Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health最新文献

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Public Health Association of Australia advocacy to promote youth health and wellbeing 澳大利亚公共卫生协会倡导促进青年的健康和福祉

IF 2.6 3区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health

Pub Date : 2025-07-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.anzjph.2025.100259

Fiona Robards , Emma Stubbs , Allyson R. Todd , Stephanie R. Partridge , Jodi Belling , K. Connor , Emma Soo , Cristyn Davies

引用次数: 0

Celebrating Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Research that promotes the health and wellbeing of the next generation: NAIDOC 2025 庆祝促进下一代健康和福祉的土著和托雷斯海峡岛民研究：NAIDOC 2025

IF 2.6 3区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health

Pub Date : 2025-07-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.anzjph.2025.100261

Summer May Finlay

引用次数: 0

Health equity in a climate-altered world 气候变化世界中的卫生公平

IF 2.6 3区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health

Pub Date : 2025-07-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.anzjph.2025.100257

Linda Murray , Aditya Vyas , Angelique Reweti , Kimberly Humphrey

引用次数: 0

Emergency department mental health presentations in bushfire-, flood-, storm-, drought-, and COVID-19-affected areas: Analysis of growth models between 2017 and 2021 急诊部门在森林火灾、洪水、风暴、干旱和covid -19影响地区的心理健康报告：2017年至2021年增长模型分析

IF 2.6 3区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.anzjph.2025.100251

Samineh Sanatkar , Samuel B. Harvey , Andrew Mackinnon , Richard Bryant , Grant Sara

Objective

Repeated exposure to adverse events increases the possibility of negative emotional consequences and the development of post-traumatic stress disorders. Communities who have faced several extreme weather events and pandemic-related disruptions may require emergency care for mental health-related reasons to a greater extent than less affected regions.

Methods

This study investigated linear time trends of mental health-related emergency department presentations of adults residing in regions with high, medium, and lesser exposure to fires, floods, storms, droughts, COVID-19 infections and pandemic-related layoffs. Emergency department data were captured from 2017 to 2021.

Results

Disaster-affected communities presented to emergency departments at a higher rate well before ‘the Black Summer bushfires’, possibly due to fewer alternatives to hospital care in regional areas. Exposure to multiple disasters was associated with reduced emergency department presentations for mental health reasons. No increase in presentations was noted during the observation period.

Conclusions

Possible reasons for this pattern relate to community characteristics, including resilience, reappraisal of symptom severity, and a possible service gap for those with less acute mental health problems.

Implications for public health

Mental health service usage needs to be observed across multiple service areas and on an ongoing basis with the clear intention to explain how disasters shape support needs.

目的反复暴露于不良事件会增加不良情绪后果的可能性和创伤后应激障碍的发展。与受影响较轻的地区相比，遭受多次极端天气事件和与大流行有关的中断的社区可能更需要因精神健康原因提供紧急护理。方法本研究调查了居住在火灾、洪水、风暴、干旱、COVID-19感染和与大流行相关的裁员风险高、中、低地区的成年人的精神健康相关急诊科表现的线性时间趋势。急诊科的数据是从2017年到2021年收集的。结果在“黑夏山火”之前，受灾社区的急诊率较高，这可能是由于区域地区的医院护理选择较少。暴露于多重灾害与因心理健康原因减少急诊就诊有关。在观察期间，没有注意到提交报告的人数增加。结论这种模式的可能原因与社区特征有关，包括恢复力、症状严重程度的重新评估，以及对那些非急性心理健康问题的人可能存在的服务差距。对公共健康的影响心理健康服务的使用情况需要在多个服务领域持续观察，目的是明确解释灾害如何影响支助需求。

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引用次数: 0

Examining the impact of decriminalisation on sex workers in Victoria, Australia: Results from an online survey 在澳大利亚的维多利亚州，检查非犯罪化对性工作者的影响：一项在线调查的结果

IF 2.6 3区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.anzjph.2025.100250

Tiffany R. Phillips , Christopher K. Fairley , Mish Pony , Dylan O’Hara , Kate Maddaford , Finn Mercury , Ranjit Samra , Basil Donovan , Eric P.F. Chow

Objective

This survey aimed to examine the impact of decriminalisation on rates of sex worker’s condom use with clients, and sexually transmissible infection/blood-borne virus (STI/BBV) testing.

Methods

An anonymous, mixed-methods, online survey among sex workers in Victoria, Australia (December 2022-April 2023). This survey asked about changes in condom use and STI/BBV testing following decriminalisation.

Results

101 participants were included in the study. Median age of participants was 29 years (IQR: 25-33), the majority of participants spoke English (97; 96.0%) and had worked in sex work for at least a year (87; 87.0%). Following decriminalisation, the majority of participants reported no change to condom use for giving oral sex (81/92; 88.0%), receiving oral sex (79/87; 90.8%), receptive vaginal sex (73/80; 91.3%), insertive vaginal sex (37/41; 90.2%), receptive anal sex (45/50; 90.0%) or insertive anal sex (37/42; 88.1%). Most participants did not change their testing frequency for STI/BBV (60/99; 60.6%). Free text responses included positive, neutral and fearful aspects of decriminalisation.

Conclusion

The majority of sex workers maintained high rates of condom use and regular sexual health testing following the decriminalisation of sex work in Victoria.

Implications for Public Health

These findings suggest that decriminalisation may not negatively affect sex practices or STI testing, supporting policy changes to reduce stigma and enhance health access for sex workers.

目的本调查旨在探讨性工作者使用安全套率和性传播/血源性病毒（STI/BBV）检测的非刑事化对性工作者安全套使用率的影响。方法对澳大利亚维多利亚州性工作者进行匿名、混合方法在线调查（2022年12月- 2023年4月）。这项调查询问了除罪化后避孕套使用和性病/BBV检测的变化。结果101名受试者纳入研究。参与者的中位年龄为29岁（IQR: 25-33），大多数参与者说英语(97；96.0%)，并曾从事性工作至少一年(87；87.0%)。在非刑事化之后，大多数参与者报告在口交时使用避孕套的情况没有变化(81/92；88.0%)，接受口交(79/87；90.8%)，接受性阴道性交(73/80；91.3%)，插入性阴道性交(37/41；90.2%)，接受性肛交(45/50；90.0%)或插入性肛交(37/42；88.1%)。大多数参与者没有改变STI/BBV的检测频率(60/99；60.6%)。自由文本的回应包括非犯罪化的积极、中立和可怕的方面。结论在维多利亚州性工作合法化之后，大多数性工作者保持了较高的安全套使用率和定期的性健康检测。这些研究结果表明，将性行为除罪化可能不会对性行为或性传播感染检测产生负面影响，从而支持改变政策以减少耻辱感并增强性工作者获得医疗服务的机会。

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引用次数: 0

Improving access to ivermectin for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people in Australia: Big gains from a small change 改善澳大利亚土著和托雷斯海峡岛民获得伊维菌素的机会：小变化大收获

IF 2.6 3区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.anzjph.2025.100237

Victoria R.V. Cox , Mike Stephens , Gurmeet R. Singh , Bart J. Currie

引用次数: 0

Australian Primary Health Care guidelines for childhood growth, health, and development in the early years: A scoping review 澳大利亚儿童生长、健康和早期发育初级卫生保健指南：范围审查

IF 2.6 3区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.anzjph.2025.100248

Dimity Dutch , Lucinda Bell , Sarah C. Hunter , Brittany J. Johnson , Elizabeth Denney-Wilson , Rebecca K. Golley

Objective

The aim of this study was to identify and synthesise recommendations for growth monitoring, health behaviour screening, and health promotion advice within current Australian documents that guide Primary Health Care practitioners to support childhood growth, health, and development in the early years.

Methods

Documents were identified using Google Advanced Search and targeted website searching. An iterative inductive and deductive content analysis was conducted and contextualised using the 5W (who, what, when, where, why) + 1H (how) framework.

Results

All included documents (n = 18) recommended growth monitoring. Recommendations to screen and promote child health behaviours (diet, physical activity, sedentary behaviour, or sleep) were fragmented and provided limited guidance on how to screen and promote child health behaviours in practice.

Conclusions

Documents recognised the importance of screening and promoting child health behaviours in Primary Health Care; however, comprehensive recommendations were limited. Practical tools and resources are needed to enable Primary Health Care practitioners to conduct effective and appropriate screening and health promotion and across all four health behaviour domains.

Implications for Public Health

There is opportunity for guidelines to recommend and integrate health behaviour screening tools into routine PHC practice to better support children’s growth, health, and development in the early years.

本研究的目的是确定和综合澳大利亚现行文件中关于生长监测、健康行为筛查和健康促进建议的建议，这些建议指导初级卫生保健从业人员在早期支持儿童生长、健康和发展。方法采用谷歌高级检索和针对性网站检索对文献进行识别。使用5W（谁，什么，何时，何地，为什么）+ 1H（如何）框架进行了迭代归纳和演绎内容分析并进行了背景化。结果所有纳入的文献（n = 18）均推荐生长监测。筛查和促进儿童健康行为（饮食、身体活动、久坐行为或睡眠）的建议支离破碎，对如何在实践中筛查和促进儿童健康行为提供了有限的指导。文献认识到在初级卫生保健中筛查和促进儿童健康行为的重要性；然而，全面的建议是有限的。需要实用的工具和资源，使初级保健从业人员能够在所有四个健康行为领域进行有效和适当的筛查和健康促进。对公共卫生的影响有机会制定指南，推荐健康行为筛查工具并将其纳入初级保健的常规实践，以更好地支持儿童早期的生长、健康和发育。

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引用次数: 0

Breaking bones and the rules: An audit of paediatric e-scooter trauma in a regional Queensland hospital 骨折和规则：对昆士兰州一家地区医院儿科电动滑板车创伤的审计。

IF 2.6 3区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.anzjph.2025.100245

Matthew Clanfield , Isabelle Sharman

Objective

To retrospectively analyse paediatric electronic scooter (e-scooter) injuries presenting to the Sunshine Coast University Hospital by evaluating trauma severity and compliance with safety regulations to help inform policy discussions.

Methods

A retrospective review of paediatric e-scooter trauma presentations between January 1, 2023, and December 31, 2024, was conducted using emergency department records. Data collected included demographics, incident mechanisms, helmet use, two persons riding one e-scooter “doubling”, speed, imaging requirements and paediatric trauma scores.

Results

A total of 176 cases were identified, with a median age of 14 years and 71% were male. Falls accounted for 78% of crashes, while 13% involved motor vehicles. Helmet non-compliance was documented in 42% of the presentations, 12% involved doubling, and 36% exceeded the 25 km/hr speed limit. Fractures occurred in 37% of cases, 18% required computerised tomography scans and 11% sustained life-threatening or potentially life-threatening injuries.

Conclusions

E-scooters pose a significant safety risk to paediatric users and this study highlights gaps in safety compliance.

Implications for Public Health

This study highlights the high risk e-scooters pose to Queenland’s youth. It is our belief that minimum age limit for e-scooters should be raised to 16 years old until improved safety measures prove effective. Dr Clanfield is currently engaging with the Queensland Government to advocate for policy review. This report’s data helps to inform other doctors and policymakers about the dangers of e-scooter use in young people.

目的：通过评估创伤严重程度和安全法规遵守情况，回顾性分析阳光海岸大学医院儿科电动滑板车（e-scooter）损伤，为政策讨论提供信息。方法：回顾性分析2023年1月1日至2024年12月31日期间的儿科电动滑板车创伤表现，并使用急诊科记录进行分析。收集的数据包括人口统计、事故机制、头盔使用、两人骑一辆电动滑板车“加倍”、速度、成像要求和儿科创伤评分。结果：共发现176例，中位年龄14岁，男性占71%。坠落事故占撞车事故的78%，而机动车事故占13%。42%的演示中记录了不遵守头盔规定，12%涉及加倍，36%超过25公里/小时的速度限制。37%的病例发生骨折，18%的病例需要计算机断层扫描，11%的病例发生危及生命或潜在危及生命的损伤。结论：电动滑板车对儿童使用者构成重大安全风险，本研究突出了安全合规方面的差距。对公众健康的影响：这项研究强调了电动滑板车对昆士兰年轻人构成的高风险。我们认为，在改进的安全措施证明有效之前，电动滑板车的最低年龄限制应该提高到16岁。克兰菲尔德博士目前正在与昆士兰州政府合作，倡导进行政策审查。这份报告的数据有助于告知其他医生和政策制定者关于年轻人使用电动滑板车的危险。

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引用次数: 0

Small-area geographical variation in the prevalence of diabetes amongst Australian youth aged <20 years in 2021 2021年澳大利亚20岁以下青年糖尿病患病率的小区域地理差异

IF 2.6 3区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.anzjph.2025.100234

Ewan Cameron , Song Zhang , Aveni Haynes , Peter W. Gething

Objectives

To characterise small-area geographical variation in the prevalence of diabetes in Australian youth.

Methods

A combined statistical reconstruction and small-area estimation algorithm was applied to privacy-modulated data from the 2021 Australian Census. The census instrument and reconstruction accuracy was examined by comparisons against a hospital-based register and community register. Diabetes prevalence maps were created from the small-area estimates.

Results

The median and interquartile range of estimated diabetes prevalence by small-area unit under our geospatial smoothing model were 1.76 [1.49–1.97] cases per 1000 population for those aged 0–14 years and 5.2 [4.4–5.9] cases per 1000 population for those aged 15–19 years old. Concentrations of elevated prevalence were identified in the vicinities of regional towns across South-East Queensland, regional New South Wales and regional Victoria. Across each of Australia’s five largest cities a gradient of decreasing youth diabetes prevalence from the outer suburbs to the urban centre was identified.

Conclusion

Diabetes burden is systematically higher among rural and peri-urban resident youth in Australia compared with their urban counterparts.

Implications for Public Health

Hotspots of prevalence in regional areas deserve attention from public health authorities.

目的：描述澳大利亚青少年糖尿病患病率的小区域地理差异。方法：采用统计重建和小区域估计相结合的算法对2021年澳大利亚人口普查的隐私调制数据进行分析。通过与以医院为基础的登记册和社区登记册进行比较，检查了普查工具和重建的准确性。糖尿病患病率地图是根据小区域估计绘制的。结果：在我们的地理空间平滑模型下，小区域单位估计的糖尿病患病率的中位数和四分位数范围为0-14岁的每1000人中有1.76[1.49-1.97]例，15-19岁的每1000人中有5.2[4.4-5.9]例。在昆士兰东南部、新南威尔士州和维多利亚州的区域城镇附近，发现了患病率升高的浓度。在澳大利亚五个最大的城市中，青年糖尿病患病率从远郊到市中心呈下降趋势。结论：与城市居民相比，澳大利亚农村和城郊居民青年的糖尿病负担更高。对公共卫生的影响：区域流行热点应引起公共卫生当局的注意。

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引用次数: 0

What about 100% juice and non-sugar sweeteners? A national study of support for taxes, labelling and marketing bans applied to sugary drinks, non-sugar sweetened beverages and 100% juice in Australia 100%果汁和无糖甜味剂怎么样？一项全国性的研究支持对含糖饮料、无糖饮料和100%果汁实施税收、标签和营销禁令。

IF 2.6 3区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.anzjph.2025.100238

Caroline Miller , Kerry Ettridge , Enola Kay , Joanne Dono

Objective

To assess levels of support for potential policy interventions (labelling, banning marketing to children, taxes) to reduce sugar-sweetened beverage consumption; and to assess levels of support when these policies were extended to non-sugar sweetened beverages and 100% fruit juice.

Methods

Data, collected via a nationally representative online survey of Australian adults (N=2,876), measured support (5-point Likert scales; strongly/somewhat in favour/against, or neutral) for front-of-pack warning labels, banning marketing to children, and taxes, applied to the three beverages. Chi-square (unadjusted) and logistic regressions (adjusted) assessed support.

Results

Support was highest for sugar-sweetened beverage policies, followed by non-sugar-sweetened beverages, and lowest for juice. Across all beverages, support was highest for labelling (83%, 82%, 71%, respectively), followed by marketing bans (73%, 60%, 25%), and taxes (56%, 39%, 14%). Support was typically lower among younger, less educated, most socioeconomically disadvantaged and regular consumers.

Conclusions

Results indicate high receptiveness among the Australian community for beverage policies, especially warning labels, with lower receptiveness towards some policies targeting juice.

Implications for Public Health

These findings can inform the development of effective public health strategies for encouraging healthier beverage consumption, and point to prioritising front-of-pack warning labels, given the consistently high support for this policy.

目的：评估对潜在政策干预（标签、禁止向儿童推销、税收）的支持程度，以减少含糖饮料的消费；并评估当这些政策扩展到无糖饮料和100%果汁时的支持水平。方法：通过一项具有全国代表性的澳大利亚成年人在线调查（N=2,876）收集数据，测量支持度(5点李克特量表；强烈/多少支持/反对，或中立)支持包装前警告标签，禁止向儿童推销，并对这三种饮料征税。卡方（未调整）和逻辑回归（调整）评估支持度。结果：对含糖饮料政策的支持度最高，其次是无糖饮料政策，对果汁政策的支持度最低。在所有饮料中，对标签的支持度最高（分别为83%、82%和71%），其次是营销禁令（73%、60%、25%）和税收（56%、39%、14%）。年轻人、受教育程度较低、社会经济地位较低和普通消费者的支持率通常较低。结论：结果表明，澳大利亚社区对饮料政策的接受度很高，尤其是警告标签，对一些针对果汁的政策的接受度较低。对公共卫生的影响：这些发现可以为制定有效的公共卫生策略提供信息，以鼓励更健康的饮料消费，并指出在一贯高度支持这一政策的情况下，应优先考虑包装正面的警告标签。

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