Asia Pacific Journal of Management最新文献

The extant literature on corporate political activities has extensively examined whether and how political connections help in improving performance. We extend this literature by examining whether and how political connections help in profit persistence, a fundamental concern for firms. Using a unique panel dataset of politicians who were elected at either the national or state level in India and examining their membership on the board of directors of firms, we find that firms with political connections demonstrate higher profit persistence. Further, we report that connections with state-level politicians have a larger effect on persistence compared to connections with national-level politicians. This finding emphasizes the importance of micro and recurring benefits in emerging economies such as India, in the form of help with acquiring licenses, permits, land and infrastructure, which are usually provided by state-level politicians relative to policy-related benefits, which are typically provided by national-level politicians. Our results also show that political connections have a greater effect on profit persistence for firms that are affiliated to business groups. Our results suggest that political connections seem to operate as higher-order resources, defined as resources that do not contribute to profits directly but can affect other resources that in turn affect profits over time.

The positive effect of informal leadership has been well established, whereas our understanding of its potential negative effect in interpersonal interaction is still limited. This study explores the influence of individual informal leadership on helping received from peers from an interpersonal interaction perspective. Drawing upon social comparison theory, we posit that a focal employee’s moderate level of informal leadership in a team can pose a threat to peers, which inhibits the helping behavior from peers to the focal employee. To test our hypothesis, we conducted an experiment in Study 1 and a field survey in Study 2. The results revealed that individual informal leadership had a curvilinear relationship with helping behavior from peers via threat to peers. Furthermore, the focal employee’s political skill mitigated this curvilinear effect. Theoretical and future research implications are discussed.

Research on pro-environmental behavior (PEB) in the workplace is increasing. However, the prevailing research is typically based on the assumption that PEB are relatively stable, suggesting that employees consistently engage in PEB over time. In contrast to viewing employees as being consistently green or not, we focus on investigating within-person fluctuations in PEB over short periods. Given that PEB can be influenced by dynamic contextual factors such as daily work experiences, we investigate a key work-related experience—performance pressure—and its underlying mechanisms. Drawing on threat rigidity theory, we propose a dual pathway model in which daily performance pressure exerts parallel negative effects on PEB through two distinct cognitive information processing tendencies. Using an experience sampling method involving 114 employees across 10 consecutive workdays, we reveal that daily performance pressure diminishes PEB by fostering an increase in self-focused information processing and a reduction in other-focused information processing. Additionally, this negative indirect effect is more pronounced among employees with high psychological entitlement. We also discuss the theoretical and practical implications of our findings.

Drawing upon conservation of resources theory, we examine how and when stretch goals affect work effort and cheating behavior. We conduct an online experimental study (Study 1, N = 194) and a three-wave field study (Study 2, N = 298) to test our hypotheses. Results show that trait resilience moderates the relationship between stretch goals and work meaningfulness. When trait resilience of employees is high, stretch goals generate work meaningfulness, which in turn promotes work effort. Meanwhile, stretch goals are indirectly related to cheating behavior through emotional exhaustion. Moreover, trait resilience alleviates the link between stretch goals and emotional exhaustion and the indirect effect of stretch goals on cheating behavior through emotional exhaustion. The present study provides important theoretical and practical implications.

Entrepreneurial alertness (EA) research has made substantial progress in identifying the psychological and organizational antecedents and consequences of EA. However, the interactions between environmental factors and EA are understudied and it is unclear how alertness influences and is shaped by entrepreneurs’ local ecosystems. In this “perspectives” essay, we contend that EA and entrepreneurial ecosystems research could be enriched by greater cross-fertilization. We respond to calls for more focus on the microfoundations of entrepreneurship by exploring the opportunities in research at the interface of EA and entrepreneurial ecosystems. We develop a multi-level framework to explain how EA is not only influenced by entrepreneurial ecosystems but can collectively influence the system-level functioning and leadership of ecosystems. Our framework clarifies how EA is shaped by the social, cultural, and material attributes of ecosystems and, in turn, how EA influences ecosystem attributes (diversity and coherence) and outcomes (resilience and coordination). We explain why it is critical to treat the environment as more than simply a moderating influence on the effects of EA and why it is fruitful for entrepreneurship research to develop a fuller picture of EA’s contextual determinants and outcomes. We conclude by proposing a research agenda that explores the interplay between EA and entrepreneurial ecosystems.

Abstract

Using social cognitive theory as a guide, this research seeks to explain the perceptions of current and aspiring Indian entrepreneurs. A multiple case study approach using 19 interviews with intellectuals provided qualitative data to conduct a cross-case analysis of the two groups with the qualitative analysis software NVivo. Rare insights from current and aspiring opportunity-motivated entrepreneurial Chevening Fellowships from a predominantly necessity-motivated context offer valuable insights into entrepreneurship in India. The findings reveal what entrepreneurship means to established entrepreneurs, their motivation for embarking on the entrepreneurial journey, the skills they require to be successful, the challenges they face and their strategies to sustain are mostly different to what aspiring entrepreneurs believe how it would be. Compiled recommendations may help strengthen the entrepreneurial ecosystem, particularly in developing economy contexts, to help improve the 10% startup success rate.

Globalization has encouraged the growth and popularity of recognizing opportunities worldwide. As such, entrepreneurial alertness and cultural intelligence stand out as essential catalysts for innovation and creativity. Managers' ability to identify opportunities, navigate diverse cultural contexts, and unleash their creative potential is now recognized as a critical factor for business success. However, previous research has primarily examined the independent influence of entrepreneurial alertness and cultural intelligence on other entrepreneurial outcomes, leaving a significant gap in understanding their independent and combined impact on creative self-efficacy (CSE). In this study, we bridge this gap by investigating the interplay between entrepreneurial alertness, cultural intelligence, and CSE among managers. Drawing on schema theory and entrepreneurial alertness literature, we hypothesize that entrepreneurial alertness enhances CSE, with cultural intelligence moderating this relationship. Our three studies, involving student and non-student samples, provide empirical evidence to generally support these hypotheses. Our study contributes to the existing literature by integrating concepts from entrepreneurship, psychology, and cross-cultural management, enriching our understanding of how these constructs influence CSE. The findings also shed light on the teachability of entrepreneurial alertness and its role in fostering CSE, thus aiding in better preparing future entrepreneurs for the complexities of the global marketplace.