Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.35841/2249-622X.67.19-256
A. Dokubo, Odinaka Em, C. Jao
The study was aimed to evaluate the α-glucosidase inhibitory properties of combined ethanol seed extract of Piper guineense and Tetracarpidium conophorum (CEPGTC). In vitro inhibitory assay was conducted in accordance with standard methods. p-nitrophenyl--D-glucopyranoside (pNPG) was used as a substrate. Fixed amount of the enzyme was incubated with increasing concentrations of CEPGTC seed extract (20-100 μg/ml) at 37°C for 15 min. The continuous production of p-nitrophenol was determined by measuring the absorbances at 410 nm. Acarbose at varying concentration (20-100g/ml) was used as the positive control. The median Inhibitory Concentration (IC50) values were graphically determined as the half-maximal inhibitory from plots of percent inhibition against log inhibitor concentration and by non-linear regression analysis. The enzyme kinetics (pattern of Inhibition) was determined using the Michaelis Menten’s equation and Lineweaver-Burk plot. The result showed that there was inhibition in all concentrations evaluated. The IC50 values estimated were 2.9 μg/ml and 2.5 μg/ml for CEPGTC and acarbose respectively. However, The IC50 value for acarbose was significantly (p<0.05) different from CEPGTC which is an indication of acarbose as effective -glucosidase inhibitor thus, used as positive control. An enzyme kinetics studies from the Lineweaver-Burke plot showed that CEPGTC seed extract demonstrated an uncompetitive inhibition on α-glucosidase while acarbose exhibited non competive (mixed inhibition). The inhibitory response and mechanism of inhibition observed in this study showed that combined ethanol seed extract of Piper guineense and Tetracarpidium conophorum has the potential to reduce glucose turnover and improve Hyperglycemia.
{"title":"Inhibitory Properties of Combined Ethanol Seed Extract of P. guineense and T. conophorum on -Glucosidase Enzyme","authors":"A. Dokubo, Odinaka Em, C. Jao","doi":"10.35841/2249-622X.67.19-256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35841/2249-622X.67.19-256","url":null,"abstract":"The study was aimed to evaluate the α-glucosidase inhibitory properties of combined ethanol seed extract of Piper guineense and Tetracarpidium conophorum (CEPGTC). In vitro inhibitory assay was conducted in accordance with standard methods. p-nitrophenyl--D-glucopyranoside (pNPG) was used as a substrate. Fixed amount of the enzyme was incubated with increasing concentrations of CEPGTC seed extract (20-100 μg/ml) at 37°C for 15 min. The continuous production of p-nitrophenol was determined by measuring the absorbances at 410 nm. Acarbose at varying concentration (20-100g/ml) was used as the positive control. The median Inhibitory Concentration (IC50) values were graphically determined as the half-maximal inhibitory from plots of percent inhibition against log inhibitor concentration and by non-linear regression analysis. The enzyme kinetics (pattern of Inhibition) was determined using the Michaelis Menten’s equation and Lineweaver-Burk plot. The result showed that there was inhibition in all concentrations evaluated. The IC50 values estimated were 2.9 μg/ml and 2.5 μg/ml for CEPGTC and acarbose respectively. However, The IC50 value for acarbose was significantly (p<0.05) different from CEPGTC which is an indication of acarbose as effective -glucosidase inhibitor thus, used as positive control. An enzyme kinetics studies from the Lineweaver-Burke plot showed that CEPGTC seed extract demonstrated an uncompetitive inhibition on α-glucosidase while acarbose exhibited non competive (mixed inhibition). The inhibitory response and mechanism of inhibition observed in this study showed that combined ethanol seed extract of Piper guineense and Tetracarpidium conophorum has the potential to reduce glucose turnover and improve Hyperglycemia.","PeriodicalId":8517,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89083047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.4066/2249-622X-C1-017
A. Parlar
{"title":"THE EFFECT OF SYNTHETIC CB2 RECEPTOR AGONIST (AM1241) ON CYTOKINE LEVELS IN OVALBUMIN-INDUCED ASTHMA IN RATS","authors":"A. Parlar","doi":"10.4066/2249-622X-C1-017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4066/2249-622X-C1-017","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8517,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"175 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79706887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.35841/2249-622X.67.19-066
Md. Haroon Or Rashid, Mirajul Islam, A. Imtiaz, Hasina Mahmuda Ferdushi, A. Salahuddin, Monzur Hussain Chowdhury, Tufael
Doctor's profession has long been among one of the most attractive professions in our society, but doctors are increasingly getting dissatisfied with their jobs. Job satisfaction is very important but very less studied issue. The aim of this study to assess the level of job satisfaction among doctors at selected Upazila Health Complexes in Barisal District. A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted among 59 doctors posted in 9 Upazila Health Complexes of Barisal district. Data was collected by using structured questionnaire consisting of 54 questions and JSS (Job Satisfaction Survey) scale, where higher values indicated higher level of satisfaction. The average scores of items were computed to construct factor scores for each individual. The total number of doctors included in this study was 59.78% were male. Majority (66.1%) had age ranged 25-35 years. Majority (86.4%) of doctors was married and almost 80% were Muslim. Most of the respondents (64.4%) had clinical experience of 0 to 5 years. The result displayed that 57.6% of doctors were dissatisfied, 27.1% were satisfied and 15.3% were ambivalent. Majority of the respondents were dissatisfied with salary, promotional scope allowances, night duty, working hours, accommodation facility and transport facility. Job satisfaction among doctors in this study was low. Responsible authority should take necessary action to improve job satisfaction.
{"title":"Job satisfaction of doctors working at Upazila Health Complexes in Barisal District.","authors":"Md. Haroon Or Rashid, Mirajul Islam, A. Imtiaz, Hasina Mahmuda Ferdushi, A. Salahuddin, Monzur Hussain Chowdhury, Tufael","doi":"10.35841/2249-622X.67.19-066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35841/2249-622X.67.19-066","url":null,"abstract":"Doctor's profession has long been among one of the most attractive professions in our society, but doctors are increasingly getting dissatisfied with their jobs. Job satisfaction is very important but very less studied issue. The aim of this study to assess the level of job satisfaction among doctors at selected Upazila Health Complexes in Barisal District. A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted among 59 doctors posted in 9 Upazila Health Complexes of Barisal district. Data was collected by using structured questionnaire consisting of 54 questions and JSS (Job Satisfaction Survey) scale, where higher values indicated higher level of satisfaction. The average scores of items were computed to construct factor scores for each individual. The total number of doctors included in this study was 59.78% were male. Majority (66.1%) had age ranged 25-35 years. Majority (86.4%) of doctors was married and almost 80% were Muslim. Most of the respondents (64.4%) had clinical experience of 0 to 5 years. The result displayed that 57.6% of doctors were dissatisfied, 27.1% were satisfied and 15.3% were ambivalent. Majority of the respondents were dissatisfied with salary, promotional scope allowances, night duty, working hours, accommodation facility and transport facility. Job satisfaction among doctors in this study was low. Responsible authority should take necessary action to improve job satisfaction.","PeriodicalId":8517,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89774831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.4066/2249-622x-c1-016
Aldo Alexander Silva Garcia
{"title":"ADVANTAGES OF HANDS PRO INSTRUMENTAL MANIPULATION IN SPORT","authors":"Aldo Alexander Silva Garcia","doi":"10.4066/2249-622x-c1-016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4066/2249-622x-c1-016","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8517,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"100 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79281719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.35841/2249-622X.66.18-867
Hamed Hakkak, M. Azarnoosh
Technological advances introduce different methods for telecardiology. Telecardiology includes many applications and is one of the long-standing medical fields that have grown very well. In telecardiology, a very high amount of ECG data is recorded. Therefore, to compress electrocardiogram data (ECG), there is a need for an efficient technique and lossless compression. The compression of ECG data reduces the storage needs for a more efficient cardiological system and for analyzing and diagnosing the condition of the heart. In this paper, ECG signal data compression techniques are analyzed using the MIT-BIH database and then compared with the Apnea-ECG and Challenge 2017 Training bases. During the study, some of the various techniques of frequency analysis, range and time are widely used, such as run-time coding, AZTEC, Spin-Coding, FFT, DCT, DST, SAPA/FAN and DCT-II, where DCT and SAPA/FAN have the best compression performance compared to other methods.
{"title":"Analysis of lossless compression techniques time-frequency-based in ECG signal compression.","authors":"Hamed Hakkak, M. Azarnoosh","doi":"10.35841/2249-622X.66.18-867","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35841/2249-622X.66.18-867","url":null,"abstract":"Technological advances introduce different methods for telecardiology. Telecardiology includes many applications and is one of the long-standing medical fields that have grown very well. In telecardiology, a very high amount of ECG data is recorded. Therefore, to compress electrocardiogram data (ECG), there is a need for an efficient technique and lossless compression. The compression of ECG data reduces the storage needs for a more efficient cardiological system and for analyzing and diagnosing the condition of the heart. In this paper, ECG signal data compression techniques are analyzed using the MIT-BIH database and then compared with the Apnea-ECG and Challenge 2017 Training bases. During the study, some of the various techniques of frequency analysis, range and time are widely used, such as run-time coding, AZTEC, Spin-Coding, FFT, DCT, DST, SAPA/FAN and DCT-II, where DCT and SAPA/FAN have the best compression performance compared to other methods.","PeriodicalId":8517,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"325 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79716816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.35841/2249-622X.67.19-258
E. Ewere, N. Okolie, G. Eze, D. Jegede
Arsenic has been reported to contaminate groundwater and agricultural soil in different parts of the World. The effect of ethanol leaf extract of Irvingia gabonensis (ELEIG) against sodium arsenite (SA)- induced renal toxicity was investigated in this study. Wistar albino rats of weights between 100 and 161 g were assigned to eleven (11) groups of five (5) animals each. Group 1 (control) was given feed and water ad libitum. Group 2 was exposed to SA at a dose of 4.1 mg/kg body weight (kgbw) for two weeks. Groups 3-11 were treated with ELEIG with or without SA. Treatment was done orally and lasted for 14 days. Serum concentrations of urea, creatinine, sodium ion (Na+ ), potassium ion (K+ ), bicarbonate (HCO3 -) and chloride ion (Cl-) as well as histological assessment of kidney tissues were used to assess kidney function. Results show that SA caused significant (p?0.05) increases in serum concentrations of all assayed parameters as well as acute tubular necrosis, vascular lesions of ulceration and stenosis. Treatment with ELEIG both simultaneously and 2 weeks after SA exposure reversed the deleterious effects of SA. Administration of the extract alone at various doses also produced similar results with those of the normal control. It may therefore be concluded that ELEIG possesses potent medicinal properties against SA-induced renal toxicity in Wistar rats.
{"title":"Irvingia Gabonensis Leaves Mitigate Arsenic-Induced Renal Toxicity In Wistar Rats","authors":"E. Ewere, N. Okolie, G. Eze, D. Jegede","doi":"10.35841/2249-622X.67.19-258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35841/2249-622X.67.19-258","url":null,"abstract":"Arsenic has been reported to contaminate groundwater and agricultural soil in different parts of the World. The effect of ethanol leaf extract of Irvingia gabonensis (ELEIG) against sodium arsenite (SA)- induced renal toxicity was investigated in this study. Wistar albino rats of weights between 100 and 161 g were assigned to eleven (11) groups of five (5) animals each. Group 1 (control) was given feed and water ad libitum. Group 2 was exposed to SA at a dose of 4.1 mg/kg body weight (kgbw) for two weeks. Groups 3-11 were treated with ELEIG with or without SA. Treatment was done orally and lasted for 14 days. Serum concentrations of urea, creatinine, sodium ion (Na+ ), potassium ion (K+ ), bicarbonate (HCO3 -) and chloride ion (Cl-) as well as histological assessment of kidney tissues were used to assess kidney function. Results show that SA caused significant (p?0.05) increases in serum concentrations of all assayed parameters as well as acute tubular necrosis, vascular lesions of ulceration and stenosis. Treatment with ELEIG both simultaneously and 2 weeks after SA exposure reversed the deleterious effects of SA. Administration of the extract alone at various doses also produced similar results with those of the normal control. It may therefore be concluded that ELEIG possesses potent medicinal properties against SA-induced renal toxicity in Wistar rats.","PeriodicalId":8517,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"18 1","pages":"17-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91379438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.35841/2249-622X.67.18-963
U. Rose, Ukibe Solomon Nwabueze, Onwubuya Ikechukwu Emmanuel, O. A. Kalu
Background: Malaria infection still remains a notable health problem in resource-limited countries due to difficulties in the implementation of control measures. This was a prospective study designed to assess the prevalence of asymptomatic P. falciparum malaria infection in premedical undergraduate students at Nnamdi Azikiwe University Nnewi, Nigeria. Methods: A total of 180 consenting apparently healthy subjects (male=90), female=90) aged 18-30 years were randomly recruited for this study. One millimeters of blood sample was collected from each of these participants and dispensed into EDTA bottle for P.falciparum malaria parasite screening using thick and thin film Giemsa staining technique and HRP2Pf rapid antigen diagnostic test kit (Access Bio Inc., USA). Results: Ninety nine (99) of these participants tested positive for asymptomatic P. falciparum malaria giving a prevalent rate of 55% while 81 subjects were uninfected and served as control The prevalence was higher in males (54.5%), underweight (46.5%) (P<0.0001) and among students aged 18-21 years (48.5%) followed by overweight (30.3%) students (P=0.039). Only (33.9%) of all the students used insecticide treated net (ITNs) (P=0.008). Conclusions: The present study showed high prevalence rate of asymptomatic P. falciparum malaria infection among university students who continuously served as reservoir for transmission to the uninfected ones which might progress to disease severity if left untreated.
背景:在资源有限的国家，疟疾感染仍然是一个显著的健康问题，因为在实施控制措施方面存在困难。这是一项前瞻性研究，旨在评估尼日利亚Nnamdi Azikiwe大学医学预科本科生中无症状恶性疟原虫疟疾感染的流行情况。方法:随机招募年龄在18 ~ 30岁、身体明显健康的受试者180例(男90例，女90例)。每位受试者采集1毫米血样，分装到EDTA瓶中，采用厚膜和薄膜吉姆萨染色技术和HRP2Pf快速抗原诊断试剂盒(Access Bio Inc.，美国)对恶性疟原虫进行筛查。结果:无症状恶性疟原虫阳性99例(99人)，患病率55%，对照组81例(81人)未感染，其中男性患病率较高(54.5%)，体重过轻(46.5%)(P<0.0001)， 18-21岁学生患病率较高(48.5%)，其次为超重(30.3%)(P=0.039)。只有33.9%的学生使用杀虫剂处理过的蚊帐(ITNs) (P=0.008)。结论:无症状恶性疟原虫在大学生群体中的感染率较高，并持续为未感染者传播传染源，如不及时治疗，可能发展为严重疾病。
{"title":"Asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum malaria infection in University undergraduate students","authors":"U. Rose, Ukibe Solomon Nwabueze, Onwubuya Ikechukwu Emmanuel, O. A. Kalu","doi":"10.35841/2249-622X.67.18-963","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35841/2249-622X.67.18-963","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Malaria infection still remains a notable health problem in resource-limited countries due to difficulties in the implementation of control measures. This was a prospective study designed to assess the prevalence of asymptomatic P. falciparum malaria infection in premedical undergraduate students at Nnamdi Azikiwe University Nnewi, Nigeria. Methods: A total of 180 consenting apparently healthy subjects (male=90), female=90) aged 18-30 years were randomly recruited for this study. One millimeters of blood sample was collected from each of these participants and dispensed into EDTA bottle for P.falciparum malaria parasite screening using thick and thin film Giemsa staining technique and HRP2Pf rapid antigen diagnostic test kit (Access Bio Inc., USA). Results: Ninety nine (99) of these participants tested positive for asymptomatic P. falciparum malaria giving a prevalent rate of 55% while 81 subjects were uninfected and served as control The prevalence was higher in males (54.5%), underweight (46.5%) (P<0.0001) and among students aged 18-21 years (48.5%) followed by overweight (30.3%) students (P=0.039). Only (33.9%) of all the students used insecticide treated net (ITNs) (P=0.008). Conclusions: The present study showed high prevalence rate of asymptomatic P. falciparum malaria infection among university students who continuously served as reservoir for transmission to the uninfected ones which might progress to disease severity if left untreated.","PeriodicalId":8517,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"75 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80789952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.4066/2249-622x-c1-018
Alisa C
{"title":"COMPREHENSIVE JOINT PROGRAM IN THE TRANSITION TO OUTPATIENT ARTHROPLASTY","authors":"Alisa C","doi":"10.4066/2249-622x-c1-018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4066/2249-622x-c1-018","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8517,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"170 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78617532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.35841/2249-622X.66.18-890
Ibrahim A Ai, Hassan Aa, Ahmed Oa, Daffalla So
Background: Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) is a frequently encountered lower respiratory tract parenchymal lung infection which continues to be a major health problem leading to significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Objective: This study was aimed to determine frequency and susceptibility pattern of bacterial etiology of community acquired pneumonia isolates from Sudanese patients. Materials and methods: One hundred Sputum specimens were collected from patients with Community Acquired Pneumonia attended to chest unit in Alshaab Teaching Hospital during the period between Januarys to March 2017. The patients were grouped according their age as follows (year); 16 to 26, 27 to 37, 38 to 48, and 49 to 60.Antibiotic susceptibility test of isolated organisms were carry out by the Kirby- Baur disc diffusion method. Results: Out of 100 patient enrolled in the study the etiology was identified in 42/100 (42%) with most frequent isolates Klebsiella pneumoniae 18/42 (42.8%) followed by: Pseudomonas aeruginosa 13/42 (30.9%), Staphylococcus aureus 10/42 (23.9%) and Escherichia coli 1/42 (2.4%). Only 3 (16.7%) organisms among all isolated Klebsiella pneumoniae were found resistant to all investigated antibiotic (third generation cephalosporin (3GC)) 6/10 (60%) from all isolated Staphylococcus aureus found resistant to methicillin (ME 10 μg) and Oxacillin (OX 1 μg). All isolated Pseudomonas aeruginosa were sensitive to Meropenem. The isolated Escherichia coli found only resistant to Ampicillin. Conclusion: Prevalence of community-acquired pneumonia in adult Sudanese patients is relatively high with major causative agents Klebsiella pneumoniae.
{"title":"Bacterial Etiology of Community Acquired Pneumonia and their Antimicrobial Susceptibility in Patients Admitted to Alshaab Teaching Hospital, Sudan.","authors":"Ibrahim A Ai, Hassan Aa, Ahmed Oa, Daffalla So","doi":"10.35841/2249-622X.66.18-890","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35841/2249-622X.66.18-890","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) is a frequently encountered lower respiratory tract parenchymal lung infection which continues to be a major health problem leading to significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Objective: This study was aimed to determine frequency and susceptibility pattern of bacterial etiology of community acquired pneumonia isolates from Sudanese patients. Materials and methods: One hundred Sputum specimens were collected from patients with Community Acquired Pneumonia attended to chest unit in Alshaab Teaching Hospital during the period between Januarys to March 2017. The patients were grouped according their age as follows (year); 16 to 26, 27 to 37, 38 to 48, and 49 to 60.Antibiotic susceptibility test of isolated organisms were carry out by the Kirby- Baur disc diffusion method. Results: Out of 100 patient enrolled in the study the etiology was identified in 42/100 (42%) with most frequent isolates Klebsiella pneumoniae 18/42 (42.8%) followed by: Pseudomonas aeruginosa 13/42 (30.9%), Staphylococcus aureus 10/42 (23.9%) and Escherichia coli 1/42 (2.4%). Only 3 (16.7%) organisms among all isolated Klebsiella pneumoniae were found resistant to all investigated antibiotic (third generation cephalosporin (3GC)) 6/10 (60%) from all isolated Staphylococcus aureus found resistant to methicillin (ME 10 μg) and Oxacillin (OX 1 μg). All isolated Pseudomonas aeruginosa were sensitive to Meropenem. The isolated Escherichia coli found only resistant to Ampicillin. Conclusion: Prevalence of community-acquired pneumonia in adult Sudanese patients is relatively high with major causative agents Klebsiella pneumoniae.","PeriodicalId":8517,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90618842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.35841/2249-622X.67.19-215
A. Ehigie, M. Abdulrasak, F. Ojeniyi, Ehigie Ol
African locust bean (Parkia biglobosa) is a legume which can be processed into condiment. Rhodanese is a sulphurtransferase enzyme. It catalyses the degradation of cyanide to a less toxic metabolite, thiocyanate. Rhodanese purication and biochemical characterization were carried out in this study. The activity of this enzyme from Parkia biglobosa was evaluated and the kinetics of the rhodanese enzyme reaction, including pH and temperature profiles, substrate specificity and effects of metal ions were assessed. Studies on the rhodanese enzyme from other systems have been compared with the results of this study. Rhodanese was isolated from Parkia biglobosa and purified using ammonium sulphate precipitation, CM-Sephadex, and Reactive Blue 2-agarose column chromatography. The purified enzyme has a specific activity of 3.69 RU/mg with a percent yield of 0.20. Km and Vmax values of 7.61 mM and 0.65 RU/ml/min were obtained respectively when KCN was used as a substrate while values of 11.59 mM and 0.57 RU/ml/min was obtained with Na2S2O3. The enzyme showed preference for sodium thiosulphate (Na2S2O3) among different substrates tested namely Mercapto-ethanol (HOCH2CH2SH), Ammonium per sulphate (NH4)2S2O8), Ammonium sulphate (NH4)2SO4), Sodium sulphate (Na2SO4), Sodium metabisulphite (Na2SO5). Optimum temperature and pH of 50?C and 8 were obtained respectively. Chloride salts tested showed little or no inhibitory effect at 1 mM concentration with the exception of HgCl2 and MnCl2. However at 10 mM concentration, the divalent metals; MnCl2 HgCl2, CaCl2, BaCl2 inhibited the enzyme. The present study showed that locust bean seeds possess a cyanide detoxifying enzyme with suitable kinetic properties which renders it safe for consumption.
{"title":"Kinetic properties of Rhodanese from African locust bean seeds (Parkia biglobosa)","authors":"A. Ehigie, M. Abdulrasak, F. Ojeniyi, Ehigie Ol","doi":"10.35841/2249-622X.67.19-215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35841/2249-622X.67.19-215","url":null,"abstract":"African locust bean (Parkia biglobosa) is a legume which can be processed into condiment. Rhodanese is a sulphurtransferase enzyme. It catalyses the degradation of cyanide to a less toxic metabolite, thiocyanate. Rhodanese purication and biochemical characterization were carried out in this study. The activity of this enzyme from Parkia biglobosa was evaluated and the kinetics of the rhodanese enzyme reaction, including pH and temperature profiles, substrate specificity and effects of metal ions were assessed. Studies on the rhodanese enzyme from other systems have been compared with the results of this study. Rhodanese was isolated from Parkia biglobosa and purified using ammonium sulphate precipitation, CM-Sephadex, and Reactive Blue 2-agarose column chromatography. The purified enzyme has a specific activity of 3.69 RU/mg with a percent yield of 0.20. Km and Vmax values of 7.61 mM and 0.65 RU/ml/min were obtained respectively when KCN was used as a substrate while values of 11.59 mM and 0.57 RU/ml/min was obtained with Na2S2O3. The enzyme showed preference for sodium thiosulphate (Na2S2O3) among different substrates tested namely Mercapto-ethanol (HOCH2CH2SH), Ammonium per sulphate (NH4)2S2O8), Ammonium sulphate (NH4)2SO4), Sodium sulphate (Na2SO4), Sodium metabisulphite (Na2SO5). Optimum temperature and pH of 50?C and 8 were obtained respectively. Chloride salts tested showed little or no inhibitory effect at 1 mM concentration with the exception of HgCl2 and MnCl2. However at 10 mM concentration, the divalent metals; MnCl2 HgCl2, CaCl2, BaCl2 inhibited the enzyme. The present study showed that locust bean seeds possess a cyanide detoxifying enzyme with suitable kinetic properties which renders it safe for consumption.","PeriodicalId":8517,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"31 6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83603245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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