Pub Date : 2018-05-31DOI: 10.7868/S013216251805001X
V. Krasilshchikov
The paper is devoted to the 200-th anniversary of Karl Marx’s birth. It focuses on three concepts, or ideas, that have been formulated by Marx in various periods of his activity. The first of them concerns the expansion of capitalism across the world. The author, using the Marxian subdivision of capital into capital-property and capital-function, explains why the “spirit of capitalism” – in contrast to the old conception of Weber – appeared as well compatible with the Confucian doctrine in the last third of the XX сentury because of domination of capital-function over capital-property in the process of East Asian modernisation. The second Marx’s concept, which the author considers, deals with his futurology – forecasting of the rise of future society upon the base of automatic machines’ system, displacement of human labour and transformation of scientific knowledge into the direct productive force. As the author argues, this forecasting has been approved by the recent global shift towards a postindustrial, knowledge-based society. However, the reality is far from the old dreams about the “light dawn” of communism. Rather, it is relevant to speak about its “overcast morning” with an increasing uncertainty. Simultaneously, the author draws attention to the contradiction between the role ascribed by Marx to the working class, on the one hand, and the long-range forecast in Grundrisse about the coming of knowledge-based, post-industrial society when the working class disappears together with industrial labour. The third idea of Marx under scrutiny of the author embraces the problem of the lower classes’ conservatism which is considered in “The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte”. The paper underlines a significance of this problem for comprehension of many processes and phenomena in the contemporary world where various disparities are widening and generate the protests against progress.
{"title":"Karl Marx: 200 years of youth?","authors":"V. Krasilshchikov","doi":"10.7868/S013216251805001X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7868/S013216251805001X","url":null,"abstract":"The paper is devoted to the 200-th anniversary of Karl Marx’s birth. It focuses on three concepts, or ideas, that have been formulated by Marx in various periods of his activity. The first of them concerns the expansion of capitalism across the world. The author, using the Marxian subdivision of capital into capital-property and capital-function, explains why the “spirit of capitalism” – in contrast to the old conception of Weber – appeared as well compatible with the Confucian doctrine in the last third of the XX сentury because of domination of capital-function over capital-property in the process of East Asian modernisation. The second Marx’s concept, which the author considers, deals with his futurology – forecasting of the rise of future society upon the base of automatic machines’ system, displacement of human labour and transformation of scientific knowledge into the direct productive force. As the author argues, this forecasting has been approved by the recent global shift towards a postindustrial, knowledge-based society. However, the reality is far from the old dreams about the “light dawn” of communism. Rather, it is relevant to speak about its “overcast morning” with an increasing uncertainty. Simultaneously, the author draws attention to the contradiction between the role ascribed by Marx to the working class, on the one hand, and the long-range forecast in Grundrisse about the coming of knowledge-based, post-industrial society when the working class disappears together with industrial labour. The third idea of Marx under scrutiny of the author embraces the problem of the lower classes’ conservatism which is considered in “The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte”. The paper underlines a significance of this problem for comprehension of many processes and phenomena in the contemporary world where various disparities are widening and generate the protests against progress.","PeriodicalId":85741,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of sociological studies","volume":"9 1","pages":"3-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79119435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-05-31DOI: 10.7868/S0132162518050021
M. Chernysh
Modern Marxism is now going through a process of revival in social science. Marxist ideas have proved to be more resilient that was ever deemed by adepts of liberal reforms. The reasons why they survived in the last twenty years lies in the fact that capitalism, the main object of Marxist analysis does not only keep going, but also declines in many ways. In the modern world inequality is growing. The problems that seemed to have been done in the 20th century are back in force. Modern technologies and higher level of productive forces led to the rise of new problems and new contradictions that require a return to an adequate description by social theory. This is proved by the fact that Marxist schemata are often used to argue in favor of reforms that are essentially liberal. In particular, the Russian reforms relied on the idea of primary accumulation transformed into a popular myth. Marxist structural analysis can only become effective if it is applied to a concrete society and its political and economic order. The younger generation of sociologists learn Marxism for one more reason. Unlike many other sociological theories it kept improving its visions of society in line with the changes that occurred in them.
{"title":"Marxism in the global and Russian contexts","authors":"M. Chernysh","doi":"10.7868/S0132162518050021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7868/S0132162518050021","url":null,"abstract":"Modern Marxism is now going through a process of revival in social science. Marxist ideas have proved to be more resilient that was ever deemed by adepts of liberal reforms. The reasons why they survived in the last twenty years lies in the fact that capitalism, the main object of Marxist analysis does not only keep going, but also declines in many ways. In the modern world inequality is growing. The problems that seemed to have been done in the 20th century are back in force. Modern technologies and higher level of productive forces led to the rise of new problems and new contradictions that require a return to an adequate description by social theory. This is proved by the fact that Marxist schemata are often used to argue in favor of reforms that are essentially liberal. In particular, the Russian reforms relied on the idea of primary accumulation transformed into a popular myth. Marxist structural analysis can only become effective if it is applied to a concrete society and its political and economic order. The younger generation of sociologists learn Marxism for one more reason. Unlike many other sociological theories it kept improving its visions of society in line with the changes that occurred in them.","PeriodicalId":85741,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of sociological studies","volume":"19 1","pages":"15-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84455290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-05-16DOI: 10.7868/S0132162518040037
E. Arutyunova
This article presents an analysis of ethno-linguistic issues in education in the specific legal context of the Russian republics of Bashkortostan and Tatarstan. The importance of language to the identity of Russian citizens was analyzed using empirical data from a nationwide poll conducted by the Institute of Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences as well as expert and in-depth interviews and observations. The results demonstrate high importance of language as an ethnic marker. The main changes of language policy in Russia and in the Russian republics in particular in the post-Soviet era are also discussed. The research indicates that the adoption of language laws in the republics to provide state protection for official languages has shifted the focus of ethno-linguistic issues in the 2000s away from problems stemming from the lack of recognition of language as a constitutional right toward the problems associated with ethnic languages in education. In the case of the Republic of Bashkortostan the author analyzes the key controversies in the field of school education. These concern the functioning of the official languages of the Republic and the first languages, the quality of the educational materials, effectiveness of the teaching of the Bashkir language as an official to all school students of the republic. Differences and similarities in the situations in Bashkortostan and Tatarstan were also identified. Two key discourses in the study and discussion of the problems of ethno-linguistic situations were analyzed. These are the defense discourse and discourse of the free language choice based on the peoples’ pragmatic motives.
{"title":"Ethno-linguistic problems and prospects in educational sphere of the Russian Republics (the case of Bashkortostan)","authors":"E. Arutyunova","doi":"10.7868/S0132162518040037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7868/S0132162518040037","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents an analysis of ethno-linguistic issues in education in the specific legal context of the Russian republics of Bashkortostan and Tatarstan. The importance of language to the identity of Russian citizens was analyzed using empirical data from a nationwide poll conducted by the Institute of Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences as well as expert and in-depth interviews and observations. The results demonstrate high importance of language as an ethnic marker. The main changes of language policy in Russia and in the Russian republics in particular in the post-Soviet era are also discussed. The research indicates that the adoption of language laws in the republics to provide state protection for official languages has shifted the focus of ethno-linguistic issues in the 2000s away from problems stemming from the lack of recognition of language as a constitutional right toward the problems associated with ethnic languages in education. In the case of the Republic of Bashkortostan the author analyzes the key controversies in the field of school education. These concern the functioning of the official languages of the Republic and the first languages, the quality of the educational materials, effectiveness of the teaching of the Bashkir language as an official to all school students of the republic. Differences and similarities in the situations in Bashkortostan and Tatarstan were also identified. Two key discourses in the study and discussion of the problems of ethno-linguistic situations were analyzed. These are the defense discourse and discourse of the free language choice based on the peoples’ pragmatic motives.","PeriodicalId":85741,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of sociological studies","volume":"33 1","pages":"25-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89456713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-05-16DOI: 10.7868/S0132162518040116
Kozlova, O. Simonova, N. Voronina
The article examines the social cohesion of the inhabitants of the Russian village, the features of which are closely related to the social transformations of recent years. Based on the analysis of the results of qualimetric (social cohesion) and qualitative (life-style) research, the authors assess the level and character of the social cohesion, and offer explanations for the low integration of the rural community into Russian society at the societal level. The analysis of the interview transcripts is made with the emphasis on the subjective aspects of transformational and integrative processes in the countryside, which are examined through the analysis of villagers’ experience. Based on interviews with rural people, the authors examine the nature of their cohesion, which makes it possible to partially explain the feeling of hopelessness, narrowness of the time perspective, social fatigue, nostalgia for the past and behavioral passivity, low civil and protest activity, preventing the integration of the rural community into the new economic and social relations and strengthening general solidarity of Russian society. The authors conclude that “minimalistic” expectations, “the traditionalist” labor attitudes and the tendency to isolation of the peasant make up a coherent ethical system developed on the basis of the crisis of social and personal identity, the narrowing of time perspective, feelings of low self-efficacy.
{"title":"Social cohesion in the villages: the emotional experience of transformations and perception of future","authors":"Kozlova, O. Simonova, N. Voronina","doi":"10.7868/S0132162518040116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7868/S0132162518040116","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines the social cohesion of the inhabitants of the Russian village, the features of which are closely related to the social transformations of recent years. Based on the analysis of the results of qualimetric (social cohesion) and qualitative (life-style) research, the authors assess the level and character of the social cohesion, and offer explanations for the low integration of the rural community into Russian society at the societal level. The analysis of the interview transcripts is made with the emphasis on the subjective aspects of transformational and integrative processes in the countryside, which are examined through the analysis of villagers’ experience. Based on interviews with rural people, the authors examine the nature of their cohesion, which makes it possible to partially explain the feeling of hopelessness, narrowness of the time perspective, social fatigue, nostalgia for the past and behavioral passivity, low civil and protest activity, preventing the integration of the rural community into the new economic and social relations and strengthening general solidarity of Russian society. The authors conclude that “minimalistic” expectations, “the traditionalist” labor attitudes and the tendency to isolation of the peasant make up a coherent ethical system developed on the basis of the crisis of social and personal identity, the narrowing of time perspective, feelings of low self-efficacy.","PeriodicalId":85741,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of sociological studies","volume":"54 1","pages":"103-111"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90588345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-05-16DOI: 10.7868/S0132162518040098
Simonyan R.Kh.
In the modern world there is a steady increase of scientific interest for the problems of state borders and border areas. This is due to trends of inter-civilizational and cross-cultural interaction, economic globalization, dramatic changes on the political map of the world, the democratization of information processes, and development of regional cooperation. Area studies emerged as a branch of science that studies, i.a., the spatial organization of the economy. The emerging new direction of cross-border regional studies is also focused on the economic issues of cross-border cooperation, which is new for the Russian regions. In the 1990s, the practice of these relations has evolved at a rapid pace leaving theoretical foundation and design within the framework of the scientific terminology behind. The border area, as part of the country, absorb the general tendencies of economic processes, and especially due to the peculiarity of geographical position. The same applies to socio-psychological processes. But if the economic potential, economics of frontier regions is reflected in the scientific literature, human potential, spiritual sphere, the state of the mass consciousness of various groups of the population are less studied, though, these factors are basic for social development. The article is devoted to the comparative analysis of the worldview, beliefs and attitudes of student youth of the Western and Eastern border regions of Russia.
{"title":"Student youth of the border regions of Russia","authors":"Simonyan R.Kh.","doi":"10.7868/S0132162518040098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7868/S0132162518040098","url":null,"abstract":"In the modern world there is a steady increase of scientific interest for the problems of state borders and border areas. This is due to trends of inter-civilizational and cross-cultural interaction, economic globalization, dramatic changes on the political map of the world, the democratization of information processes, and development of regional cooperation. Area studies emerged as a branch of science that studies, i.a., the spatial organization of the economy. The emerging new direction of cross-border regional studies is also focused on the economic issues of cross-border cooperation, which is new for the Russian regions. In the 1990s, the practice of these relations has evolved at a rapid pace leaving theoretical foundation and design within the framework of the scientific terminology behind. The border area, as part of the country, absorb the general tendencies of economic processes, and especially due to the peculiarity of geographical position. The same applies to socio-psychological processes. But if the economic potential, economics of frontier regions is reflected in the scientific literature, human potential, spiritual sphere, the state of the mass consciousness of various groups of the population are less studied, though, these factors are basic for social development. The article is devoted to the comparative analysis of the worldview, beliefs and attitudes of student youth of the Western and Eastern border regions of Russia.","PeriodicalId":85741,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of sociological studies","volume":"31 1","pages":"82-89"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86105642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-05-16DOI: 10.7868/S0132162518040128
M. L. Belonozhko, A. Silin, O. Barbakov, A. S. Gyurdzhinyan
The article reveals social problems associated with the development of oil and gas in Arctic region of Russia. It also justifies possibilities of their solution based on sociological studies conducted by the authors in representative surveys 2005, 2010 and 2015. Stressing the role and significance of sociological research in the general problem of the circumpolar regions’ scientific study, authors show the need for a sociological diagnosis of their results in the context of different social groups of respondents (old-timers, including representatives of indigenous ethnic groups, newcomers, shift personnel). They do so to identify characteristics of social problems inherent to the Arctic region and requirements for scientific support of possible technologies to solve them. The authors studied the Northern specificity of the life quality in oil and gas Arctic region of Russia, the conditions of life of indigenous peoples, of shift workers who lead the mobile multi local way of life, and other social groups of participants who develop this territory. They draw conclusions about necessary significant strengthening of sociological and informational scientific support for planned Arctic projects and offer a methodological approach to the selection of the most relevant research topics.
{"title":"Social issues in Russia’s Arctic Zone: population self-assessement","authors":"M. L. Belonozhko, A. Silin, O. Barbakov, A. S. Gyurdzhinyan","doi":"10.7868/S0132162518040128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7868/S0132162518040128","url":null,"abstract":"The article reveals social problems associated with the development of oil and gas in Arctic region of Russia. It also justifies possibilities of their solution based on sociological studies conducted by the authors in representative surveys 2005, 2010 and 2015. Stressing the role and significance of sociological research in the general problem of the circumpolar regions’ scientific study, authors show the need for a sociological diagnosis of their results in the context of different social groups of respondents (old-timers, including representatives of indigenous ethnic groups, newcomers, shift personnel). They do so to identify characteristics of social problems inherent to the Arctic region and requirements for scientific support of possible technologies to solve them. The authors studied the Northern specificity of the life quality in oil and gas Arctic region of Russia, the conditions of life of indigenous peoples, of shift workers who lead the mobile multi local way of life, and other social groups of participants who develop this territory. They draw conclusions about necessary significant strengthening of sociological and informational scientific support for planned Arctic projects and offer a methodological approach to the selection of the most relevant research topics.","PeriodicalId":85741,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of sociological studies","volume":"3 1","pages":"112-117"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80940222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-05-16DOI: 10.7868/S0132162518040062
S. Savin, E. Moskalchuk
Large-scale migration is a natural phenomenon in the life of a large city. The host country should focus on tens and even hundreds of thousands of visitors every year, taking into account ethnic and confessional features of social relations. Tolerant attitude towards migrants increases the possibility of their successful adaptation, forms an atmosphere of social harmony, creates a safe social environment. If these mechanisms do not work, spheres of social tension emerge. At any moment, they are ready to develop into conflicts, and with strong xenophobia they tend to be politicized. Of particular importance for longterm regulation of the processes of integration of migrants in the host community is attitude of young people. The article presents an analysis of the social attitudes of tolerance/intolerance of adolescents in relation to migrants and the migration problem, based on the data of the authors’ empirical study conducted in the St. Petersburg schools. Comparative characteristics of schoolchildren and adults are distinguished in terms of the perception of the degree of conflict between interethnic relations and the assessment of the problem of national unity and harmony.
{"title":"School students in St.-Petersburg: between xenophobia and tolerance","authors":"S. Savin, E. Moskalchuk","doi":"10.7868/S0132162518040062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7868/S0132162518040062","url":null,"abstract":"Large-scale migration is a natural phenomenon in the life of a large city. The host country should focus on tens and even hundreds of thousands of visitors every year, taking into account ethnic and confessional features of social relations. Tolerant attitude towards migrants increases the possibility of their successful adaptation, forms an atmosphere of social harmony, creates a safe social environment. If these mechanisms do not work, spheres of social tension emerge. At any moment, they are ready to develop into conflicts, and with strong xenophobia they tend to be politicized. Of particular importance for longterm regulation of the processes of integration of migrants in the host community is attitude of young people. The article presents an analysis of the social attitudes of tolerance/intolerance of adolescents in relation to migrants and the migration problem, based on the data of the authors’ empirical study conducted in the St. Petersburg schools. Comparative characteristics of schoolchildren and adults are distinguished in terms of the perception of the degree of conflict between interethnic relations and the assessment of the problem of national unity and harmony.","PeriodicalId":85741,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of sociological studies","volume":"2000 1","pages":"54-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78101352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-05-16DOI: 10.7868/S0132162518040074
T. Blinova, A. Vyalshina
The paper presents the results of a study of the structure of informally employed Russian youth aged 16–24 and 25–29. On the basis of the approaches existing in the Russian and foreign literature, groups of informal people in the field of youth employment were distinguished. The paper contains a comparative analysis of the socio-demographic characteristics of the selected groups and their social well-being due, inter alia, to the status of the informally employed. The obtained data enabled to assess the degree of satisfaction with the employment, life and material situation of the different groups of informally employed young people, to find out their attitude towards the opportunity of setting up their own business and their intention to continue vocational training. Comparison of the employment preferences, anxieties and expectations of the different groups of informally employed young people indicates that they are considerably different and highly socially heterogeneous. It is concluded that there should be more incentives for creating modern jobs and decent working conditions in the formal sector of the economy, which would bring higher returns, than increasing the legal responsibility for informally employed youth. The information base of the study is the results of the 24th wave of the Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey – National Research University Higher School of Economics (RLMS-HSE).
{"title":"Structure of informal employment of youth in the Russian labor market","authors":"T. Blinova, A. Vyalshina","doi":"10.7868/S0132162518040074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7868/S0132162518040074","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents the results of a study of the structure of informally employed Russian youth aged 16–24 and 25–29. On the basis of the approaches existing in the Russian and foreign literature, groups of informal people in the field of youth employment were distinguished. The paper contains a comparative analysis of the socio-demographic characteristics of the selected groups and their social well-being due, inter alia, to the status of the informally employed. The obtained data enabled to assess the degree of satisfaction with the employment, life and material situation of the different groups of informally employed young people, to find out their attitude towards the opportunity of setting up their own business and their intention to continue vocational training. Comparison of the employment preferences, anxieties and expectations of the different groups of informally employed young people indicates that they are considerably different and highly socially heterogeneous. It is concluded that there should be more incentives for creating modern jobs and decent working conditions in the formal sector of the economy, which would bring higher returns, than increasing the legal responsibility for informally employed youth. The information base of the study is the results of the 24th wave of the Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey – National Research University Higher School of Economics (RLMS-HSE).","PeriodicalId":85741,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of sociological studies","volume":"246 1","pages":"61-72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83491104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-05-16DOI: 10.7868/S013216251804013X
S. Maksimova, M. Akulich, V. V. Pit
The article presents analyses of social sentiments in the regions where nuclear power stations are located based on 2014 and 2015 monitoring data. The attitude of the population to the nuclear power industry, the level of its social accept‑ ability, the role of the NPP in the social and economic development of the region and the degree of public awareness of the activities of nuclear power plants are analyzed. The studied territories’ population generally supports the existence and devel‑ opment of enterprises engaged in the production of electricity using nuclear technologies, perceiving them as a way to ensure our country’s energy resources. Conclusions are drawn about the differential nature of the integral index of social acceptability of nuclear energy. Public opinion in the regions and cities of the location of nuclear power plants is heterogeneous and is based on the perception and assessment of the ratio of objective and subjective risk and safety in living conditions near technologically hazardous industries. This opinion is also based on objective knowledge about modern achievements of nuclear energy and on the trust in the professionalism and responsibility of specialists working in the nuclear industry.
{"title":"Social mood in the regions of nuclear power plants","authors":"S. Maksimova, M. Akulich, V. V. Pit","doi":"10.7868/S013216251804013X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7868/S013216251804013X","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents analyses of social sentiments in the regions where nuclear power stations are located based on 2014 and 2015 monitoring data. The attitude of the population to the nuclear power industry, the level of its social accept‑ ability, the role of the NPP in the social and economic development of the region and the degree of public awareness of the activities of nuclear power plants are analyzed. The studied territories’ population generally supports the existence and devel‑ opment of enterprises engaged in the production of electricity using nuclear technologies, perceiving them as a way to ensure our country’s energy resources. Conclusions are drawn about the differential nature of the integral index of social acceptability of nuclear energy. Public opinion in the regions and cities of the location of nuclear power plants is heterogeneous and is based on the perception and assessment of the ratio of objective and subjective risk and safety in living conditions near technologically hazardous industries. This opinion is also based on objective knowledge about modern achievements of nuclear energy and on the trust in the professionalism and responsibility of specialists working in the nuclear industry.","PeriodicalId":85741,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of sociological studies","volume":"20 1","pages":"118-126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80213092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-05-16DOI: 10.7868/S0132162518040153
G. Tartygasheva, T. M. Tsybikov
Тhe article analyzes experiences of designing socio-cultural changes at the regional and municipal levels in Buryatia. The main task of socio-cultural design is to create the space for a comfortable harmonious living, self-expression and self-realization of the people. The side effects of reforming the sphere of culture are a massive reduction of rural cultural institutions thus further exacerbating the socio-cultural situation and reducing the quality of life of provincial residents. Ideas of decentralization, multiobjectivity and freedom are, in practice, difficult to realize because of widespread paternalistic values among the population and inherited social obligations to the Russian state. In our country, state authorities and budgetary cultural institutions continue to shape and implement cultural policy, with an underdeveloped civil society and weak participation of other subjects of socio-cultural processes. According to the panel sociological survey “Actual problems of reforming municipal institutions of culture of the Republic of Buryatia”, most experts participating in the study from 2012 to 2016, consider that the former (centralized) system of management and financing of the sphere of culture is not a relic and an outdated model of the organization of a sociocultural space, but on the contrary, the most transferring, which allows achieving significant creative successes and positive socio-cultural changes based on high professional standards. The state, first of all, should be interested in preserving and multiplying Soviet heritage, this productive model.
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