Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.1016/j.anzjph.2024.100150
Ruby Brooks , Kathryn Backholer , James Kite
Objective
To determine the extent and nature of news media coverage generated from press releases made by top-selling quick-service restaurants in Australia.
Methods
We conducted a content analysis of press releases made between July 2021 and June 2022 by the five largest quick-service restaurant brands in Australia by brand share, including coding their main subject. We then conducted a content analysis of news media coverage related to the press releases, including coding its slant towards the brand.
Results
Among 52 press releases, new food products (27% of press releases; all unhealthy foods) and corporate social responsibility activities (25%) were the most promoted subjects. For 62% of press releases, at least one news media item was identified. Among the 86 identified news media items, most related to press releases promoting new food products (45% of news media items) or corporate social responsibility activities (21%). News media items overwhelmingly had a slant favourable to the relevant brand (93%).
Conclusions
Press releases by top-selling quick-service restaurant brands in Australia commonly generate news media coverage that promotes such brands and their predominantly unhealthy products.
Implications for public health
Policies restricting unhealthy food marketing should consider brand-generated news media coverage.
{"title":"Covert marketing of quick-service restaurants via news media in Australia: A content analysis","authors":"Ruby Brooks , Kathryn Backholer , James Kite","doi":"10.1016/j.anzjph.2024.100150","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anzjph.2024.100150","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To determine the extent and nature of news media coverage generated from press releases made by top-selling quick-service restaurants in Australia.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We conducted a content analysis of press releases made between July 2021 and June 2022 by the five largest quick-service restaurant brands in Australia by brand share, including coding their main subject. We then conducted a content analysis of news media coverage related to the press releases, including coding its slant towards the brand.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Among 52 press releases, new food products (27% of press releases; all unhealthy foods) and corporate social responsibility activities (25%) were the most promoted subjects. For 62% of press releases, at least one news media item was identified. Among the 86 identified news media items, most related to press releases promoting new food products (45% of news media items) or corporate social responsibility activities (21%). News media items overwhelmingly had a slant favourable to the relevant brand (93%).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Press releases by top-selling quick-service restaurant brands in Australia commonly generate news media coverage that promotes such brands and their predominantly unhealthy products.</p></div><div><h3>Implications for public health</h3><p>Policies restricting unhealthy food marketing should consider brand-generated news media coverage.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8620,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health","volume":"48 3","pages":"Article 100150"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1326020024000256/pdfft?md5=a7484f0edad752caa2b8eb08991a2638&pid=1-s2.0-S1326020024000256-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141261384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.1016/j.anzjph.2023.100113
Sean Kelly, Shane Daw, Jasmin C. Lawes
Objectives
Drowning has been the focus of coastal safety, but a notable proportion of coastal mortality is due to other causes of death. This study describes that burden and quantifies the impact of exposure on Australian unintentional coastal fatalities not due to drowning.
Methods
Analyses of Australian non-drowning coastal fatalities (NDCF) between July 2012 and June 2022 were conducted. Population and exposure-based rates were calculated for Australians 16+ years and compared to all-cause mortality rates. Time series analysis was performed using Joinpoint regression.
Results
616 NDCFs were recorded (0.27/100,000 pop.), with a decreasing average annual percent change of -5.1% (95% CI:-9.5 to -0.4). Cardiac conditions were the primary causal factor, involved in 52% of deaths. Higher fatality rates were seen among men and for incidents occurring in rural and remote areas. Fatality rates were disproportionately high among young adults when compared to all-cause mortality.
Conclusions
Men, young adults, and those living in/visiting regional and remote areas represent high-risk populations. Proximity to emergency services and extended response times represent major determinants of NDCF.
Implications for public health
Due to the high prevalence of NDCF, coastal safety practitioners should expand their attention beyond drowning to consider the broader range of coastal hazards and fatality types.
{"title":"Beyond drowning: Characteristics, trends, the impact of exposure on unintentional non-drowning coastal fatalities between 2012 and 22","authors":"Sean Kelly, Shane Daw, Jasmin C. Lawes","doi":"10.1016/j.anzjph.2023.100113","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anzjph.2023.100113","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>Drowning has been the focus of coastal safety, but a notable proportion of coastal mortality is due to other causes of death. This study describes that burden and quantifies the impact of exposure on Australian unintentional coastal fatalities not due to drowning.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Analyses of Australian non-drowning coastal fatalities (NDCF) between July 2012 and June 2022 were conducted. Population and exposure-based rates were calculated for Australians 16+ years and compared to all-cause mortality rates. Time series analysis was performed using Joinpoint regression.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>616 NDCFs were recorded (0.27/100,000 pop.), with a decreasing average annual percent change of -5.1% (95% CI:-9.5 to -0.4). Cardiac conditions were the primary causal factor, involved in 52% of deaths. Higher fatality rates were seen among men and for incidents occurring in rural and remote areas. Fatality rates were disproportionately high among young adults when compared to all-cause mortality.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Men, young adults, and those living in/visiting regional and remote areas represent high-risk populations. Proximity to emergency services and extended response times represent major determinants of NDCF.</p></div><div><h3>Implications for public health</h3><p>Due to the high prevalence of NDCF, coastal safety practitioners should expand their attention beyond drowning to consider the broader range of coastal hazards and fatality types.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8620,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health","volume":"48 3","pages":"Article 100113"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1326020023052901/pdfft?md5=526b14e3df6f470962ba2055a5c5bd38&pid=1-s2.0-S1326020023052901-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140189472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.1016/j.anzjph.2023.100119
Nathan J. Harrison , Christina A. Norris , Ashlea Bartram , Michael Murphy , Simone Pettigrew , Ally O. Dell , Robin Room , Caroline Miller , Ian Olver , Marina Bowshall , Cassandra J.C. Wright , Rebecca Jenkinson , Jacqueline A. Bowden
Objective
Zero-alcohol beverages containing 0.0–0.5% alcohol by volume may offer public health benefits if individuals use them to substitute for alcohol-containing products, thereby reducing alcohol use. There are, however, concerns that zero-alcohol beverages may encourage adolescents’ earlier interest in alcohol and increase exposure to alcohol company branding. As this poses a challenge for parents, we studied parents’ views on zero-alcohol beverages and their provision to adolescents.
Methods
We interviewed n=38 parents of 12–17-year-olds and used reflexive thematic analysis to interpret interview data.
Results
Parents considered zero-alcohol beverages to be ‘adult beverages’ that potentially supported reduced adult drinking but were unnecessary for adolescents. Parents were concerned that adolescent zero-alcohol beverage use could normalise alcohol consumption and be a precursor to alcohol initiation. There was a potential conflict between moderate provision in ‘appropriate’ contexts, and potential benefits, which were each supported by some parents. Uncertainty on health qualities was also reported.
Conclusions
Parents reported conflicting and cautious views on zero-alcohol beverage provision to adolescents.
Implications for Public Health
As evidence on the impacts of zero-alcohol beverage availability develops, parent-targeted messages highlighting the potential risk of normalisation of alcohol use for young people could be developed, in conjunction with broader policy responses.
{"title":"“They start on the zero-alcohol and they wanna try the real thing”: Parents' views on zero-alcohol beverages and their use by adolescents","authors":"Nathan J. Harrison , Christina A. Norris , Ashlea Bartram , Michael Murphy , Simone Pettigrew , Ally O. Dell , Robin Room , Caroline Miller , Ian Olver , Marina Bowshall , Cassandra J.C. Wright , Rebecca Jenkinson , Jacqueline A. Bowden","doi":"10.1016/j.anzjph.2023.100119","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anzjph.2023.100119","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Zero-alcohol beverages containing 0.0–0.5% alcohol by volume may offer public health benefits if individuals use them to substitute for alcohol-containing products, thereby reducing alcohol use. There are, however, concerns that zero-alcohol beverages may encourage adolescents’ earlier interest in alcohol and increase exposure to alcohol company branding. As this poses a challenge for parents, we studied parents’ views on zero-alcohol beverages and their provision to adolescents.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We interviewed n=38 parents of 12–17-year-olds and used reflexive thematic analysis to interpret interview data.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Parents considered zero-alcohol beverages to be ‘adult beverages’ that potentially supported reduced adult drinking but were unnecessary for adolescents. Parents were concerned that adolescent zero-alcohol beverage use could normalise alcohol consumption and be a precursor to alcohol initiation. There was a potential conflict between moderate provision in ‘appropriate’ contexts, and potential benefits, which were each supported by some parents. Uncertainty on health qualities was also reported.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Parents reported conflicting and cautious views on zero-alcohol beverage provision to adolescents.</p></div><div><h3>Implications for Public Health</h3><p>As evidence on the impacts of zero-alcohol beverage availability develops, parent-targeted messages highlighting the potential risk of normalisation of alcohol use for young people could be developed, in conjunction with broader policy responses.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8620,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health","volume":"48 3","pages":"Article 100119"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1326020023052962/pdfft?md5=2938a6aea31c828e31cec05125c01005&pid=1-s2.0-S1326020023052962-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140027288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.1016/j.anzjph.2024.100159
Archana Koirala , Noni Winkler , Caroline Sharpe , Trish van Tussenbroek , Paul Wood , Kristine Macartney , Helen Quinn
Objective
The objective of this study was to describe the use of SARS-CoV-2 rapid antigen testing of COVID-19 contacts in New South Wales schools to determine return to in-person school attendance instead of home quarantine, between 6 November and 21 December 2021.
Methods
COVID-19 school contacts were required to quarantine for two weeks postexposure to the case. Students who opted into daily rapid antigen testing logged their results in a database, prior to school attendance, and obtained SARS-CoV-2 nucleic amplification acid testing on day 12–16. Secondary attack rates (SARs) in schools utilising rapid antigen testing (Test-to-Stay schools) and those not utilising rapid antigen testing (non–Test-to-Stay school) were calculated.
Results
We identified 9,887 people in 293 schools who reported performing at least one rapid antigen test (RAT). The SAR in RAT schools was 3.4% (95% confidence interval: 2.7–4.1) and non-RAT schools was 2.8% (95% confidence interval: 2.4–3.3). A total of 30,535 school days were preserved through this program.
Conclusions
The use of RATs preserved in-person learning without a significant increase to SAR.
Implication for public health
Disruptions in face-to-face learning have long-term detrimental impacts on children and adolescents. Rapid antigen testing has been shown to be beneficial to maintain face-to-face learning in Australian schools and may be a useful method to safeguard from school disruptions in future pandemics.
{"title":"Real-world utilisation of SARS-CoV-2 rapid antigen testing to enable face-to-face learning in Australian schools, an ecological study","authors":"Archana Koirala , Noni Winkler , Caroline Sharpe , Trish van Tussenbroek , Paul Wood , Kristine Macartney , Helen Quinn","doi":"10.1016/j.anzjph.2024.100159","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anzjph.2024.100159","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The objective of this study was to describe the use of SARS-CoV-2 rapid antigen testing of COVID-19 contacts in New South Wales schools to determine return to in-person school attendance instead of home quarantine, between 6 November and 21 December 2021.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>COVID-19 school contacts were required to quarantine for two weeks postexposure to the case. Students who opted into daily rapid antigen testing logged their results in a database, prior to school attendance, and obtained SARS-CoV-2 nucleic amplification acid testing on day 12–16. Secondary attack rates (SARs) in schools utilising rapid antigen testing (Test-to-Stay schools) and those not utilising rapid antigen testing (non–Test-to-Stay school) were calculated.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>We identified 9,887 people in 293 schools who reported performing at least one rapid antigen test (RAT). The SAR in RAT schools was 3.4% (95% confidence interval: 2.7–4.1) and non-RAT schools was 2.8% (95% confidence interval: 2.4–3.3). A total of 30,535 school days were preserved through this program.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The use of RATs preserved in-person learning without a significant increase to SAR.</p></div><div><h3>Implication for public health</h3><p>Disruptions in face-to-face learning have long-term detrimental impacts on children and adolescents. Rapid antigen testing has been shown to be beneficial to maintain face-to-face learning in Australian schools and may be a useful method to safeguard from school disruptions in future pandemics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8620,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health","volume":"48 3","pages":"Article 100159"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1326020024000347/pdfft?md5=6d315ca2c1f1858057d4a38803bae961&pid=1-s2.0-S1326020024000347-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141454947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.1016/j.anzjph.2024.100148
Kathryn Backholer , Oliver Huse , Ruby Brooks , Florentine Martino , Alexandra Chung , Christina Zorbas , Christine Driessen , Ainslie Sartori , Jennifer Browne
Objective
To examine the strategies employed by opponents of the Queensland Government’s policy to restrict unhealthy food and alcohol advertising on publicly owned assets and identify which of the opposing arguments appeared to influence the policy outcomes.
Methods
Retrospective qualitative policy analysis case study informed by the Policy Dystopia Model of corporate political activity. We used qualitative content analysis to examine data from stakeholder submissions to the ‘Advertising content on Queensland Government advertising spaces’ policies (v1 and 2), and Minister for Health’s diaries.
Results
Stakeholders from the food, beverage, alcohol and advertising industries and several not-for-profit health organisations opposed the policy. Industry actors used discursive strategies, coalition management (including co-option of not-for-profit health organisations), information management and direct involvement with policy makers to communicate their arguments against the policy. The second version of the policy was weaker regarding scope and key policy provisions, reflecting the arguments of industry actors.
Conclusions
Influence from industries with a clear conflict of interest should be minimised throughout policy development to ensure public health is prioritised over corporate gain.
Implications for public health
Our findings can support other jurisdictions to prepare for industry opposition when designing policies to restrict unhealthy food and alcohol marketing.
{"title":"The rise and fall of the Queensland Government policy to restrict unhealthy food and alcohol advertising on publicly owned assets","authors":"Kathryn Backholer , Oliver Huse , Ruby Brooks , Florentine Martino , Alexandra Chung , Christina Zorbas , Christine Driessen , Ainslie Sartori , Jennifer Browne","doi":"10.1016/j.anzjph.2024.100148","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anzjph.2024.100148","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To examine the strategies employed by opponents of the Queensland Government’s policy to restrict unhealthy food and alcohol advertising on publicly owned assets and identify which of the opposing arguments appeared to influence the policy outcomes.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Retrospective qualitative policy analysis case study informed by the Policy Dystopia Model of corporate political activity. We used qualitative content analysis to examine data from stakeholder submissions to the ‘Advertising content on Queensland Government advertising spaces’ policies (v1 and 2), and Minister for Health’s diaries.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Stakeholders from the food, beverage, alcohol and advertising industries and several not-for-profit health organisations opposed the policy. Industry actors used discursive strategies, coalition management (including co-option of not-for-profit health organisations), information management and direct involvement with policy makers to communicate their arguments against the policy. The second version of the policy was weaker regarding scope and key policy provisions, reflecting the arguments of industry actors.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Influence from industries with a clear conflict of interest should be minimised throughout policy development to ensure public health is prioritised over corporate gain.</p></div><div><h3>Implications for public health</h3><p>Our findings can support other jurisdictions to prepare for industry opposition when designing policies to restrict unhealthy food and alcohol marketing.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8620,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health","volume":"48 3","pages":"Article 100148"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1326020024000232/pdfft?md5=1725ec085f9a865e5dc1a3af66622f3b&pid=1-s2.0-S1326020024000232-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141261425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.1016/j.anzjph.2024.100126
Christina Watts , Suzan Burton , Natalia Lizama , Lorena Chapman , Francine Garlin , Michelle Daley , Sam Egger
Objective
Tobacco sales in alcohol-licenced premises present a very problematic trigger for tobacco sales—a trigger that is particularly problematic for attempting quitters and people who smoke occasionally. This study reports on the attitudes, beliefs, and experiences of owners or managers of alcohol-licenced venues that sell tobacco exclusively through vending machines.
Methods
The study involved a telephone survey of alcohol-licenced venue owners or managers in New South Wales, Queensland, and Western Australia. Associations between outlet characteristics and current selling of tobacco exclusively via vending machines were examined, and responses to the open-ended question asking why the venue was likely or unlikely to stop selling cigarettes were manually coded.
Results
For most alcohol-licenced venues that sold tobacco exclusively through a vending machine, the profit from these sales was not considered important for the business. However, only a small minority (4%) of these venues reported that they were likely to stop selling tobacco. The most commonly cited concerns about stopping were customer dissatisfaction and potential loss of customers.
Conclusion
The study provides the first evidence on the attitudes of owners/managers to the importance of tobacco sales, revealing that the vast majority of those owners/managers do not believe that tobacco sales are important for their venue.
Implications for public health
The presence of tobacco vending machines implicitly promotes tobacco products and therefore contravenes Australia’s obligations under the World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control. The results provide powerful evidence that restrictions on tobacco sales can be implemented without major financial damage to those vendors.
{"title":"Tobacco sales through vending machines: Insights from owners and managers of Australian alcohol-licenced premises with different licencing schemes","authors":"Christina Watts , Suzan Burton , Natalia Lizama , Lorena Chapman , Francine Garlin , Michelle Daley , Sam Egger","doi":"10.1016/j.anzjph.2024.100126","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anzjph.2024.100126","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Tobacco sales in alcohol-licenced premises present a very problematic trigger for tobacco sales—a trigger that is particularly problematic for attempting quitters and people who smoke occasionally. This study reports on the attitudes, beliefs, and experiences of owners or managers of alcohol-licenced venues that sell tobacco exclusively through vending machines.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The study involved a telephone survey of alcohol-licenced venue owners or managers in New South Wales, Queensland, and Western Australia. Associations between outlet characteristics and current selling of tobacco exclusively via vending machines were examined, and responses to the open-ended question asking why the venue was likely or unlikely to stop selling cigarettes were manually coded.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>For most alcohol-licenced venues that sold tobacco exclusively through a vending machine, the profit from these sales was not considered important for the business. However, only a small minority (4%) of these venues reported that they were likely to stop selling tobacco. The most commonly cited concerns about stopping were customer dissatisfaction and potential loss of customers.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The study provides the first evidence on the attitudes of owners/managers to the importance of tobacco sales, revealing that the vast majority of those owners/managers do not believe that tobacco sales are important for their venue.</p></div><div><h3>Implications for public health</h3><p>The presence of tobacco vending machines implicitly promotes tobacco products and therefore contravenes Australia’s obligations under the World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control. The results provide powerful evidence that restrictions on tobacco sales can be implemented without major financial damage to those vendors.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8620,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health","volume":"48 3","pages":"Article 100126"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1326020024000013/pdfft?md5=c7af53283e3c5da463a7cebc230dc244&pid=1-s2.0-S1326020024000013-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140058607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.1016/j.anzjph.2024.100135
Maree Crabbe , Michael Flood , Kelsey Adams
Objective
This article aims to explore the extent and nature of Australian young people’s pornography exposure and access.
Methods
Cross-sectional online survey of 1,985 young Australians aged 15–20 years, nationally representative of a range of demographics.
Results
Exposure to pornography was reported by 86% of male and 69% of female participants. Most exposure occurred when participants were alone and at home, regardless of gender. Young men were more likely than young women to seek pornography out and to view it frequently, with over half (54%) of male participants reporting weekly use compared with 14% of female participants. On average, boys and young men saw pornography 3.2 years before their first partnered sexual experience, and girls and young women saw it 2.0 years before theirs.
Conclusions
It is common for young people to see pornography years before their first partnered sexual experience.
Implications for public health
Unintentional and deliberate exposure to pornography is common and frequent among young people. Public health strategies among young people are necessary to address the potential harms associated with pornography use, including gender-based violence and risky sexual practices.
{"title":"Pornography exposure and access among young Australians: a cross-sectional study","authors":"Maree Crabbe , Michael Flood , Kelsey Adams","doi":"10.1016/j.anzjph.2024.100135","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anzjph.2024.100135","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>This article aims to explore the extent and nature of Australian young people’s pornography exposure and access.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Cross-sectional online survey of 1,985 young Australians aged 15–20 years, nationally representative of a range of demographics.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Exposure to pornography was reported by 86% of male and 69% of female participants. Most exposure occurred when participants were alone and at home, regardless of gender. Young men were more likely than young women to seek pornography out and to view it frequently, with over half (54%) of male participants reporting weekly use compared with 14% of female participants. On average, boys and young men saw pornography 3.2 years before their first partnered sexual experience, and girls and young women saw it 2.0 years before theirs.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>It is common for young people to see pornography years before their first partnered sexual experience.</p></div><div><h3>Implications for public health</h3><p>Unintentional and deliberate exposure to pornography is common and frequent among young people. Public health strategies among young people are necessary to address the potential harms associated with pornography use, including gender-based violence and risky sexual practices.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8620,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health","volume":"48 3","pages":"Article 100135"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1326020024000104/pdfft?md5=98003bb2e6ad0fc4576012e8dbe21f45&pid=1-s2.0-S1326020024000104-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140179285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.1016/j.anzjph.2024.100146
Michelle I. Jongenelis , Timothy Budden , Ben Jackson , Hayley Christian , Andrea Nathan , David Coall , Emma Glassenbury
Objective
The objective of this study was to explore Australian children’s engagement in physical activity and screen time while being cared for by their grandparents.
Method
Grandparents (N = 1,190) providing ≥3 hours of weekly care to a grandchild aged 3–14 years completed an online survey assessing their grandchildren’s movement behaviours while in their care. Descriptive statistics were computed for frequency of engagement in unstructured and structured physical activities, minutes spent playing outdoors, and minutes spent engaged in screen time. Regression analyses were conducted to assess socio-demographic predictors of movement behaviours.
Results
Playing in the yard was the most common form of physical activity in which grandchildren reportedly participated (77% ‘usually’ or ‘always’), followed by playing with toys/equipment (62%). Few (14–36%) frequently engaged in active transport. Children spent an average of 181 minutes per week engaged in screen-based activities.
Conclusions
There is an opportunity to improve children’s movement behaviours while in grandparental care. Communicating to grandparents their importance in supporting an active lifestyle is warranted.
Implications for Public Health
Findings highlight the importance of creating environments that facilitate play-based, outdoor activities. Ensuring children have access to play equipment while in the care of grandparents and improving access to and quality of neighbourhood parks may assist with activity promotion.
{"title":"Australian children’s physical activity and screen time while in grandparental care","authors":"Michelle I. Jongenelis , Timothy Budden , Ben Jackson , Hayley Christian , Andrea Nathan , David Coall , Emma Glassenbury","doi":"10.1016/j.anzjph.2024.100146","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anzjph.2024.100146","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The objective of this study was to explore Australian children’s engagement in physical activity and screen time while being cared for by their grandparents.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>Grandparents (N = 1,190) providing ≥3 hours of weekly care to a grandchild aged 3–14 years completed an online survey assessing their grandchildren’s movement behaviours while in their care. Descriptive statistics were computed for frequency of engagement in unstructured and structured physical activities, minutes spent playing outdoors, and minutes spent engaged in screen time. Regression analyses were conducted to assess socio-demographic predictors of movement behaviours.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Playing in the yard was the most common form of physical activity in which grandchildren reportedly participated (77% ‘usually’ or ‘always’), followed by playing with toys/equipment (62%). Few (14–36%) frequently engaged in active transport. Children spent an average of 181 minutes per week engaged in screen-based activities.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>There is an opportunity to improve children’s movement behaviours while in grandparental care. Communicating to grandparents their importance in supporting an active lifestyle is warranted.</p></div><div><h3>Implications for Public Health</h3><p>Findings highlight the importance of creating environments that facilitate play-based, outdoor activities. Ensuring children have access to play equipment while in the care of grandparents and improving access to and quality of neighbourhood parks may assist with activity promotion.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8620,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health","volume":"48 3","pages":"Article 100146"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1326020024000219/pdfft?md5=1d4a679e7cbad8310de7dca665978478&pid=1-s2.0-S1326020024000219-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141075210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-25DOI: 10.1016/j.anzjph.2024.100157
Lindsay P. Allen, Christine Kelly, Andrew R. Hatala
{"title":"Answering tough questions: Why is qualitative research essential for public health?","authors":"Lindsay P. Allen, Christine Kelly, Andrew R. Hatala","doi":"10.1016/j.anzjph.2024.100157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anzjph.2024.100157","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8620,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health","volume":"48 3","pages":"Article 100157"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1326020024000323/pdfft?md5=63fc73d37bf19587ebd27aee615ef973&pid=1-s2.0-S1326020024000323-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141095168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Associations between place and population health are of interest to researchers and policymakers. The objective of this paper is to explore, summarise and compare content across contemporary Australian geo-referenced population health survey data sets.
Methods
A search for recent (2015 or later) population health surveys from within Australia containing geographic information from participants was conducted. Survey response frames were analysed and categorised based on demographic, risk factor and disease-related characteristics. Analysis using interactive Sankey diagrams shows the extent of content overlap and differences between population health surveys in Australia.
Results
Thirteen Australian geo-referenced population health survey data sets were identified. Information captured across surveys was inconsistent as was the spatial granularity of respondent information. Health and demographic features most frequently captured were symptoms, signs and clinical findings from the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems version 11, employment, housing, income, self-rated health and risk factors, including alcohol consumption, diet, medical treatments, physical activity and weight-related questions. Sankey diagrams were deployed online for use by public health researchers.
Conclusions
Identifying the relationship between place and health in Australia is made more difficult by inconsistencies in information collected across surveys deployed in different regions in Australia.
Implications for Public Health
Public health research investigating place and health involves a vast and inconsistent patchwork of information within and across states, which may impact broad-scale research questions. The tools developed here assist public health researchers to identify surveys suitable for their research queries related to place and health.
{"title":"A comparison of content from across contemporary Australian population health surveys","authors":"Branislava Godic , Selin Akaraci , Rajith Vidanaarachchi , Kerry Nice , Sachith Seneviratne , Suzanne Mavoa , Ruth Hunter , Leandro Garcia , Mark Stevenson , Jasper Wijnands , Jason Thompson","doi":"10.1016/j.anzjph.2024.100152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anzjph.2024.100152","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Associations between place and population health are of interest to researchers and policymakers. The objective of this paper is to explore, summarise and compare content across contemporary Australian geo-referenced population health survey data sets.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A search for recent (2015 or later) population health surveys from within Australia containing geographic information from participants was conducted. Survey response frames were analysed and categorised based on demographic, risk factor and disease-related characteristics. Analysis using interactive Sankey diagrams shows the extent of content overlap and differences between population health surveys in Australia.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Thirteen Australian geo-referenced population health survey data sets were identified. Information captured across surveys was inconsistent as was the spatial granularity of respondent information. Health and demographic features most frequently captured were symptoms, signs and clinical findings from the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems version 11, employment, housing, income, self-rated health and risk factors, including alcohol consumption, diet, medical treatments, physical activity and weight-related questions. Sankey diagrams were deployed online for use by public health researchers.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Identifying the relationship between place and health in Australia is made more difficult by inconsistencies in information collected across surveys deployed in different regions in Australia.</p></div><div><h3>Implications for Public Health</h3><p>Public health research investigating place and health involves a vast and inconsistent patchwork of information within and across states, which may impact broad-scale research questions. The tools developed here assist public health researchers to identify surveys suitable for their research queries related to place and health.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8620,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health","volume":"48 3","pages":"Article 100152"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S132602002400027X/pdfft?md5=8ee743f18915ad3a9bc138b64b7090d0&pid=1-s2.0-S132602002400027X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140924606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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