Pub Date : 2023-03-21DOI: 10.52711/2231-5659.2023.00013
Gitanjalee C. Shimpi, Pushparaj R. Patil
Rosinidin is an O-methylated anthocyanidin derived from Cyanidin. It is a pigment found in the flowers of Catharanthus roseus and, in lower concentration, in Primula rosea. The molecular docking studies predicted that rosinidin has adequate structural competency, making it a viable medicinal candidate for the treatment of a wide range of disorders. The current study intends to assess rosinidin nephroprotective efficacy against nephrotoxicity induced by cisplatin in rats. nephrptoxicity is most serious side effect. This toxicity caused by free radicals. This free radicals damage Renal Tubule which is overcome by Rosinidin. Materials and Methods: Oral acute toxicity tests of rosinidin were conducted to assess potential toxicity in animals, and it was shown to be safe. The nephroprotective effect of rosinidin 10, and 20 mg/kg were tested in rats for 25 days with concurrent administration of cisplatin. Several biochemical parameters were measured to support enzymatic and non-enzymatic oxidative stress such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH). Likewise, changes in several non-protein-nitrogenous components and blood chemistry parameters were made to support the theory linked with the pathogenesis of chemical-induced nephrotoxicity. Results: Cisplatin caused significant changes in biochemical, enzymatic, and blood chemistry, which rosinidin efficiently controlled. Conclusions: The present investigation linked rosinidin with nephroprotective efficacy in experimental models.
{"title":"Protective effect of Rosinidin on Cisplatin-Induced Nephrotoxicity","authors":"Gitanjalee C. Shimpi, Pushparaj R. Patil","doi":"10.52711/2231-5659.2023.00013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/2231-5659.2023.00013","url":null,"abstract":"Rosinidin is an O-methylated anthocyanidin derived from Cyanidin. It is a pigment found in the flowers of Catharanthus roseus and, in lower concentration, in Primula rosea. The molecular docking studies predicted that rosinidin has adequate structural competency, making it a viable medicinal candidate for the treatment of a wide range of disorders. The current study intends to assess rosinidin nephroprotective efficacy against nephrotoxicity induced by cisplatin in rats. nephrptoxicity is most serious side effect. This toxicity caused by free radicals. This free radicals damage Renal Tubule which is overcome by Rosinidin. Materials and Methods: Oral acute toxicity tests of rosinidin were conducted to assess potential toxicity in animals, and it was shown to be safe. The nephroprotective effect of rosinidin 10, and 20 mg/kg were tested in rats for 25 days with concurrent administration of cisplatin. Several biochemical parameters were measured to support enzymatic and non-enzymatic oxidative stress such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH). Likewise, changes in several non-protein-nitrogenous components and blood chemistry parameters were made to support the theory linked with the pathogenesis of chemical-induced nephrotoxicity. Results: Cisplatin caused significant changes in biochemical, enzymatic, and blood chemistry, which rosinidin efficiently controlled. Conclusions: The present investigation linked rosinidin with nephroprotective efficacy in experimental models.","PeriodicalId":8531,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"344 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77319481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-21DOI: 10.52711/2231-5659.2023.00007
R. Haider
Medicine are a core part of health-care services and their use has grown enormously during the last century with the advent of effective Antibiotics, Anesthetics, Analgesics, Anti-retroviral and many other medicines, they can cure diseases, relieve symptoms and prevent future ill health. Appropriate medicine use means providing the right medicine at the right dose, when it is needed and avoiding medicine that are unnecessary or are unlikely to result in health benefits it means choosing the treatment with the best effectiveness and safety profile among available alternatives and the least costly of equivalent treatments. The international pharmaceutical industry plays an important role in the development, production and distribution of medicines. In many countries it has also become the major funder of continuing medical education (CME) and research. However, a tension exists between pressure to expand products sales within a competitive market and patient care. The World Health Organization (WHO) describe" an inherent conflict of interest between the legitimate business goals of manufacturers and the social, medical and economic needs of providers and the public to select and use drugs in the most rational way"( WHO Europe 1993)1 The Global Medicine Market: In 2007, global pharmaceutical sales amounted to US $ 712 billion (IMS 2008)2 The top product in term of sales, was the cholesterol lowering medicine, Lipitor (Atorvastatin), which had sales of US $ 13.6 billion (scrip.2007)3. This is more than the gross national income of over half of the world’s countries (World Bank, 2008)4. The effects of promotion in fueling sales of specific brands should not be underestimated e.g. sales of Lipitor (Atorvastatin) were higher than sales of simvastatin and Provaststin, two medicine in the same class that have similar effectiveness and are less costly (Preserire, 2006) 5. Newer Medicine are not necessarily better: To get a new medicine to market, a company must provide evidence of effectiveness, safety and manufacturing quality. Effectiveness and safety evidence includes laboratory animal and clinical studies. The largest are phase III randomized controlled trials in patient with the disease the medicine aims to treat. Most of these studies compare a new medicine to a placebo. Many people are unaware that manufacturers do not need to show that a new medicine is better than existing compound with placebo and be acceptably safe. To test the medicine 's efficacy, the manufacturers carried out the randomized, controlled trials involving patients with the condition to be treated by the new medicine. These are usually relatively short-term studies and many last a few weeks to a few months, even when the treatment for a chronic disease. For some serious disease for which placebo treatment would be unethical, a new medicine is compared with existing treatments. However, these studies aim to show that a new medicine is as effective as alternatives, or no less effec
{"title":"Promotional Tools in Pharmaceutical Marketing","authors":"R. Haider","doi":"10.52711/2231-5659.2023.00007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/2231-5659.2023.00007","url":null,"abstract":"Medicine are a core part of health-care services and their use has grown enormously during the last century with the advent of effective Antibiotics, Anesthetics, Analgesics, Anti-retroviral and many other medicines, they can cure diseases, relieve symptoms and prevent future ill health. Appropriate medicine use means providing the right medicine at the right dose, when it is needed and avoiding medicine that are unnecessary or are unlikely to result in health benefits it means choosing the treatment with the best effectiveness and safety profile among available alternatives and the least costly of equivalent treatments. The international pharmaceutical industry plays an important role in the development, production and distribution of medicines. In many countries it has also become the major funder of continuing medical education (CME) and research. However, a tension exists between pressure to expand products sales within a competitive market and patient care. The World Health Organization (WHO) describe\" an inherent conflict of interest between the legitimate business goals of manufacturers and the social, medical and economic needs of providers and the public to select and use drugs in the most rational way\"( WHO Europe 1993)1 The Global Medicine Market: In 2007, global pharmaceutical sales amounted to US $ 712 billion (IMS 2008)2 The top product in term of sales, was the cholesterol lowering medicine, Lipitor (Atorvastatin), which had sales of US $ 13.6 billion (scrip.2007)3. This is more than the gross national income of over half of the world’s countries (World Bank, 2008)4. The effects of promotion in fueling sales of specific brands should not be underestimated e.g. sales of Lipitor (Atorvastatin) were higher than sales of simvastatin and Provaststin, two medicine in the same class that have similar effectiveness and are less costly (Preserire, 2006) 5. Newer Medicine are not necessarily better: To get a new medicine to market, a company must provide evidence of effectiveness, safety and manufacturing quality. Effectiveness and safety evidence includes laboratory animal and clinical studies. The largest are phase III randomized controlled trials in patient with the disease the medicine aims to treat. Most of these studies compare a new medicine to a placebo. Many people are unaware that manufacturers do not need to show that a new medicine is better than existing compound with placebo and be acceptably safe. To test the medicine 's efficacy, the manufacturers carried out the randomized, controlled trials involving patients with the condition to be treated by the new medicine. These are usually relatively short-term studies and many last a few weeks to a few months, even when the treatment for a chronic disease. For some serious disease for which placebo treatment would be unethical, a new medicine is compared with existing treatments. However, these studies aim to show that a new medicine is as effective as alternatives, or no less effec","PeriodicalId":8531,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"73 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89815814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-21DOI: 10.52711/2231-5659.2023.00009
Harshal D. Patil, Chandrabhan B Patil, Vikas V. Patil, Pankaj S. Patil
Quality by Design (QbD) has as a new concept for the development of high-quality pharmaceutical products. It is an essential component of the modern approach to pharmaceutical quality. QbD is the best way to build quality into all pharmaceutical products, but it poses a significant challenge to the pharmaceutical industry, whose processes are time-bound, despite inherent process and material variability. Throughout the design and development of a product, it is critical to define the desired product performance profile [Target Product Profile (TPP), Target Product Quality Profile (TPQP)] and identify critical quality attributed to the product (CQA). Applications of QbD to pharmaceutical processes (formulation development) and analytical development are briefly discussed. A standardized pharmaceutical quality system that is applicable throughout the product's lifecycle and emphasizes an integrated approach to risk management and science should be developed, resulting in better quality medicines for patients.ICH documents such as ICH Q8, i.e. Pharmaceutical development; ICH Q9, i.e. Quality Risk Management; ICH Q10, i.e. Pharmaceutical Quality Systems, and FDA's Process Analytical Technology (PAT) were referred to in order to ensure drug product quality. QbD allows formulation and manufacturing variables to be properly understood and controlled.
{"title":"An Overview on Quality by Design","authors":"Harshal D. Patil, Chandrabhan B Patil, Vikas V. Patil, Pankaj S. Patil","doi":"10.52711/2231-5659.2023.00009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/2231-5659.2023.00009","url":null,"abstract":"Quality by Design (QbD) has as a new concept for the development of high-quality pharmaceutical products. It is an essential component of the modern approach to pharmaceutical quality. QbD is the best way to build quality into all pharmaceutical products, but it poses a significant challenge to the pharmaceutical industry, whose processes are time-bound, despite inherent process and material variability. Throughout the design and development of a product, it is critical to define the desired product performance profile [Target Product Profile (TPP), Target Product Quality Profile (TPQP)] and identify critical quality attributed to the product (CQA). Applications of QbD to pharmaceutical processes (formulation development) and analytical development are briefly discussed. A standardized pharmaceutical quality system that is applicable throughout the product's lifecycle and emphasizes an integrated approach to risk management and science should be developed, resulting in better quality medicines for patients.ICH documents such as ICH Q8, i.e. Pharmaceutical development; ICH Q9, i.e. Quality Risk Management; ICH Q10, i.e. Pharmaceutical Quality Systems, and FDA's Process Analytical Technology (PAT) were referred to in order to ensure drug product quality. QbD allows formulation and manufacturing variables to be properly understood and controlled.","PeriodicalId":8531,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79077994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-21DOI: 10.52711/2231-5659.2023.00001
Patil Sunita, Puri Sumati
Oral thrush is candidal infection of mouth called candidiasis. It is an ubiquitous infectious disease and its incidence has been increasing over the last few years, not only in children but also in immunocompromised patients, thus becoming a public health problem. Lysozyme, a natural component of saliva has been reported for its anticandidal activity thus hyposalivation causes candidasis. The aim of this study is to formulate and investigate the synergistic anticandidal effect of mouth paint containing lysozyme and fruit extract of Coccinia indica against Candida albicans. In combination with C. indica fruit extract, the concentration of lysozyme for inhibiting the growth of the tested Candida species could be reduced by 50%. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of lysozyme and fruit extract of C. indica against Candida species is 160 µg/ml of each. These results support the potential use of lysozyme and C. indica fruit extract as an anticandidal agent in treatment of oral thrush.
{"title":"Control of Oral Thrush causing Candida albicans by Novel Synergistic Formulation","authors":"Patil Sunita, Puri Sumati","doi":"10.52711/2231-5659.2023.00001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/2231-5659.2023.00001","url":null,"abstract":"Oral thrush is candidal infection of mouth called candidiasis. It is an ubiquitous infectious disease and its incidence has been increasing over the last few years, not only in children but also in immunocompromised patients, thus becoming a public health problem. Lysozyme, a natural component of saliva has been reported for its anticandidal activity thus hyposalivation causes candidasis. The aim of this study is to formulate and investigate the synergistic anticandidal effect of mouth paint containing lysozyme and fruit extract of Coccinia indica against Candida albicans. In combination with C. indica fruit extract, the concentration of lysozyme for inhibiting the growth of the tested Candida species could be reduced by 50%. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of lysozyme and fruit extract of C. indica against Candida species is 160 µg/ml of each. These results support the potential use of lysozyme and C. indica fruit extract as an anticandidal agent in treatment of oral thrush.","PeriodicalId":8531,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88580569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-21DOI: 10.52711/2231-5659.2023.00010
R. Khankari, S. M. Umale, A. Patil, T. R. Thanekar
The human monkeypox is an emerging zoonotic orthopoxvirus with a clinical presentation similar to that of smallpox. It is difficult to differentiate monkeypox from other orthopedic infections, and laboratory diagnosis is the primary component of disease identification and monitoring. However, current diagnostics are time-consuming, and new tests are needed for rapid and precise diagnosis. Most cases have been reported in Central Africa; however, an increasing number of cases have been reported in Europe, the United States of America (USA), Australia, and the United Arab Emirates. Although investigation of the current global outbreak is still ongoing, viral transmission seems to have occurred during crowded events in Spain and Belgium. New therapeutics and vaccines are being deployed for the treatment and prevention of monkeypox, and more research on the epidemiology, biology, and ecology of the virus in endemic areas is required to understand and prevent further global outbreaks.
{"title":"A Review on Human Monkeypox Virus","authors":"R. Khankari, S. M. Umale, A. Patil, T. R. Thanekar","doi":"10.52711/2231-5659.2023.00010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/2231-5659.2023.00010","url":null,"abstract":"The human monkeypox is an emerging zoonotic orthopoxvirus with a clinical presentation similar to that of smallpox. It is difficult to differentiate monkeypox from other orthopedic infections, and laboratory diagnosis is the primary component of disease identification and monitoring. However, current diagnostics are time-consuming, and new tests are needed for rapid and precise diagnosis. Most cases have been reported in Central Africa; however, an increasing number of cases have been reported in Europe, the United States of America (USA), Australia, and the United Arab Emirates. Although investigation of the current global outbreak is still ongoing, viral transmission seems to have occurred during crowded events in Spain and Belgium. New therapeutics and vaccines are being deployed for the treatment and prevention of monkeypox, and more research on the epidemiology, biology, and ecology of the virus in endemic areas is required to understand and prevent further global outbreaks.","PeriodicalId":8531,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84436947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-21DOI: 10.52711/2231-5659.2023.00005
Y. Chowdhary, B. Kumar
Scale-up, process validation, and technology transfer are conducted at the late phase of product development. However, the performance of these steps is largely dependent on the product composition and process selected in the early phase of development. The technology chosen at an early developmental stage and employed in manufacturing the bio-batch stays with it during its life. During this early phase, the development scientist must consider the future demand of the product in selecting the process and equipment. In reviewing a manufacturing process, it is important to consider the physico- chemical properties of the drug and excipients along with equipment capabilities and limitations. Involvement of production personnel in the manufacturing of a batch prior to the bio-batch often helps in the develop- ment of a robust process. All equipment should be quali¢ed for installation, operation, and performance prior to the bio-batch. The equipment should be cleaned and tested as per a cleaning validation protocol. The bio-batch should be evaluated for process performance as per a process validation protocol. All operational documents and test results generated from the bio-batch must be reviewed prior to initiating further scale-up and=or technology transfer. A team effort among formulation, validation, production, analytical, and logistic support groups is crucial to the success of scale-up and technology transfer.
{"title":"SUPAC- Post Approval Changes suggested by FDA to Industry","authors":"Y. Chowdhary, B. Kumar","doi":"10.52711/2231-5659.2023.00005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/2231-5659.2023.00005","url":null,"abstract":"Scale-up, process validation, and technology transfer are conducted at the late phase of product development. However, the performance of these steps is largely dependent on the product composition and process selected in the early phase of development. The technology chosen at an early developmental stage and employed in manufacturing the bio-batch stays with it during its life. During this early phase, the development scientist must consider the future demand of the product in selecting the process and equipment. In reviewing a manufacturing process, it is important to consider the physico- chemical properties of the drug and excipients along with equipment capabilities and limitations. Involvement of production personnel in the manufacturing of a batch prior to the bio-batch often helps in the develop- ment of a robust process. All equipment should be quali¢ed for installation, operation, and performance prior to the bio-batch. The equipment should be cleaned and tested as per a cleaning validation protocol. The bio-batch should be evaluated for process performance as per a process validation protocol. All operational documents and test results generated from the bio-batch must be reviewed prior to initiating further scale-up and=or technology transfer. A team effort among formulation, validation, production, analytical, and logistic support groups is crucial to the success of scale-up and technology transfer.","PeriodicalId":8531,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84064377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-22DOI: 10.52711/2231-5659.2022.00055
K. K, S. B.
Urolithiasis is recurrent common urological disorder with high prevalence throughout the worldwide. The prevalence of kidney stones is influenced by no. of factors such as geographic location, lifestyle, race and other factors. Although a number of invasive and non-invasive surgical treatment methods are available, due to the involvement of high cost, side effects like renal tract damage, fertility problems and possibility of recurrence of stones, limited their use. Herbal medicines have been in vogue as alternative treatment option for prevention and treatment of renal stones in different countries due to the benefits like safety, economic and less chances of recurrence. Herbal medicines contain single or many herbs which have complex chemical compounds. Appropriate quality control and standardization methods are required for herbal medicines to ensure their quality, safety and efficacy. Analytical methods such as UV, IR, NMR, and TLC, HPTLC, HPLC and hyphenated techniques such as LC-MS, LC-MS/MS, and LC-NMR have been established as significant role in estimation of phytoconstituents of herbal formulations useful in urolithiasis. Several standardized protocols are reported on authentication of herbs, isolation, characterization and estimation of active phytochemicals. The present review discusses on various herbal medicines used in renal stone treatment such as marketed formulations of Ayurveda, Siddha, Unani and Homeopathy and analytical methods available for the estimation of their active constituents.
{"title":"An Overview on Analytical methods for Bioactive markers used in Urolithiasis","authors":"K. K, S. B.","doi":"10.52711/2231-5659.2022.00055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/2231-5659.2022.00055","url":null,"abstract":"Urolithiasis is recurrent common urological disorder with high prevalence throughout the worldwide. The prevalence of kidney stones is influenced by no. of factors such as geographic location, lifestyle, race and other factors. Although a number of invasive and non-invasive surgical treatment methods are available, due to the involvement of high cost, side effects like renal tract damage, fertility problems and possibility of recurrence of stones, limited their use. Herbal medicines have been in vogue as alternative treatment option for prevention and treatment of renal stones in different countries due to the benefits like safety, economic and less chances of recurrence. Herbal medicines contain single or many herbs which have complex chemical compounds. Appropriate quality control and standardization methods are required for herbal medicines to ensure their quality, safety and efficacy. Analytical methods such as UV, IR, NMR, and TLC, HPTLC, HPLC and hyphenated techniques such as LC-MS, LC-MS/MS, and LC-NMR have been established as significant role in estimation of phytoconstituents of herbal formulations useful in urolithiasis. Several standardized protocols are reported on authentication of herbs, isolation, characterization and estimation of active phytochemicals. The present review discusses on various herbal medicines used in renal stone treatment such as marketed formulations of Ayurveda, Siddha, Unani and Homeopathy and analytical methods available for the estimation of their active constituents.","PeriodicalId":8531,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75093677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-22DOI: 10.52711/2231-5659.2022.00051
Harshada I. Patil, Dhiraj Kamble
Mucormycosis or Zygomycosis is defined as an insidious mycosis by members of the Mucorales and zygomycotic species. Mucormycosis is rare but severe invasive fungal infection. Infection with human corpuscles occurs in superficial form in the outer ear, nails, skin and visceral forms manifest in lung, gastrointestinal, and cerebral types. Mucormycosis is associated with exposure to high levels of airborne fungal contamination. In the context of COVID-19, India has seen an increasing number of incidents. The majority of the cases documented are related to the inappropriate use of corticosteroids in COVID-19 patients. Diabetes mellitus (73.5%), ma-lignancy (9.0%), and organ transplantation are among the main risk factors for mucormycosis in Indians (7.7 percent). In diabetic patients, Mucormycosis develops as a destructive and potentially fatal condition. Diabetic ketoacidosis accelerates fungal invasion. Risk factors include uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, especially ketoacidosis, steroid use, age, neutropenia Mucormycosis diagnosis involves a careful examination of clinical manifestations, magnetic resonance imaging modalities, early use of computed tomography (CT). Mucormycosis can impair the nose, sinuses, orbit, CNS, pulmonary, gastro-intestinal tract (GIT), skin, jaws bones, joints, heart, kidney, and mediastinum. Newer generation antifungal treatments such as amphotericin B, ketoconazole, itraconazole, and voriconazole. There are several formulations of amphotericin B available, including liposomal and lipid-based amphotericin, the colloidal diffusion of amphotericin for most common fungal infections. Breakthrough invasive fungal infections persist when new azoles, posaconazole, and isavuconazole are introduced, despite their anti-mucoral activity.
{"title":"A Brief Review on Covid-19 associated Mucormycosis","authors":"Harshada I. Patil, Dhiraj Kamble","doi":"10.52711/2231-5659.2022.00051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/2231-5659.2022.00051","url":null,"abstract":"Mucormycosis or Zygomycosis is defined as an insidious mycosis by members of the Mucorales and zygomycotic species. Mucormycosis is rare but severe invasive fungal infection. Infection with human corpuscles occurs in superficial form in the outer ear, nails, skin and visceral forms manifest in lung, gastrointestinal, and cerebral types. Mucormycosis is associated with exposure to high levels of airborne fungal contamination. In the context of COVID-19, India has seen an increasing number of incidents. The majority of the cases documented are related to the inappropriate use of corticosteroids in COVID-19 patients. Diabetes mellitus (73.5%), ma-lignancy (9.0%), and organ transplantation are among the main risk factors for mucormycosis in Indians (7.7 percent). In diabetic patients, Mucormycosis develops as a destructive and potentially fatal condition. Diabetic ketoacidosis accelerates fungal invasion. Risk factors include uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, especially ketoacidosis, steroid use, age, neutropenia Mucormycosis diagnosis involves a careful examination of clinical manifestations, magnetic resonance imaging modalities, early use of computed tomography (CT). Mucormycosis can impair the nose, sinuses, orbit, CNS, pulmonary, gastro-intestinal tract (GIT), skin, jaws bones, joints, heart, kidney, and mediastinum. Newer generation antifungal treatments such as amphotericin B, ketoconazole, itraconazole, and voriconazole. There are several formulations of amphotericin B available, including liposomal and lipid-based amphotericin, the colloidal diffusion of amphotericin for most common fungal infections. Breakthrough invasive fungal infections persist when new azoles, posaconazole, and isavuconazole are introduced, despite their anti-mucoral activity.","PeriodicalId":8531,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72853745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-22DOI: 10.52711/2231-5659.2022.00048
S. Devi, P. Kumar, Puneet Kumar, P. Pooja, Vikrant Gupta
Health is the state of the body that means the physical, social and mental condition of a person defines their health and a survey performed to analyses or testing the state of a person that is mentally physically and socially well-being. The health survey helps to collect the data and condition of a person according to their environment and nature. A health survey is the major tool to check or analyse the diseaserate, various problems, their solution, and type of disease. We perform the survey in rural and urban areas and analyse the various conditions or problems occurring in rural and urban areas. With the help of this survey, we can study the lifestyle of people in rural and urban areas.
{"title":"Survey on Impact of Lifestyle on Human Health in Urban and Rural area","authors":"S. Devi, P. Kumar, Puneet Kumar, P. Pooja, Vikrant Gupta","doi":"10.52711/2231-5659.2022.00048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/2231-5659.2022.00048","url":null,"abstract":"Health is the state of the body that means the physical, social and mental condition of a person defines their health and a survey performed to analyses or testing the state of a person that is mentally physically and socially well-being. The health survey helps to collect the data and condition of a person according to their environment and nature. A health survey is the major tool to check or analyse the diseaserate, various problems, their solution, and type of disease. We perform the survey in rural and urban areas and analyse the various conditions or problems occurring in rural and urban areas. With the help of this survey, we can study the lifestyle of people in rural and urban areas.","PeriodicalId":8531,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83137013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-22DOI: 10.52711/2231-5659.2022.00053
Ganesh D. Barkade, Sakshi A. Bhongal, Pallavi K. Dani, Shrutika R. Gund
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous endocrine disorder in women. It generally occurs in the female of reproductive age. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is also known as Stein Leventhal Syndrome. According to World Health Organization (WHO), PCOS impacted 116 million women worldwide. The purpose of this review is to summarize physiological characteristics of PCOS like obesity, hirsutism, infertility, acne, etc. that are common among women diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome. . This review also highlights a brief outline of signs and symptoms, pathophysiology, risk factors and treatment with drugs acting on anovulation, infertility, and symptoms of the polycystic ovarian syndrome.
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