Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.5771/0257-9774-2023-1-252
Clara-Luisa Weichelt
{"title":"Lanz, Stephan: Das Regieren der Favela. Gewaltherrschaft, Populärkultur und soziale Kämpfe in den Peripherien von Rio de Janeiro. Bielefeld: transcript, 2021. 409 pp. ISBN 978-3-8376-6020-3. Preis: € 49,00","authors":"Clara-Luisa Weichelt","doi":"10.5771/0257-9774-2023-1-252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5771/0257-9774-2023-1-252","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8336,"journal":{"name":"Anthropos","volume":"88 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80805983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.5771/0257-9774-2023-1-236
M. Thomas
{"title":"Härter, Karl, Carolin Hillemanns, and Günther Schlee (eds.): On Mediation. Historical, Legal, Anthropological, and International Perspectives. New York: Berghahn Books, 2020. 238 pp. ISBN 978-1-78920-869-6. (Integration and Conflict Studies 22) Price: $ 135.00","authors":"M. Thomas","doi":"10.5771/0257-9774-2023-1-236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5771/0257-9774-2023-1-236","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8336,"journal":{"name":"Anthropos","volume":"99 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86119749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.5771/0257-9774-2023-1-246
Roland Seib
{"title":"Howes, Stephen, and Lekshmi N. Pillai (eds.): Papua New Guinea. Government, Economy, and Society. Canberra: Australian National University Press, 2022. 262 pp. ISBN (print) 978-1-7604-6502-5; ISBN (online) 978-1-7604-6503-2 (free download )","authors":"Roland Seib","doi":"10.5771/0257-9774-2023-1-246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5771/0257-9774-2023-1-246","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8336,"journal":{"name":"Anthropos","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87907225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.5771/0257-9774-2023-1-125
Agustina Altman, A. López
The aim of this paper is to explore the role of women as Mennonite workers in Argentina since the Mennonite missionary arrival in the country in 1917 until the 1960s. Mennonites are part of the Anabaptist Christians, a movement which emerged in the 16th century under the radical reform movements. Due to persecution, they migrated to Eastern Europe and the United States. From the latter country and within the context of a renewal process of the Mennonite Church (MC), the Argentine mission was set up. Using different archival sources – personal diaries, letters, publications, administrative reports – we seek to reconstruct the role, often made invisible, of women in the missionary enterprise. In this way, we attempt to contribute not only to a better understanding of the missionary efforts but also to the debate about gender notions and practices in the context of Christianity during the first half of the 20th century. [Argentina, Mennonite, women, mission, workers]
{"title":"Women’s Threat","authors":"Agustina Altman, A. López","doi":"10.5771/0257-9774-2023-1-125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5771/0257-9774-2023-1-125","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is to explore the role of women as Mennonite workers in Argentina since the Mennonite missionary arrival in the country in 1917 until the 1960s. Mennonites are part of the Anabaptist Christians, a movement which emerged in the 16th century under the radical reform movements. Due to persecution, they migrated to Eastern Europe and the United States. From the latter country and within the context of a renewal process of the Mennonite Church (MC), the Argentine mission was set up. Using different archival sources – personal diaries, letters, publications, administrative reports – we seek to reconstruct the role, often made invisible, of women in the missionary enterprise. In this way, we attempt to contribute not only to a better understanding of the missionary efforts but also to the debate about gender notions and practices in the context of Christianity during the first half of the 20th century. [Argentina, Mennonite, women, mission, workers]","PeriodicalId":8336,"journal":{"name":"Anthropos","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72553424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.5771/0257-9774-2023-1-267
L. Yalçın-Heckmann
{"title":"Payton, Joanne: Honor and the Political Economy of Marriage. Violence against Women in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 2020. 172 pp. ISBN 978-1-9788-0171-4. Price: $ 29.95","authors":"L. Yalçın-Heckmann","doi":"10.5771/0257-9774-2023-1-267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5771/0257-9774-2023-1-267","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8336,"journal":{"name":"Anthropos","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73790165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.5771/0257-9774-2023-1-31
Belkacem Belmekki
Notwithstanding the fundamental socio-cultural cum religious divergences existing between the Muslims and Hindus, the two religious groups managed to forge bonds of fraternity based on mutual understanding and respect thanks to their centuries-long overall peaceful co-existence in the Indian environment. This virtually harmonious relationship soon gave birth to a composite culture whereby many of the Muslim-Hindu differences were blunted and replaced by shared socio-cultural – and sometimes even religious – aspects of life. Yet, the second half of the nineteenth century witnessed a reversal of this trend. In fact, the post-Revolt context in British India was marked by the emergence of consciousness among the Muslims whereby they developed a sense of belonging to a cultural entity that was different from that of the Hindus. In other words, these “Muhammadans” became actively conscious of their cultural differences vis-à-vis the Hindus, and therefore, saw themselves as a separate group with distinct cultural traits. This shift towards cultural exclusivism, which eventually gave rise to a separatist tendency among them, has been a moot point that drew a great deal of interest among scholars who provided different interpretations. In this article, the main task is to look into whether the British had any involvement in this new development in the Indian scene. [Indian Muslims, Hindus, Urdu, Hindi, divide et impera, language controversy]
尽管穆斯林和印度教徒之间存在着根本的社会文化和宗教分歧，但由于他们在印度环境中长期和平共处，这两个宗教团体设法在相互理解和尊重的基础上建立了兄弟情谊。这种几乎和谐的关系很快就产生了一种复合文化，在这种文化中，穆斯林和印度教徒之间的许多差异被淡化了，取而代之的是共同的社会文化——有时甚至是宗教——生活方面。然而，19世纪下半叶见证了这一趋势的逆转。事实上，起义后英属印度的背景标志着穆斯林意识的出现，他们形成了一种不同于印度教徒的文化实体的归属感。换句话说，这些“伊斯兰教徒”开始积极意识到他们与-à-vis印度教徒的文化差异，因此，他们将自己视为一个具有独特文化特征的独立群体。这种向文化排外主义的转变，最终导致了他们之间的分离主义倾向，一直是一个悬而未决的问题，引起了学者们的极大兴趣，他们提供了不同的解释。在本文中，主要任务是研究英国是否参与了印度局势的这一新发展。[印度穆斯林，印度教徒，乌尔都语，印地语，divide et impera，语言争议]
{"title":"Revisiting the Origins of Muslim Cultural Exclusivism in British India","authors":"Belkacem Belmekki","doi":"10.5771/0257-9774-2023-1-31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5771/0257-9774-2023-1-31","url":null,"abstract":"Notwithstanding the fundamental socio-cultural cum religious divergences existing between the Muslims and Hindus, the two religious groups managed to forge bonds of fraternity based on mutual understanding and respect thanks to their centuries-long overall peaceful co-existence in the Indian environment. This virtually harmonious relationship soon gave birth to a composite culture whereby many of the Muslim-Hindu differences were blunted and replaced by shared socio-cultural – and sometimes even religious – aspects of life. Yet, the second half of the nineteenth century witnessed a reversal of this trend. In fact, the post-Revolt context in British India was marked by the emergence of consciousness among the Muslims whereby they developed a sense of belonging to a cultural entity that was different from that of the Hindus. In other words, these “Muhammadans” became actively conscious of their cultural differences vis-à-vis the Hindus, and therefore, saw themselves as a separate group with distinct cultural traits. This shift towards cultural exclusivism, which eventually gave rise to a separatist tendency among them, has been a moot point that drew a great deal of interest among scholars who provided different interpretations. In this article, the main task is to look into whether the British had any involvement in this new development in the Indian scene. [Indian Muslims, Hindus, Urdu, Hindi, divide et impera, language controversy]","PeriodicalId":8336,"journal":{"name":"Anthropos","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87611064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.5771/0257-9774-2023-1-115
J. Félez
– Since in the 1990s Chile approved – within the framework of recovery of institutional normality – its Indigenous Law, a series of social groups made the decision to identify as “indigenous,” with all sociopolitical consequences and possible frameworks for empowerment, dissent, and symbolic acquisition. One of those groups is the culturally highly diversified people that inhabit the Atacama region. Nonetheless, indigenous coordinates of that social group have taken different and often divergent paths – from assimilation to cultural models imposed by Santiago’s centralism to violent and radical dissent that have led to creation of postcolonial discourses. This new social moment presents new questions about forms of political-cultural activity and dissent. [Chile, indigenous peoples, dissent, discourse, interculturality, politics]
{"title":"Revueltas, identidades disidentes y construcciones culturales","authors":"J. Félez","doi":"10.5771/0257-9774-2023-1-115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5771/0257-9774-2023-1-115","url":null,"abstract":"– Since in the 1990s Chile approved – within the framework of recovery of institutional normality – its Indigenous Law, a series of social groups made the decision to identify as “indigenous,” with all sociopolitical consequences and possible frameworks for empowerment, dissent, and symbolic acquisition. One of those groups is the culturally highly diversified people that inhabit the Atacama region. Nonetheless, indigenous coordinates of that social group have taken different and often divergent paths – from assimilation to cultural models imposed by Santiago’s centralism to violent and radical dissent that have led to creation of postcolonial discourses. This new social moment presents new questions about forms of political-cultural activity and dissent. [Chile, indigenous peoples, dissent, discourse, interculturality, politics]","PeriodicalId":8336,"journal":{"name":"Anthropos","volume":"81 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85360137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.5771/0257-9774-2023-1-187
Deon Liebenberg
The very widespread occurrence of the trickster figure in myth and folklore has prompted scholars to explain this fascinating character in terms of universal features of the human mind or the human condition. This, however, has the effect of obscuring the sophistication of the cosmological thought that generally underpins the character and behaviour of this character. This article argues that the trickster’s flagrant disregard for boundaries, categories, and social decorum, as well as his androgyny, his shape-shifting nature, his manifold other manifestations of ambivalence as well as his contradictory role of culture hero are expressions, in narrative form, of a cosmological concept that is also expressed in rites of inversion and in liminal states. [trickster, liminality, symbolic inversion, continuous and discrete, differentiation of primordial wholeness]
{"title":"The Trickster as Personification of Primordial Chaos","authors":"Deon Liebenberg","doi":"10.5771/0257-9774-2023-1-187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5771/0257-9774-2023-1-187","url":null,"abstract":"The very widespread occurrence of the trickster figure in myth and folklore has prompted scholars to explain this fascinating character in terms of universal features of the human mind or the human condition. This, however, has the effect of obscuring the sophistication of the cosmological thought that generally underpins the character and behaviour of this character. This article argues that the trickster’s flagrant disregard for boundaries, categories, and social decorum, as well as his androgyny, his shape-shifting nature, his manifold other manifestations of ambivalence as well as his contradictory role of culture hero are expressions, in narrative form, of a cosmological concept that is also expressed in rites of inversion and in liminal states. [trickster, liminality, symbolic inversion, continuous and discrete, differentiation of primordial wholeness]","PeriodicalId":8336,"journal":{"name":"Anthropos","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89284817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.5771/0257-9774-2023-1-99
M. S. Cipolletti
– In the focus of this collaboration are two stories by the same narrator about the emergence of his shamanic vocation (Secoya, Ecuadorian Amazon). Told a few years apart, the stories show how the process of moving away from the influences of an American missionary institution and returning to one’s own traditions was accompanied by distressing existential processes, which included the suicide attempt. The question is posed about the silence of the speaker regarding two constitutive features of both Secoya shamanism and most Amazonian shamanisms: that of its specific power (rawē), the transformation into a jaguar, and the alliance with jaguars. The question is raised about the influences exerted by discourses outside the indigenous society, which only make the beneficial aspect of shamanism prevail, thus destroying the constitutive ambiguity of this phenomenon. [Ecuador, Amazonia, Secoya, shamanism, life history]
{"title":"El surgimiento de un shamán","authors":"M. S. Cipolletti","doi":"10.5771/0257-9774-2023-1-99","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5771/0257-9774-2023-1-99","url":null,"abstract":"– In the focus of this collaboration are two stories by the same narrator about the emergence of his shamanic vocation (Secoya, Ecuadorian Amazon). Told a few years apart, the stories show how the process of moving away from the influences of an American missionary institution and returning to one’s own traditions was accompanied by distressing existential processes, which included the suicide attempt. The question is posed about the silence of the speaker regarding two constitutive features of both Secoya shamanism and most Amazonian shamanisms: that of its specific power (rawē), the transformation into a jaguar, and the alliance with jaguars. The question is raised about the influences exerted by discourses outside the indigenous society, which only make the beneficial aspect of shamanism prevail, thus destroying the constitutive ambiguity of this phenomenon. [Ecuador, Amazonia, Secoya, shamanism, life history]","PeriodicalId":8336,"journal":{"name":"Anthropos","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88634003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.5771/0257-9774-2023-1-1
Stephen Pax Leonard
This essay explores what one might call the “nihilistic turn”: the structures of intellectual self-destruction that seem to have become embedded in social anthropology. Using the author’s long-term fieldwork in Greenland as a backdrop and from the point of view of the ethnographer in the field, it finds that much of the nihilistic navel-gazing that has come to characterise the subject is to be found wanting. The ethnographer is seldom in the superordinate position vis-à-vis his or her interlocutors that so many assume, and if we stopped insisting on framing questions of representation through the post-modernist lens of power differentials we would see that the supposed “power” that a western ethnographer has is often grossly exaggerated. [ethnography; entanglements; nihilism; Greenland]
{"title":"The Nihilistic Turn","authors":"Stephen Pax Leonard","doi":"10.5771/0257-9774-2023-1-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5771/0257-9774-2023-1-1","url":null,"abstract":"This essay explores what one might call the “nihilistic turn”: the structures of intellectual self-destruction that seem to have become embedded in social anthropology. Using the author’s long-term fieldwork in Greenland as a backdrop and from the point of view of the ethnographer in the field, it finds that much of the nihilistic navel-gazing that has come to characterise the subject is to be found wanting. The ethnographer is seldom in the superordinate position vis-à-vis his or her interlocutors that so many assume, and if we stopped insisting on framing questions of representation through the post-modernist lens of power differentials we would see that the supposed “power” that a western ethnographer has is often grossly exaggerated. [ethnography; entanglements; nihilism; Greenland]","PeriodicalId":8336,"journal":{"name":"Anthropos","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77810153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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