whereas flonicamid was the lowest. Our findings indicated that tested insecticides could be regarded as promising candidates for establishing an effective control strategy to face P. solenopsis.
摘要棉粉蚧(Phenacoccus solenopsis, Tinsley)是一种危害棉花作物的入侵害虫。在实验室和温室条件下,研究了螺虫脒、亚砜、氟虫胺和丁丙嗪对扶桑拟虫二龄若虫的防治效果和持久性。到目前为止,还没有关于被试杀虫剂对扶桑拟虫生物学参数的亚致死效应的详细资料,因此,对LC25浓度下的这些效应进行了评估。在实验室分析中,亚砜氟的毒性最大,其次是螺虫脒和氟虫胺;暴露48 h后,丁丙嗪对扶桑拟虫的毒性最小。被试杀虫剂延长了处理过的雌雄若虫的发育时间和成虫的寿命,但显著降低了雌性的繁殖力。磺胺在棉花上的持久性最强,氟虫胺最低。我们的研究结果表明,所测试的杀虫剂可以被认为是建立有效防治策略的有希望的候选者。
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引用次数: 1
Interactions of the main pathogenic fungi of papaya (Carica papaya, L.) as a function of temperature 木瓜(Carica papaya, L.)主要致病真菌相互作用随温度的变化
IF 1 Q3 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/03235408.2023.2203327
T. Sandoval-Contreras, L. Garrido-Sánchez, J. A. Ragazzo‐Sánchez, Manuel Reinhart Kirchmayr, J. Narváez-Zapata, M. Calderón‐Santoyo
Abstract The temperature effect on the interaction between fungal isolates of papaya was studied. Rhizopus stolonifer, Colletotrichum cobbittiense, Fusarium pernambucarum, and Alternaria arborescens were grown in papaya agar in pairs, one against the other, at 13, 25, and 35 °C. The growth rate for each fungus was compared when grown alone or paired. Four types of interaction were observed: mutual intermingling, mutual antagonism on contact, dominance on contact, and dominance at a distance. At 13 and 35 °C, F. pernambucarum was more competitive whereas at 25 °C R. stolonifer does. In vivo validation showed R. stolonifer was the dominant fungus at 25 °C but coexists with C. cobbittiense forming a second infection. Then, a hierarchy may be established through a growth mechanism to infer which fungi may develop first and damage fruit to prevent postharvest losses. These findings could improve the management of papaya fruit in the postharvest stage. HIGHLIGHTS Several species of fungi are responsible for postharvest diseases in papaya. Diseases development depends on environmental and fruit physiological conditions. One species may dominate or inhibit other’s or can coexist as well. Interactions between pathogenic fungi may be considered to infer fungi development. These results may help us to improve the postharvest treatment of papaya.
摘要研究了温度对番木瓜真菌分离株间相互作用的影响。根霉菌匍匐茎、Colletotrichum cobbitiense、长春藤镰刀菌和Alternaria arborescens在木瓜琼脂中成对生长,分别在13、25和35 °C。比较每种真菌单独或成对生长时的生长速度。观察到四种类型的相互作用:相互混合、接触时相互对抗、接触时占优势和远距离占优势。13岁和35岁 °C时,伯南布卡拉姆更具竞争力,而在25 °C R.stolonifer。体内验证表明,匍匐杆菌在25岁时是优势真菌 °C,但与玉米螟共存形成第二次感染。然后,可以通过生长机制建立一个层次,以推断哪些真菌可能首先发育并损害果实,以防止采后损失。这些发现可以改善木瓜果实采后阶段的管理。亮点几种真菌是木瓜采后病害的罪魁祸首。疾病的发展取决于环境和果实的生理条件。一个物种可以支配或抑制另一个物种,也可以共存。病原真菌之间的相互作用可以被认为是推断真菌发育的原因。这些结果可能有助于我们改进木瓜的采后处理。
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引用次数: 0
Spatial distribution and risk associated with shot hole disease in apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) in Northern Pakistan 巴基斯坦北部杏(Prunus armeniaca L.)针孔病的空间分布和风险
IF 1 Q3 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/03235408.2023.2203330
A. Hussain, Sartaj Ali, Muhammad Muhammad, W. Akram, Syed Munir Hussain, Khalida Dawar
Abstract Wilsonomyces carpophilus is the major fungus that produces shot hole disease (SHD) in apricots, which results in significant economic losses. This problem can be addressed through the monitoring of the diseases and spotlighting the risks connected with them. This study employed descriptive and geostatistical mapping techniques to track the spatial distribution and risk of SHD in apricot orchards in five apricot-growing valleys. The results showed a spatial distribution of the disease within the study area even varying within the valleys and orchards. A moderate spatial dependence of SHD prevalence (0.524), incidence (0.363), and severity index (0.313) were observed. GIS maps and trend analysis graphs also showed the spatial distribution of the disease from east-west and south-north directions. Climate and cultural practices favor the perpetuation of pathogens and the spread of SHD. This information will help apricot growers regarding disease management and improve sustainable profitability.
摘要carophilus Wilsonomyces是在杏树上产生针孔病(SHD)的主要真菌,其经济损失巨大。这个问题可以通过监测疾病并突出与之相关的风险来解决。本研究采用描述性和地统计学制图技术,追踪了五个杏产区杏园SHD的空间分布和风险。结果显示,该疾病在研究区域内的空间分布甚至在山谷和果园内也有所不同。SHD患病率(0.524)、发病率(0.363)和严重程度指数(0.313)存在中度空间依赖性。GIS地图和趋势分析图还显示了该疾病从东西方向和南北方向的空间分布。气候和文化习俗有利于病原体的长期存在和SHD的传播。这些信息将有助于杏树种植者了解疾病管理并提高可持续盈利能力。
{"title":"Spatial distribution and risk associated with shot hole disease in apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) in Northern Pakistan","authors":"A. Hussain, Sartaj Ali, Muhammad Muhammad, W. Akram, Syed Munir Hussain, Khalida Dawar","doi":"10.1080/03235408.2023.2203330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03235408.2023.2203330","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Wilsonomyces carpophilus is the major fungus that produces shot hole disease (SHD) in apricots, which results in significant economic losses. This problem can be addressed through the monitoring of the diseases and spotlighting the risks connected with them. This study employed descriptive and geostatistical mapping techniques to track the spatial distribution and risk of SHD in apricot orchards in five apricot-growing valleys. The results showed a spatial distribution of the disease within the study area even varying within the valleys and orchards. A moderate spatial dependence of SHD prevalence (0.524), incidence (0.363), and severity index (0.313) were observed. GIS maps and trend analysis graphs also showed the spatial distribution of the disease from east-west and south-north directions. Climate and cultural practices favor the perpetuation of pathogens and the spread of SHD. This information will help apricot growers regarding disease management and improve sustainable profitability.","PeriodicalId":8323,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection","volume":"21 11","pages":"433 - 451"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41246273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Use of AM fungus Rhizophagus irregularis and silicon dioxide nanoparticles for the management of Meloidogyne incognita, Alternaria dauci and Rhizoctonia solani and growth of carrot 利用AM真菌不规则食根菌和二氧化硅纳米颗粒治理无名甜根线虫、稻瘟菌和茄枯丝核菌及胡萝卜生长
IF 1 Q3 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/03235408.2023.2207958
Lukman Ahamad, Z. Siddiqui, A. Hashem, E. F. Abd_Allah
Abstract Impacts of AM fungus Rhizophagus irregularis and silicon dioxide nanoparticles (SiO2NPs) were observed on the disease complex of carrot (Daucus carota) caused by Meloidogyne incognita, Alternaria dauci and Rhizoctonia solani. Use of R. irregularis alone together with SiO2NPs (0.10 mg ml−1) caused a significant increase in plant growth and photosynthetic pigments and reduce disease indices, galling and population of M. incognita. Use of R. irregularis resulted in a lesser plant growth and photosynthetic pigments than foliar spay of NPs. Use of R. irregularis with NPs spray was best for the management of disease complex. Leaf blight and root rot indices were 3 when fungal pathogen was inoculated alone and indices were 5 when pathogens were inoculated together. Use of R. irregularis/NPs with A. dauci/R. solani reduced indices to 2, indices were reduced to 1 when R. irregularis was used with SiO2 NPs. Root colonisation by R. irregularis was higher when alone but reduced in plants sprayed with NPs. Inoculation of test pathogens reduced colonisation by R. irregularis. Various studied attributes showed a significant correlation in principal components analysis. Significant management of disease complex may be achieved by the use of R. irregularis with SiO2 NPs.
摘要研究了AM真菌“不规则食根菌”(Rhizophagus irregularis)和二氧化硅纳米颗粒(SiO2NPs)对胡萝卜(dauci)病复合体的影响,这些病复合体由不认识的甜根线虫(Meloidogyne incognita)、daucalternaria dauci和solani Rhizoctonia引起。与SiO2NPs (0.10 mg ml−1)联合使用,可显著提高野田鼠的植株生长和光合色素含量,降低野田鼠的疾病指数、刺痛和种群数量。喷施不规则叶面草对植物生长和光合色素的影响小于喷施植物叶面草。使用不规则白蚁与NPs喷雾剂对疾病复合体的管理效果最好。单独接种病原菌时,叶枯病和根腐病指标为3,共同接种时,叶枯病和根腐病指标为5。r.r irregularis/NPs与a.d uci/R。与SiO2 NPs混合使用时,茄泥的指数降至2,不规则草的指数降至1。喷施NPs后,不规则栗的根定殖率降低,而单独施时则升高。接种试验病原体可减少不规则弧菌的定植。主成分分析显示,各研究属性具有显著的相关性。使用带有SiO2 NPs的不规则棘球蚴可实现对复杂疾病的显著管理。
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引用次数: 0
Morpho-molecular variability of different isolates of Ustilagonoidea virens causing false smut of rice 引起水稻假黑穗病的不同病毒分离株的形态分子变异
IF 1 Q3 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/03235408.2023.2208359
S. Thapa, S. Mahapatra, D. Baral, A. Chatterjee, Pravesh Shivakoty, B. Subba, Srikanta Das
Abstract Spore balls of false smut of rice caused by Ustilagonoidea virens were collected from different major rice belts of eastern part of India. Ten isolates from ten different locations were collected and isolated in the laboratory for their, cultural, morphological and molecular characterization. Potato sucrose agar media was used for their cultural studies and observation on colony diameter, colour and sporulation were made. Spores of all the isolates were observed under scanning electron microscope (SEM) and light microscope for spore size, spine length and colour. Differences in colony characters were observed where the highest mycelial growth was observed in isolate Uv2 with 5.33 cm colony diameter and lowest mycelial growth was observed in Uv9 (3.70 cm). Most of the isolates produced white and circular colony. Spores of all the isolates observed under a light microscope appeared to be olive green in colour, however, a significant variation in spore size and spike length under SEM was observed. Spores size and spike length of different isolates ranged between 4.533 μm to 6.169 μm and 362.567 nm to 799.533 nm, respectively. For genetic identification and variability, DNAs of isolates were amplified using ITS1 and ITS 4 primers. The length of nucleotide sequences of different isolates varied from 583 to 606 bp. Phylogenetic analysis revealed genetic variation among the isolates, dividing them into two major groups.
摘要在印度东部不同主要水稻带采集了稻曲霉属病菌引起的水稻假黑穗病孢子球。从10个不同地点收集10株分离菌株,并在实验室进行了培养、形态和分子鉴定。采用马铃薯蔗糖琼脂培养基对其进行培养研究,并对菌落直径、菌色和产孢量进行了观察。在扫描电镜和光镜下观察各菌株孢子的大小、棘长和颜色。菌落性状存在差异,分离物Uv2菌落直径5.33 cm,菌丝生长最高,Uv9菌丝生长最低,菌落直径3.70 cm。多数分离株菌落呈白色圆形。光镜下观察到所有菌株的孢子都呈橄榄绿色,但扫描电镜下观察到孢子大小和穗长有显著变化。不同菌株的孢子大小和穗长范围分别为4.533 ~ 6.169 μm和362.567 ~ 799.533 nm。利用ITS1和ITS 4引物扩增分离菌株的dna进行遗传鉴定和变异。不同分离株的核苷酸序列长度在583 ~ 606 bp之间。系统发育分析显示各分离株间存在遗传变异,可分为两大类群。
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引用次数: 0
Identification and pathogenicity of Nigrospora sphaerica and Curvularia penniseti associated with leaf spot disease of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) in Nigeria 与豇豆叶斑病相关的球形黑孢菌和弯孢菌的鉴定及致病性在尼日利亚
IF 1 Q3 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-03-16 DOI: 10.1080/03235408.2023.2195035
I. Obisesan, P. Ojo
Abstract Pathogenic fungi are one of the main causes of plant diseases due to their ability to colonise plants and rapidly spread disease. Cowpea is one of the most highly consumed grain legumes in Nigeria, but its yearly production is usually affected by fungi attacks. Disease presenting browning of the aerial parts of the cowpea plant was observed during the dry season between 2021 and 2022 in the country. This disease caused stunted growth in the affected plant stand. The fungi were isolated from the symptomatic aerial parts. The fungi were viewed under the microscope and identified by molecular and phylogenetic tools using the Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) gene region. The fungi isolated from the symptomatic aerial part of cowpea were identified as Nigrospora sphaerica and Culvularia penniseti. The pathogenicity of the isolated fungi was tested on detached leaves and stems and on intact cowpea seedlings. The test gave a positive result, which confirms the pathogenicity of the isolated fungi on the cowpea plant. This is the first report of N. sphaerica and C. penniseti infecting cowpea cultivated on farmland in Nigeria. Early detection of foreign fungi causing disease in the country’s cowpea crop will aid researchers in addressing the negative effects on crop yield.
摘要病原真菌具有在植物中定植并迅速传播疾病的能力,是引起植物病害的主要原因之一。豇豆是尼日利亚消费量最高的谷物豆类之一,但其年产量通常受到真菌袭击的影响。在2021年至2022年的旱季,该国观察到豇豆植株地上部分出现病害褐变。这种疾病导致受影响的林分生长迟缓。真菌是从有症状的地上部分分离出来的。在显微镜下观察真菌,并使用内部转录间隔区(ITS)基因区通过分子和系统发育工具进行鉴定。从豇豆症状性地上部分分离到的真菌被鉴定为球形黑孢菌和狼尾草。分离的真菌在分离的叶和茎以及完整的豇豆幼苗上进行了致病性测试。试验结果为阳性,证实了分离真菌对豇豆植株的致病性。这是首次报道N.sphaerica和C.peniseti感染尼日利亚农田种植的豇豆。在该国豇豆作物中及早发现致病的外来真菌将有助于研究人员解决对作物产量的负面影响。
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引用次数: 0
Status of virus and phytoplasma diseases in carrot growing areas of Ankara and Konya provinces, Turkey 土耳其安卡拉和科尼亚省胡萝卜种植区病毒和植物原体疾病现状
IF 1 Q3 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-03-16 DOI: 10.1080/03235408.2023.2191373
F. Randa-Zelyüt, F. Ertunç, D. Şenal
Abstract In this study, infections that may emerge from viruses and phytoplasmas were investigated in carrot cultivation fields in the Ankara and Konya provinces, which are located in the Central Anatolia Region of Turkey and have the largest agricultural areas of the country. A total of 272 symptomatic and asymptomatic carrot plants, together with their root and leaf parts, were collected from 61 fields by performing periodic field studies during the plant vegetation periods between 2018–2019. Samples were tested against carrot virus Y (CarVY), carrot red leaf virus (CtRLV), carrot red leaf virus-associated RNA (CtRLVaRNA), carrot mottle virus (CMoV), carrot torradovirus 1 (CaTV), carrot yellow leaf virus (CYLV), carrot thin leaf virus (CTLV) and cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) agents by Reverse Transcriptase-PCR (RT-PCR). To determine phytoplasmas, samples were tested using universal primers by nested PCR. Molecular tests conducted to investigate the aforementioned viruses produced negative results, but phytoplasma infections were widely found. 16SrVI-A “Candidatus Phytoplasma trifolii” and 16SrI-B “Aster yellows” subgroups were detected by in vitro/in silico RFLP and sequencing analyses. Disease incidence caused by both phytoplasma groups was 39.34%. This study determined for the first time that 16SrVI and 16SrI groups cause severe infections in the carrot fields of Turkey.
在本研究中,研究了位于土耳其中部安纳托利亚地区和该国农业面积最大的安卡拉省和科尼亚省的胡萝卜种植地里可能出现的病毒和植物原体感染。在2018-2019年植物植被期,通过定期实地研究,从61个大田收集了272株有症状和无症状胡萝卜植物及其根和叶部分。采用逆转录- pcr (RT-PCR)技术检测样品对胡萝卜Y病毒(CarVY)、胡萝卜红叶病毒(CtRLV)、胡萝卜红叶病毒相关RNA (CtRLVaRNA)、胡萝卜斑驳病毒(CMoV)、胡萝卜torradvirus 1 (CaTV)、胡萝卜黄叶病毒(CYLV)、胡萝卜薄叶病毒(CTLV)和黄瓜花叶病毒(CMV)的抗性。为了确定植物原体,样品使用通用引物进行巢式PCR检测。对上述病毒进行的分子检测结果为阴性,但植物原体感染却广泛存在。16SrVI-A“Candidatus Phytoplasma trifolii”亚群和16SrI-B“Aster yellows”亚群分别通过体外/计算机RFLP和测序分析进行检测。两组植物原体致病性分别为39.34%。本研究首次确定了16SrVI和16SrI群体在土耳其胡萝卜田引起严重感染。
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引用次数: 0
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Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection
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