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SOCIAL INTEGRATION OF BOSNIAN-HERZEGOVINIAN CROATS IN CROATIA ON THE EXAMPLE OF OKRUG GORNJI 以okrug gornji为例的波斯尼亚-黑塞哥维那克族在克罗地亚的社会融合
Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.35666/23038950.2020.42.39
Social integration of Bosnian-Herzegovinian Croats in Croatia on the example of Okrug Gornji The paper deals with the social integration of Bosnian-Herzegovinian Croats in Croatia on the example of the settlement of Okrug Gornji as a case study. Correlating the theoretical approaches of human geography and identity studies, the article deals with the phenomenon of migration as a research object in human geography through the relation of ethnic and regional identity as the factors of social integration of the immigrant population. The research proved that B&H Croats are mostly successfully integrated into the social context of Gornji Okrug without forms of spatial and social ghettoization. Being stronger than regional, the common ethnic (and religious) identity of domicile and immigrant population gives a positive impetus for successful integration of the immigrants.
波黑克族在克罗地亚的社会融合以Okrug Gornji的定居为例,探讨波黑克族在克罗地亚的社会融合问题。本文结合人文地理学和认同研究的理论方法,从民族认同和地域认同作为移民人口社会融合因素的关系出发,对作为人文地理学研究对象的移民现象进行研究。研究证明,B&H克罗地亚人大多成功地融入了Gornji Okrug的社会背景,没有空间和社会的贫民区化形式。户籍人口与移民人口共同的民族(宗教)认同强于地域认同,为移民的成功融合提供了积极的动力。
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引用次数: 0
REGIONAL GEOGRAPHY AND GEOGRAPHICAL EDUCATION: CHANGES IN GLOBAL TRENDS IN MODERN SCHOOL GEOGRAPHY 区域地理与地理教育:现代学校地理全球趋势的变化
Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.35666/23038950.2020.42.09
The position of regional geography in the system of geographical sciences is a topic that has been the subject of intense epistemologically and methodologically focused discussion within scientific realm at the global level since the middle of the 20th century. The initial outcome of these processes at the academic level was the marginalization of regional geography in the study of spatial phenomena, but since then there was a partial revitalization of the regional approach. In view of these changes, the place of regional geography within geographical education also began to be problematized. In this paper, it is conducted a critical review of selected academic articles from the last few decades that at least in a certain segment touch on this topic, as well as analysis of recent trends in school geography. This analysis suggests that it is difficult to find an adequate replacement for regional content, especially in the geographical education at lower levels of education, and that in many countries it still represents the basis or at least an important part of the geographical curriculum. However, at the same time, the need for change of teaching approach based on the excessive so-called regional inventory of space, by introducing general geographical concepts in the study of regional units of various levels, and putting them in the service of the development of critical thinking in students.
自20世纪中期以来,区域地理学在地理科学体系中的地位一直是全球科学领域在认识论和方法论上激烈讨论的主题。在学术层面上,这些过程的最初结果是区域地理学在空间现象研究中的边缘化,但从那时起,区域方法得到了部分振兴。鉴于这些变化,区域地理在地理教育中的地位也开始受到质疑。在这篇论文中,它进行了一个批判性的审查,从过去的几十年,至少在一定程度上触及这个话题的学术文章,以及分析学校地理的最新趋势。这一分析表明,很难找到一种适当的方法来取代区域内容,特别是在较低层次的地理教育中,在许多国家,区域内容仍然是地理课程的基础或至少是一个重要部分。但与此同时,需要改变基于过度的所谓区域空间库存的教学方法,通过在各级区域单位的学习中引入一般的地理概念,并使其为学生批判性思维的发展服务。
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引用次数: 0
GEOECOLOGICAL CONTENTS IN THE GEOGRAPHY CURRICULUM IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS OF THE CANTON OF SARAJEVO, 2003-2018 2003-2018年萨拉热窝州小学地理课程中的地质生态学内容
Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.35666/23038950.2020.43.47
Education reforms in Bosnia and Herzegovina began in 2003, when the process of adopting the Framework Law on Education started. Reforms emerged as a need after the war (1992-1995) and the establishment of a new administrative and political arrangement in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The aim of this paper is to analyze the representation of ecological contents, teaching units, topics and lessons in the modern geography curriculum in elementary schools, which contribute to the development of pupils' awareness of the need for environmental protection. The analysis of the objectives and outcomes of learning geography curricula has shown, among other things, the emphasis or accent on environmental education and upbringing. During the work it was noted that teachers have quite enough motives, and certain progress in the realization of ecological activities in teaching geography of Sarajevo primary schools, however, more effort is needed in order to achieve all the aforementioned advantages of ecological education and upbringing.
波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那的教育改革始于2003年,当时开始了通过《教育框架法》的进程。在战争(1992-1995年)和在波斯尼亚-黑塞哥维那建立新的行政和政治安排之后,改革成为一种需要。本文的目的是分析小学现代地理课程中生态内容、教学单元、主题和课程的表现,有助于培养小学生的环境保护意识。对学习地理课程的目标和结果的分析表明,除其他事项外,对环境教育和培养的重视或强调。在工作中发现,在萨拉热窝小学地理教学中,教师有足够的动机,在实现生态活动方面取得了一定的进展,但要实现上述生态教育和培育的所有优势,还需要付出更多的努力。
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引用次数: 0
THE IMPACT OF THE ELECTORAL LAWS ON ELECTORAL PARTICIPATION IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA 选举法对波斯尼亚-黑塞哥维那选举参与的影响
Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.35666/23038950.2020.43.73
Electoral laws governing the election of members to the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina roughly follow the consociational model of institutional arrangements in ethnically divided societies. The existing laws have been widely criticized since its introduction in 1996. Most problematic is the restriction of passive and active voting rights of segments of the electorate. The legislation makes it impossible for voters to vote for representatives of their nationality or to run as candidates for their own national community. In this article, we want to investigate whether the dissatisfaction of this group of voter’s manifests in lower voter turnout and a larger number of invalid ballots. Analysis of election results in the 2018 election reveals a weak correlation between the share of “unrepresented voters” and voter turnout. Consequently, it can be argued that voter dissatisfaction with the electoral system is not reflected in reduced voter turnout. The opposite is true for the share of invalid ballots. The share of “unrepresented voters” and the share of invalid ballots shows a moderately strong correlation. Consequently, we can conclude that many voters, who are prevented by the electoral system from voting for a representative of their nationality, express their protest by casting an invalid ballot.
关于选举波斯尼亚-黑塞哥维那总统成员的选举法大致遵循种族分裂社会体制安排的联合模式。现行法律自1996年出台以来一直受到广泛批评。最大的问题是对部分选民的被动和主动投票权的限制。这项立法使选民不可能投票给自己国籍的代表,也不可能作为自己民族社区的候选人参选。在本文中,我们想探讨这一群体的不满是否表现在投票率较低和无效票较多。对2018年大选结果的分析显示,“无代表选民”比例与选民投票率之间存在弱相关性。因此,可以认为选民对选举制度的不满并没有反映在选民投票率的下降上。无效选票的比例正好相反。“无代表选民”的比例和无效选票的比例显示出中等强的相关性。因此,我们可以得出结论,许多选民由于选举制度而无法投票给其国籍的代表,因此投了一张无效的选票来表达他们的抗议。
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引用次数: 0
CLASSIFICATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES IMPORTANT FOR THE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF SREBRENICA 对斯雷布雷尼察市经济发展重要的自然资源分类
Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.35666/23038950.2020.43.89
The municipality of Srebrenica stretches along the central part of the Drina River in the northeastern part of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is connected via road with Zvornik, Bijeljina, Tuzla, and Sarajevo, and across the bridge on the river Drina with the municipality of Bajina Basta in the Republic of Serbia. The area of the municipality of Srebrenica has significant natural resources, ores, and minerals, forests, and waters. In this article, we have done an economicgeographical classification of natural resources based on the possibilities of their use. The article represents a contribution to the theoretical and practical research of modern processes of the economic-geographical development of the municipality of Srebrenica. Based on field research, previous knowledge, and various information and documents, we analyzed the spatial distribution of economic resources. By analyzing the spatial distribution of economic resources, we also presented their economic value and proposed guidelines for further use and protection.
斯雷布雷尼察市位于波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那东北部的德里纳河中部。它通过公路与兹沃尼克、比耶利纳、图兹拉和萨拉热窝相连,并通过德里纳河上的桥梁与塞尔维亚共和国的巴吉纳巴斯塔市相连。斯雷布雷尼察自治区拥有丰富的自然资源、矿石、矿产、森林和水域。在本文中,我们根据自然资源的利用可能性对其进行了经济地理分类。本文对斯雷布雷尼察市经济地理发展的现代过程的理论和实践研究作出了贡献。在实地调研的基础上,结合前人的知识和各种文献资料,对经济资源的空间分布进行了分析。通过对经济资源空间分布的分析,提出了经济资源的经济价值,并提出了进一步利用和保护的指导方针。
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引用次数: 0
SELECTED CASES OF SUBAQUEOUS SOILS IN SLOVENIAN COASTAL WATERS 斯洛文尼亚沿海水域水下土壤的选定案例
Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.35666/23038950.2020.42.21
Selected cases of subaqueous soils in Slovenian coastal waters The soil is mainly on the mainland, but also in shallow waters, the so-called subaqueous soils. Subaqueous soils form under the water surface, mainly on the bottom of shallow, stagnant waters such as bogs, swamps, lakes, and sea shallows. In St. Bartholomew, three subaqueous soil profiles were studied to investigate them in detail. The sites for recording the soil profiles were selected at random, with the aim of finding a different type of vegetation at each site. We found that the soils were influenced by almost the same factors of subaqueous soil formation; thus, the same soil forming processes of different intensity took place. Therefore, the same, very similar types of subaqueous soils were developed at each site. All samples were collected underwater using drainage pipes and by excavation. The samples were drained in the pipes. In the laboratory, visual observations and standard analysis were performed according to the horizons determined. According to the WRB classification, subaqueous soils in Slovenian coastal waters were classified asreference groups Gleysols and, Arenosols.
土壤主要在大陆,但也在浅水中,即所谓的水下土壤。水下土壤在水面下形成,主要是在浅水、死水的底部,如沼泽、沼泽、湖泊和浅海。在圣巴塞洛缪,研究了三个水下土壤剖面,对它们进行了详细的研究。记录土壤剖面的地点是随机选择的,目的是在每个地点找到不同类型的植被。研究发现,影响地下水土壤形成的因素基本相同;因此,发生了不同强度的相同成土过程。因此,在每个地点都开发了相同的,非常相似的水下土壤类型。所有的样本都是通过排水管道和挖掘在水下收集的。样品在管道中被排干。在实验室中,根据确定的视界进行目视观察和标准分析。根据WRB分类,将斯洛文尼亚沿海水域的水下土壤分为参考类群Gleysols和arennosols。
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引用次数: 0
THE ROLE OF GEOGRAPHY TEACHING IN THE FORMATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONSCIOUSNESS OF STUDENTS 地理教学在学生环境意识形成中的作用
Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.35666/23038950.2020.43.09
A. Džigurski, L. Bibić, S. Vučković, J. Jovanov
Environmental protection is one of the priorities in the curricula of all educational levels. Assuming that students do not show a sufficiently positive attitude towards the environment, it is necessary to point out the need for a better approach in the adoption of these contents. The aim of the research is to find out to what extent the mentioned values are present in the thinking and actions of children, in order to determine the way understanding of environmental consciousness is present. A pilot survey was conducted on a sample of 80 students from the 5th to the 8th grade. It has been confirmed that environmental values are known and acceptable to students, but their behavior is not based entirely on them. The analysis has shown that the environmental contents are not sufficiently used .
环境保护是各级教育课程的重点之一。假设学生对环境没有表现出足够积极的态度,有必要指出在采用这些内容时需要更好的方法。研究的目的是找出上述价值观在多大程度上存在于儿童的思维和行动中,以确定对环境意识的理解方式。我们对80名五年级到八年级的学生进行了试点调查。事实证明,学生们知道并接受环境价值观,但他们的行为并不完全以环境价值观为基础。分析表明,环境成分没有得到充分利用。
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引用次数: 0
URBAN CHANGES AND PROBLEMS OF NOVI SAD IN THE 21ST CENTURY 21世纪诺维萨德的城市变迁与问题
Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.35666/23038950.2020.43.63
Novi Sad is the second-most populous city in Serbia. As an urban entity, and an immigration factor, its importance increased after the break-up of the former Yugoslavia. Due to the immigration of inhabitants, both from the former republics of Yugoslavia and from other parts of Serbia, population growth has led to morphological changes. The city expanded towards Futog, Rumenci and Bački Jarak. In addition, the city has undergone significant changes in the internal physiognomy, in the central parts of the city, as well as in the other parts. In the central parts of the city, efforts are being made to preserve old architectural buildings. However, in the eighties of the last century, the demolition of old buildings in the center began. In their place, they sprouted buildings of modern architecture, which do not fit into the previous style of construction, pertaining to the late 19th and early 20th century. This trend continued later throughout the 21st century. Particularly evident are the changes in the shift of individual, collective construction, which is characteristic of the center itself and the narrower and broader surroundings of the city's central parts. Collective housing facilities are springing up all over Novi Sad, depending on the investor. The style of construction is changing, as well as the purpose of some urban spaces. An additional problem is the increasing traffic load and congestion of roads, especially during the time of getting to school and work, as well as the time of return. These are just some of the apparent issues that Novi Sad faced in the post-socialist period, which need to be solved for the sustainability of an organized city.
诺维萨德是塞尔维亚人口第二多的城市。作为一个城市实体和一个移民因素,其重要性在前南斯拉夫解体后增加了。由于来自前南斯拉夫共和国和塞尔维亚其他地区的居民的移民,人口增长导致了形态变化。城市扩展到Futog, Rumenci和ba ki Jarak。此外,城市的内部面貌发生了重大变化,在城市的中心部分,以及在其他部分。在城市的中心地区,人们正在努力保护老建筑。然而,在上世纪八十年代,市中心的旧建筑开始被拆除。取而代之的是现代建筑,这些建筑不符合19世纪末和20世纪初的建筑风格。这一趋势在21世纪后期持续了下来。尤其明显的是个体、集体建设的转变,这是中心本身以及城市中心部分狭窄和广阔的环境的特征。集体住房设施如雨后春笋般在诺维萨德遍地开花,这取决于投资者。建筑风格在变化,一些城市空间的用途也在变化。另一个问题是日益增加的交通负荷和道路拥堵,特别是在上学和工作以及返回的时间。这些只是诺维萨德在后社会主义时期面临的一些明显问题,为了一个有组织的城市的可持续性,这些问题需要得到解决。
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引用次数: 3
RESIDENTS’ PERCEPTIONS OF SUSTAINABLE TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF BRDA, SLOVENIA 斯洛文尼亚布尔达市居民对可持续旅游发展的看法
Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.35666/23038950.2020.43.21
The concept of sustainable tourism development presupposes constant endeavour, ongoing monitoring, and improvement of all stakeholders involved in order to minimize the negative and maximize the positive effects of tourism. The authors of the paper examine a case study of the area of Goriška Brda (municipality of Brda), located in the western part of Slovenia along the border with Italy, where the predominant (traditional) economic activity is agriculture, and more recently tourism as well. The question is whether the development of tourism in Brda has been sustainable, and how it has affected the life of the local population. What are the perceptions of the local residents of the various effects of tourism in their municipality? Analysis of the state of tourism and a survey research on a representative sample of the local population highlighted predominantly positive influences and consequently positive perceptions. Many inhabitants of the Brda municipality are directly or indirectly dependent on tourism, so they are willing to overlook or minimize the existing negative effects.
可持续旅游发展的概念要求所有利益相关者不断努力,不断监测和改进,以尽量减少旅游业的负面影响,最大限度地提高旅游业的积极影响。该论文的作者对Goriška Brda (Brda市)地区进行了案例研究,该地区位于斯洛文尼亚西部,与意大利接壤,主要的(传统)经济活动是农业,最近也有旅游业。问题是Brda的旅游业发展是否可持续,以及它如何影响当地居民的生活。当地居民对旅游业在他们城市的各种影响的看法是什么?对旅游业状况的分析和对当地人口代表性样本的调查研究突出了主要的积极影响和因此产生的积极看法。布尔达市的许多居民直接或间接依赖旅游业,因此他们愿意忽视或尽量减少现有的负面影响。
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引用次数: 0
SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF VOTES IN UNITED STATES OF AMERICA ACCORDING TO SELECTED DEMOGRAPHIC INDICATORS - AN EXAMPLE OF US PRESIDENTIAL ELECTIONS 根据选定人口指标的美利坚合众国选票的空间分布-以美国总统选举为例
Pub Date : 2019-01-23 DOI: 10.35666/23038950.2018.39.43
J. Lončar, L. Rendulić
Electoral Geography as part of political geography has not been significantly represented as a subject of research in Croatia and neighboring countries, and there is, in particular, a shortage of papers that deal with the in depth analysis of the spatial components of elections.Therefore, the subject of this paper is an analysis of certain demographic indicators or factors and their impact on the spatial distribution of votes in US presidential elections, in the period from 2004 until the last elections in 2016. The selected include racial structure, emphasized in this paper, age-gender structure and urban-rural differences. Analysis has shown that some of the mentioned factors have a greater impact on spatial distribution of votes, having in mind that the racial structure is the starting point for observing spatial distribution of votes and is hierarchically superior to the other observed factors. People of the same racial origin generally have similar voting preferences, and the other factors mostly depend on that factor.
选举地理学作为政治地理学的一部分,在克罗地亚及其邻国并没有作为一项重要的研究课题,特别是缺乏对选举的空间组成部分进行深入分析的论文。因此,本文的主题是分析某些人口指标或因素及其对2004年至2016年最后一次选举期间美国总统选举中选票空间分布的影响。选取的因素包括本文强调的种族结构、年龄-性别结构和城乡差异。分析表明,其中一些因素对选票的空间分布影响较大,因为种族结构是观察选票空间分布的起点,在等级上优于其他观察到的因素。相同种族的人通常有相似的投票偏好,其他因素主要取决于这一因素。
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引用次数: 0
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Geografski pregled. Revue de geographie
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