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Land use changes in the Osrednjeslovenska statistical region between 2000 and 2020 2000 - 2020年Osrednjeslovenska统计区土地利用变化
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.35666/23038950.2021.45.35
The paper showed land use changes in the Osrednjeslovenska statistical region in the period 2000-2020. Changes are analysed in 11 categories of land use. The directions of land use change are also analysed. Changes in arable land are shown using the extensification coefficient. Land use and its changes reflect changed general values in society. Since the beginning of our civilisation, man has adapted land use to his needs. One of the most important functions of land use was land cultivation and food production, which is one of the most important goods and ensures the existence of the individual and the human species. According to Vrabič Kek (2012) »To ensure the proper well-being of a society, harmony is needed between life satisfaction, health, lifelong learning, social life, a sense of security and a suitable environment«.
本文展示了2000-2020年奥斯雷德耶斯洛文斯卡统计区土地利用的变化。分析了11类土地利用的变化。并对土地利用变化的方向进行了分析。耕地面积的变化用扩展系数表示。土地利用及其变化反映了社会普遍价值观的变化。自人类文明开始以来,人类就根据自己的需要调整了土地的使用方式。土地利用最重要的功能之一是土地耕种和粮食生产,这是最重要的商品之一,确保了个人和人类物种的存在。根据vrabiik Kek(2012)的说法,“为了确保社会的适当福祉,需要在生活满意度,健康,终身学习,社会生活,安全感和适当的环境之间实现和谐”。
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引用次数: 0
Endangered plant species of Nature park "Hutovo blato" “Hutovo blato”自然公园的濒危植物物种
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.35666/23038950.2021.45.09
Hutovo Blato Nature Park (NP Hutovo blato) is one of the most important natural rarities on a national and international level. The diverse vascular flora also occupies a special value within the Hutovo blato Nature Park. According to the available literature data and our own field research in the area of NP Hutovo blato, there are over 750 plant species of vascular flora. Within this paper, an overview of plant species that exist in the area of NP Hutovo blato, which are on the Red List of Flora of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, is given.
Hutovo Blato自然公园(NP Hutovo Blato)是国家和国际层面上最重要的自然稀罕之一。多样的维管植物群在Hutovo blato自然公园中也占有特殊的价值。根据现有的文献资料和我们在胡托沃布拉托地区的实地调查,维管植物区系有750多种。本文对列入波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那联邦植物红色名录的NP Hutovo blato地区的植物种类进行了综述。
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引用次数: 0
Biodiversity and sequestration potentials of the peat soils in the area of Livanjsko field 利万尼斯科地区泥炭土的生物多样性和封存潜力
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.35666/23038950.2021.44.09
Livanjsko field is one of the largest karst fields in the subtropical climate zone in the world. According to its geographical position, this field has a number of specific natural features, among which its biodiversity is especially significant, which arose in specific geological and hydro-morphological conditions in its northern, central and southern part. One of the special natural features of this area is the peat pedological substrate which was formed in the conditions of specific paleogeographic conditions that existed in the wider Mediterranean biogeographical region during the Neogene. However, over the last 50 years, various negative anthropogenic pressures have been registered that have a very negative impact on the overall natural heritage of this Ramsar site. The paper investigates the elements of the diversity of recent flora and field vegetation. Special emphasis in these researches was placed on the sequestration potentials of peat pedosubstrate formed in the northern and southern part of Livanjsko field.
利万尼斯科气田是世界上最大的亚热带喀斯特气田之一。根据其地理位置,该领域具有许多特定的自然特征,其中生物多样性尤为显著,这是在其北部、中部和南部特定的地质和水文形态条件下产生的。该区独特的自然特征之一是泥炭土壤基质,它是在新近纪时广泛存在于地中海生物地理区的特定古地理条件下形成的。然而,在过去的50年里,各种负面的人为压力对拉姆萨尔湿地的整体自然遗产产生了非常负面的影响。本文研究了近代植物区系和野外植被多样性的构成要素。在这些研究中,特别强调了在Livanjsko油田北部和南部形成的泥炭土壤基质的封存潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Prospects of agritourism development for the domestic market: case of Mauritius 国内市场的农业发展前景:以毛里求斯为例
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.35666/23038950.2021.44.69
Since agritourism is in its infancy in Mauritius and limited information is available on the topic, the aim of the study was to examine potential visitors’ perceptions of agritourism development. A qualitative approach to inquiry was used and semi-structured interviews were conducted with 21 respondents through convenience sampling. Information were collected on the awareness of agritourism, desired expectations and experiences and potential challenges to engage in agritourism. Interviews were supported by the photo-elicitation technique where pictures were selected by the research team prior to the interviews to aid participants to visualise agritourism in case they were not familiar with the concept. The findings reveal that agritourism is an unfamiliar and new concept for the domestic market although the literature acknowledges that it is a widely adopted form of tourism in many parts of the world. Moreover, the study also showed that contextual considerations might pose challenges to the development of agritourism specially the very small size of farms in this island destination. Low income and limited level of service may also be a challenge for small entrepreneurs, yet, this study showed that visitor experience can still be enhanced with minimal primary facilities. Moreover, enterprises with small farm settings may be able to consolidate their product offer by focusing on authenticity and engaging experiences such as the discovery of the local food journey and hands-on food preparation.
由于毛里求斯的农业旅游尚处于起步阶段,有关该主题的信息有限,因此本研究的目的是研究潜在游客对农业旅游发展的看法。采用定性调查方法,通过方便抽样,对21名受访者进行了半结构化访谈。收集了关于农业旅游的认识、期望和经验以及从事农业旅游的潜在挑战的信息。采访采用了图片启发技术,研究小组在采访前选择了图片,以帮助参与者在不熟悉农业旅游概念的情况下将其可视化。研究结果表明,尽管文献承认农业旅游在世界许多地方是一种广泛采用的旅游形式,但对国内市场来说,农业旅游是一个陌生的新概念。此外,该研究还表明,环境因素可能会对农业旅游的发展构成挑战,特别是这个岛屿目的地的农场规模很小。低收入和有限的服务水平也可能是小企业家面临的挑战,然而,这项研究表明,游客体验仍然可以通过最小的基础设施来增强。此外,拥有小农场环境的企业可以通过专注于真实性和吸引人的体验(如发现当地美食之旅和亲自动手制作食物)来巩固他们的产品供应。
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引用次数: 0
Identification and Geovisualization of Morphological-hydrographic characteristics of the Jala River Basin 贾拉河流域地貌水文特征识别与地理可视化
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.35666/23038950.2021.45.79
The paper identifies and geovisualizes the morphological and hydrographic features of the Jala River Basin. Based on the AW3D30 Digital Surface Model, released in 2018 by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), a 10-meter DEM of the Jala Basin and terrain slope and exposure models were prepared. Hydrographic characteristics of the basin were interpreted on the basis of morphometric analysis of the basin, using a topographic map scale 1:25,000, issued in 1976 by the Military Geographical Institute from Belgrade, and based on hydroclimatic data of the Federal Hydrometeorological Institute from Sarajevo.Using methods and algorithms integrated in QGIS, raster and vector values of the most important indicators of recent morphological and hydrographic features of the Jala basin (hypsometry, slope and aspect, hydrographic system and network, etc.) were obtained, after which their analytical-synthetic interpretation and geovisualization was performed.Five thematic maps and three terrain profiles have been prepared, which essentially illustrate the treated morphological and hydrographic indicators of the basin, which are indispensable in urban planning, regulation and arrangement of the Jala riverbed and tributaries, landslide remediation in the basin, etc.
本文对贾拉河流域的形态和水文特征进行了识别和地理可视化。基于日本宇宙航空研究开发机构(JAXA) 2018年发布的AW3D30数字地表模型,制备了Jala盆地的10米DEM和地形坡度和暴露模型。根据1976年贝尔格莱德军事地理研究所发行的比例尺为1:25 000的地形图和萨拉热窝联邦水文气象研究所的水文气候数据,对流域的水文特征进行了解释。利用QGIS中集成的方法和算法,获得了Jala盆地最近形态和水文特征的最重要指标(坡度和坡向、水文系统和水文网络等)的栅格和矢量值,并对其进行了分析综合解译和地理可视化。编制了5张专题地图和3张地形剖面图,基本说明了处理过的流域形态和水文指标,这些指标在城市规划、贾拉河河床和支流的整治布置、流域滑坡修复等工作中不可或缺。
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引用次数: 0
LIGHT POLLUTION IN SLOVENIA IN 2019 WITH SPECIAL REGARD TO NATURA 2000 AREAS 2019年斯洛文尼亚光污染情况,特别涉及2000个自然区域
Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.35666/23038950.2020.42.69
Light pollution in Slovenia in 2019 with special regard to Natura 2000 areas The article shows the state of light pollution in Slovenia. Remote sensing data from the Suomi satellite were analysed. Light pollution is shown by radiance expressed in nW/(sr cm2 ). In Slovenia, there are large differences in state of light polution. The most polluted areas are located in the area of larger settlements and in areas with higher levels of infrastructure. The spread of light does not stop at the borders of protected areas, so we also analyzed the state of light pollution in Natura 2000 sites in Slovenia. It turns out that the most lightpolluted areas are those that lie around larger settlements or suburbanised regions (Ljubljansko Barje, Šmarna gora, Drava).
2019年斯洛文尼亚的光污染,特别是在nata 2000地区。文章展示了斯洛文尼亚的光污染状况。分析了来自Suomi卫星的遥感数据。光污染用辐照度表示,单位为nW/(sr cm2)。在斯洛文尼亚,光污染的状况有很大的不同。污染最严重的地区位于较大的居民区和基础设施水平较高的地区。光的传播并不局限于保护区的边界,所以我们也分析了斯洛文尼亚Natura 2000站点的光污染状况。事实证明,光污染最严重的地区是那些位于较大定居点或郊区的地区(卢布尔雅斯科巴耶,Šmarna戈拉,德拉瓦)。
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引用次数: 0
TRENDS OF SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA IN PERIOD 2000-2018 2000-2018年波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那空间发展趋势
Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.35666/23038950.2020.42.57
Trends of spatial development in Bosnia and Herzegovina in period 2000-2018 Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) has undergone significant changes in land use during the last 20 years. According to CORINE Land Cover (CLC) artificial areas have increased spatial coverage, forests and semi-natural areas as well, while agricultural land has decreased. It is to be expected that such trends will continue, having in mind demographic processes, urbanization processes, infrastructure and economic projects, etc. The CLC project has started about 40 years ago and coordinated by the European Environment Agency (EEA). BiH has been participating in the project since 2000. Every six years, new data are pubished in form of land cover types and changes comparing to the previous period, so that trends in spatial development can be followed. In this regard, there are already four databases in BiH: for 2000, 2006, 2012 and the most recent for 2018. Data are obtained mainly by satellite image processing and divided into three levels: the first level contains 5 main classes (artificial surfaces, agricultural areas, forests and seminatural areas, wetlands and water bodies), the second level has 15 subclasses and the third level, the most detailed, has 44 subclasses. At the third level, there are distinction between similar land cover types, e.g. continuous and discontinuous urban areas or between broadleaved and coniferous forests, etc. This has resulted in a unique database that aims to determine the state and trends of spatial development, which is useful for creating strategic plans: in the field of spatial planning, forestry, agriculture, natural resources managemant, environment, etc.
在过去的20年里,波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那(波黑)的土地利用发生了重大变化。根据CORINE土地覆盖(CLC),人工区域、森林和半自然区域的空间覆盖增加了,而农业用地则减少了。考虑到人口进程、城市化进程、基础设施和经济项目等,预计这种趋势将继续下去。CLC项目大约在40年前开始,由欧洲环境署(EEA)协调。波黑自2000年以来一直参与该项目。每六年,以土地覆盖类型和与前一时期相比变化的形式发布新的数据,以便跟踪空间发展的趋势。在这方面,波黑已经有四个数据库:2000年、2006年、2012年和最近的2018年。数据主要通过卫星图像处理获得,分为三级:第一级包含5个主要类别(人工地表、农业区、森林和半自然区域、湿地和水体),第二级有15个小类别,第三级是最详细的,有44个小类别。在第三层次,类似土地覆盖类型之间存在差异,例如连续和不连续的城市地区或阔叶林和针叶林等。这就产生了一个独特的数据库,旨在确定空间发展的状态和趋势,这对制定战略计划很有用:在空间规划、林业、农业、自然资源管理、环境等领域。
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引用次数: 1
TOOLS FOR SUSTAINABLE AND SMART LAND USE: SLOVENIAN APPROACH FOR LAND REGENERATION SUPPORT 可持续和智能土地利用的工具:斯洛文尼亚土地再生支持方法
Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.35666/23038950.2020.42.101
Functionally degraded areas (FDAs) refer to not fully utilized or abandoned land with visible effects of previous use, and of lower utility value. Such areas may have potential for new development and ecological enhancement. In Slovenia, the first database of FDAs was created in 2017, where we developed a completely new spatial data layer in addition to the typology of FDAs and a methodological approach for systematic monitoring. In 2020, we updated the database in collaboration with spatial planners from all 212 Slovenian municipalities. To enable collaboration and to monitor changes in FDAs, we developed a custom application using the ArcGIS Online platform. The presented tools, a new database and an online application, can play an important role in the process of planning and decision making at different spatial levels. They could stop the expansion of built-up areas, contribute to more rational land use according to the principle of "no net land take", support the transition to a carbon-free society and enable active regeneration of degraded areas.
功能退化区(FDAs)是指未充分利用或废弃的土地,以前的使用效果明显,使用价值较低。这些地区可能有潜力进行新的发展和改善生态。在斯洛文尼亚,2017年创建了第一个fda数据库,除了fda的类型学和系统监测的方法学方法之外,我们还开发了一个全新的空间数据层。2020年,我们与斯洛文尼亚所有212个城市的空间规划者合作更新了数据库。为了实现协作和监测fda的变化,我们使用ArcGIS Online平台开发了一个自定义应用程序。所提出的工具,一个新的数据库和一个在线应用程序,可以在不同空间层次的规划和决策过程中发挥重要作用。它们可以阻止建成区的扩张,根据“无净土地占用”的原则,促进更合理的土地利用,支持向无碳社会的过渡,并使退化地区能够积极再生。
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引用次数: 1
ANALYSIS OF LAND COVER CHANGES IN THE AREA OF THE TOWN OF GORAŽDE goraŽde镇区域土地覆盖变化分析
Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.35666/23038950.2020.43.37
The subject of the research is the analysis of the land cover changes in the area of the town of Goražde. In the period after 1995, throughout the entire Bosnia and Herzegovina, a visible spontaneous spatial planning contributed to significant changes in the land cover. The research aims to determine how many changes have taken place in the last few decades in the researched area when it comes to land cover. The analysis is based on topographic maps from 1980, Google Earth images, then Corina Land Cover images from 2000, 2006, 2012, and 2018. Research on the topic was conducted through several phases. The first part of the paper refers to determining the geographical location of the research area and defining all its components. The second part of the paper deals with a detailed analysis of all categories of land cover in the last twenty years. The third part of the paper involves a comparative analysis of quantitative and qualitative indicators of land cover in the town of Goražde. The complete procedure of the analysis was performed using GIS, where the corresponding databases were created and a cartographic visualization for the investigated area was performed.
本研究的主题是对Goražde镇地区土地覆盖变化的分析。1995年以后,在整个波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那,可见的自发空间规划促成了土地覆盖的重大变化。这项研究的目的是确定在过去的几十年里,当涉及到土地覆盖时,研究区域发生了多少变化。该分析基于1980年的地形图、谷歌地球图像,以及2000年、2006年、2012年和2018年的Corina土地覆盖图像。本课题的研究分几个阶段进行。论文的第一部分是确定研究区域的地理位置,并定义其所有组成部分。第二部分详细分析了近二十年来各类土地覆盖的变化情况。第三部分对Goražde镇土地覆盖的定量和定性指标进行了比较分析。完整的分析过程使用GIS进行,其中创建了相应的数据库,并对调查区域进行了地图可视化。
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引用次数: 0
SPATIAL DIFFERENTIATION OF THE IMPACT OF TRANSPORTATION ON PEOPLE'S EVERYDAY LIFE 交通对人们日常生活的空间分异影响
Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.35666/23038950.2020.42.83
The everyday activities of people urge the necessity of mobility in space, where spaces differ in their transportation characteristics, which leads to a different impact of transporation on the everyday life of the people who live in them. The Municipality of Sveti Ivan Žabno was chosen for the study as a case study of spatial differences in transporation characteristics. In this municipality there is a pronounced spatial polarization in terms of transportation characteristics. Thus, depending on the distance from the main transportation routes, it is possible to distinguish the areas with more favorable and less favorable transportation characteristics. The aim of this paper is to define the spatial differentiation of the impact of transportation on the everyday life of people living along and away from the main roads in the Municipality. The methodology of the study is based on the qualitative method of the interview and the use of GIS. Research has shown that young people and older people had more difficulties with transportation than adults. This was particularly pronounced in the part of the Municipality further away from the main transportation routes, where the possibility of using public transportation was difficult and the problem of the difficulty of people's participation in everyday activities was pronounced. Along the main roads the question of safety of pedestrians and cyclists arose due to the lack of sidewalks and cycle paths.
人们的日常活动促使了空间流动性的必要性,而空间的交通特征不同,这就导致了交通对居住在其中的人们的日常生活产生了不同的影响。Sveti Ivan市Žabno被选为研究交通特征空间差异的案例。这个城市在交通特征方面存在明显的空间极化。因此,根据与主要交通路线的距离,可以区分交通特征较好和较差的地区。本文的目的是定义交通对城市主要道路沿线和周边居民日常生活影响的空间分异。本研究的方法论是基于访谈的定性方法和GIS的使用。研究表明,年轻人和老年人在交通方面比成年人遇到更多的困难。在远离主要交通路线的市区,这种情况尤其明显,在那里很难使用公共交通工具,人们难以参与日常活动的问题也很明显。沿着主要道路,由于缺乏人行道和自行车道,行人和骑自行车的人的安全问题出现了。
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引用次数: 0
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Geografski pregled. Revue de geographie
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