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Vacuum Ohmic Heating: A Promising Technology for the Improvement of Tomato Paste Processing, Safety, Quality and Storage Stability 真空欧姆加热:提高番茄酱加工、安全、质量和贮存稳定性的一项有前途的技术
Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.37077/25200860.2023.36.1.18
Asaad R. S. Al-Hilphy, A. Altemimi, Zina T. Alkanan, Aya S. Eweys, Imane Haoujar, F. Cacciola, T. Abedelmaksoud
Ohmic heating (OH) is an electrothermal technology used to inactivate enzyme and microbial activities. This work aimed to study the impact of Ohmic Heating Under Vacuum (OHUV) which compared to conventional heating (CH) as well as storage stability at 5°C and 25 °C on microbial safety, and nutritional quality. The evaluation parameters were pH, titratable acidity, TSS, lycopene, ascorbic acid, PME, HMF, and microbiological activity. The obtained results showed that tomato paste samples that were treated by OHUV are significantly superior to CH in terms of all physicochemical and microbiological characteristics, as well as being the least harmful during storage in both transparent and dark packages. The results showed the changes in ascorbic acid, lycopene, and HMF values that were treated by OHUV at 25 °C and filled in transparent package are most affected compared to other treated samples. On the other hand, tomato paste samples stored in dark packages at 5 °C performed significantly better than those subjected to CH under the same conditions and activated PME the most had higher ascorbic acid and lycopene and fewer changes in HMF during storage time for 90 days. OHUV found to be a good alternative treatment in the production of tomato paste.
欧姆加热(OH)是一种用于灭活酶和微生物活性的电热技术。本研究旨在研究真空下欧姆加热(OHUV)对传统加热(CH)的影响,以及在5°C和25°C下的储存稳定性对微生物安全性和营养品质的影响。评价参数为pH、可滴定酸度、TSS、番茄红素、抗坏血酸、PME、HMF和微生物活性。结果表明,经OHUV处理的番茄酱样品在理化和微生物学方面均明显优于CH,且在透明包装和暗色包装中危害最小。结果表明,25℃OHUV处理透明包装后,抗坏血酸、番茄红素和HMF值的变化受影响最大。另一方面,在5°C的黑暗包装中保存的番茄酱样品在相同条件下的表现明显优于CH,并且在90天的储存时间内,活化的PME具有较高的抗坏血酸和番茄红素,HMF的变化较少。OHUV在番茄酱生产中是一种很好的替代处理方法。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of Coated Methionine and Lysine and Their Combination on Fertility of Awassi Male Sheep 包被蛋氨酸和赖氨酸及其组合对阿瓦西公羊育性的影响
Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-06-28 DOI: 10.37077/25200860.2023.36.1.17
Hanan W. K. Agwaan
This study was conducted to determine the effect of Amino acid Methionine and Lysine on the reproductive performance of male Awassi sheep. Twenty Awassi males aged range 10-12 months and average weight 32± 0.5kg were used in this study, during the period from May to August 2022. The animals were randomly divided into four equal groups. The first group was the control group (T1). In this group, sheep were fed on standard diet without any additive. The second treated group (T2) were fed on standard diet supplemented with coated Methionine (1.5g/sheep/day). The third treated group (T3) were fed on standard diet supplemented with coated Lysine (2.5g/sheep/day). The fourth treated group (T4) were fed on standard diet supplemented with coated Methionine and Lysine at the same doses used in T2 and T3 .The results showed that there was a significant improvement (P≤0.05) in sperm characteristics of T4 as compared to other groups. T4 also showed the highest testosterone levels as compared with the other groups.T4group also showed a well development in the seminiferous tubules, Sertoli cells and Leydig cells as compared withT1.T4 showed the best histological testicular architecture especially Sertoli cells as compared with T1,T2andT3. It was concluded from this study that coated Methionine and Lysine might improve semen characteristics, testosterone levels and male reproductive performance in Awassi male.
本试验旨在研究氨基酸蛋氨酸和赖氨酸对阿瓦西公羊繁殖性能的影响。研究时间为2022年5 - 8月,选取10-12月龄雄性阿瓦西犬20只,平均体重32±0.5kg。这些动物被随机分成四组。第一组为对照组(T1)。本组饲喂标准日粮,不添加任何添加剂。第二处理组(T2)饲喂在标准饲粮中添加包膜蛋氨酸(1.5g/只/d)的试验饲粮。第三处理组(T3)饲喂在标准饲粮中添加包被赖氨酸(2.5g/只/d)的试验饲粮。第四处理组(T4)在标准饲粮中添加与T2和T3相同剂量的包膜蛋氨酸和赖氨酸。结果表明,与其他组相比,T4组的精子特征有显著改善(P≤0.05)。与其他组相比,T4组的睾丸激素水平也最高。与t1组相比,t4组的精小管、支持细胞和间质细胞发育良好。与T1、t2和t3相比,T4表现出最好的睾丸组织学结构,尤其是支持细胞。由此可见,包被蛋氨酸和赖氨酸可改善阿瓦西雄性精液特征、睾酮水平和雄性生殖性能。
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引用次数: 0
Impact of Using Date Juice as a Carbon Source on Curdlan Produced by a Local Isolate of Agrobacterium leguminum 以枣汁为碳源对豆科农杆菌本地分离株产凝乳的影响
Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-06-28 DOI: 10.37077/25200860.2023.36.1.13
Yaqob S. S. Al-Rumaidh, S. T. Al-Sahlany, Haider. I. Ali
Agrobacterium species are responsible for the production of the polysaccharide known as curdlan. The curdlan was produced from 10 isolates that were collected from a variety of local sources, including as agricultural soils, root nodules, and plant roots. The isolates were identified by examinations using morphological, microscopic, and biochemical tests. After testing the isolates to see which ones could produce the most curdlan, the A2 isolate finally emerged with a production capacity of 29.2 g.L-1. According to the findings, the production of curdlan was increased using the modified medium that contained date juice at a concentration of 26.4 mL.100 mL-1 of the production medium. The resultant yield was 30.7 g.L-1, which was the highest possible yield. The identification of curdlan was validated by the utilization of FTIR, NMR, and HPLC techniques. The modified medium had the capability of being utilized in the production of curdlan from agricultural waste products.
农杆菌负责生产被称为凝乳多糖的多糖。该菌株是从当地各种来源(包括农业土壤、根瘤和植物根系)收集的10株分离株中产生的。通过形态学、显微镜和生化试验鉴定分离株。在对分离株进行测试以确定哪一株能产生最多凝乳蛋白后,最终产生了A2分离株,其生产能力为29.2 g.L-1。实验结果表明,使用含有浓度为26.4 ml、100 mL-1的枣汁的改性培养基可提高凝乳素的产量。所得产量为30.7 g。L-1是可能的最高产量。利用红外光谱(FTIR)、核磁共振(NMR)和高效液相色谱(HPLC)等技术对其进行鉴定。该改性培养基具有利用农业废弃物生产凝乳的能力。
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引用次数: 0
Behaviour Study of Four Insecticides using different Mathematical Modeling 用不同数学模型研究四种杀虫剂的行为
Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-06-28 DOI: 10.37077/25200860.2023.36.1.15
Jaafar A. Issa, Alaa H. Al-Farttoosy, Abdulnabi A. Matrood
The adsorption, distribution coefficient, Langmuir and Freundlich models and the mathematical evaluation of pesticides have become more interesting from an environmental point of view. The outcomes revealed that indoxacarb, imidacloprid, and lambda-cyhalothrin are subjected to the Pseudo-first order reaction (PFO). The rate of degradation was reached, into 0.01, 0.07, and 0.04 a minute respectively. While chlorantraniliprole reached 0.00002 a minute. This indicates that these insecticides are decreasing in their concentrations depending only on the time. Hence, the time required to decrease 50% of each insecticide (DT50) was various periods. The DT50 for indoxacarb, imidacloprid, and lambda-cyhalothrin, and chlorantraniliprole 3.2, 1.9, 10.1, and 2.3 days respectively. The distribution Coefficient Kd as well scored (5.25, 1.30, 0.562, and 0.639) mL g-1 respectively. This indicated that indoxacarb, imidacloprid has a mobility behaviour, while the lambda-cyhalothrin and chlorantraniliprole are less mobile in the soil. In terms of Freundlich model (aF), chlorantraniliprole 2.82 and lambda-cyhalothrin 2.75 are more fit than indoxacarb 0.013 L g-1 and imidacloprid 0.249 L g-1 subjected to the Langmuir model (KL).
从环境的角度来看,吸附、分布系数、Langmuir和Freundlich模型以及农药的数学评价变得更加有趣。结果表明,茚虫威、吡虫啉和高效氯氟氰菊酯发生伪一级反应。降解速率分别达到0.01、0.07和0.04 / min。而氯虫腈达到每分钟0.00002。这表明这些杀虫剂的浓度仅随时间而下降。因此,每种杀虫剂(DT50)减少50%所需的时间是不同时期的。茚虫威、吡虫啉、高效氯氟氰菊酯和氯虫虫腈的杀伤时间分别为3.2、1.9、10.1和2.3 d。分布系数Kd分别为5.25、1.30、0.562和0.639 mL g-1。说明茚虫威、吡虫啉在土壤中具有迁移性,而高效氯氰菊酯和氯虫腈在土壤中迁移性较差。在Freundlich模型(aF)下,氯虫腈2.82和高效氯氰菊酯2.75比茚虫威0.013 L g-1和吡虫啉0.249 L g-1更适合Langmuir模型(KL)。
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引用次数: 0
First Morphological and Molecular (28S rDNA) Characterization of Eudiplozoon nipponicum (Monogenea, Diplozoidae) parasitizing Cyprinus carpio, Kurdistan Region, Iraq 伊拉克库尔德斯坦地区寄生鲤鱼的日本真plozoicum(单属,双plozoiae)的形态和分子(28S rDNA)鉴定
Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-06-28 DOI: 10.37077/25200860.2023.36.1.16
Q. Koyee, S. Abdullah
The present study is the first morphological and molecular characterization of a monogenean Eudiplozoon nipponicum (Goto, 1891) parasitizing gill filaments of common carps (Cyprinus carpio) obtained from the Lesser Zab River in northeastern Iraq in the subdistrict of Altun-Kopru from July to October 2022 and transported to the Laboratory of Zoology Research, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Iraq. Most previous studies regarding the considered parasite have targeted morphological data analysis. However, DNA sequence outline is typically supportive in systematics, since it contains aspects that are absent from morphological research. The main goal was to molecularly identify E. nipponicum utilizing the nuclear 28S rDNA region by PCR and nucleotide sequencing approach. The sequences were obtained and compared to the accessible GenBank sequences. The results justify the validation of E. nipponicum in Iraq using traditional (morphology-based) and modern (molecular-based) parasitological techniques. The latter one showed 99.11% (identity percentage) of E. nipponicum in comparison to the registered sequences of NCBI. Additionally, this was considered the first wide-ranging morphological and molecular study in the studied region. The phylogenetic relationship was concluded using Maximum Likelihood (ML) method. It was concluded that besides of the morphological characterization of E. nipponicum, PCR sequencing was considered a suitable molecular method for recognizing monogenean diplozoid species on the fishes.
本研究首次对一种寄生在普通鲤鱼鳃丝上的单系日本真plozoon nipponicum (Goto, 1891)进行了形态学和分子鉴定,该鱼于2022年7月至10月在伊拉克东北部Altun-Kopru地区的Lesser Zab河中获得,并被运送到伊拉克Salahaddin大学- erbil动物研究实验室。大多数先前关于被认为是寄生虫的研究都针对形态数据分析。然而,DNA序列大纲在系统学中是典型的支持,因为它包含了形态学研究中缺乏的方面。主要目的是利用核28S rDNA区,采用PCR和核苷酸测序的方法对日本血吸虫进行分子鉴定。获得序列并与可访问的GenBank序列进行比较。这些结果证明了传统的(基于形态学的)和现代的(基于分子的)寄生虫学技术在伊拉克的有效性。后者与NCBI注册序列的同源性为99.11%(同源率)。此外,这被认为是研究地区第一次广泛的形态学和分子研究。采用最大似然(ML)方法确定了系统发育关系。结果表明,除了形态特征外,PCR测序是识别单系二倍体鱼类的一种合适的分子方法。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluating the Susceptibility of Some Wheat Varieties to Infestation of Khapra beetle (Trogoderma granarium Everts) Under Storage Conditions 几种小麦品种贮藏条件下对卡氏甲虫易感性的评价
Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-06-28 DOI: 10.37077/25200860.2023.36.1.12
Batol A. Karso
This study was conducted to evaluate the susceptibility of eighteen Iraqi wheat varieties against the infestation of Khapra beetle Trogoderma granaruimnine Everts; nine varieties of durum wheat  Triticum turgidum  Desf. (Um Rabei, Aksad65, Cham3. Bakrajo-1, Semeto, Creso, Baghdad2, Zain Turk, Sardar), and nine varieties of bread wheat  T. aestivum L. (Jihan99, Azza, Cham6, Tamuz2, Adnaniya, Adana, Ibaa99, Azadi, and Abu-Ghraib) were selected. Results showed that the Abu-Ghraib and Azza varieties were the most resistant to infested by the beetles; the total of insect’s population reached 4.8, and 5 insects.100 g-1 of wheat, respectively. Growth rate of 0 and 0.1 insect/month-1, loss of weight grains of 1.6 and 1.9 %, and the decreasing germination of grains (4.81, and 0.6)% were recorded for both varieties, respectively. While var. Semeto was susceptible to the infestation; the insect population attained 1238.8 insects.100 g-1 of wheat with a growth rate of 82.3 insect/month-1; also the loss of weight grains was 58.5 % and the loss of germination of grains increased to 84.3%. To conclude, this study demonstrated that the durum wheat showed higher susceptibility than bread varieties.
以伊拉克18个小麦品种为研究对象,研究了小麦品种对卡布拉甲虫(Trogoderma granaruimine Everts)的易感性。九种硬粒小麦(Triticum turgidum Desf)Um Rabei, Aksad65, Cham3。选择Bakrajo-1、Semeto、Creso、Baghdad2、Zain Turk、Sardar)和9个面包小麦品种(Jihan99、Azza、Cham6、Tamuz2、Adnaniya、Adana、Ibaa99、Azadi和Abu-Ghraib)。结果表明,Abu-Ghraib和Azza品种对天牛侵染的抗性最强;昆虫总数达4.8只,昆虫5只。分别是100克小麦。两个品种的生长速率分别为0和0.1只/月,籽粒失重率分别为1.6和1.9%,籽粒发芽率分别为4.81和0.6 %。而塞米托易受虫害影响;昆虫总数达到1238.8只。小麦100 g-1,生长速率为82.3只/月;籽粒重损失率达58.5%,籽粒萌发损失率达84.3%。综上所述,本研究表明硬粒小麦比面包品种具有更高的易感性。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of Soil Amendments on Leaching of Thiamethoxam in Alluvial and Calcareous Soil 土壤改良剂对硫虫嗪在冲积和钙质土壤中淋溶的影响
Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-06-28 DOI: 10.37077/25200860.2023.36.1.14
Mohamed R. Fouad
In this study, peat, compost and charcoal were added to reduce groundwater pollution with thiamethoxam by soil columns. Iodide has been used as a water tracer at a rate of 10 mL (0.1 M) for each soil column and that leached fast in all soil columns. The breakthrough curve of thiamethoxam was appeared from leachates of calcareous soil column and alluvial soil column with iodide. Accordingly it is considered thiamethoxam is highly mobile compound in tested soils. The addition of soil amendments reduced downward movement and significantly increased cumulative percentage of thiamethoxam from soil columns. After application; 85.21, 93.23, 98.12 and 97.84 % of applied thiamethoxam were recovered in leachates of alluvial soil, 5% peat-soil, 5% compost-soil and 5% charcoal-soil. While; 91.50, 99.30, 94.09 and 86.89 % from calcareous soil, 5% peat-soil, 5% compost-soil and 5% charcoal-soil columns. This is first study to assess, leaching of thiamethoxam and effect of soil amendments on leaching by soil columns. This information can be used to understand how alterations in agricultural practices and potential effects to groundwater.
本研究采用泥炭、堆肥和木炭作为土壤柱,减少噻虫嗪对地下水的污染。碘化物被用作水示踪剂,每根土壤柱的速率为10 mL (0.1 M),在所有土壤柱中都能快速浸出。在含碘钙质土柱和冲积土柱的渗滤液中出现噻虫嗪的突破曲线。因此,认为噻虫嗪在试验土壤中是一种高流动性的化合物。土壤改良剂的添加减少了土壤的向下运动,显著增加了土壤柱中噻虫嗪的累积百分比。在应用程序;冲积土、5%泥炭土、5%堆肥土和5%炭土渗滤液中施用噻虫脒的回收率分别为85.21%、93.23%、98.12%和97.84%。而;分别为91.50%、99.30%、94.09和86.89%,分别为钙质土柱、5%泥炭土柱、5%堆肥土柱和5%炭土柱。这是第一次研究噻虫嗪的淋溶和土壤改良剂对土壤柱淋溶的影响。这些信息可用于了解农业实践的变化及其对地下水的潜在影响。
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引用次数: 2
Detection of SNPs in FABP4 Gene and Its Relationship with Milk Quality Traits in Iraqi Jenoubi Cows 伊拉克杰诺比奶牛FABP4基因snp检测及其与乳品质性状的关系
Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-06-28 DOI: 10.37077/25200860.2023.36.1.11
Salah H. Faraj, Widya Pintaka Bayu Putra, Thobela Louis Tyasi
Jenoubi cattle breed classified as a Bos indicus L., is one of Iraqi indigenous cattle that kept for milk production purpose, but the influence of fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4) on milk-related traits remain poorly understood. The current study was conducted to investigate the effect of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the FABP4 gene of Jenoubi cows. The DNA samples were extracted from the blood of 21 cows. Along 565-bp nucleotide (nt) amplicon from the intron 2- exon 3- intron 3 of FABP4 was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) while forward sequencing was used to detect SNPs and results were analyzed using bioinformatics software. The findings resulted the existence of two SNPs (c.3689G>A and c.3709G>C) in the exon 3 and four SNPs (g.3494A>C, g.3531A>T, g.3743T>C and g.3765T>C) in the intron regions. Therefore, three haplotypes of FABP4 gene were obtained in this study based on three SNPs of g.3494A>C, g.3531A>T and g.3765T>C. Nonetheless, those haplotypes were not significantly influencing to the milk quality traits of Jenoubi cows. However, the SNPs examined in this study might not be used as potential DNA marker to improve milk production traits of the current breed.
耶努比牛是伊拉克产乳牛品种之一,但脂肪酸结合蛋白4 (FABP4)对产乳性状的影响尚不清楚。本研究旨在探讨Jenoubi奶牛FABP4基因单核苷酸多态性(snp)的影响。DNA样本是从21头牛的血液中提取的。采用聚合酶链式反应(PCR)扩增FABP4内含子2-外显子3-内含子3全长565 bp核苷酸扩增子,采用正向测序检测snp,并用生物信息学软件对结果进行分析。结果表明,外显子3区存在2个snp (C . 3689g >A和C . 3709g >C),内含子区存在4个snp (g.3494A>C、g.3531A>T、g.3743T>C和g.3765T>C)。因此,本研究以g.3494A>C、g.3531A>T和g.3765T>C三个snp为基础,获得了FABP4基因的三个单倍型。但这些单倍型对杰奴比奶牛的乳品质性状影响不显著。然而,本研究中检测的snp可能不会作为潜在的DNA标记来改善当前品种的产奶量性状。
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引用次数: 0
Production of Partially Purified Collagenase from Bacillus licheniformis and It’s Use to Tenderize Aged Buffalo Meat 地衣芽孢杆菌部分纯化胶原酶的制备及其对熟水牛肉的嫩化作用
Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-06-27 DOI: 10.37077/25200860.2023.36.1.07
W. K. Al-Temimi, Salah N. Aziz, A. Khalaf
This study aimed to isolate and identify the Bacillus licheniformis bacteria that produces the enzyme collagenase. Due to the selective nature of this enzyme in breaking down and degrading collagen, it was used to tenderize aged buffalo meat. The bacterial isolates were screened using a selective medium and then grown on collagen-agar medium to identify enzyme-producing isolates. Thirteen enzyme-producing isolates were obtained based on the formation of a transparent corona around the colony. Biochemical assessments of the bacterial isolates were carried out using the ABIS online program. The isolates BL1–BL9, BL12 and BL13 were found to be related to B. licheniformis with a percentage match of 98%, while BL10 and BL11 were related to Bacillus pumilus and Bacillus subtilis with a percentage match of 95% and 95.3%, respectively. The enzyme activity of the isolates varied, with the highest activity reaching 200.71 units.ml-1 for isolate BL12. The enzyme of this isolate was chosen to complete the other tests. The optimal time required to obtain the highest enzymatic activity was found to be 20 h, which amounted to 210.25 units.ml-1, with a specific activity of 135.64 units.ml-1. The enzyme was partially purified using ammonium sulphate at a saturation rate of 20–70% as it showed an enzymatic activity and specificity of 355.81 units.ml-1 and a specific activity of 423.58 units.ml-1. Partially purified collagenase was used to tenderize aged buffalo meat. The results showed that treating aged buffalo meat with the enzyme solution for different immersion durations improved the pH, water-holding capacity (WHC) and cooking yield, with an increase in the concentration of hydroxyproline and a significant percentage of soluble collagen; the treated samples showed the best properties with a 60-min immersion duration.
本研究旨在分离和鉴定产生胶原酶的地衣芽孢杆菌。由于这种酶在分解和降解胶原蛋白方面的选择性,它被用来使陈年水牛肉变嫩。用选择性培养基筛选分离菌株,然后在胶原-琼脂培养基上培养以鉴定产酶菌株。通过在菌落周围形成透明冠状结构获得了13株产酶分离株。使用ABIS在线程序对分离的细菌进行生化评估。分离物BL1-BL9、BL12和BL13与地衣芽孢杆菌相关,匹配率为98%;分离物BL10和BL11与矮秆芽孢杆菌和枯草芽孢杆菌相关,匹配率分别为95%和95.3%。菌株的酶活性各不相同,最高可达200.71单位。分离物BL12为ml-1。选择该分离物的酶完成其他试验。获得最高酶活性的最佳时间为20 h,达到210.25个单位。Ml-1,比活性为135.64单位。酶的活性和特异性为355.81单位,用硫酸铵进行部分纯化,饱和率为20-70%。比活性为423.58 units.ml-1。用部分纯化的胶原酶使陈年水牛肉嫩化。结果表明:不同浸泡时间的酶液处理熟水牛肉,改善了水牛肉的pH值、保水能力(WHC)和蒸煮率,羟脯氨酸浓度和可溶性胶原蛋白含量显著增加;处理后的样品在60分钟的浸泡时间内表现出最佳性能。
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引用次数: 1
Morphological, Physicochemical, and Molecular Evaluation of Twenty-Three Date Palm Males Growing in Aswan Governorate 阿斯旺省23株枣椰树雄性的形态、物理化学和分子评价
Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-06-27 DOI: 10.37077/25200860.2023.36.1.08
S. El-Kosary, Ibrahim Hmmam, E. Gadalla, Yassin G. Qenawy
An essential element of date palm production is the pollen source. The present study was conducted during two successive seasons of 2020 and 2021 to evaluate some males of Aswan date palm. Herein, morphological, physicochemical, and molecular characteristics of 23 date palm males were evaluated to determine the most superior and promising males for pollinating the female ‘Bartamoda’ cultivar. It is obvious that ‘Male No. 22’, recorded almost the highest value for morphological characteristics, pollen viability, crude protein, total amino acids, and mineral content. In contrast, ‘Male No. 5’, showed the lowest content of crude protein, total amino acids, and mineral content compared to the other males that were grown in the rest of the locations in Aswan government. All ISSR primers were highly polymorphic, with a value of 100%, highlighting the necessity of employing such primers when investigating date palm diversification. Two unique bands were among the 43 total bands that were produced. The genetic coefficients with a mean of 61.5% and the first two primary axes were able to explain roughly 52.30% of the genetic variance across the genotypes of date palms. Those results suggested that all genotypes tested are efficient for the fertilization of ‘Bartamoda’ inflorescences and can be used as pollinizer in commercial orchards of this cultivar.
椰枣生产的一个基本要素是花粉源。本研究在2020年和2021年连续两个季节进行,以评估阿斯旺枣椰树的一些雄性。本文通过对23个枣椰树雄性的形态、物理化学和分子特征进行评价,以确定最优和最有希望授粉的雄性“巴塔莫达”雌性品种。可见,在形态特征、花粉活力、粗蛋白质、总氨基酸和矿物质含量方面,雄22号都几乎是最高的。相比之下,与阿斯旺政府其他地区种植的其他雄性相比,“雄性5号”的粗蛋白质、总氨基酸和矿物质含量最低。所有ISSR引物都具有高度多态性,值为100%,这表明在研究枣树多样性时使用这些引物是必要的。在总共生产的43个乐队中,有两个独特的乐队。遗传系数均值为61.5%,前两个主轴能解释约52.30%的枣树基因型遗传变异。上述结果表明,所有基因型均能有效地为“巴塔玛达”花序施肥,可作为该品种商品果园的传粉剂。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Basrah Journal of Agricultural Sciences
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