Pub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.52711/0974-4150.2022.00060
Ashutosh Kumar Singh
The base catalyzed hydrolysis of diethyl pathalate has been carried out titrometically in water-ethanol binary solvent mixture covering range of 30 to 70% (v/v) of solvent composition at different Temperature (20 to 400C). The reaction followed second order rate constant which decreases with increase of solvent composition. The salvation and desolvation concept are used to explain the solvent influence on rate and mechanism is the reaction. The relation between changes in dielectric constant due to variation of reaction mixture and change in specific rate constant has been explained on the basis of electrostatic and non-electrostatic contribution of solvent mixture. Calculated value of Iso-composition activation energy is found to be increases with increase of solvent composition. The thermodynamic parameters (G*, H*&S*) has been determined with help of Wynne Jone and Eyring equation which show the great dependency on solvent composition.
{"title":"Kinetics Study of Co-Solvent effect in Alkaline Hydrolysis of Diethyl Pathalate Ester","authors":"Ashutosh Kumar Singh","doi":"10.52711/0974-4150.2022.00060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/0974-4150.2022.00060","url":null,"abstract":"The base catalyzed hydrolysis of diethyl pathalate has been carried out titrometically in water-ethanol binary solvent mixture covering range of 30 to 70% (v/v) of solvent composition at different Temperature (20 to 400C). The reaction followed second order rate constant which decreases with increase of solvent composition. The salvation and desolvation concept are used to explain the solvent influence on rate and mechanism is the reaction. The relation between changes in dielectric constant due to variation of reaction mixture and change in specific rate constant has been explained on the basis of electrostatic and non-electrostatic contribution of solvent mixture. Calculated value of Iso-composition activation energy is found to be increases with increase of solvent composition. The thermodynamic parameters (G*, H*&S*) has been determined with help of Wynne Jone and Eyring equation which show the great dependency on solvent composition.","PeriodicalId":8550,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78857288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.52711/0974-4150.2022.00055
D. S.
The Phenol content of two separate water bodies into which effluent is discharged from Plywood Industrial area, Perumbavoor, Ernakulam(Dist), Kerala, India, was analyzed using colourimetric methods by converting phenols and cresols present in the water bodies into red coloured Deoxy- P- Benzoquinonyl B- Resorsalylimine or 5- Methyl – 1,2- Benzoquinonyl B- Resorsalylimine respectively. The Phenol content in water sample- It was found be slightly higher than that of water sample- I. The values obtained were much higher than that of the lethal concentration for aquatic animals and very much harmful to human beings.
{"title":"A Preliminary Study on the Estimation of Phenol content and Extent of Pollution in water bodies near the Plywood Industrial Area, Perumbavoor, Ernakulum (Dist), Kerala, India","authors":"D. S.","doi":"10.52711/0974-4150.2022.00055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/0974-4150.2022.00055","url":null,"abstract":"The Phenol content of two separate water bodies into which effluent is discharged from Plywood Industrial area, Perumbavoor, Ernakulam(Dist), Kerala, India, was analyzed using colourimetric methods by converting phenols and cresols present in the water bodies into red coloured Deoxy- P- Benzoquinonyl B- Resorsalylimine or 5- Methyl – 1,2- Benzoquinonyl B- Resorsalylimine respectively. The Phenol content in water sample- It was found be slightly higher than that of water sample- I. The values obtained were much higher than that of the lethal concentration for aquatic animals and very much harmful to human beings.","PeriodicalId":8550,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79334494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.52711/0974-4150.2022.00058
T. Jain, A. Vyas, D. Dubey, K. Dashora, Vishal Jain
Selective and efficient analytical methods are required not only for quality assurance but also for authentication of herbal formulations. Fingerprint method for Nilaavaarai Chooranam with TLC Densitometric Methods (HPTLC) using piperine as an internal standard was developed. The HPTLC estimation was carried out with three laboratory batches and one marketed formulation of Nilaavaarai Chooranam and crude drug containing piperine. The concentration of piperine present in raw material was found to be 2.9836±0.497w/w in Piper nigrum and in three identical laboratory batch of Nilaavaarai Chooranam NC-I, NC-II and N-III, was found to be 0.1761 ± 0.384, 0.1759 ± 0.534%, 0.1760 ± 0.019 w/w respectively. The piperine content in all the three different batches is found to be in close proximities with each other. The results were comparable to marketed formulations. Hence the present method is simple, sensitive, precise and accurate and can be adopted for routine fingerprinting method for quality control of Nilaavaarai Chooranam.
{"title":"Development of fingerprinting method for Siddha formulation Nilaavaarai chooranam: A HPTLC approach","authors":"T. Jain, A. Vyas, D. Dubey, K. Dashora, Vishal Jain","doi":"10.52711/0974-4150.2022.00058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/0974-4150.2022.00058","url":null,"abstract":"Selective and efficient analytical methods are required not only for quality assurance but also for authentication of herbal formulations. Fingerprint method for Nilaavaarai Chooranam with TLC Densitometric Methods (HPTLC) using piperine as an internal standard was developed. The HPTLC estimation was carried out with three laboratory batches and one marketed formulation of Nilaavaarai Chooranam and crude drug containing piperine. The concentration of piperine present in raw material was found to be 2.9836±0.497w/w in Piper nigrum and in three identical laboratory batch of Nilaavaarai Chooranam NC-I, NC-II and N-III, was found to be 0.1761 ± 0.384, 0.1759 ± 0.534%, 0.1760 ± 0.019 w/w respectively. The piperine content in all the three different batches is found to be in close proximities with each other. The results were comparable to marketed formulations. Hence the present method is simple, sensitive, precise and accurate and can be adopted for routine fingerprinting method for quality control of Nilaavaarai Chooranam.","PeriodicalId":8550,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80558565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.52711/0974-4150.2022.00063
G. Muthuboopathi, T. Rajendran, Samina Shanawaz, D. Moorthi, Janani Thirunavukkarasu, Nandhini Nandhini, Vani Saminathan
Contemporary pharmaceutical chemistry faces several challenges in different directions, including the need for both the potency and specificity of any therapeutic agent. The increasingly demanding low toxicity requirements observed in all patients treated and the need for novelty in intellectual property, given the extensive use of benzenoid and heteroaromatic ring systems in many patents. Such challenges are increasingly met by moving to new and / or unusual ring systems (scaffolds) that lie outside the realm of (hetero) aromatic systems. This critical review examines the biological activities of Thiazolidine derivatives like anti-microbial, anti-cancer, anti-diabetics, antiobesity, anti-oxidant by giving mechanistic insights of the given atypical scaffolds from mainly drawn from the literature of the last five years, which have found applications in modern bioorganic chemistry and Medicinal Chemistry.
{"title":"Research Critique of Thiazolidine Analogues","authors":"G. Muthuboopathi, T. Rajendran, Samina Shanawaz, D. Moorthi, Janani Thirunavukkarasu, Nandhini Nandhini, Vani Saminathan","doi":"10.52711/0974-4150.2022.00063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/0974-4150.2022.00063","url":null,"abstract":"Contemporary pharmaceutical chemistry faces several challenges in different directions, including the need for both the potency and specificity of any therapeutic agent. The increasingly demanding low toxicity requirements observed in all patients treated and the need for novelty in intellectual property, given the extensive use of benzenoid and heteroaromatic ring systems in many patents. Such challenges are increasingly met by moving to new and / or unusual ring systems (scaffolds) that lie outside the realm of (hetero) aromatic systems. This critical review examines the biological activities of Thiazolidine derivatives like anti-microbial, anti-cancer, anti-diabetics, antiobesity, anti-oxidant by giving mechanistic insights of the given atypical scaffolds from mainly drawn from the literature of the last five years, which have found applications in modern bioorganic chemistry and Medicinal Chemistry.","PeriodicalId":8550,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75557276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.52711/0974-4150.2022.00056
Y. Benkrima, A. Souigat, M. E. Soudani, Mohammed Seyf Eddine Bougoffa, Z. Korichi, O. Bentouila
In this work, we present a systematic theoretical study based on the density function theory (DFT), Through which we aim to shed light on the potential effects of dopped gold Au clusters with a platinum Pt atom, and the search for the new structural, chemical properties that gold clusters will have thanks to this doping, Where the study is limited to the selection of clusters with the lowest energy among the other isomers for each cluster size. The resulting stable structures with lower energy reveal three dimensional structures starting at n = 6, Doping Aun clusters with platinum Pt atom leads to improvement in all properties calculated for these clusters. The chemical and electronic properties have been studied and discussed, for example Vertical electronic affinity, adiabatic electronic affinity, enthalpy and chemical hardness as a function of cluster size. All properties were calculated using generalized gradient density approximation (GGA) and locus density approximation (LDA) and compared them with each other. Where it turns out that the results obtained are close to previous theoretical and experimental studies somewhat similar to them. This type of study is presented for the first time using the density function theory.
{"title":"Chemical properties of Bimetallic (Au+Pt) using Density Functional Theory","authors":"Y. Benkrima, A. Souigat, M. E. Soudani, Mohammed Seyf Eddine Bougoffa, Z. Korichi, O. Bentouila","doi":"10.52711/0974-4150.2022.00056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/0974-4150.2022.00056","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, we present a systematic theoretical study based on the density function theory (DFT), Through which we aim to shed light on the potential effects of dopped gold Au clusters with a platinum Pt atom, and the search for the new structural, chemical properties that gold clusters will have thanks to this doping, Where the study is limited to the selection of clusters with the lowest energy among the other isomers for each cluster size. The resulting stable structures with lower energy reveal three dimensional structures starting at n = 6, Doping Aun clusters with platinum Pt atom leads to improvement in all properties calculated for these clusters. The chemical and electronic properties have been studied and discussed, for example Vertical electronic affinity, adiabatic electronic affinity, enthalpy and chemical hardness as a function of cluster size. All properties were calculated using generalized gradient density approximation (GGA) and locus density approximation (LDA) and compared them with each other. Where it turns out that the results obtained are close to previous theoretical and experimental studies somewhat similar to them. This type of study is presented for the first time using the density function theory.","PeriodicalId":8550,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78091011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.52711/0974-4150.2022.00068
Poonam Khalate, B. Chaudhari, V. Redasani
In pharmaceutical industries there is possibilities of contamination, cross contamination, microbial contamination, adulteration of drug with other active ingredient or contamination with other material like raw material, dust, lubricant, intermediates and air born particle.1 Cleaning validation validate the effectiveness of cleaning procedure for removal of excipient, product residue, degradation product and cleaning agent. Cleaning validation improves the potency and reliability of cleaning in given pharmaceutical production and equipment. The cleaning validation is essential part of the quality assurance. As a result, validating cleaning procedures is critical in the pharmaceutical sector to ensure the safety, efficacy, and quality of drug batches. The purpose of this review is to provide information about cleaning validation in pharmaceutical industry to provide better customer care and quality of product. This article will discuss the relevance of cleaning validation in the pharmaceutical sector, and it will do so in accordance with regulatory guidelines.2,3
{"title":"Cleaning Validation in Pharmaceutical Industry","authors":"Poonam Khalate, B. Chaudhari, V. Redasani","doi":"10.52711/0974-4150.2022.00068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/0974-4150.2022.00068","url":null,"abstract":"In pharmaceutical industries there is possibilities of contamination, cross contamination, microbial contamination, adulteration of drug with other active ingredient or contamination with other material like raw material, dust, lubricant, intermediates and air born particle.1 Cleaning validation validate the effectiveness of cleaning procedure for removal of excipient, product residue, degradation product and cleaning agent. Cleaning validation improves the potency and reliability of cleaning in given pharmaceutical production and equipment. The cleaning validation is essential part of the quality assurance. As a result, validating cleaning procedures is critical in the pharmaceutical sector to ensure the safety, efficacy, and quality of drug batches. The purpose of this review is to provide information about cleaning validation in pharmaceutical industry to provide better customer care and quality of product. This article will discuss the relevance of cleaning validation in the pharmaceutical sector, and it will do so in accordance with regulatory guidelines.2,3","PeriodicalId":8550,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80912738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.52711/0974-4150.2022.00062
M. Allaoui, M. L. Belfar, Zaoui-Djelloul Daouadji
The ability to protect the body from damages caused by free radical induced oxidative stress is an essential property of antioxidants, so they are an indispensable substance. A variety of free radical scavenging antioxidants are found in several dietary sources. The main objective of this study focused on the screening of antioxidant activity of two Saharian Chenopodiaceae: Haloxylon scoparium and Traganum nudatum. The in vitro antioxidant activity was investigated with DPPH radical scavenging assay and reducing power assay of the Butanolic extracts of these species. The Total Phenolic Content (TPC) was evaluated according to the Folin-Ciocaltue assay and Gallic acid was used as standard. The Flavonoids content (TFC) was evaluated by using the Aluminum Chloride method. The findings showed that the Bu-OH extract of Haloxylon scoparium exhibited better values of antioxidant activity, total phenolic content and total flavonoid content compared to those of Traganum nudatum.
{"title":"Comparison of Antioxidant activity Total Phenolic, and Total Flavonoids content of Butanolic extracts from Haloxylon scoparium and Traganum nudatum","authors":"M. Allaoui, M. L. Belfar, Zaoui-Djelloul Daouadji","doi":"10.52711/0974-4150.2022.00062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/0974-4150.2022.00062","url":null,"abstract":"The ability to protect the body from damages caused by free radical induced oxidative stress is an essential property of antioxidants, so they are an indispensable substance. A variety of free radical scavenging antioxidants are found in several dietary sources. The main objective of this study focused on the screening of antioxidant activity of two Saharian Chenopodiaceae: Haloxylon scoparium and Traganum nudatum. The in vitro antioxidant activity was investigated with DPPH radical scavenging assay and reducing power assay of the Butanolic extracts of these species. The Total Phenolic Content (TPC) was evaluated according to the Folin-Ciocaltue assay and Gallic acid was used as standard. The Flavonoids content (TFC) was evaluated by using the Aluminum Chloride method. The findings showed that the Bu-OH extract of Haloxylon scoparium exhibited better values of antioxidant activity, total phenolic content and total flavonoid content compared to those of Traganum nudatum.","PeriodicalId":8550,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85966629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.52711/0974-4150.2022.00064
Mustehasan Mustehasan, M. Azhar
Metals and minerals are integral parts of Indian Systems of Medicine including Unani Medicine. Usrub (lead) is one of the seven metals of antiquity used in prehistoric times. The medicinal use of lead preparation is reported in pre-Dynastic Egypt and by the ancient Indian civilisations from 3200 to 2800 BC. Lead in various forms i.e. Usrub (lead) and Aabar (burnt lead/ashes of lead), Isfidaj (white lead), Suranj (red oxide of lead), Murdar sang (litharge/lead monoxide) and Ithmid (lead sulfide) are used in Unani Medicine. Usrub (Lead) naturally occurs as galena (lead sulfide) from which it is obtained by roasting. The compounds of lead for medicinal uses are generally prepared by a particular method. Most of the lead compounds are used as external applications for the healing of wounds. For oral use, calx form is recommended. The lead is absorbed into the human body from the gastrointestinal and respiratory tract. It is least absorbed through intact skin. Approximately 80 to 90 percent of absorbed lead is excreted through urine, feces and sweat. When blood level in adults crosses the limit of 10 µg/dl and in children 3.5 µg/dl the signs of poisoning may appear. The present review will be helpful for students, researcher for a better understanding of lead’s medicinal use and for further studies.
{"title":"Usrub (lead) and its compounds used in Unani Medicine: Overview","authors":"Mustehasan Mustehasan, M. Azhar","doi":"10.52711/0974-4150.2022.00064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/0974-4150.2022.00064","url":null,"abstract":"Metals and minerals are integral parts of Indian Systems of Medicine including Unani Medicine. Usrub (lead) is one of the seven metals of antiquity used in prehistoric times. The medicinal use of lead preparation is reported in pre-Dynastic Egypt and by the ancient Indian civilisations from 3200 to 2800 BC. Lead in various forms i.e. Usrub (lead) and Aabar (burnt lead/ashes of lead), Isfidaj (white lead), Suranj (red oxide of lead), Murdar sang (litharge/lead monoxide) and Ithmid (lead sulfide) are used in Unani Medicine. Usrub (Lead) naturally occurs as galena (lead sulfide) from which it is obtained by roasting. The compounds of lead for medicinal uses are generally prepared by a particular method. Most of the lead compounds are used as external applications for the healing of wounds. For oral use, calx form is recommended. The lead is absorbed into the human body from the gastrointestinal and respiratory tract. It is least absorbed through intact skin. Approximately 80 to 90 percent of absorbed lead is excreted through urine, feces and sweat. When blood level in adults crosses the limit of 10 µg/dl and in children 3.5 µg/dl the signs of poisoning may appear. The present review will be helpful for students, researcher for a better understanding of lead’s medicinal use and for further studies.","PeriodicalId":8550,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83109849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.52711/0974-4150.2022.00057
S. Sagar, A. Rastogi
In the present study a Charophyta green alga Chara sp. has been proven to be a very effective and promising adsorbing biomass for the removal of an acidic dye, Methyl Orange [MO] from synthetic wastewater. Adsorption efficiency of alga was studied as a function of various operative variables, such as the contact time to reach equilibrium, pH of an aqueous solution, adsorbent dosage, and temperature for dye removal. The experimental data were analyzed by Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R) models of adsorption isotherms, and best fit results were found for the Langmuir isotherm model, based on its correlation coefficient values. Pseudo-first-order and Pseudo-second-order kinetic models were applied to describe the adsorption process. It was found that the adsorption of methyl orange could be best described by the pseudo-second-order model. Values of Gibbs free energy (ΔG), entropy ((ΔS), and enthalpy change (ΔH) indicated the spontaneity, randomness, and endothermic nature of the reaction. FTIR studies showed the involvement of carboxyl, hydroxyl, and amide groups in the adsorption process. SEM micrographs displayed the morphological changes on the adsorbent surface, and BET analysis determined the surface area. To check the adsorbent reusability, repeated adsorption-desorption experiments were carried out for five consecutive cycles. The result shows that Chara sp. could be an effectual and reasonable adsorbent material for the management of MO-bearing wastewater.
{"title":"Adsorption Performance and Reuse Potential of a Green Alga for the removal of an Acidic dye from Synthetic Wastewater","authors":"S. Sagar, A. Rastogi","doi":"10.52711/0974-4150.2022.00057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/0974-4150.2022.00057","url":null,"abstract":"In the present study a Charophyta green alga Chara sp. has been proven to be a very effective and promising adsorbing biomass for the removal of an acidic dye, Methyl Orange [MO] from synthetic wastewater. Adsorption efficiency of alga was studied as a function of various operative variables, such as the contact time to reach equilibrium, pH of an aqueous solution, adsorbent dosage, and temperature for dye removal. The experimental data were analyzed by Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R) models of adsorption isotherms, and best fit results were found for the Langmuir isotherm model, based on its correlation coefficient values. Pseudo-first-order and Pseudo-second-order kinetic models were applied to describe the adsorption process. It was found that the adsorption of methyl orange could be best described by the pseudo-second-order model. Values of Gibbs free energy (ΔG), entropy ((ΔS), and enthalpy change (ΔH) indicated the spontaneity, randomness, and endothermic nature of the reaction. FTIR studies showed the involvement of carboxyl, hydroxyl, and amide groups in the adsorption process. SEM micrographs displayed the morphological changes on the adsorbent surface, and BET analysis determined the surface area. To check the adsorbent reusability, repeated adsorption-desorption experiments were carried out for five consecutive cycles. The result shows that Chara sp. could be an effectual and reasonable adsorbent material for the management of MO-bearing wastewater.","PeriodicalId":8550,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84936472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.52711/0974-4150.2022.00067
S. Dubey, Atresh Kumar Singh, Umesh Nath Tripathi
Water resources are equally important for natural ecosystem and human development. It is essential for agriculture, industry and human existence. All life on earth depends on water. Fresh water is a critical, finite, vulnerable, renewable natural resource on the earth and plays as important role in our living environment without it, life is impossible. More than 70% of the Earth's surface is covered with this simple molecule. Scientists estimate that the hydrosphere contains about 1.36 billion cubic kilometers of these substances of physicochemical parameters such as pH, colour, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS), total dissolved solids (TDS), and turbidity. The quality of water can be assessed by studying its physical and chemical characteristics. The present review paper describes about the importance of different parameters of water quality.
{"title":"Water Quality – A Review","authors":"S. Dubey, Atresh Kumar Singh, Umesh Nath Tripathi","doi":"10.52711/0974-4150.2022.00067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/0974-4150.2022.00067","url":null,"abstract":"Water resources are equally important for natural ecosystem and human development. It is essential for agriculture, industry and human existence. All life on earth depends on water. Fresh water is a critical, finite, vulnerable, renewable natural resource on the earth and plays as important role in our living environment without it, life is impossible. More than 70% of the Earth's surface is covered with this simple molecule. Scientists estimate that the hydrosphere contains about 1.36 billion cubic kilometers of these substances of physicochemical parameters such as pH, colour, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS), total dissolved solids (TDS), and turbidity. The quality of water can be assessed by studying its physical and chemical characteristics. The present review paper describes about the importance of different parameters of water quality.","PeriodicalId":8550,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90299959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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