Atmospheric Pollution Research最新文献_第9页

Analysis of atmospheric pollution transport using aerosol optical depth remote sensing data and the optical flow method

IF 3.9 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Atmospheric Pollution Research

Pub Date : 2025-01-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.apr.2025.102415

Botao He , Xi Lu , Yong Xue , Wenhao Liu , Shuhui Wu , Peng Wang , Pei Li , Liying Han

Atmospheric aerosols comprise suspended particulate matter that plays a pivotal role in climate change and air quality assessments. Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) serves as a critical parameter in characterizing aerosols' optical properties, strongly correlated with near-surface particulate concentrations. With the ongoing industrialization and urbanization, air pollution has escalated significantly. While local emissions contribute to some urban air pollution events, a substantial portion results from the cross-regional transport of pollutants from neighboring urban areas. Current scientific methods for studying cross-regional air pollution transport heavily rely on models, necessitating extensive data preparation and meticulous processing. This paper addresses urban air pollution control challenges by proposing a method based on the optical flow principle from computer vision, specifically tailored to practical needs. An approach utilizing the multiscale pyramid HS variational optical flow method was used to analyze a severe regional pollution event in the border area of Jiangsu, Shandong, Anhui, and Henan provinces (Hereinafter referred to as SLWY region), China, occurring from January 11 to 13, 2020. Detailed analysis of the pollution transport process during this event demonstrates that the multiscale pyramid HS variational optical flow method accurately captures real-time pollution transport dynamics, providing valuable data support for further analysis by relevant governmental management departments.

{"title":"Analysis of atmospheric pollution transport using aerosol optical depth remote sensing data and the optical flow method","authors":"Botao He , Xi Lu , Yong Xue , Wenhao Liu , Shuhui Wu , Peng Wang , Pei Li , Liying Han","doi":"10.1016/j.apr.2025.102415","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apr.2025.102415","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Atmospheric aerosols comprise suspended particulate matter that plays a pivotal role in climate change and air quality assessments. Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) serves as a critical parameter in characterizing aerosols' optical properties, strongly correlated with near-surface particulate concentrations. With the ongoing industrialization and urbanization, air pollution has escalated significantly. While local emissions contribute to some urban air pollution events, a substantial portion results from the cross-regional transport of pollutants from neighboring urban areas. Current scientific methods for studying cross-regional air pollution transport heavily rely on models, necessitating extensive data preparation and meticulous processing. This paper addresses urban air pollution control challenges by proposing a method based on the optical flow principle from computer vision, specifically tailored to practical needs. An approach utilizing the multiscale pyramid HS variational optical flow method was used to analyze a severe regional pollution event in the border area of Jiangsu, Shandong, Anhui, and Henan provinces (Hereinafter referred to as SLWY region), China, occurring from January 11 to 13, 2020. Detailed analysis of the pollution transport process during this event demonstrates that the multiscale pyramid HS variational optical flow method accurately captures real-time pollution transport dynamics, providing valuable data support for further analysis by relevant governmental management departments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8604,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Pollution Research","volume":"16 3","pages":"Article 102415"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143174240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Associations between ambient air pollutants and mortality from respiratory and cardiovascular diseases in the Shandong Peninsula urban agglomeration, China: A distributed lag non-linear model analysis

IF 3.9 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Atmospheric Pollution Research

Pub Date : 2025-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.apr.2025.102416

Qian Liang , Min Chen , Xinglu Wu , Yanqing Yang , Xin Xu , Qiyong Liu , Jing Li

Air pollution is a significant global health challenge, particularly for respiratory diseases (RD) and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). This study examines the links between ambient air pollutants and mortality from these diseases in the Shandong Peninsula urban cluster, China (including Jinan, Qingdao, Weifang, Zibo, Yantai, Weihai, Rizhao, and Dongying). Daily data on air pollutants, meteorological parameters, and RD and CVD mortality were collected from the eight cities. A distributed lag non-linear model with quasi-Poisson regression was used to assess both single-day and cumulative lag effects of pollutants on mortality in each city. A meta-analysis investigated the combined effects of air pollutants on mortality. The results suggest significant relative risks (RR) for PM_2.5, PM₁₀, and NO₂ in Jinan, Zibo, and Qingdao concerning RD and CVD mortality. In contrast, Rizhao, Weihai, Weifang, Dongying, and Yantai did not achieve statistical significance. The meta-analysis reveals that, with a cumulative lag of 7 days, the effects of PM_2.5, PM₁₀, and NO₂ significantly influence mortality. The estimated RRs for RD were 0.88 (0.84, 0.93) for PM_2.5, 0.92 (0.88, 0.96) for PM₁₀, and 0.72 (0.64, 0.81) for NO₂, respectively. For CVD, the RRs were 0.92 (0.89, 0.95), 0.95 (0.92, 0.98), and 0.83 (0.74, 0.93). Notably, the Q-test showed significant heterogeneity in the effects across different cities, while SO₂ generally did not exhibit significant effects. These findings confirm the links between air pollution and mortality from RD and CVD diseases in specific cities and across the Shandong Peninsula, highlighting the urgent need for locally tailored public health policies.

{"title":"Associations between ambient air pollutants and mortality from respiratory and cardiovascular diseases in the Shandong Peninsula urban agglomeration, China: A distributed lag non-linear model analysis","authors":"Qian Liang , Min Chen , Xinglu Wu , Yanqing Yang , Xin Xu , Qiyong Liu , Jing Li","doi":"10.1016/j.apr.2025.102416","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apr.2025.102416","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Air pollution is a significant global health challenge, particularly for respiratory diseases (RD) and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). This study examines the links between ambient air pollutants and mortality from these diseases in the Shandong Peninsula urban cluster, China (including Jinan, Qingdao, Weifang, Zibo, Yantai, Weihai, Rizhao, and Dongying). Daily data on air pollutants, meteorological parameters, and RD and CVD mortality were collected from the eight cities. A distributed lag non-linear model with quasi-Poisson regression was used to assess both single-day and cumulative lag effects of pollutants on mortality in each city. A meta-analysis investigated the combined effects of air pollutants on mortality. The results suggest significant relative risks (RR) for PM<sub>2.5</sub>, PM<sub>10</sub>, and NO<sub>2</sub> in Jinan, Zibo, and Qingdao concerning RD and CVD mortality. In contrast, Rizhao, Weihai, Weifang, Dongying, and Yantai did not achieve statistical significance. The meta-analysis reveals that, with a cumulative lag of 7 days, the effects of PM<sub>2.5</sub>, PM<sub>10</sub>, and NO<sub>2</sub> significantly influence mortality. The estimated RRs for RD were 0.88 (0.84, 0.93) for PM<sub>2.5</sub>, 0.92 (0.88, 0.96) for PM<sub>10</sub>, and 0.72 (0.64, 0.81) for NO<sub>2</sub>, respectively. For CVD, the RRs were 0.92 (0.89, 0.95), 0.95 (0.92, 0.98), and 0.83 (0.74, 0.93). Notably, the Q-test showed significant heterogeneity in the effects across different cities, while SO<sub>2</sub> generally did not exhibit significant effects. These findings confirm the links between air pollution and mortality from RD and CVD diseases in specific cities and across the Shandong Peninsula, highlighting the urgent need for locally tailored public health policies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8604,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Pollution Research","volume":"16 4","pages":"Article 102416"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143158288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of year-round bioaerosol emissions and quantitative health risk assessment at a municipal solid waste disposal facility

IF 3.9 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Atmospheric Pollution Research

Pub Date : 2025-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.apr.2025.102412

Pinar Sarioglu , Orçun Toksöz , Gamze Kurtuluş , Cenk Sesal , Bulent Mertoglu , Kozet Yapsakli

Bioaerosol exposure is a significant health risk for workers in solid waste disposal facilities, yet data on their seasonal variability and exposure risks remain limited. This study comprehensively assesses bacterial and fungal bioaerosols at a Solid Waste Disposal Facility in Istanbul, focusing on critical zones such as the landfill, biomethanization unit, and landfill leachate treatment plant. Seasonal air samples were collected using an Anderson cascade impactor, and the results showed that bioaerosol concentrations were highest in the landfill area, equalization tank, and bioprocess tanks during spring. Indoor bacterial bioaerosols consistently exceeded permissible levels throughout the year. Meteorological factors significantly influence bioaerosol levels, including ventilation coefficient and boundary layer height. Morphological analysis provided insights into various bacterial and fungal species. Employees' exposure risks were assessed using time-weighted average concentrations for the first time, and employees' individual differences provided realistic hazard quotient values. A questionnaire evaluating employees' attitudes toward biological risks and personal protective equipment usage emphasized gaps in awareness and behaviour. These findings highlighted the need for risk management strategies, such as improved ventilation systems, optimized work schedules, and training programs to promote consistent personal protective equipment use, especially N95 masks. The results contribute to developing measures to minimize bioaerosol exposure and protect employees' health in similar facilities worldwide.

{"title":"Evaluation of year-round bioaerosol emissions and quantitative health risk assessment at a municipal solid waste disposal facility","authors":"Pinar Sarioglu , Orçun Toksöz , Gamze Kurtuluş , Cenk Sesal , Bulent Mertoglu , Kozet Yapsakli","doi":"10.1016/j.apr.2025.102412","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apr.2025.102412","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bioaerosol exposure is a significant health risk for workers in solid waste disposal facilities, yet data on their seasonal variability and exposure risks remain limited. This study comprehensively assesses bacterial and fungal bioaerosols at a Solid Waste Disposal Facility in Istanbul, focusing on critical zones such as the landfill, biomethanization unit, and landfill leachate treatment plant. Seasonal air samples were collected using an Anderson cascade impactor, and the results showed that bioaerosol concentrations were highest in the landfill area, equalization tank, and bioprocess tanks during spring. Indoor bacterial bioaerosols consistently exceeded permissible levels throughout the year. Meteorological factors significantly influence bioaerosol levels, including ventilation coefficient and boundary layer height. Morphological analysis provided insights into various bacterial and fungal species. Employees' exposure risks were assessed using time-weighted average concentrations for the first time, and employees' individual differences provided realistic hazard quotient values. A questionnaire evaluating employees' attitudes toward biological risks and personal protective equipment usage emphasized gaps in awareness and behaviour. These findings highlighted the need for risk management strategies, such as improved ventilation systems, optimized work schedules, and training programs to promote consistent personal protective equipment use, especially N95 masks. The results contribute to developing measures to minimize bioaerosol exposure and protect employees' health in similar facilities worldwide.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8604,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Pollution Research","volume":"16 3","pages":"Article 102412"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143174262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Air pollution prediction based on optimized deep learning neural networks: PSO-LSTM

IF 3.9 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Atmospheric Pollution Research

Pub Date : 2025-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.apr.2025.102413

Ming Chen , Pengcheng Xu , Zepeng Liu , Fang Liu , Haiqiu Zhang , Shoulei Miao

Advancements in computer technology have facilitated the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) deep learning method's superiority over traditional machine learning techniques in predicting air pollutant concentrations. However, prediction accuracy is often undermined by reliance on empirical experience for hyper-parameter settings. This paper introduces a PSO-LSTM model, that combines a Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm with a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) neural network to predict the concentrations of PM_2.5, PM₁₀ and O₃. The PSO-LSTM model was evaluated against a Random Forest (RF) model and standard LSTM model. In PM_2.5 prediction, the PSO-LSTM's R² value was the highest, showing improvements of 11.3% and 10.39% compared with the RF and LSTM models, respectively. For PM₁₀ prediction, R² values saw increases of 11.2% and 11.98%, respectively. In O₃ prediction, R² values rose by 10.39% and 10.69%, respectively. The relative errors between the predicted and actual concentrations of particulate matter and ozone 7 h ahead were 0.2, 0.3 and 0.25, respectively, indicating robust predictive performance.

{"title":"Air pollution prediction based on optimized deep learning neural networks: PSO-LSTM","authors":"Ming Chen , Pengcheng Xu , Zepeng Liu , Fang Liu , Haiqiu Zhang , Shoulei Miao","doi":"10.1016/j.apr.2025.102413","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apr.2025.102413","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Advancements in computer technology have facilitated the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) deep learning method's superiority over traditional machine learning techniques in predicting air pollutant concentrations. However, prediction accuracy is often undermined by reliance on empirical experience for hyper-parameter settings. This paper introduces a PSO-LSTM model, that combines a Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm with a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) neural network to predict the concentrations of PM<sub>2.5</sub>, PM<sub>10</sub> and O<sub>3</sub>. The PSO-LSTM model was evaluated against a Random Forest (RF) model and standard LSTM model. In PM<sub>2.5</sub> prediction, the PSO-LSTM's R<sup>2</sup> value was the highest, showing improvements of 11.3% and 10.39% compared with the RF and LSTM models, respectively. For PM<sub>10</sub> prediction, R<sup>2</sup> values saw increases of 11.2% and 11.98%, respectively. In O<sub>3</sub> prediction, R<sup>2</sup> values rose by 10.39% and 10.69%, respectively. The relative errors between the predicted and actual concentrations of particulate matter and ozone 7 h ahead were 0.2, 0.3 and 0.25, respectively, indicating robust predictive performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8604,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Pollution Research","volume":"16 3","pages":"Article 102413"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143174196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impact of particulate matter and heat stress on cardiovascular health during traffic exposure

IF 3.9 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Atmospheric Pollution Research

Pub Date : 2025-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.apr.2025.102410

Vennetia R. Danes , Odi R. Pinontoan , Zwingly C.J.G. Porajow , Claudia K. Simanjuntak , Friskila Pasassung , Firza A. Sunarno , Regina P. Lempas , Vickers J.R. Sumakud , Veronika Simangunsong , Mandroy Pangaribuan

This study investigates the combined effects of particulate matter (PM) and heat stress on cardiovascular health during vehicle commutes. It addresses limitations in previous research that often examined PM or heat stress in isolation. A four-day field study was conducted among healthy female students to assess cardiovascular health indices (CHI)—heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP)—under varying ventilation conditions: open windows without air conditioning, closed windows with air conditioning and recirculating air, closed windows with air conditioning drawing in outside air, and open windows with air conditioning. Previous studies often overlooked the interaction between PM size fractions and heat stress or ignored the impact of different ventilation scenarios. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression and ANOVA, with statistical significance set at p ≤ 0.05. PM concentrations and heat stress indices revealed significant associations between specific PM sizes (PM_0.5–0.7 μm, PM_0.7–1.0 μm, PM_1.0–2.0 μm, and PM ≥ _5.0 μm) and increased HR. PM_0.7–1.0 μm significantly influenced SBP, while larger PM sizes (PM_2.0–5.0 μm and PM ≥ _5.0 μm) affected both SBP and DBP. Heat stress indices were associated with changes in blood pressure but did not significantly affect HR. The interaction between PM and heat stress highlighted complex relationships influencing CHI. This study underscores the need for targeted public health strategies to mitigate cardiovascular risks associated with traffic-related exposures.

{"title":"Impact of particulate matter and heat stress on cardiovascular health during traffic exposure","authors":"Vennetia R. Danes , Odi R. Pinontoan , Zwingly C.J.G. Porajow , Claudia K. Simanjuntak , Friskila Pasassung , Firza A. Sunarno , Regina P. Lempas , Vickers J.R. Sumakud , Veronika Simangunsong , Mandroy Pangaribuan","doi":"10.1016/j.apr.2025.102410","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apr.2025.102410","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the combined effects of particulate matter (PM) and heat stress on cardiovascular health during vehicle commutes. It addresses limitations in previous research that often examined PM or heat stress in isolation. A four-day field study was conducted among healthy female students to assess cardiovascular health indices (CHI)—heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP)—under varying ventilation conditions: open windows without air conditioning, closed windows with air conditioning and recirculating air, closed windows with air conditioning drawing in outside air, and open windows with air conditioning. Previous studies often overlooked the interaction between PM size fractions and heat stress or ignored the impact of different ventilation scenarios. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression and ANOVA, with statistical significance set at p ≤ 0.05. PM concentrations and heat stress indices revealed significant associations between specific PM sizes (PM<sub>0.5–0.7</sub> μm, PM<sub>0.7–1.0</sub> μm, PM<sub>1.0–2.0</sub> μm, and PM ≥ <sub>5.0</sub> μm) and increased HR. PM<sub>0.7–1.0</sub> μm significantly influenced SBP, while larger PM sizes (PM<sub>2.0–5.0</sub> μm and PM ≥ <sub>5.0</sub> μm) affected both SBP and DBP. Heat stress indices were associated with changes in blood pressure but did not significantly affect HR. The interaction between PM and heat stress highlighted complex relationships influencing CHI. This study underscores the need for targeted public health strategies to mitigate cardiovascular risks associated with traffic-related exposures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8604,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Pollution Research","volume":"16 3","pages":"Article 102410"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143173711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Study on the characteristics of sulfate ion in condensable particulate matter from sewage sludge co-combustion in coal-fired power plants

IF 3.9 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Atmospheric Pollution Research

Pub Date : 2025-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.apr.2025.102414

Ke Zhuang , Yaoyu Zhang , Tong Wu , Liu Yang , Zhongyi Sheng

Numerous environmental issues arose from the presence of Sulfate ions (SO₄²⁻) in condensable particulate matter (CPM) emitted during the co-combustion of sewage sludge (SS) with coal in power plants, exacerbating ecological concerns. In this work, the characteristics of SO₄²⁻ in CPM in sludge-mixed coal-fired power plants were discussed through fast condensation simulation experiments. The results demonstrated that the decrease of temperature was conducive to the conversion of SO₂ to SO₄²⁻, such as the highest value (18.99 mg/Nm³) had occurred at a condensation temperature of 5 °C in the SO₂-NOx-NH₃ system. The conversion of SO₃ to SO₄²⁻ showed a volcanic-shape curve as the temperature increased. The simultaneous presence of SO₂ and SO₃ synergistically promoted the formation of SO₄²⁻ in CPM due to the enhancement of heterogeneous reaction of SO₂. The addition of H₂O enhanced the heterogeneous reaction and was associated with Stefan flow into the droplet and OH⁻ generation. The presence of HCl promoted the generation of SO₄²⁻ in CPM and the total SO₄²⁻ concentration increased by 49%–164% in the SO₂ system. The presence of HCl caused a change in the morphological characteristics of CPM due to the modification the interparticle forces within the clusters caused by the disruption of the N-H bond. These results furnish comprehensive theoretical foundations and empirical data support essential for the development and enhancement of CPM control strategies.

{"title":"Study on the characteristics of sulfate ion in condensable particulate matter from sewage sludge co-combustion in coal-fired power plants","authors":"Ke Zhuang , Yaoyu Zhang , Tong Wu , Liu Yang , Zhongyi Sheng","doi":"10.1016/j.apr.2025.102414","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apr.2025.102414","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Numerous environmental issues arose from the presence of Sulfate ions (SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup>) in condensable particulate matter (CPM) emitted during the co-combustion of sewage sludge (SS) with coal in power plants, exacerbating ecological concerns. In this work, the characteristics of SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup> in CPM in sludge-mixed coal-fired power plants were discussed through fast condensation simulation experiments. The results demonstrated that the decrease of temperature was conducive to the conversion of SO<sub>2</sub> to SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup>, such as the highest value (18.99 mg/Nm<sup>3</sup>) had occurred at a condensation temperature of 5 °C in the SO<sub>2</sub>-NOx-NH<sub>3</sub> system. The conversion of SO<sub>3</sub> to SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup> showed a volcanic-shape curve as the temperature increased. The simultaneous presence of SO<sub>2</sub> and SO<sub>3</sub> synergistically promoted the formation of SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup> in CPM due to the enhancement of heterogeneous reaction of SO<sub>2</sub>. The addition of H<sub>2</sub>O enhanced the heterogeneous reaction and was associated with Stefan flow into the droplet and OH<sup>−</sup> generation. The presence of HCl promoted the generation of SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup> in CPM and the total SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup> concentration increased by 49%–164% in the SO<sub>2</sub> system. The presence of HCl caused a change in the morphological characteristics of CPM due to the modification the interparticle forces within the clusters caused by the disruption of the N-H bond. These results furnish comprehensive theoretical foundations and empirical data support essential for the development and enhancement of CPM control strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8604,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Pollution Research","volume":"16 3","pages":"Article 102414"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143174263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Analysis of atmospheric conditions responsible for an ozone exceedance event in southeast Virginia on June 15, 2022

IF 3.9 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Atmospheric Pollution Research

Pub Date : 2025-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.apr.2025.102409

Daniel B. Phoenix , Timothy A. Berkoff , Guillaume P. Gronoff , Daniel Salkovitz , Claudia Bernier , K. Emma Knowland , John T. Sullivan , Laurence W. Twigg , Maurice Roots , Travis Knepp

On June 15, 2022, a Virginia Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) monitoring site in a rural area of southeast Virginia recorded its first ozone exceedance since 2016. On this day, the daily maximum 8-h average surface ozone concentration reached 75 ppb with a 1-h maximum ozone concentration of 82 ppb measured at 17:00 UTC. In this analysis, we utilize various observational data and models to determine the atmospheric conditions responsible for this ozone exceedance event. To do this, we (1) evaluate the accuracy of the Goddard Earth Observing System Composition Forecasting (GEOS-CF) and Weather Research and Forecasting with Chemistry (WRF-Chem) model forecasts for these conditions and (2) use them to investigate the mechanisms responsible for the high surface ozone at the Virginia DEQ monitoring site.

Comparisons of model forecasted ozone with measured ozone by lidars from the Tropospheric Ozone Lidar Network (TOLNet) at NASA Langley and NASA Goddard reveal that both models forecasted ozone reasonably well near the surface. Observational data show an upper-level ridge and surface anticyclone over the eastern United States on June 14 and 15. Back trajectory calculations using the Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory model (HYSPLIT) and model data suggest that a low-level plume of polluted air from the New York City/New Jersey region was transported along the east coast, arriving in southeast Virginia around 10:00 UTC on June 15. This plume quickly mixed down to the surface throughout the morning, elevating the surface ozone concentration as well as the concentrations of several precursor species.

{"title":"Analysis of atmospheric conditions responsible for an ozone exceedance event in southeast Virginia on June 15, 2022","authors":"Daniel B. Phoenix , Timothy A. Berkoff , Guillaume P. Gronoff , Daniel Salkovitz , Claudia Bernier , K. Emma Knowland , John T. Sullivan , Laurence W. Twigg , Maurice Roots , Travis Knepp","doi":"10.1016/j.apr.2025.102409","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apr.2025.102409","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>On June 15, 2022, a Virginia Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) monitoring site in a rural area of southeast Virginia recorded its first ozone exceedance since 2016. On this day, the daily maximum 8-h average surface ozone concentration reached 75 ppb with a 1-h maximum ozone concentration of 82 ppb measured at 17:00 UTC. In this analysis, we utilize various observational data and models to determine the atmospheric conditions responsible for this ozone exceedance event. To do this, we (1) evaluate the accuracy of the Goddard Earth Observing System Composition Forecasting (GEOS-CF) and Weather Research and Forecasting with Chemistry (WRF-Chem) model forecasts for these conditions and (2) use them to investigate the mechanisms responsible for the high surface ozone at the Virginia DEQ monitoring site.</div><div>Comparisons of model forecasted ozone with measured ozone by lidars from the Tropospheric Ozone Lidar Network (TOLNet) at NASA Langley and NASA Goddard reveal that both models forecasted ozone reasonably well near the surface. Observational data show an upper-level ridge and surface anticyclone over the eastern United States on June 14 and 15. Back trajectory calculations using the Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory model (HYSPLIT) and model data suggest that a low-level plume of polluted air from the New York City/New Jersey region was transported along the east coast, arriving in southeast Virginia around 10:00 UTC on June 15. This plume quickly mixed down to the surface throughout the morning, elevating the surface ozone concentration as well as the concentrations of several precursor species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8604,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Pollution Research","volume":"16 3","pages":"Article 102409"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143174242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Positive correlations between 137Cs and fungal tracers in Fukushima aerosols: Implication for enhanced nighttime fungal spore emission with radioactivity from forest soil to the atmosphere

IF 3.9 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Atmospheric Pollution Research

Pub Date : 2025-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.apr.2025.102407

Kimitaka Kawamura , Bhagawati Kunwar , Kazuyuki Kita , Naho Hayashi , Yasuhito Igarashi

Higher atmospheric levels of ¹³⁷Cs were often observed during and after rain event in the forest areas of northeast Japan even a decade after a nuclear plant accident that occurred in 2011 at Fukushima. Our previous study of Fukushima aerosols demonstrated that after 7 years of the nuclear accident, ¹³⁷Cs levels are high in ambient aerosols from some areas of Fukushima. We presumed that radionuclides deposited over soil are emited to the atmosphere by biogeochemcal processes. Fungi are suspected to uptake various metals including potassium and ¹³⁷Cs from soil using the soil network system and emit their spores with ¹³⁷Cs, although correlations between ¹³⁷Cs and fungal spore tracers are not always good in part because of the sampling strategy (day and night sample collection for four days using several sampers). To prove the hypothesis with clear understanding, we re-collected aerosol samples (day 6:00–18:00 and night 18:00–6:00, n = 54) from Namie-cho in Fukushima during two seasons (spring and autumn) in 2019 for the measurements of ¹³⁷Cs and fungal sugar compounds. We found high levels of fungal spore tracers (arabitol, mannitol and trehalose) in the aerosol samples with positive correlations with ¹³⁷Cs. Interestingly, the correlations are stronger in nighttime than daytime, suggesting that fungi emit more fungal spores at night to the atmospehre together with ¹³⁷Cs under enhanced relative humidity conditions due to decreased ambient temperature in nighttime. This study demonstrates that fungal spore emission in the soil/air interface plays an important role in ehnancing the levels of ¹³⁷Cs under favarable biological and meteorological conditions. (250)

{"title":"Positive correlations between 137Cs and fungal tracers in Fukushima aerosols: Implication for enhanced nighttime fungal spore emission with radioactivity from forest soil to the atmosphere","authors":"Kimitaka Kawamura , Bhagawati Kunwar , Kazuyuki Kita , Naho Hayashi , Yasuhito Igarashi","doi":"10.1016/j.apr.2025.102407","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apr.2025.102407","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Higher atmospheric levels of <sup>137</sup>Cs were often observed during and after rain event in the forest areas of northeast Japan even a decade after a nuclear plant accident that occurred in 2011 at Fukushima. Our previous study of Fukushima aerosols demonstrated that after 7 years of the nuclear accident, <sup>137</sup>Cs levels are high in ambient aerosols from some areas of Fukushima. We presumed that radionuclides deposited over soil are emited to the atmosphere by biogeochemcal processes. Fungi are suspected to uptake various metals including potassium and <sup>137</sup>Cs from soil using the soil network system and emit their spores with <sup>137</sup>Cs, although correlations between <sup>137</sup>Cs and fungal spore tracers are not always good in part because of the sampling strategy (day and night sample collection for four days using several sampers). To prove the hypothesis with clear understanding, we re-collected aerosol samples (day 6:00–18:00 and night 18:00–6:00, n = 54) from Namie-cho in Fukushima during two seasons (spring and autumn) in 2019 for the measurements of <sup>137</sup>Cs and fungal sugar compounds. We found high levels of fungal spore tracers (arabitol, mannitol and trehalose) in the aerosol samples with positive correlations with <sup>137</sup>Cs. Interestingly, the correlations are stronger in nighttime than daytime, suggesting that fungi emit more fungal spores at night to the atmospehre together with <sup>137</sup>Cs under enhanced relative humidity conditions due to decreased ambient temperature in nighttime. This study demonstrates that fungal spore emission in the soil/air interface plays an important role in ehnancing the levels of <sup>137</sup>Cs under favarable biological and meteorological conditions. (250)</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8604,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Pollution Research","volume":"16 3","pages":"Article 102407"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143173709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Characterization of PM2.5 composition and mixing state during haze events in Chengdu using Micro-Raman spectroscopy

IF 3.9 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Atmospheric Pollution Research

Pub Date : 2025-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.apr.2025.102411

Feiyue Xing , Xuemei Xu , Zhangmei Hu , Xiang Wen , Weiman Duan , Xiaobing Pang , Meikun Fan

Chengdu, one of China's megacities, frequently experiences severe air pollution, particularly during winter haze events, due to its unique topography and rapid urbanization. This study utilizes micro-Raman spectroscopy to provide a detailed physicochemical characterization of individual PM_2.5 particles collected during haze events in Chengdu. The analysis revealed the presence of soot, nitrates, sulfates, Ca-salt minerals, and microplastics. Soot-containing particles, identified as the most abundant component, exhibited diverse Raman spectra and microscopic morphologies. The mixing state analysis showed that soot particles were predominantly mixed with inorganic and organic components. Calcium salt-containing particles were identified in various forms, including CaCO₃, CaSO₄, Ca(NO₃)₂, and their hydrates, differing slightly from other regions such as Beijing. The main components of the inorganic oxide-containing particles matter were found to be TiO₂, PbO, and aluminum silicates. Additionally, the detection of microplastics such as polyethylene (PE) and polystyrene (PS) in the PM_2.5 samples highlights the evolving nature of urban air pollution in Chengdu. These findings underscore the effectiveness of micro-Raman spectroscopy in providing detailed insights into the composition, mixing state, and aging mechanisms of atmospheric particles at the single-particle level.

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引用次数: 0

Absorption properties of black carbon and sulfate aerosol particles at short wavelengths

IF 3.9 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Atmospheric Pollution Research

Pub Date : 2025-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.apr.2025.102405

Qianjun Mao , Yunlu Tan

The absorption of short wavelengths radiation by black carbon (BC) aerosols plays a critical role in the atmospheric radiation balance. However, the mixing of BC with other atmospheric substances significantly alters its light absorption properties. Detailed studies on the mechanisms through which coatings enhance BC absorption are still limited. This study employs the finite element method to investigate the effects of key parameters (sulfate volume fraction, particles' shape, and eccentricity distance) on the absorption properties of black carbon within the 400–1100 nm wavelength range. The analysis is based on a physical model of core-shell aerosol particles composed of black carbon and sulfate. Also, the study explores the sensitivity of black carbon's absorption properties to variations in refractive index. The results are validated with Mie theory to ensure accuracy and reliability. The results indicate that the absorption enhancement of spherical black carbon reaches a maximum of 1.74–2.11 times when the sulfate volume fraction is 0.90. For ellipsoidal black carbon, the maximum absorption enhancement ranges from 1.71 to 2.20 times when the sulfate radius is 220 nm. At equivalent volumes, ellipsoidal black carbon exhibits stronger absorption compared to its spherical counterpart. Furthermore, increasing the eccentricity distance significantly enhances the absorption of black carbon particles compared to spherical particles with a concentric structure. The enhancement increases the absorption of small, medium, and large-sized BC particles by 1.53, 1.70, and 3.04 times, respectively. Also, the imaginary part of the complex refractive index impacts the absorption efficiency in BC particles more significantly than the real part. This study further elucidates the mechanism behind the enhanced absorption of BC by coatings. The findings have important implications for refining aerosol models.

{"title":"Absorption properties of black carbon and sulfate aerosol particles at short wavelengths","authors":"Qianjun Mao , Yunlu Tan","doi":"10.1016/j.apr.2025.102405","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apr.2025.102405","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The absorption of short wavelengths radiation by black carbon (BC) aerosols plays a critical role in the atmospheric radiation balance. However, the mixing of BC with other atmospheric substances significantly alters its light absorption properties. Detailed studies on the mechanisms through which coatings enhance BC absorption are still limited. This study employs the finite element method to investigate the effects of key parameters (sulfate volume fraction, particles' shape, and eccentricity distance) on the absorption properties of black carbon within the 400–1100 nm wavelength range. The analysis is based on a physical model of core-shell aerosol particles composed of black carbon and sulfate. Also, the study explores the sensitivity of black carbon's absorption properties to variations in refractive index. The results are validated with Mie theory to ensure accuracy and reliability. The results indicate that the absorption enhancement of spherical black carbon reaches a maximum of 1.74–2.11 times when the sulfate volume fraction is 0.90. For ellipsoidal black carbon, the maximum absorption enhancement ranges from 1.71 to 2.20 times when the sulfate radius is 220 nm. At equivalent volumes, ellipsoidal black carbon exhibits stronger absorption compared to its spherical counterpart. Furthermore, increasing the eccentricity distance significantly enhances the absorption of black carbon particles compared to spherical particles with a concentric structure. The enhancement increases the absorption of small, medium, and large-sized BC particles by 1.53, 1.70, and 3.04 times, respectively. Also, the imaginary part of the complex refractive index impacts the absorption efficiency in BC particles more significantly than the real part. This study further elucidates the mechanism behind the enhanced absorption of BC by coatings. The findings have important implications for refining aerosol models.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8604,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Pollution Research","volume":"16 3","pages":"Article 102405"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143174237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0