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An Evaluation of Hysteroscopy in Clinical Gynaecological Practice 宫腔镜在临床妇科实践中的评价
Asia-Oceania journal of obstetrics and gynaecology
Pub Date : 2010-05-24 DOI: 10.1111/J.1447-0756.1981.TB00514.X
D. Marsden, J. Correy
The value of hysteroscopy as an adjunct to other diagnostic measures is discussed with particular emphasis on the clarity of views obtained. Its value in locating intra-uterine devices is stressed.
宫腔镜作为辅助其他诊断措施的价值被讨论，特别强调所获得的观点的清晰度。强调其在定位宫内节育器中的价值。
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引用次数: 0
Immature teratoma of the ovary. Correlation between serum alpha-fetoprotein value and immunohistochemical analysis. 卵巢未成熟畸胎瘤。血清甲胎蛋白值与免疫组化分析的相关性。
Asia-Oceania journal of obstetrics and gynaecology
Pub Date : 2010-05-24 DOI: 10.1111/J.1447-0756.1984.TB00720.X
T. Ikarashi
Immature Teratoma of the Ovary Abstract Seven immature ovarian teratomas associated with elevated serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) are presented. The primary tumors and their metastatic lesions were histologically graded from zero to three, and stained by alpha-fetoprotein peroxidase anti-peroxidase (AFP-PAP) method. The grades of metastatic lesions were correlated with their prognosis. AFP-PAP staining revealed that the glandular epithelia were only positive for AFP, strongly suggesting the site of producing AFP. Serum alpha-fetoprotein remained within the normal range in spite of the increments of metastatic lesions in case 3. This may be explained by the fact that alpha-fetoprotein production by glandular epithelium was not observed in the specimens obtained at second-look surgery in this particular case. Therefore, serum AFP may not always be an indicator of extension of this tumor, but is related to the amount of AFP produced by the glandular epithelia. Therefore, in immature teratomas the stress is on the serial measurements of serum alpha-fetoprotein, the identification of the alpha-fetoprotein-producing lesion in immunological staining and the confinement of the malignant germ cell elements.
摘要本文报道了7例与血清甲胎蛋白(AFP)升高相关的未成熟卵巢畸胎瘤。对原发肿瘤及其转移灶进行0 ~ 3级组织学分级，采用甲胎蛋白过氧化物酶抗过氧化物酶(AFP-PAP)染色。转移灶的分级与其预后相关。AFP- pap染色显示腺上皮仅AFP阳性，提示AFP的产生部位。血清甲胎蛋白保持在正常范围内，尽管在病例3转移性病变的增量。这可能是由于在这个特殊的病例中，在二次手术中获得的标本中没有观察到腺上皮产生甲胎蛋白。因此，血清AFP可能并不总是肿瘤扩展的指标，但与腺上皮产生AFP的量有关。因此，在未成熟畸胎瘤中，重点在于血清甲胎蛋白的连续测量，免疫染色中甲胎蛋白产生病变的识别以及恶性生殖细胞因子的限制。
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引用次数: 5
Cervical Cancer in New Zealand —A Failure of Cytology?— 新西兰宫颈癌-细胞学检查失败?- - - - - -
Asia-Oceania journal of obstetrics and gynaecology
Pub Date : 2010-05-24 DOI: 10.1111/J.1447-0756.1981.TB00535.X
G. H. Green
Incidence rates (1948 – 1977) and mortality rates (1941 – 1978) for invasive cervical cancer, together with reporting rates for in situ cancer and cytology screening rates, are considered for New Zealand to find whether the predictions which can be made from the current general biological model of cervical cancer, i.e. normal epithelium ⇄ dysplasia ⇄ carcinoma in situ invasive cancer, are verifiable or not. The results, notably significant rises in mortality and incidence in women 20–34 years old, barely significant falls in incidence in older women, a failure of the proportion of early-stage invasive cancers to rise, and an enormous increase in reported in situ cancer in the later years without an increase in screening to account for this, cast doubt on the validity of the model and the value of cytological screening in the control of cervical cancer.
新西兰考虑了浸润性宫颈癌的发病率(1948年至1977年)和死亡率(1941年至1978年)，以及原位癌的报告率和细胞学筛查率，以发现从当前宫颈癌的一般生物学模型(即正常上皮结构不典型化)中可以做出的预测是否可验证。结果显示，20-34岁妇女的死亡率和发病率显著上升，老年妇女的发病率几乎没有显著下降，早期侵袭性癌症的比例没有上升，而在随后几年报告的原位癌的数量大幅增加，但没有增加筛查来解释这一点，这使人们对模型的有效性和细胞学筛查在宫颈癌控制中的价值产生怀疑。
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引用次数: 0
In Vitro Fertilization of Human Follicular Oocytes by Trypsin‐Treated Spermatozoa 胰蛋白酶处理的精子对人卵泡卵母细胞的体外受精
Asia-Oceania journal of obstetrics and gynaecology
Pub Date : 2010-05-24 DOI: 10.1111/J.1447-0756.1981.TB00531.X
H. Kubo, S. Katayama, Motoyuki Hayashi
In vitro fertilization of human follicular oocytes was carried out using trypsin-treated spermatozoa. The oocytes were recovered, from ovaries in situ by culdoscope with a special oocyte recovery apparatus: Using this apparatus, a total of 165 oocytes were recovered by aspirating 324 follicles from 80 patients (average 2.1 oocytes/patient). Degenerated oocytes (32) at the initial evaluation were not included in the experiment and the 61 remaining (45.9%) were matured in vitro. The matured oocytes were then inseminated by trypsin-treated or untreated spermatozoa at concentrations of 6 to 20 times 106 sperm/ml. Eighteen of 31 oocytes (58.1%) inseminated by trypsin-treated spermatozoa were fertilized and three (9.7%) of the fertilized oocytes developed to a blastocyst stage, whereas 6 out of 30 oocytes (20%) which were inseminated with non-treated spermatozoa were fertilized and none of them developed beyond a 16-cell stage. Therefore, it appears that trypsin-treatment may increase the fertilizing ability of human spermatozoa.
用胰蛋白酶处理过的精子进行了人卵泡卵母细胞的体外受精。使用专用的卵母细胞恢复装置，在显微镜下从卵巢原位恢复卵母细胞。使用该装置，从80例患者中抽取324个卵泡(平均2.1个卵母细胞/例)，共回收165个卵母细胞。初步评估时退行性卵母细胞(32个)未纳入实验，其余61个(45.9%)在体外成熟。然后将成熟的卵母细胞与胰蛋白酶处理或未处理的精子以6至20倍106精子/ml的浓度进行受精。经胰蛋白酶处理的31个卵母细胞中有18个(58.1%)受精卵，其中3个(9.7%)受精卵发育到囊胚期，而未经胰蛋白酶处理的30个卵母细胞中有6个(20%)受精卵未发育到16细胞期。因此，胰蛋白酶处理似乎可以提高人类精子的受精能力。
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引用次数: 0
A Method for Estimating the Day of Ovulation by Basal Body Temperature Chart 用基础体温图估计排卵日的方法
Asia-Oceania journal of obstetrics and gynaecology
Pub Date : 2010-05-24 DOI: 10.1111/J.1447-0756.1981.TB00513.X
Masahiko Kusuda, Toshikazu Onoue
The method for estimating the day of ovulation by the basal body temperature fluctuation was studied and appraised. The temperature variation within 0.1°C above or below the mean basal body temperature of the first 10 menstrual days was defined as the hypothermic phasic range. When the basal body temperature rose and remained above hypothermic phase for 4 consequtive days, it is considered to have shifted into the hyperthermic phase and the day before a shift into the hyperthermic phase was estimated as the day of ovulation. Continuous measurement of urinary LH concentrations from early morning samples established the LH peak day. The accuracy of this method was examined by comparing the basal body temperature and urinary LH peak. In 36 cycles (69%) BBT fell within two days around when the ovulation was most likely to occur, and fell within 2 days before and after the LH peak in 46 cycles (88%). A slight scattering in the estimates was due to the influence of factors other than progesterone on the basal body temperature. This seems as insurmountable limit to using basal body temperature for this purpose. In absence of any other means than BBT to estimate the day of ovulation, our simple objective method is quite practical and useful.
研究并评价了用基础体温波动估计排卵日的方法。将月经前10天平均基础体温上下0.1℃以内的温度变化定义为低温相范围。当基础体温连续4天升高并保持在低温期以上时，认为已进入高温期，并将进入高温期的前一天估计为排卵日。连续测量清晨样本的尿LH浓度，确定LH峰值日。通过比较基础体温和尿LH峰来检验该方法的准确性。36个周期(69%)BBT在排卵最可能发生前后两天内下降，46个周期(88%)BBT在LH高峰前后两天内下降。由于黄体酮以外的其他因素对基础体温的影响，这些估计值略有分散。这似乎是使用基础体温来达到这个目的的不可逾越的限制。在没有任何其他方法来估计排卵日期的情况下，我们简单客观的方法是非常实用和有用的。
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引用次数: 0
In Vitro Release of a Tumor‐Antigen (TA‐4) by Human Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma 肿瘤抗原(TA - 4)在人宫颈鳞状细胞癌中的体外释放
Asia-Oceania journal of obstetrics and gynaecology
Pub Date : 2010-05-24 DOI: 10.1111/J.1447-0756.1981.TB00530.X
S. Aramaki, H. Kato, H. Morioka, H. Toyoshima, T. Torigoe
The release of a human squamous cell carcinoma antigen (TA-4) was studied by in vitro incubation of squamous cell carcinoma tissues and normal squamous epithelium of the uterine cervix. TA-4 activity was determined by a radioimmunoassay method using a monospecific antiserum to TA-4. TA-4 activity was found in both malignant and non-malignant tissues. However, the malignant tissue released significantly larger amounts of TA-4 than the non-malignant tissue during 72 hours incubation.
通过体外培养人宫颈鳞癌组织和正常宫颈鳞上皮，研究了人鳞癌抗原(TA-4)的释放。用TA-4单特异性抗血清放射免疫法测定TA-4活性。TA-4活性在恶性和非恶性组织中均有发现。然而，在72小时的孵育过程中，恶性组织释放的TA-4明显多于非恶性组织。
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引用次数: 0
Contact Hysteroscopy in Philippine Setting 接触宫腔镜在菲律宾设置
Asia-Oceania journal of obstetrics and gynaecology
Pub Date : 2010-05-24 DOI: 10.1111/J.1447-0756.1981.TB00522.X
H. Baja-Panlilio, E. C. Firmalo
Contact hysteroscopy which aims to view the uterine cavity without the use of a distending medium, is a new diagnostic aid in the armamentarium of the obstetrician-gynecologist. It has found its place in a good number of clinical situations where modern sophisticated laboratory and clinical equipments may be helpful but are wanting. Our experience in 131 cases where the procedure was used are presented to include the indications, contraindications and complications. There are just a few contraindications. Complications theoretically are rare and not serious if detected and treated early. Our experience showed no complications occurred following its use. It may be considered as a simple, safe and economic procedure which is easily accepted by the patient and therefore has great potentials in the solution of some diagnostic problems in obstetrics and gynecology.
接触宫腔镜的目的是查看子宫腔，而不使用膨胀介质，是一种新的诊断手段，在妇产科医生的设备。在许多临床情况下，现代先进的实验室和临床设备可能会有所帮助，但仍存在不足。我们在131例病例中使用该手术的经验包括适应症，禁忌症和并发症。有几个禁忌症。从理论上讲，如果及早发现和治疗，并发症是罕见且不严重的。我们的经验表明，使用后未发生并发症。它可以被认为是一种简单、安全、经济、容易被患者接受的方法，因此在解决妇产科的一些诊断问题方面具有很大的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Estriol in Saliva During Pregnancy 怀孕期间唾液中的雌三醇
Asia-Oceania journal of obstetrics and gynaecology
Pub Date : 2010-05-24 DOI: 10.1111/J.1447-0756.1981.TB00542.X
John J. Evans, D. R. Aickin
A radioimmunoassay for the measurement of estriol in the saliva of pregnant women was developed. The effect of stimulation of saliva flow by citric acid was investigated and found to not affect estriol concentration significantly. Also, estriol levels were not significantly affected by the size of sample collected. Estriol was measured during pregnancy in the saliva of four women. There was an increase in concentration at later gestations although the concentration in saliva was much less than in plasma. This study suggests that assay of salivary estriol will be a convenient method of monitoring material estriol levels during pregnancy.
本文提出了一种测定孕妇唾液中雌三醇含量的放射免疫测定法。研究了柠檬酸刺激唾液流动的效果，发现对雌三醇浓度没有显著影响。此外，雌三醇水平不受样本大小的显著影响。研究人员测量了四名妇女怀孕期间唾液中的雌三醇含量。尽管唾液中的浓度远低于血浆中的浓度，但在妊娠后期浓度有所增加。本研究提示，唾液雌三醇测定将是一种方便的方法监测物质雌三醇在怀孕期间的水平。
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引用次数: 0
Enzyme-cytochemistry of human chorion laeve at term: enzyme localization on the chorionic trophoblast. 人足月绒毛膜叶的酶细胞化学:绒毛膜滋养细胞上的酶定位。
Asia-Oceania journal of obstetrics and gynaecology
Pub Date : 1994-09-01
S Matsubara, M Sayama, I Sato, T Tamada

Is the chorion laeve merely a remnant of the chorion frondosum in placental development? Or is it metabolically active, having something to do with maternofetal interactions? In order to answer these questions at least in part, we determined the ultracytochemical localizations of some important enzymes such as nonspecific phosphatase (alkaline phosphatase), specific phosphatase (Ca(++)-ATPase and 5'-nucleotidase) and adenylate cyclase in the human chorion laeve at term. Strong activities of these enzymes were localized by ultracytochemistry on the plasma membrane of the trophoblast in the chorion laeve. These enzyme activities were confirmed by a series of cytochemical-control experiments, i.e., substrate-free control, heat-stability control, and inhibition control by inhibitors of alkaline phosphatase. These observations indicate that the chorionic trophoblast is probably metabolically active and that it might play an important role in the physiology of the fetal membrane.

绒毛膜是否仅仅是胎盘发育中绒毛膜的残余物?或者它是否具有代谢活性，与母胎相互作用有关?为了至少部分回答这些问题，我们确定了一些重要酶的超细胞化学定位，如非特异性磷酸酶(碱性磷酸酶)，特异性磷酸酶(Ca(++)- atp酶和5'-核苷酸酶)和腺苷酸环化酶在足月人绒毛膜中。这些酶的强活性通过超细胞化学定位在绒毛叶滋养细胞的质膜上。通过一系列细胞化学控制实验，即无底物控制、热稳定性控制和碱性磷酸酶抑制剂抑制控制，证实了这些酶的活性。这些观察结果表明，绒毛膜滋养细胞可能具有代谢活性，并可能在胎膜生理中起重要作用。
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引用次数: 0
Enzyme-cytochemistry of human chorion laeve at term: enzyme localization on the chorionic trophoblast. 人足月绒毛膜叶的酶细胞化学:绒毛膜滋养细胞上的酶定位。
Asia-Oceania journal of obstetrics and gynaecology
Pub Date : 1994-06-01
S Matsubara, M Sayama, I Sato, T Tamada

Is the chorion laeve merely a remnant of the chorion frondosum in placental development? Or is it metabolically active, having something to do with maternofetal interactions? In order to answer these questions at least in part, we determined the ultracytochemical localizations of some important enzymes such as nonspecific phosphatase (alkaline phosphatase), specific phosphatase (Ca(++)-ATPase and 5'-nucleotidase) and adenylate cyclase in the human chorion laeve at term. Strong activities of these enzymes were localized by ultracytochemistry on the plasma membrane of the trophoblast in the chorion laeve. These enzyme activities were confirmed by a series of cytochemical-control experiments, i.e., substrate-free control, heat-stability control, and inhibition control by inhibitors of alkaline phosphatase. These observations indicate that the chorionic trophoblast is probably metabolically active and that it might play an important role in the physiology of the fetal membrane.

绒毛膜是否仅仅是胎盘发育中绒毛膜的残余物?或者它是否具有代谢活性，与母胎相互作用有关?为了至少部分回答这些问题，我们确定了一些重要酶的超细胞化学定位，如非特异性磷酸酶(碱性磷酸酶)，特异性磷酸酶(Ca(++)- atp酶和5'-核苷酸酶)和腺苷酸环化酶在足月人绒毛膜中。这些酶的强活性通过超细胞化学定位在绒毛叶滋养细胞的质膜上。通过一系列细胞化学控制实验，即无底物控制、热稳定性控制和碱性磷酸酶抑制剂抑制控制，证实了这些酶的活性。这些观察结果表明，绒毛膜滋养细胞可能具有代谢活性，并可能在胎膜生理中起重要作用。
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引用次数: 0
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