Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health最新文献_第7页

Introduction of breast density notification within BreastScreen South Australia – Results of an online client survey 在南澳大利亚乳腺筛查中引入乳腺密度通知 - 在线客户调查结果

IF 2.6 3区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.anzjph.2025.100240

Liz Buckley , Carolyn Nickson , Jennifer Stone , Ellen Kerrins , Shona Crabb , David Roder , Michelle Reintals

Objective

Breast density is one of the strongest predictors of breast cancer risk and significantly reduces the sensitivity of mammography to detect breast cancer. Breast density notification is becoming increasingly common within screening programs in Australia. This opportunistic study evaluates client response to the introduction of breast density notification within BreastScreen South Australia, including their level of understanding, approval of notification and future screening behaviours.

Method

Clients attending three screening clinics (N=14,833) were notified by BreastScreen South Australia of their mammographic breast density, measured by the software program Volpara. Breast density was categorised as follows: A-almost entirely fatty tissue, B-scattered dense tissue, C-heterogeneously dense tissue or D-extremely dense tissue.

Results

Of the 5,137 survey respondents (34.6%), 90% supported continued reporting of breast density in the program. Around two-thirds of respondents (65%) felt informed to make decisions regarding their breast care and nearly all (98.5%) intended to continue breast screening. Anxiety in response to breast density notification was reported by 9% of all respondents (4.5% with breast density categories A/B vs 16.6% with categories C/D) and 14% reported confusion (10.7% with breast density categories A/B vs 19.9% with categories C/D). All notified women were and invited to participate in a follow-up survey to assess their response to breast density notification. Over 22% did not know breast density is associated with breast cancer risk and 55% were unsure.

Conclusion

Breast density notification was well received by most clients; however, knowledge about associated risk is considered low.

Implications for Public Health

Additional new strategies are required to better engage with general practitioners and clients, to improve breast density education and to develop a personalised screening program in the future.

目的乳腺密度是乳腺癌风险的最强预测因子之一，并显著降低乳房x光检查对乳腺癌的敏感性。在澳大利亚的筛查项目中，乳腺密度通知正变得越来越普遍。这项机会性研究评估了客户对南澳大利亚乳房筛查中心引入乳腺密度通知的反应，包括他们的理解程度、对通知的批准程度和未来的筛查行为。方法参加三个筛查诊所的患者（N=14,833）由南澳大利亚乳腺筛查中心告知其乳房x线摄影乳房密度，并通过Volpara软件程序测量。乳腺密度分为：a -几乎全脂肪组织，b -分散致密组织，c -非均匀致密组织，d -极度致密组织。结果在5137名受访者（34.6%）中，90%的人支持在该项目中继续报告乳房密度。约三分之二的受访者（65%）认为在做出乳房护理决定时需要知情，几乎所有受访者（98.5%）都打算继续进行乳房筛查。所有受访者中有9%报告了对乳腺密度通知的焦虑（乳腺密度类别A/B为4.5%，C/D为16.6%），14%报告了混淆（乳腺密度类别A/B为10.7%，C/D为19.9%）。所有被通知的妇女都被邀请参加一项后续调查，以评估她们对乳腺密度通知的反应。超过22%的人不知道乳房密度与乳腺癌风险有关，55%的人不确定。结论患者对乳腺密度通知的接受程度较高；然而，人们对相关风险的认识很低。对公共卫生的影响需要更多的新战略，以便更好地与全科医生和客户接触，改善乳房密度教育，并在未来制定个性化筛查方案。

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引用次数: 0

Australian Primary Health Care guidelines for childhood growth, health, and development in the early years: A scoping review 澳大利亚儿童生长、健康和早期发育初级卫生保健指南：范围审查

IF 2.6 3区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.anzjph.2025.100248

Dimity Dutch , Lucinda Bell , Sarah C. Hunter , Brittany J. Johnson , Elizabeth Denney-Wilson , Rebecca K. Golley

Objective

The aim of this study was to identify and synthesise recommendations for growth monitoring, health behaviour screening, and health promotion advice within current Australian documents that guide Primary Health Care practitioners to support childhood growth, health, and development in the early years.

Methods

Documents were identified using Google Advanced Search and targeted website searching. An iterative inductive and deductive content analysis was conducted and contextualised using the 5W (who, what, when, where, why) + 1H (how) framework.

Results

All included documents (n = 18) recommended growth monitoring. Recommendations to screen and promote child health behaviours (diet, physical activity, sedentary behaviour, or sleep) were fragmented and provided limited guidance on how to screen and promote child health behaviours in practice.

Conclusions

Documents recognised the importance of screening and promoting child health behaviours in Primary Health Care; however, comprehensive recommendations were limited. Practical tools and resources are needed to enable Primary Health Care practitioners to conduct effective and appropriate screening and health promotion and across all four health behaviour domains.

Implications for Public Health

There is opportunity for guidelines to recommend and integrate health behaviour screening tools into routine PHC practice to better support children’s growth, health, and development in the early years.

本研究的目的是确定和综合澳大利亚现行文件中关于生长监测、健康行为筛查和健康促进建议的建议，这些建议指导初级卫生保健从业人员在早期支持儿童生长、健康和发展。方法采用谷歌高级检索和针对性网站检索对文献进行识别。使用5W（谁，什么，何时，何地，为什么）+ 1H（如何）框架进行了迭代归纳和演绎内容分析并进行了背景化。结果所有纳入的文献（n = 18）均推荐生长监测。筛查和促进儿童健康行为（饮食、身体活动、久坐行为或睡眠）的建议支离破碎，对如何在实践中筛查和促进儿童健康行为提供了有限的指导。文献认识到在初级卫生保健中筛查和促进儿童健康行为的重要性；然而，全面的建议是有限的。需要实用的工具和资源，使初级保健从业人员能够在所有四个健康行为领域进行有效和适当的筛查和健康促进。对公共卫生的影响有机会制定指南，推荐健康行为筛查工具并将其纳入初级保健的常规实践，以更好地支持儿童早期的生长、健康和发育。

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引用次数: 0

Yarning with a remote Aboriginal community about the next steps for achieving healthy skin 与偏远原住民社区一起学习实现健康皮肤的下一步措施

IF 2.6 3区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.anzjph.2025.100242

Rebecca Dalton , Erin Victor , Hannah M.M. Thomas , Stephanie L. Enkel , Bep Uink , Rebecca Bennett , Slade Sibosado , Asha C. Bowen

Objective

Skin health is widely recognised as being important for overall good health and well-being, yet the burden of skin infections in remote Aboriginal communities remains high. This project aimed to explore if virtual support for skin health could be a strategy to reduce community barriers to skin health engagement.

Methods

This study collected qualitative data using a yarning methodology within a participatory action research design. A community co-researcher who was intimately familiar with the Country, language, and community in which this study was based was employed to guide the research process.

Results

The final dataset comprised of interviews with 21 participants. Three primary themes were identified including: Reach Further into the Community with Education and Skin Checks, Virtual Skin Health Support is not Preferred but Acceptable, and Environmental Health Cannot be Ignored.

Conclusions

Participants provided several suggestions on improving health promotion messaging within community whilst emphasising the need for a stronger focus on environmental health. The employment of a community co-researcher was integral to informing the methodology.

Implications for Public Health

This project provides further evidence of the significance of community engagement, inclusion and capacity building when conducting research in remote Aboriginal communities and the benefits of two-way learning as foundational to good research practices.

皮肤健康被广泛认为对整体健康和福祉很重要，但在偏远的土著社区，皮肤感染的负担仍然很高。该项目旨在探索对皮肤健康的虚拟支持是否可以成为减少社区参与皮肤健康障碍的一种策略。方法本研究采用参与式行动研究设计中的编织方法收集定性数据。我们聘请了一位对研究所在国家、语言和社区非常熟悉的社区合作研究员来指导研究过程。结果最终数据集包括对21名参与者的访谈。确定了三个主要主题，包括：通过教育和皮肤检查进一步深入社区，虚拟皮肤健康支持不是首选，但可以接受，环境健康不容忽视。结论与会者就改善社区内健康促进信息传递提出了若干建议，同时强调需要更加关注环境卫生。聘用一名社区共同研究员是提供研究方法的必要条件。该项目进一步证明了在偏远土著社区开展研究时社区参与、包容和能力建设的重要性，以及双向学习作为良好研究实践基础的好处。

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引用次数: 0

Suboptimal industry adherence to the design specifications of the mandatory pregnancy warning label 行业对强制性怀孕警告标签设计规范的遵守不够理想

IF 2.6 3区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.anzjph.2025.100236

Asad Yusoff , Bella Sträuli , Alexandra Jones , Paula O’Brien , Jacquie Bowden , Michelle Jongenelis , Aimee Brownbill , Tim Stockwell , Simone Pettigrew

Objective

To assess whether products sold in the Australian alcohol market are displaying the mandatory pregnancy warning label as per the design requirements.

Methods

Between June and November 2023, data collectors photographed 5,964 unique alcoholic products from three Sydney alcohol retailers. A random sample of 20% of the 3,760 products displaying the mandatory pregnancy warning label was analysed to assess whether they met the design requirements outlined in the Food Standards Code.

Results

Across the sample, 11% of products displaying the mandatory pregnancy label did not do so correctly. Adherence was lowest for spirits (73%), then wine (90%), beer (94%) and premix (97%). In terms of package type, adherence was lowest for individual beverages in containers >800 ml in volume (74%).

Conclusions

The findings indicate that the application of the mandatory pregnancy warning label may be suboptimal in the Australian alcohol market. The lower adherence among spirits and wine products is concerning given their higher alcohol content.

Implications for Public Health

For the effectiveness of the mandatory pregnancy warning label to be optimised, it must be displayed as per specifications. There is a need for ongoing compliance monitoring to improve adherence.

目的评估在澳大利亚酒类市场销售的产品是否按照设计要求显示了强制性的怀孕警告标签。方法：在2023年6月至11月期间，数据收集人员拍摄了来自悉尼三家酒类零售商的5964种独特的酒精产品。从3760件贴有强制性怀孕警告标签的产品中随机抽取20%的样本进行分析，以评估它们是否符合《食品标准守则》中概述的设计要求。结果在整个样本中，11%的产品没有正确显示强制怀孕标签。坚持饮用烈酒的比例最低（73%），其次是葡萄酒（90%）、啤酒（94%）和预混酒（97%）。就包装类型而言，在容量为800毫升的容器中，个人饮料的依从性最低（74%）。结论研究结果表明，强制性妊娠警告标签在澳大利亚酒类市场的应用可能不够理想。鉴于酒精含量较高，烈酒和葡萄酒产品的低依从性令人担忧。对公众健康的影响为优化强制性怀孕警告标签的有效性，必须按规格显示。需要进行持续的依从性监测，以改善依从性。

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引用次数: 0

Breaking bones and the rules: An audit of paediatric e-scooter trauma in a regional Queensland hospital 骨折和规则：对昆士兰州一家地区医院儿科电动滑板车创伤的审计。

IF 2.6 3区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.anzjph.2025.100245

Matthew Clanfield , Isabelle Sharman

Objective

To retrospectively analyse paediatric electronic scooter (e-scooter) injuries presenting to the Sunshine Coast University Hospital by evaluating trauma severity and compliance with safety regulations to help inform policy discussions.

Methods

A retrospective review of paediatric e-scooter trauma presentations between January 1, 2023, and December 31, 2024, was conducted using emergency department records. Data collected included demographics, incident mechanisms, helmet use, two persons riding one e-scooter “doubling”, speed, imaging requirements and paediatric trauma scores.

Results

A total of 176 cases were identified, with a median age of 14 years and 71% were male. Falls accounted for 78% of crashes, while 13% involved motor vehicles. Helmet non-compliance was documented in 42% of the presentations, 12% involved doubling, and 36% exceeded the 25 km/hr speed limit. Fractures occurred in 37% of cases, 18% required computerised tomography scans and 11% sustained life-threatening or potentially life-threatening injuries.

Conclusions

E-scooters pose a significant safety risk to paediatric users and this study highlights gaps in safety compliance.

Implications for Public Health

This study highlights the high risk e-scooters pose to Queenland’s youth. It is our belief that minimum age limit for e-scooters should be raised to 16 years old until improved safety measures prove effective. Dr Clanfield is currently engaging with the Queensland Government to advocate for policy review. This report’s data helps to inform other doctors and policymakers about the dangers of e-scooter use in young people.

目的：通过评估创伤严重程度和安全法规遵守情况，回顾性分析阳光海岸大学医院儿科电动滑板车（e-scooter）损伤，为政策讨论提供信息。方法：回顾性分析2023年1月1日至2024年12月31日期间的儿科电动滑板车创伤表现，并使用急诊科记录进行分析。收集的数据包括人口统计、事故机制、头盔使用、两人骑一辆电动滑板车“加倍”、速度、成像要求和儿科创伤评分。结果：共发现176例，中位年龄14岁，男性占71%。坠落事故占撞车事故的78%，而机动车事故占13%。42%的演示中记录了不遵守头盔规定，12%涉及加倍，36%超过25公里/小时的速度限制。37%的病例发生骨折，18%的病例需要计算机断层扫描，11%的病例发生危及生命或潜在危及生命的损伤。结论：电动滑板车对儿童使用者构成重大安全风险，本研究突出了安全合规方面的差距。对公众健康的影响：这项研究强调了电动滑板车对昆士兰年轻人构成的高风险。我们认为，在改进的安全措施证明有效之前，电动滑板车的最低年龄限制应该提高到16岁。克兰菲尔德博士目前正在与昆士兰州政府合作，倡导进行政策审查。这份报告的数据有助于告知其他医生和政策制定者关于年轻人使用电动滑板车的危险。

{"title":"Breaking bones and the rules: An audit of paediatric e-scooter trauma in a regional Queensland hospital","authors":"Matthew Clanfield , Isabelle Sharman","doi":"10.1016/j.anzjph.2025.100245","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anzjph.2025.100245","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To retrospectively analyse paediatric electronic scooter (e-scooter) injuries presenting to the Sunshine Coast University Hospital by evaluating trauma severity and compliance with safety regulations to help inform policy discussions.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective review of paediatric e-scooter trauma presentations between January 1, 2023, and December 31, 2024, was conducted using emergency department records. Data collected included demographics, incident mechanisms, helmet use, two persons riding one e-scooter “doubling”, speed, imaging requirements and paediatric trauma scores.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 176 cases were identified, with a median age of 14 years and 71% were male. Falls accounted for 78% of crashes, while 13% involved motor vehicles. Helmet non-compliance was documented in 42% of the presentations, 12% involved doubling, and 36% exceeded the 25 km/hr speed limit. Fractures occurred in 37% of cases, 18% required computerised tomography scans and 11% sustained life-threatening or potentially life-threatening injuries.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>E-scooters pose a significant safety risk to paediatric users and this study highlights gaps in safety compliance.</div></div><div><h3>Implications for Public Health</h3><div>This study highlights the high risk e-scooters pose to Queenland’s youth. It is our belief that minimum age limit for e-scooters should be raised to 16 years old until improved safety measures prove effective. Dr Clanfield is currently engaging with the Queensland Government to advocate for policy review. This report’s data helps to inform other doctors and policymakers about the dangers of e-scooter use in young people.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8620,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health","volume":"49 3","pages":"Article 100245"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144224172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Examining zoonotic notifications in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander populations over time: An analysis of the National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System from 1996-2021 审查土著和托雷斯海峡岛民人口的人畜共患病报告：1996-2021年国家法定疾病监测系统的分析

IF 2.6 3区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.anzjph.2025.100239

Tamara Riley , Raymond Lovett , Neil E. Anderson , Anna Meredith , Bonny Cumming , Joanne Thandrayen

Objective

This paper utilised the National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System database to analyse the commonly notified zoonotic disease presentations in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander populations over 25 years, from 1996-2021.

Methods

We analysed the top four zoonotic notifications using a descriptive analysis, a time series analysis assessing the trends and seasonal indices, and a de-seasonalised analysis to assess the years contributing to an increase above the trend.

Results

Results show an increase in notifications for salmonellosis and campylobacteriosis over the last 10 years. On average, all diseases saw an increase in notifications above the trend in Q1 (Jan-Mar) and less so Q2 (Apr-Jun), and a decrease in notifications below the trend in Q3 (Jul-Sep) and less so in Q4 (Oct-Dec), which is aligned with increases in zoonotic notifications in Australia’s hotter and wetter months.

Conclusion

The results present zoonotic notifications in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander populations over time and highlight potential implications of climate change due to increasing notifications, and increasing temperatures and extreme weather events in recent years.

Implications for public health

The findings can inform preventative health approaches for zoonoses in Indigenous populations, with One Health approaches recommended.

目的利用国家法定传染病监测系统数据库，分析1996-2021年25年间原住民和托雷斯海峡岛民人群中常见的人畜共患病报告。方法采用描述性分析、评估趋势和季节指数的时间序列分析以及非季节性分析来评估导致趋势以上增长的年份，对排名前4位的人畜共患病通报进行了分析。结果显示，在过去10年中，沙门氏菌病和弯曲杆菌病的通报有所增加。平均而言，所有疾病的通报量在第一季度（1 - 3月）高于趋势，第二季度（4 - 6月）低于趋势，第三季度（7 - 9月）低于趋势，第四季度（10 - 12月）低于趋势，这与澳大利亚炎热潮湿月份人畜共患病通报量的增加相一致。结论研究结果揭示了近年来土著人和托雷斯海峡岛民人畜共患病通报情况的变化趋势，并强调了气候变化、气温升高和极端天气事件的潜在影响。研究结果可为土著人群人畜共患病的预防性卫生措施提供信息，建议采用“同一个健康”方法。

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引用次数: 0

The impact of redesigned advance notification letters on intention to screen for bowel cancer: a randomised controlled experiment 重新设计的提前通知信对肠癌筛查意向的影响：一项随机对照实验

IF 2.6 3区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.anzjph.2025.100246

Katelyn E. Collins , Michael J. Ireland , Larry S. Myers , Mark A. Jenkins , Jennifer G. McIntosh , Carlene J. Wilson , Natalie Taylor , Belinda C. Goodwin

Objectives

The aim of this study was to examine the impact of redesigned advance notification letters on screening intention and the moderating role of screening barriers/facilitators.

Methods

In an online survey, 562 Australians aged 50–74 years were randomised to view one of three letters: the current letter (control) or one of two redesigns with enhanced graphics and evidence-based messaging. Participants rated their screening intention before and after viewing, with screening barriers and facilitators also measured.

Results

The redesigned letters did not increase screening intention over the control [control vs. Redesign 1: the estimated effect of the predictors (b)=0.12, p=0.204; control vs. Redesign 2: b=0.07, p=0.471]. Higher self-efficacy (b=0.12, p<0.001), perceived benefits (b=0.12, p<0.001), lower autonomy concerns (b=−0.23, p<0.001), avoidance (b=−0.16, p=0.004), disgust (b=−0.12, p=0.011) and perceived difficulty (b=−0.02, p<0.001) moderated the letters’ effect on intention for all letter versions.

Conclusions

Advance notification letters increase intention, with certain reactions (e.g. high self-efficacy and perceived benefits) enhancing this effect. Design and content changes may not improve impact beyond the letter’s intrinsic effect.

Implications for Public Health

Multi-pronged approaches may better address individual barriers. Exploring digital formats may enhance advanced notification effects.

目的探讨重新设计的提前通知信对筛查意向的影响，以及筛查障碍/促进因素的调节作用。方法在一项在线调查中，562名年龄在50-74岁之间的澳大利亚人被随机分配观看三种信件中的一种：当前信件（对照）或两种重新设计的信件（增强图形和循证信息）中的一种。参与者在观看之前和之后评估了他们的观看意图，也测量了观看障碍和促进者。结果重新设计的字母没有比对照增加筛查意愿[对照与重新设计1：预测因子的估计效果(b)=0.12, p=0.204；对照组vs.重新设计2:b=0.07, p=0.471]。较高的自我效能（b=0.12, p<0.001）、感知到的利益（b=0.12, p<0.001）、较低的自主性关注（b= - 0.23, p<0.001）、回避（b= - 0.16, p=0.004）、厌恶（b= - 0.12, p=0.011）和感知到的困难（b= - 0.02, p<0.001）调节了字母对所有字母版本意图的影响。结论提前通知信增加了意向，某些反应（如高自我效能和感知利益）增强了这种作用。设计和内容的改变可能不会提高信件的内在效果之外的影响。对公共卫生的影响多管齐下的方法可能更好地解决个人障碍。探索数字格式可以增强高级通知效果。

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引用次数: 0

Small-area geographical variation in the prevalence of diabetes amongst Australian youth aged <20 years in 2021 2021年澳大利亚20岁以下青年糖尿病患病率的小区域地理差异

IF 2.6 3区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.anzjph.2025.100234

Ewan Cameron , Song Zhang , Aveni Haynes , Peter W. Gething

Objectives

To characterise small-area geographical variation in the prevalence of diabetes in Australian youth.

Methods

A combined statistical reconstruction and small-area estimation algorithm was applied to privacy-modulated data from the 2021 Australian Census. The census instrument and reconstruction accuracy was examined by comparisons against a hospital-based register and community register. Diabetes prevalence maps were created from the small-area estimates.

Results

The median and interquartile range of estimated diabetes prevalence by small-area unit under our geospatial smoothing model were 1.76 [1.49–1.97] cases per 1000 population for those aged 0–14 years and 5.2 [4.4–5.9] cases per 1000 population for those aged 15–19 years old. Concentrations of elevated prevalence were identified in the vicinities of regional towns across South-East Queensland, regional New South Wales and regional Victoria. Across each of Australia’s five largest cities a gradient of decreasing youth diabetes prevalence from the outer suburbs to the urban centre was identified.

Conclusion

Diabetes burden is systematically higher among rural and peri-urban resident youth in Australia compared with their urban counterparts.

Implications for Public Health

Hotspots of prevalence in regional areas deserve attention from public health authorities.

目的：描述澳大利亚青少年糖尿病患病率的小区域地理差异。方法：采用统计重建和小区域估计相结合的算法对2021年澳大利亚人口普查的隐私调制数据进行分析。通过与以医院为基础的登记册和社区登记册进行比较，检查了普查工具和重建的准确性。糖尿病患病率地图是根据小区域估计绘制的。结果：在我们的地理空间平滑模型下，小区域单位估计的糖尿病患病率的中位数和四分位数范围为0-14岁的每1000人中有1.76[1.49-1.97]例，15-19岁的每1000人中有5.2[4.4-5.9]例。在昆士兰东南部、新南威尔士州和维多利亚州的区域城镇附近，发现了患病率升高的浓度。在澳大利亚五个最大的城市中，青年糖尿病患病率从远郊到市中心呈下降趋势。结论：与城市居民相比，澳大利亚农村和城郊居民青年的糖尿病负担更高。对公共卫生的影响：区域流行热点应引起公共卫生当局的注意。

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引用次数: 0

Potentially preventable hospitalisations for Aboriginal children with experience of out-of-home care: a data linkage study 具有家庭外护理经验的土著儿童可能可预防的住院：一项数据联系研究

IF 2.6 3区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.anzjph.2025.100249

Benjamin Harrap , Alison Gibberd , Melissa O’Donnell , Koen Simons , Sandra Eades

Objective

To compare potentially preventable hospitalisation (PPH) rates and types of conditions for Aboriginal children by exposure to out-of-home care (OOHC) and estimate the effect of first OOHC placement on PPH rates.

Methods

A retrospective longitudinal study of linked hospitalisation and child protection data for a matched cohort of Aboriginal children born in Western Australia between 2000 and 2013 using observed and predicted rates.

Results

Incidence rate of PPH bed days was 2.3 times higher for children ever-placed in OOHC than never-placed children. Diagnosed conditions showed no difference between ever and never-placed children across all ages. On average, PPH bed days reduced by 11% (95% confidence interval: 3% to 18%) following the first OOHC placement but never reached parity with never-placed children. For dental and otitis media-related PPHs, rates increased following first placement.

Conclusions

Children with experience of OOHC had greater rates of PPH bed days which persisted despite reductions following first OOHC placement.

Implications for Public Health

Healthcare system capacity, cultural safety, and access, as well as the material conditions of families at risk of CPS intervention, all need to be improved if rates of PPHs are to be reduced.

目的比较原住民儿童暴露于户外护理（OOHC）的潜在可预防住院率（PPH）和条件类型，并估计首次OOHC安置对PPH率的影响。方法对2000年至2013年在西澳大利亚出生的一组匹配的土著儿童的相关住院和儿童保护数据进行回顾性纵向研究，使用观察到的和预测的比率。结果住院儿童PPH住院日发生率是未住院儿童的2.3倍。在所有年龄段，被诊断出的疾病在曾经和从未被安置的儿童之间没有区别。平均而言，在首次OOHC安置后，PPH的住院天数减少了11%(95%置信区间：3%至18%)，但从未达到与从未安置的儿童相同的水平。对于牙齿和中耳炎相关的PPHs，首次放置后发生率增加。结论有OOHC经历的儿童PPH住院天数的比例更高，尽管首次OOHC安置后PPH住院天数减少，但PPH住院天数仍然存在。对公共卫生的影响医疗系统的能力，文化安全和获取，以及有CPS干预风险的家庭的物质条件，都需要改善，如果pph率要降低。

{"title":"Potentially preventable hospitalisations for Aboriginal children with experience of out-of-home care: a data linkage study","authors":"Benjamin Harrap , Alison Gibberd , Melissa O’Donnell , Koen Simons , Sandra Eades","doi":"10.1016/j.anzjph.2025.100249","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anzjph.2025.100249","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To compare potentially preventable hospitalisation (PPH) rates and types of conditions for Aboriginal children by exposure to out-of-home care (OOHC) and estimate the effect of first OOHC placement on PPH rates.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective longitudinal study of linked hospitalisation and child protection data for a matched cohort of Aboriginal children born in Western Australia between 2000 and 2013 using observed and predicted rates.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Incidence rate of PPH bed days was 2.3 times higher for children ever-placed in OOHC than never-placed children. Diagnosed conditions showed no difference between ever and never-placed children across all ages. On average, PPH bed days reduced by 11% (95% confidence interval: 3% to 18%) following the first OOHC placement but never reached parity with never-placed children. For dental and otitis media-related PPHs, rates increased following first placement.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Children with experience of OOHC had greater rates of PPH bed days which persisted despite reductions following first OOHC placement.</div></div><div><h3>Implications for Public Health</h3><div>Healthcare system capacity, cultural safety, and access, as well as the material conditions of families at risk of CPS intervention, all need to be improved if rates of PPHs are to be reduced.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8620,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health","volume":"49 3","pages":"Article 100249"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144166514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

What about 100% juice and non-sugar sweeteners? A national study of support for taxes, labelling and marketing bans applied to sugary drinks, non-sugar sweetened beverages and 100% juice in Australia 100%果汁和无糖甜味剂怎么样？一项全国性的研究支持对含糖饮料、无糖饮料和100%果汁实施税收、标签和营销禁令。

IF 2.6 3区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.anzjph.2025.100238

Caroline Miller , Kerry Ettridge , Enola Kay , Joanne Dono

Objective

To assess levels of support for potential policy interventions (labelling, banning marketing to children, taxes) to reduce sugar-sweetened beverage consumption; and to assess levels of support when these policies were extended to non-sugar sweetened beverages and 100% fruit juice.

Methods

Data, collected via a nationally representative online survey of Australian adults (N=2,876), measured support (5-point Likert scales; strongly/somewhat in favour/against, or neutral) for front-of-pack warning labels, banning marketing to children, and taxes, applied to the three beverages. Chi-square (unadjusted) and logistic regressions (adjusted) assessed support.

Results

Support was highest for sugar-sweetened beverage policies, followed by non-sugar-sweetened beverages, and lowest for juice. Across all beverages, support was highest for labelling (83%, 82%, 71%, respectively), followed by marketing bans (73%, 60%, 25%), and taxes (56%, 39%, 14%). Support was typically lower among younger, less educated, most socioeconomically disadvantaged and regular consumers.

Conclusions

Results indicate high receptiveness among the Australian community for beverage policies, especially warning labels, with lower receptiveness towards some policies targeting juice.

Implications for Public Health

These findings can inform the development of effective public health strategies for encouraging healthier beverage consumption, and point to prioritising front-of-pack warning labels, given the consistently high support for this policy.

目的：评估对潜在政策干预（标签、禁止向儿童推销、税收）的支持程度，以减少含糖饮料的消费；并评估当这些政策扩展到无糖饮料和100%果汁时的支持水平。方法：通过一项具有全国代表性的澳大利亚成年人在线调查（N=2,876）收集数据，测量支持度(5点李克特量表；强烈/多少支持/反对，或中立)支持包装前警告标签，禁止向儿童推销，并对这三种饮料征税。卡方（未调整）和逻辑回归（调整）评估支持度。结果：对含糖饮料政策的支持度最高，其次是无糖饮料政策，对果汁政策的支持度最低。在所有饮料中，对标签的支持度最高（分别为83%、82%和71%），其次是营销禁令（73%、60%、25%）和税收（56%、39%、14%）。年轻人、受教育程度较低、社会经济地位较低和普通消费者的支持率通常较低。结论：结果表明，澳大利亚社区对饮料政策的接受度很高，尤其是警告标签，对一些针对果汁的政策的接受度较低。对公共卫生的影响：这些发现可以为制定有效的公共卫生策略提供信息，以鼓励更健康的饮料消费，并指出在一贯高度支持这一政策的情况下，应优先考虑包装正面的警告标签。

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引用次数: 0