Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health最新文献

英文中文

Prevention pays: Investing in Australia's health and economic future 预防有回报：投资于澳大利亚的健康和经济未来

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.anzjph.2025.100283

Jaithri Ananthapavan , Veronica Le Nevez , Suzanne Robinson , Todd Harper , Vicki Brown

引用次数: 0

Key recommendations to improve equity and access in colorectal cancer screening for rural and remote communities. A grounded theory study 改善农村和偏远社区结直肠癌筛查公平性和可及性的主要建议。有根据的理论研究。

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.anzjph.2025.100295

Nicole Marinucci , Natasha Koloski , Kate Baker , Naomi Moy , Gerald Holtmann

Objectives

To explore barriers contributing to low participation in bowel cancer screening among rural populations, while investigating community-identified recommendations to improve access.

Methods

A grounded theory approach was applied to qualitative, online, semi structured interviews. Empirical data were inductively coded with constant comparison applied across the data corpus to contextualise meaning.

Results

31 rural and remote Queenslanders participated. Theory surrounding the phenomena of low participation in bowel cancer screening highlighted broader system-level design-inhibited participation for geographically diverse populations. Pervasive themes prohibiting bowel cancer screening access stemmed from a lack of local healthcare availability across both primary care and endoscopic outpatient services as necessitated for community engagement and participation in bowel cancer screening.

Conclusion

This study highlights that access to both immunochemical faecal occult blood test (iFOBT) and follow-up colonoscopy is fraught with barriers preventing equitable access to bowel cancer screening for rural and remote communities. Consumer-driven patient navigation strategies, improved healthcare availability and adjustments to the current program design are required to mitigate program disparities.

Implications for Public Health

Elevating the voices of lived-experience experts to influence existing models of delivery has the potential to increase participation in the National Bowel Cancer Screening Program and improve health outcomes for geographically diverse populations.

目的：探讨导致农村人群肠癌筛查参与率低的障碍，同时调查社区确定的改善筛查的建议。方法：采用扎根理论方法进行定性、在线、半结构化访谈。经验数据被归纳编码，不断比较应用于整个数据语料库，以语境化意义。结果：31名农村和偏远的昆士兰人参与了调查。围绕肠癌筛查参与率低现象的理论强调了更广泛的系统级设计抑制了地理上不同人群的参与。禁止获得肠癌筛查的普遍主题源于缺乏当地医疗保健服务，包括初级保健和内窥镜门诊服务，这是社区参与和参与肠癌筛查所必需的。结论：本研究强调，在农村和偏远社区，获得免疫化学粪便隐血试验（iFOBT）和后续结肠镜检查都充满了阻碍公平获得肠癌筛查的障碍。消费者驱动的患者导航策略、改进的医疗保健可用性以及对当前计划设计的调整都需要减少计划差异。对公共卫生的影响：提高生活经验专家的声音以影响现有的分娩模式，有可能增加国家肠癌筛查计划的参与，并改善地理上不同人群的健康结果。

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引用次数: 0

Sleep quality, obesity and the risk of multimorbidity among Australian middle-aged and older adults: Evidence from a national longitudinal household survey 澳大利亚中老年人的睡眠质量、肥胖和多病风险：来自全国纵向家庭调查的证据。

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.anzjph.2025.100280

Syed Afroz Keramat , Khorshed Alam , Rabeya Basri , Aliu Mohammed , Abdul-Aziz Seidu , Bright Opoku Ahinkorah , Abdullah Al Mamun

Objective

We aim to examine whether sleep quality and obesity are important risk factors for multimorbidity among middle-aged and older adults in Australia.

Methods

We analysed 22,551 person-year observations from the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia Survey. We used fixed-effects multinomial logistic regression to explore the relationship between sleep quality and obesity with multimorbidity risk.

Results

We found that worsening an individual’s sleep quality from good to poor was linked to a 1.65-fold increase in their risk of multimorbidity (relative risk ratio: 1.65, 95% confidence interval: 1.33–2.04). Transitioning from a healthy weight to obesity was associated with a 2.28 times higher risk of developing multimorbidity (relative risk ratio: 2.28, 95% confidence interval: 1.55–3.37). We also found that transitioning from good sleep and healthy weight to poor sleep and obesity resulted in a 3.82-fold increase in their relative risk of multimorbidity (relative risk ratio: 3.82, 95% confidence interval: 2.35–6.19).

Conclusions

The findings highlight the need for public health strategies and health promotion programs to tackle these modifiable risk factors.

Implications for Public Health

A key priority should be funding evidence-based implementation research to identify the most effective ways to deliver the proven interventions for sleep health and weight management across diverse Australian communities.

目的：我们的目的是研究睡眠质量和肥胖是否是澳大利亚中老年人多病的重要危险因素。方法：我们分析了澳大利亚家庭、收入和劳动力动态调查中22551人的年观察结果。我们使用固定效应多项逻辑回归探讨睡眠质量与肥胖多病风险之间的关系。结果：我们发现，一个人的睡眠质量从良好恶化到较差，其多重疾病的风险增加了1.65倍（相对风险比：1.65,95%可信区间：1.33-2.04）。从健康体重过渡到肥胖与发生多种疾病的风险增加2.28倍相关（相对风险比：2.28,95%置信区间：1.55-3.37）。我们还发现，从良好的睡眠和健康的体重过渡到睡眠差和肥胖导致其多重疾病的相对风险增加3.82倍（相对风险比：3.82,95%置信区间：2.35-6.19）。结论：研究结果强调需要制定公共卫生策略和健康促进计划来应对这些可改变的风险因素。对公共卫生的影响：一个关键的优先事项应该是资助基于证据的实施研究，以确定最有效的方法，在澳大利亚不同社区提供经过验证的睡眠健康和体重管理干预措施。

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引用次数: 0

Feasibility and potential efficacy of Movement-Active-Physical-Play (M.A.P.P) physical activity program in New Zealand’s early childhood education centres: A pilot cluster-randomised controlled trial 运动-活跃-身体-游戏（M.A.P.P）体育活动项目在新西兰幼儿教育中心的可行性和潜在效果：一项试点集群随机对照试验

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health

Pub Date : 2025-11-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.anzjph.2025.100286

Wendy Pirie , Scott Duncan , Andrew Gibbons , Rachel Jones , Tom Stewart , Nigel Harris

Objective

To determine feasibility and potential efficacy of the M.A.P.P physical activity program in early childhood education (ECE) centres.

Method

Four ECE centres were randomised to intervention (n=2) or control (n=2). Participants included 46 children (3.9 ± 0.5 years, M = 22, F = 24), 8 female leaders, and 20 female teachers. The 10-week online M.A.P.P. intervention aimed to improve physical activity (PA) levels and the quality of movement environments. Potential efficacy was assessed using accelerometry; feasibility was explored via observations and interviews.

Results

Programme adherence was high (80%). Teachers, leaders and children reported M.A.P.P as enjoyable. No significant intervention effects were found for sedentary behaviour (β = 1.14, 95% confidence interval (CI): [-7.00, 9.27], p=0.244), light PA (β = 11.5, 95% CI: [-0.97, 23.9], p=0.367), moderate PA (β = -10.8, 95% CI: [-22.1, 0.49], p=0.685), vigorous PA (β = -1.98, 95% CI: [-6.48, 2.51], p=0.458), moderate-to-vigorous intensity PA (β = -13.5, 95% CI: [-27.1, 0.125], p=0.849).

Conclusions

M.A.P.P. is feasible in ECE centres but its effects on PA require further investigation.

Implications for public health

Supporting ECE teachers to promote PA may provide public health benefits in early childhood.

目的探讨M.A.P.P体育活动项目在幼儿教育（ECE）中心实施的可行性和潜在效果。方法4个ECE中心随机分为干预组（n=2）和对照组（n=2）。参与者包括46名儿童（3.9±0.5岁，M = 22, F = 24）， 8名女性领导，20名女教师。为期10周的在线M.A.P.P.干预旨在改善身体活动（PA）水平和运动环境质量。采用加速度计评估潜在疗效；通过观察和访谈探讨可行性。结果方案依从性高（80%）。教师、领导和孩子们都认为M.A.P.P很有趣。久坐行为（β = 1.14, 95%可信区间（CI）： [-7.00, 9.27], p=0.244）、轻度PA （β = 11.5, 95% CI: [-0.97, 23.9], p=0.367）、中度PA （β = -10.8, 95% CI: [-22.1, 0.49], p=0.685）、剧烈PA （β = -1.98, 95% CI: [-6.48, 2.51], p=0.458）、中高强度PA （β = -13.5, 95% CI: [-27.1, 0.125], p=0.849）均未发现显著干预效果。在欧洲经委会各中心是可行的，但其对PA的影响需要进一步调查。对公共卫生的启示支持幼儿教育教师推广PA可能在幼儿期提供公共卫生效益。

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引用次数: 0

Landscape analysis of prominent investors in the Australian food industry 澳大利亚食品行业著名投资者的景观分析。

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health

Pub Date : 2025-11-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.anzjph.2025.100290

Karen Hock , Benjamin Wood , Gary Sacks

Objective

Large investors have the potential to help address unhealthy diets by influencing food company nutrition practices. This study aimed to identify prominent investors in Australia’s food industry and examine how they consider nutrition as part of investment decisions.

Methods

Leading companies and their shareholders in food manufacturing, grocery retail, and fast-food sectors were identified using the Passport and Orbis databases. A desktop review of policies and voting decisions for the top 10 investors per sector was conducted from May-August 2024.

Results

A small number of investors hold substantial shares in Australia’s food industry. United States-based investors (e.g., BlackRock and Vanguard) were prominent shareholders across all sectors, with HSBC Bank holding substantial ownership in grocery retailers. Most investors did not disclose investment-related nutrition policies, and typically voted against shareholder proposals related to nutrition and health issues.

Conclusions

Prominent investors have the potential to shape Australia’s food environment, but they do not currently prioritize nutrition as part of investment decisions. Increased disclosure of investor policies, proxy voting records, and investor engagements with companies may provide opportunities to improve public health.

Implications for Public Health

Targeting large investors and the regulatory environments under which they operate may contribute to efforts to improve population diets.

目的：大型投资者有可能通过影响食品公司的营养实践来帮助解决不健康的饮食问题。本研究旨在确定澳大利亚食品行业的杰出投资者，并研究他们如何将营养作为投资决策的一部分。方法：利用Passport和Orbis数据库对食品制造、杂货零售和快餐行业的领先公司及其股东进行识别。从2024年5月到8月，对每个行业前10名投资者的政策和投票决定进行了桌面审查。结果：少数投资者持有澳大利亚食品行业的大量股份。总部位于美国的投资者（如贝莱德和先锋）是所有行业的主要股东，汇丰银行持有杂货零售商的大量股权。大多数投资者没有披露与投资有关的营养政策，而且通常对与营养和健康问题有关的股东提案投反对票。结论：杰出的投资者有潜力塑造澳大利亚的食品环境，但他们目前没有优先考虑营养作为投资决策的一部分。更多地披露投资者政策、代理投票记录以及投资者与公司的接触，可能为改善公共卫生提供机会。对公共卫生的影响：以大型投资者及其运作的监管环境为目标，可能有助于改善人口饮食。

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引用次数: 0

CDC-Ready? Now is the time to secure Australia’s epidemiology workforce capacity CDC-Ready吗?现在是确保澳大利亚流行病学工作人员能力的时候了。

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health

Pub Date : 2025-11-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.anzjph.2025.100287

Guddu Kaur , Emma Field , Kathryn Glass , Catherine King , Martyn Kirk

引用次数: 0

Mental health in aged care: A dramatic increase in absolute numbers of Australians with a mental health condition accessing home care 老年护理中的心理健康：有心理健康问题的澳大利亚人获得家庭护理的绝对人数急剧增加。

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health

Pub Date : 2025-11-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.anzjph.2025.100289

Marissa Dickins, Tanya E. Davison, Karen Smith

引用次数: 0

Optimising tuberculosis screening in high-risk groups 优化高危人群的结核病筛查

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health

Pub Date : 2025-11-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.anzjph.2025.100285

Tim Aung , Geoffrey Eather , Aleksandra Sasha Jaksic

引用次数: 0

Staying polio free: A capture-recapture analysis of acute flaccid paralysis surveillance in the Australian Capital Territory 保持无脊髓灰质炎：澳大利亚首都地区急性弛缓性麻痹监测的捕获-再捕获分析。

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.anzjph.2025.100281

Sarah E. Alland , Philip N. Britton , Bruce Thorley , Linda Hobday , Matthew Kelly , Ololade Fasugba , Margaret Wilson , Anne Morris , David N. Durrheim

Objective

Detections of acute flaccid paralysis in the Australian Capital Territory in the last decade have been lower than the target rate for polio surveillance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the case ascertainment of acute flaccid paralysis surveillance in the Australian Capital Territory to determine if cases have been under-reported.

Methods

A two-source capture-recapture analysis was designed to estimate the number of acute flaccid paralysis cases in the Australian Capital Territory population aged under 15 years from 2000 to 2021 using 1) the National Acute Flaccid Paralysis Surveillance Database (the database) and 2) Canberra Hospital inpatient records.

Results

The capture-recapture analysis estimated there were 26 acute flaccid paralysis cases in the Australian Capital Territory during this period (95% confidence interval: 8–43), with estimated 27% case ascertainment by the database.

Conclusions

Under-reporting of non-polio acute flaccid paralysis in the Australian Capital Territory was identified. Lack of awareness of acute flaccid paralysis surveillance requirements among clinicians and a lack of dedicated surveillance resources may have contributed to under-reporting. Acute flaccid paralysis reporting mechanisms should be reviewed in partnership with local clinicians to ensure that all acute flaccid paralysis cases are detected and investigated for possible poliovirus infection.

Implications for Public Health

Acute flaccid paralysis surveillance needs to be homogenously robust so that public health response can be rapidly initiated if polio is reintroduced in Australia.

目的：在过去十年中，澳大利亚首都地区急性弛缓性麻痹的检出率低于脊髓灰质炎监测的目标率。本研究的目的是评估澳大利亚首都地区急性弛缓性麻痹监测的病例确定情况，以确定病例是否有漏报。方法：采用双源捕获-再捕获分析，利用1)国家急性弛缓性麻痹监测数据库（数据库）和2)堪培拉医院住院记录，估计2000年至2021年澳大利亚首都地区15岁以下人口中急性弛缓性麻痹病例的数量。结果：捕获-再捕获分析估计，在此期间澳大利亚首都地区有26例急性弛缓性麻痹病例（95%置信区间：8-43），数据库估计确定了27%的病例。结论：确定了澳大利亚首都地区非脊髓灰质炎急性弛缓性麻痹的漏报。临床医生缺乏对急性弛缓性麻痹监测要求的认识和缺乏专门的监测资源可能导致报告不足。应与当地临床医生合作审查急性弛缓性麻痹的报告机制，以确保发现所有急性弛缓性麻痹病例并调查可能的脊髓灰质炎病毒感染。对公共卫生的影响：急性弛缓性麻痹的监测需要同样强有力，以便在澳大利亚再次出现脊髓灰质炎时能够迅速启动公共卫生反应。

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引用次数: 0

Changes in the retail availability of vapes through brick-and-mortar vape stores and convenience stores in Western Australia following legislative reforms 立法改革后，西澳大利亚州实体电子烟商店和便利店电子烟零售供应的变化。

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.anzjph.2025.100268

Matthew Tuson, Lisa Wood, Angela Gazey

Objective

Monitor the operational status and vape selling practices of ‘brick-and-mortar’ vape stores and convenience stores in Western Australia (WA) during the phasing in of the Australian federal vaping reforms in 2024.

Methods

A previous online audit identified 194 physical vape stores in WA in January 2023 (baseline). In June–September 2024, this audit was repeated to ascertain operational status and evidence of vape sales from those stores, complemented by in-person observational visits to a subset of stores and inner Perth convenience stores.

Results

In June 2024, 16 baseline stores had closed, with others advertising that they would soon follow suit. However, some new stores had opened and vape-related imagery and advertising remained prominent. By September 2024, almost all (n=193, 99%) of the baseline stores had closed (n=117) or were exhibiting no evidence of vape sales (n=76). Meanwhile, vapes were readily available at convenience stores, albeit with reduced overt visibility by September.

Conclusions

The decline in physical vape stores in WA during 2024 coincided with the phasing in of the reforms. However, availability at convenience stores remains a challenge.

Implications for Public Health

Reduced physical availability of vapes enhances de-normalisation of vaping but requires effective enforcement and monitoring to be sustainable.

目的：在2024年澳大利亚联邦电子烟改革的分阶段实施期间，监测西澳大利亚州（WA）“实体”电子烟商店和便利店的经营状况和电子烟销售做法。方法：先前的在线审计在2023年1月确定了西澳194家实体电子烟商店（基线）。在2024年6月至9月期间，再次进行了审计，以确定这些商店的运营状况和电子烟销售证据，并对部分商店和珀斯内部便利店进行了亲自观察访问。结果：2024年6月，16家基线门店关闭，其他门店也宣布将很快关闭。然而，一些新店已经开业，与电子烟相关的图像和广告仍然很突出。到2024年9月，几乎所有（n=193, 99%）的基线商店都关闭了（n=117）或没有电子烟销售的证据（n=76）。与此同时，电子烟在便利店也很容易买到，尽管到了9月份，它们的能见度降低了。结论：2024年西澳大利亚州电子烟实体店数量的下降与改革的逐步实施相吻合。然而，便利店的供应仍然是一个挑战。对公众健康的影响：电子烟实体供应的减少加剧了电子烟的非常态化，但需要有效的执法和监测才能可持续。

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