Pub Date : 2016-08-03DOI: 10.15272/AJBPS.V6I53.797
S. Roy
Postoperative wound infection is a severe problem in the surgical specialties, which can cause mortality, morbidity and economic burden. In most post-operative SSIs the causative pathogens originate from endogenous flora of the patient’s skin, mucous membranes or hollow viscera. Objectives of the present study were to study the frequency of various types of bacteria. The study was carried out in general ward of the North Indian hospitals. The samples from the 50 post-operative patients were evaluated for the study. Samples were taken from the patients during the period of surgical wound dressing before the wound was cleaned with antiseptic solution. The swab was inoculated onto plates of MacConkey agar and 5% Sheep blood agar by rolling the swab over the agar and streaked. These plates were incubated at 37° C for 24- 48hours. The present microbiological study has determined the commonest bacteria responsible for the post-operative wound infectons. There was predominance of commonly isolated bacterial species were S. aureus, P. aeruginosa and E. coli.
{"title":"Bacteriological Profile of Post-Operative Wound Infection","authors":"S. Roy","doi":"10.15272/AJBPS.V6I53.797","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15272/AJBPS.V6I53.797","url":null,"abstract":"Postoperative wound infection is a severe problem in the surgical specialties, which can cause mortality, morbidity and economic burden. In most post-operative SSIs the causative pathogens originate from endogenous flora of the patient’s skin, mucous membranes or hollow viscera. Objectives of the present study were to study the frequency of various types of bacteria. The study was carried out in general ward of the North Indian hospitals. The samples from the 50 post-operative patients were evaluated for the study. Samples were taken from the patients during the period of surgical wound dressing before the wound was cleaned with antiseptic solution. The swab was inoculated onto plates of MacConkey agar and 5% Sheep blood agar by rolling the swab over the agar and streaked. These plates were incubated at 37° C for 24- 48hours. The present microbiological study has determined the commonest bacteria responsible for the post-operative wound infectons. There was predominance of commonly isolated bacterial species were S. aureus, P. aeruginosa and E. coli.","PeriodicalId":8517,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"44-46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85868375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-07-27DOI: 10.15272/AJBPS.V6I58.834
S. Manna
At particular doses of gamma radiation from Co60 source suppresses the intracellular parasitism, a fact which raises the question of whether the phenomenon may find practical applications in the outcome of infectious diseases. In this study, stationary phase of promastigotes exposed to radiation doses in the range 10-20 krad (standard dose) resulted in significant parasitization of mononuclear phagocytic system in vitro. However, promastigotes irradiated with 20krad consistently resulted in higher parasitization and optimum infection after acquiring the shape of amastigote- like organism than those exposed to either higher or lower radiation doses. It was observed that 10 krad was necessary to immobilize immediately the organisms, whereas only 30 krad rendered them noninfective and 40-50 krad made promastigotes unable to recognize the binding ligand for attachment to macrophage cell. In comparison to the irradiated parasite, the rate of phagocytosis of 20 krad irradiated cells, were higher while considering the percentage of infected macrophages, the mean number of engulfed parasites by each macrophage cells and the statistics of the two. The rate of infected cells was approximately 8% greater in 20 krad irradiated cells than nonirradiated cells.
{"title":"Alteration In in -Vitro Infectivity of Leishmania donovani ExposedTo Gamma Radiation","authors":"S. Manna","doi":"10.15272/AJBPS.V6I58.834","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15272/AJBPS.V6I58.834","url":null,"abstract":"At particular doses of gamma radiation from Co60 source suppresses the intracellular parasitism, a fact which raises the question of whether the phenomenon may find practical applications in the outcome of infectious diseases. In this study, stationary phase of promastigotes exposed to radiation doses in the range 10-20 krad (standard dose) resulted in significant parasitization of mononuclear phagocytic system in vitro. However, promastigotes irradiated with 20krad consistently resulted in higher parasitization and optimum infection after acquiring the shape of amastigote- like organism than those exposed to either higher or lower radiation doses. It was observed that 10 krad was necessary to immobilize immediately the organisms, whereas only 30 krad rendered them noninfective and 40-50 krad made promastigotes unable to recognize the binding ligand for attachment to macrophage cell. In comparison to the irradiated parasite, the rate of phagocytosis of 20 krad irradiated cells, were higher while considering the percentage of infected macrophages, the mean number of engulfed parasites by each macrophage cells and the statistics of the two. The rate of infected cells was approximately 8% greater in 20 krad irradiated cells than nonirradiated cells.","PeriodicalId":8517,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"1090 1","pages":"27-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76708328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-06-28DOI: 10.15272/ajbps.v6i57.836
Kate Ba, Phulzalke Sb, Deshmukh Mt
The present study is probably the earliest attempt to enhance Solubility of Zaltoprofen by using mixed hydrotropy and mixed solvency approaches. Zaltoprofen is selected as model drug because it is practically insoluble in water hence there is need to increase the solubility for better absorption and improved therapeutic efficacy. In the preformulation study physical compatibility of the drug-excipient was screened and compatibility was observed between Zaltoprofen and selected solubilizers. In the drug solubilizers interference study no interference was observed in UV spectrophometric analysis of Zaltoprofen in presence of employed solubilizers. Aqueous solubility of Zaltoprofen was found 0.028 mg/ml. The solubilizers sodium acetate, sodium benzoate and sodium salicylate, ethanol, PEG 600, piperazine anhydrous, were selected for solubilization studies on the basis of solubility enhancement ratio. The solubility enhancement ratio in sodium citrate, citric acid, urea, PEG 6000, PEG 4000, PEG 200, PEG 400, propylene glycol and glycerin were found to be less as compare to selected solubilizers. The solubility determination of drug in hydrotropic solutions was carried out at room temperature and solubilizing power of different hydrotropes could be ranked as: Piperazine anhydrous > sodium salicylate > sodium benzoate > sodium acetate > PEG 600. From the equilibrium solubility curves of Zaltoprofen in solubilisers it was concluded that increase in the solubility was nonlinear function with respect to the hydrotrope concentration. Keywords: Mixed hydrotropy, Zaltoprofen, solubility, selective COX2 inhibitor
{"title":"Solubility Enhancement of Poorly Water Soluble Drug Zaltoprofen by Mixed Hydrotropy Approach","authors":"Kate Ba, Phulzalke Sb, Deshmukh Mt","doi":"10.15272/ajbps.v6i57.836","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15272/ajbps.v6i57.836","url":null,"abstract":"The present study is probably the earliest attempt to enhance Solubility of Zaltoprofen by using mixed hydrotropy and mixed solvency approaches. Zaltoprofen is selected as model drug because it is practically insoluble in water hence there is need to increase the solubility for better absorption and improved therapeutic efficacy. In the preformulation study physical compatibility of the drug-excipient was screened and compatibility was observed between Zaltoprofen and selected solubilizers. In the drug solubilizers interference study no interference was observed in UV spectrophometric analysis of Zaltoprofen in presence of employed solubilizers. Aqueous solubility of Zaltoprofen was found 0.028 mg/ml. The solubilizers sodium acetate, sodium benzoate and sodium salicylate, ethanol, PEG 600, piperazine anhydrous, were selected for solubilization studies on the basis of solubility enhancement ratio. The solubility enhancement ratio in sodium citrate, citric acid, urea, PEG 6000, PEG 4000, PEG 200, PEG 400, propylene glycol and glycerin were found to be less as compare to selected solubilizers. The solubility determination of drug in hydrotropic solutions was carried out at room temperature and solubilizing power of different hydrotropes could be ranked as: Piperazine anhydrous > sodium salicylate > sodium benzoate > sodium acetate > PEG 600. From the equilibrium solubility curves of Zaltoprofen in solubilisers it was concluded that increase in the solubility was nonlinear function with respect to the hydrotrope concentration. Keywords: Mixed hydrotropy, Zaltoprofen, solubility, selective COX2 inhibitor","PeriodicalId":8517,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"27 1","pages":"32-39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84483295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-06-28DOI: 10.15272/AJBPS.V6I57.822
V. Sharma
Diabetes mellitus is probably the single most important metabolic disease and is widely recognized as one of the leading causes of death and disability. Up to a third of people with diabetes mellitus suffer end-stage renal failure due to diabetic nephropathy. Diabetic nephropathy strategies to delay progression of diabetic nephropathy- including glycemic and blood pressure control, modification of the rennin-angiotensin system and management of lipid levels with statins-have been effective, but development of new strategies is essential if the ever-increasing burden of this disease is to be minimized. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR) are members of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily of ligand- activated transcription factors. PPAR-γ is the key regulator of lipid metabolism and energy balance implicated in the development of insulin resistance. The identification of putative natural and synthetic ligands and activators of PPAR-γ has helped to unravel the molecular basis of its function, including molecular details regarding ligand binding, conformational changes of the receptor and cofactor binding leading to the emergence of the concept of selective PPAR-γ modulators .No satisfactory therapeutic option is currently available to treat patients with nephropathy except for fewer agents like angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin AT1 receptor blockers and few antioxidants, which have been shown to improve the function of diabetic kidney to some extent. Thus, tremendous efforts are being made to explore promising therapeutic interventions to treat diabetic nephropathy. This review discussed various presently employed and recently developed pharmacological interventions to treat diabetic nephropathy and to improve the function of diabetic kidney. In addition, the recently identified potential target sites involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy have been delineated.
{"title":"Are partial PPAR gamma agonists a rational therapeutic strategy for preventing abnormalities of the diabetic kidney","authors":"V. Sharma","doi":"10.15272/AJBPS.V6I57.822","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15272/AJBPS.V6I57.822","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetes mellitus is probably the single most important metabolic disease and is widely recognized as one of the leading causes of death and disability. Up to a third of people with diabetes mellitus suffer end-stage renal failure due to diabetic nephropathy. Diabetic nephropathy strategies to delay progression of diabetic nephropathy- including glycemic and blood pressure control, modification of the rennin-angiotensin system and management of lipid levels with statins-have been effective, but development of new strategies is essential if the ever-increasing burden of this disease is to be minimized. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR) are members of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily of ligand- activated transcription factors. PPAR-γ is the key regulator of lipid metabolism and energy balance implicated in the development of insulin resistance. The identification of putative natural and synthetic ligands and activators of PPAR-γ has helped to unravel the molecular basis of its function, including molecular details regarding ligand binding, conformational changes of the receptor and cofactor binding leading to the emergence of the concept of selective PPAR-γ modulators .No satisfactory therapeutic option is currently available to treat patients with nephropathy except for fewer agents like angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin AT1 receptor blockers and few antioxidants, which have been shown to improve the function of diabetic kidney to some extent. Thus, tremendous efforts are being made to explore promising therapeutic interventions to treat diabetic nephropathy. This review discussed various presently employed and recently developed pharmacological interventions to treat diabetic nephropathy and to improve the function of diabetic kidney. In addition, the recently identified potential target sites involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy have been delineated.","PeriodicalId":8517,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"26 1","pages":"01-03"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84144545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-06-28DOI: 10.15272/AJBPS.V6I57.824
Valli Kumari Rv, Venkateswar Rp
A rapid and sensitive HTLC-ESI-MS/MS method was developed for the determination of Linezolid in human plasma using an internal standard (cetirizine hydrochloride) with an advanced online sample preparation. This HTLC technique reduces the time required for sample cleanup since sample extraction and analysis are performed. A 10μl of prepared sample is directly injected into the HTLC-MS/MS system where analyte was retained on the extraction column (Cyclone P 50 × 0.5mm, 50μm) and washed away the waste with the help of extraction solvent. Then the analyte was eluted from the extraction column and transferred to the analytical column (Zorbex XDB C18 50 × 2.1mm, 5μm) using mobile phase of the mixture of 0.5% formic acid, 10mM ammonium formate and acetonitrile. The eluted analyte was then detected on mass spectrometer with ESI ion source and a positive selective reaction monitoring mode (SRM). The SRM transitions were m/z 383.20 → 337.20 for Linezolid and m/z 389.10 → 201.01 for internal standard. The developed method was validated as per USFDA guidelines. The method was linear over the concentration range of 0.409 – 20.310 ng/ml. The within batch and between batch accuracy for the three concentrations (LQC, MQC and HQC) were ranged from 98 -110.6% and 98 .6 – 108.3% respectively. The % RSD for all the QC samples was ranged from 3.0 – 8.1%. The percentage recovery of linezolid in HQC (16ng/ml), MQC (13ng/ml) and LQC (1,1ng/ml) was 60.3, 73 and 86.45% respectively. Stability studies were also performed and the results were within the acceptance range. This method was applied to the measurement of linezolid in human plasma and pharmacokinetic study.
{"title":"Determination of Linezolid in Human Plasma Using Turbulent Flow Online Extractionand Tandem Mass Spectrometry","authors":"Valli Kumari Rv, Venkateswar Rp","doi":"10.15272/AJBPS.V6I57.824","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15272/AJBPS.V6I57.824","url":null,"abstract":"A rapid and sensitive HTLC-ESI-MS/MS method was developed for the determination of Linezolid in human plasma using an internal standard (cetirizine hydrochloride) with an advanced online sample preparation. This HTLC technique reduces the time required for sample cleanup since sample extraction and analysis are performed. A 10μl of prepared sample is directly injected into the HTLC-MS/MS system where analyte was retained on the extraction column (Cyclone P 50 × 0.5mm, 50μm) and washed away the waste with the help of extraction solvent. Then the analyte was eluted from the extraction column and transferred to the analytical column (Zorbex XDB C18 50 × 2.1mm, 5μm) using mobile phase of the mixture of 0.5% formic acid, 10mM ammonium formate and acetonitrile. The eluted analyte was then detected on mass spectrometer with ESI ion source and a positive selective reaction monitoring mode (SRM). The SRM transitions were m/z 383.20 → 337.20 for Linezolid and m/z 389.10 → 201.01 for internal standard. The developed method was validated as per USFDA guidelines. The method was linear over the concentration range of 0.409 – 20.310 ng/ml. The within batch and between batch accuracy for the three concentrations (LQC, MQC and HQC) were ranged from 98 -110.6% and 98 .6 – 108.3% respectively. The % RSD for all the QC samples was ranged from 3.0 – 8.1%. The percentage recovery of linezolid in HQC (16ng/ml), MQC (13ng/ml) and LQC (1,1ng/ml) was 60.3, 73 and 86.45% respectively. Stability studies were also performed and the results were within the acceptance range. This method was applied to the measurement of linezolid in human plasma and pharmacokinetic study.","PeriodicalId":8517,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"66 3 1","pages":"09-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77435746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-06-28DOI: 10.15272/AJBPS.V6I57.829
A. Vafaei, E. Najafpour, M. Derafshi, Zar
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS) and preschoolers’ fear and behavior during dental treatment. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 385 children aged 3 to 6 attending the pediatric dentistry department of Tabriz Faculty of Dentistry in their first dental appointment. Oral health related quality of life was measured with ECOHIS questionnaire and dental fear using Children’s Fear Survey Schedule (CFSS-DS) questionnaire. Frankle’s behavioral scale was also used for the evaluation of behavioral status. Data were analyzed by SPSS version13.0. ECOHIS score was correlated with CFSS-DS score (P<0.01) and Frakle’s behavioral scale. There was an association between ECOHIS and CFSS-DS score (B =0.198), and ECOHIS and behavioral status (B=-0.193). According to the results, the poorest oral health related quality of life was associated with high levels of dental anxiety and behavioral disorders. According to the results, there was an association between early childhood oral health related quality of life and the level of dental fear and behavioral status.
{"title":"Relationship between Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale and Preschools?Fear and Behavior during Dental Treatment","authors":"A. Vafaei, E. Najafpour, M. Derafshi, Zar","doi":"10.15272/AJBPS.V6I57.829","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15272/AJBPS.V6I57.829","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to investigate the relationship between Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS) and preschoolers’ fear and behavior during dental treatment. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 385 children aged 3 to 6 attending the pediatric dentistry department of Tabriz Faculty of Dentistry in their first dental appointment. Oral health related quality of life was measured with ECOHIS questionnaire and dental fear using Children’s Fear Survey Schedule (CFSS-DS) questionnaire. Frankle’s behavioral scale was also used for the evaluation of behavioral status. Data were analyzed by SPSS version13.0. ECOHIS score was correlated with CFSS-DS score (P<0.01) and Frakle’s behavioral scale. There was an association between ECOHIS and CFSS-DS score (B =0.198), and ECOHIS and behavioral status (B=-0.193). According to the results, the poorest oral health related quality of life was associated with high levels of dental anxiety and behavioral disorders. According to the results, there was an association between early childhood oral health related quality of life and the level of dental fear and behavioral status.","PeriodicalId":8517,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"17-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79931284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-06-28DOI: 10.15272/AJBPS.V6I57.835
M. Bagade, Shete Rv, S. B. Phulzalke, B. Kate
The objective of present study was to formulate directly compressible orodispersible tablets of quetiapine fumarate by sublimation method with a view to enhance patient compliance. A full 32 factorial design was used to investigate the effect of two variables viz., concentration of Indion 414 and camphor. Indion 414 (3-5 % w/w) was used as superdisintegrant and camphor (5-15 % w/w) as subliming agent. The tablets were evaluated for thickness, weight variation, hardness, friability, content uniformity, wetting time, porosity, in vitro disintegration time and in vitro drug release. In vitro dissolution profile revealed faster and maximum drug from formulation F3. SEM study show formation of pores on tablet surface after sublimation of the sublimating agent, thus providing a sufficiently porous structure. This permitted the selection of a batch of tablets with desired disintegration time and improved dissolution rate after oral administration. The F3 batch containing the Indion 414 (5%) and Camphor (5%) w/w of total formulation weight had shown good the disintegration time of 18.66 seconds and with improved dissolution rate and desirable friability. Further studies will be required to evaluate the performance of dosage form in vivo and In Vitro In vivo Correlation. Keywords : Orodispersible tablet, factorial design, Indion 414, sublimation, quetiapine fumarate
{"title":"Formulation Development and Evaluation of Orodispersible Tablets of Quetiapine Fumarate by Sublimation Method","authors":"M. Bagade, Shete Rv, S. B. Phulzalke, B. Kate","doi":"10.15272/AJBPS.V6I57.835","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15272/AJBPS.V6I57.835","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of present study was to formulate directly compressible orodispersible tablets of quetiapine fumarate by sublimation method with a view to enhance patient compliance. A full 32 factorial design was used to investigate the effect of two variables viz., concentration of Indion 414 and camphor. Indion 414 (3-5 % w/w) was used as superdisintegrant and camphor (5-15 % w/w) as subliming agent. The tablets were evaluated for thickness, weight variation, hardness, friability, content uniformity, wetting time, porosity, in vitro disintegration time and in vitro drug release. In vitro dissolution profile revealed faster and maximum drug from formulation F3. SEM study show formation of pores on tablet surface after sublimation of the sublimating agent, thus providing a sufficiently porous structure. This permitted the selection of a batch of tablets with desired disintegration time and improved dissolution rate after oral administration. The F3 batch containing the Indion 414 (5%) and Camphor (5%) w/w of total formulation weight had shown good the disintegration time of 18.66 seconds and with improved dissolution rate and desirable friability. Further studies will be required to evaluate the performance of dosage form in vivo and In Vitro In vivo Correlation. Keywords : Orodispersible tablet, factorial design, Indion 414, sublimation, quetiapine fumarate","PeriodicalId":8517,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"96 1","pages":"22-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76863101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-06-28DOI: 10.15272/ajbps.v6i57.819
Patrice Bilé Aka Miezan, T. Okpekon, F. Yapi, N. Bony, G. Gbassi, J. Assi
Erythrococca anomala (Juss. ex. Poir) Pain (Euphorbiaceae) is a medicinal plant widely used in sub-saharan Africa. It is popular against certain diseases such as malaria, arthritis, rheumatism and toothache. However, there are no data on its phytochemical and biological profile, hence the importance of this study is to search for chemical groups of this plant and to determine the toxicological parameters that justify its use in the traditional medicine. Standard characterization methods and thin layer chromatography (TLC) were used for the phytochemical screening. The acute toxicity study of Erythrococca anomala was performed according to the guideline OECD 423 using Wistar rats. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of polyphenols, alkaloids, catechol tannins, saponins, leucoanthocyanins, flavonoids, polyterpenes and sterols which could justify the biological and pharmacological properties of this herb. The acute toxicity study of the extracts, administered intraperitoneally in Wistar rats, was used to determine the 50% lethal dose (LD 50 ) value to be 741.31 mg/kg of body weight (BW), 100% lethal dose (DL 100 ) corresponding to 2000 mg/kg BW and maximum tolerated dose (MTD) to 700 mg/kg BW. These toxicological data allow us to qualify Erythrococca anomala at very low toxic hence its importance in the traditional use against malaria and multifaceted pain.
{"title":"Chemical component and acute toxicity study of Erythrococca anomala (Euphorbiaceae)","authors":"Patrice Bilé Aka Miezan, T. Okpekon, F. Yapi, N. Bony, G. Gbassi, J. Assi","doi":"10.15272/ajbps.v6i57.819","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15272/ajbps.v6i57.819","url":null,"abstract":"Erythrococca anomala (Juss. ex. Poir) Pain (Euphorbiaceae) is a medicinal plant widely used in sub-saharan Africa. It is popular against certain diseases such as malaria, arthritis, rheumatism and toothache. However, there are no data on its phytochemical and biological profile, hence the importance of this study is to search for chemical groups of this plant and to determine the toxicological parameters that justify its use in the traditional medicine. Standard characterization methods and thin layer chromatography (TLC) were used for the phytochemical screening. The acute toxicity study of Erythrococca anomala was performed according to the guideline OECD 423 using Wistar rats. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of polyphenols, alkaloids, catechol tannins, saponins, leucoanthocyanins, flavonoids, polyterpenes and sterols which could justify the biological and pharmacological properties of this herb. The acute toxicity study of the extracts, administered intraperitoneally in Wistar rats, was used to determine the 50% lethal dose (LD 50 ) value to be 741.31 mg/kg of body weight (BW), 100% lethal dose (DL 100 ) corresponding to 2000 mg/kg BW and maximum tolerated dose (MTD) to 700 mg/kg BW. These toxicological data allow us to qualify Erythrococca anomala at very low toxic hence its importance in the traditional use against malaria and multifaceted pain.","PeriodicalId":8517,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"66 1","pages":"04-08"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91093934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-05-31DOI: 10.15272/AJBPS.V6I56.805
U. Kanerkar, P. Bhogaonkar, N. Indurwade
Amaranthus viridis L. is a commonly growing herb, mainly used as leafy vegetable. The vegetable is a medicinal food used in urinary problems. Roots are known for its antifertility activity in Ayurveda. The term antifertility many times is used loosely in ethnic literature denoting abortifacient, antiimplantation and antiovulatory activity. Aqueous root extract was administered orally at the dose of 50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg and 150 mg/kg body weight respectively for 5 days from 11-15 days of pregnancy to female albino rats. The results show that the antifertility effect is expressed as abortifacient activity which is dose dependent increasing with higher dose.
{"title":"Abortifacient Effect of Amaranthus viridis L. Aqueous Root Extract on Albino Rats","authors":"U. Kanerkar, P. Bhogaonkar, N. Indurwade","doi":"10.15272/AJBPS.V6I56.805","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15272/AJBPS.V6I56.805","url":null,"abstract":"Amaranthus viridis L. is a commonly growing herb, mainly used as leafy vegetable. The vegetable is a medicinal food used in urinary problems. Roots are known for its antifertility activity in Ayurveda. The term antifertility many times is used loosely in ethnic literature denoting abortifacient, antiimplantation and antiovulatory activity. Aqueous root extract was administered orally at the dose of 50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg and 150 mg/kg body weight respectively for 5 days from 11-15 days of pregnancy to female albino rats. The results show that the antifertility effect is expressed as abortifacient activity which is dose dependent increasing with higher dose.","PeriodicalId":8517,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"40 1","pages":"13-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74468424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-05-31DOI: 10.15272/AJBPS.V6I56.808
S. Bhutia, K. Bhutia, T. A. Singh
The thyroid dysfunction is one of the most common endocrine disorders. Sikkim lies in the severely iodine deficient zone. This was a hospital based cross-sectional study. The serum samples were used to check the levels of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). Out of 674 patients with suspected thyroid dysfunction, 83% were Euthyroid followed by 10 % of patients having subclinical hypothyroidism. The incidence subclinical hyperthyroidism (1%) were lowest. Females were found to be maximum with thyroid disorders. The datas were represented as percentage and mean ± SD. Thyroid hormones were compared among the different thyroid disorder by One way analysis of variance (ANOVA). High incidence of thyroid dysfunction in females with subclinical hypothyroidism indicates that it still exists as a public health problem in Sikkim regardless of the implementation of iodized salt program since the last decade.
甲状腺功能障碍是最常见的内分泌疾病之一。锡金位于严重缺碘地区。这是一项基于医院的横断面研究。采用血清检测促甲状腺激素(TSH)、三碘甲状腺原氨酸(T3)、甲状腺素(T4)水平。在674名疑似甲状腺功能障碍的患者中，83%为甲状腺功能正常，其次是10%的亚临床甲状腺功能减退患者。亚临床甲状腺功能亢进发生率最低(1%)。女性以甲状腺疾病最多。数据以百分比和平均值±SD表示。采用单因素方差分析(One - way analysis of variance, ANOVA)比较不同甲状腺疾病患者的甲状腺激素水平。亚临床甲状腺功能减退症女性甲状腺功能障碍的高发表明，尽管近十年来实施了碘盐计划，但它仍然是锡金的一个公共卫生问题。
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