The present study was designed to explore phlorotannin eckol protein targets and evaluate the anti-cancer effects of eckol against human breast cancer cells. ProTox-II server and protein-ligand docking analysis deter-mined the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) as a putative target of eckol. The AhR has been determined as a potential target for breast cancer treatment. The effect of eckol treatment on proliferation, apoptosis, and cell cycle activities was detected in MDA-MB-231 and SK-BR-3 breast cancer cell lines which were selected dependent on AhR expression profiles. Consistent with the AhR expression profile, MDA-MB-231 cells were more sensitive to eckol treatment compared to SK-BR-3 cells in proliferation, apoptosis and cell cycle results. Eckol treatment shows a significant antiproliferative and apoptotic response in breast cancer cells. Overall, these results indicated that the action of eckol may be related to the AhR gene regulation in different breast cancer cell lines.
{"title":"Eckol, a potential inhibitor of aryl hydrocarbon receptor, inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in breast cancer cells","authors":"P. Balçik-Erçin","doi":"10.3329/bjp.v17i3.60353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bjp.v17i3.60353","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was designed to explore phlorotannin eckol protein targets and evaluate the anti-cancer effects of eckol against human breast cancer cells. ProTox-II server and protein-ligand docking analysis deter-mined the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) as a putative target of eckol. The AhR has been determined as a potential target for breast cancer treatment. The effect of eckol treatment on proliferation, apoptosis, and cell cycle activities was detected in MDA-MB-231 and SK-BR-3 breast cancer cell lines which were selected dependent on AhR expression profiles. Consistent with the AhR expression profile, MDA-MB-231 cells were more sensitive to eckol treatment compared to SK-BR-3 cells in proliferation, apoptosis and cell cycle results. Eckol treatment shows a significant antiproliferative and apoptotic response in breast cancer cells. Overall, these results indicated that the action of eckol may be related to the AhR gene regulation in different breast cancer cell lines.","PeriodicalId":8719,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44167750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study is designed to investigate the mechanism underlying zoledronic acid for the bone metastasis of breast cancer. Dickkopf 1 (DKK1) was both expressed in breast cancer cells and exosomes isolated from breast cancer cells. The expression of DKK1 was synchronously inhibited in breast cancer cells and exosomes with zoledronic acid or transfecting with cDNA3.1-DKK1. The proliferation and migration of MDA-MB-453 cells were greatly repressed and the differentiation and maturity of osteoclasts were dramatically repressed by exosomes derived from zoledronic acid-treated MDA-MB-453 cells. In the co-cultural system of RAW264.7 cells and MDA-MB-453 cells, the proliferation and migration of MDA-MB-453 cells were facilitated by exosomes derived from MDA-MB-453 cells. Lastly, the EMT progression and TGF-β signaling were significantly blocked by exosomes derived from zoledronic acid-treated MDA-MB-453 cells. Zoledronic acid suppressed the bone metastasis of breast cancer by inhibiting the exosomes loaded with DKK1.
{"title":"Zoledronic acid inhibits the bone metastasis of breast cancer by repressing exosome-loaded DKK1","authors":"Bingqing Song, Maozhong Xu, Xiao Fang Xu, Xia Li, Ming Chen","doi":"10.3329/bjp.v17i3.61292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bjp.v17i3.61292","url":null,"abstract":"This study is designed to investigate the mechanism underlying zoledronic acid for the bone metastasis of breast cancer. Dickkopf 1 (DKK1) was both expressed in breast cancer cells and exosomes isolated from breast cancer cells. The expression of DKK1 was synchronously inhibited in breast cancer cells and exosomes with zoledronic acid or transfecting with cDNA3.1-DKK1. The proliferation and migration of MDA-MB-453 cells were greatly repressed and the differentiation and maturity of osteoclasts were dramatically repressed by exosomes derived from zoledronic acid-treated MDA-MB-453 cells. In the co-cultural system of RAW264.7 cells and MDA-MB-453 cells, the proliferation and migration of MDA-MB-453 cells were facilitated by exosomes derived from MDA-MB-453 cells. Lastly, the EMT progression and TGF-β signaling were significantly blocked by exosomes derived from zoledronic acid-treated MDA-MB-453 cells. Zoledronic acid suppressed the bone metastasis of breast cancer by inhibiting the exosomes loaded with DKK1.","PeriodicalId":8719,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42998806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Minh Duc Tran, Trang T. Tran, Ngan Nguyen, Ha Chu, T. Nakahama, N. Nguyen
No abstract
没有抽象的
{"title":"Anti-inflammatory activity of 9-hydroxycanthin-6-one extracted from hairy-root cultures of Eurycoma longifolia potentially via aryl hydrocarbon receptor induction","authors":"Minh Duc Tran, Trang T. Tran, Ngan Nguyen, Ha Chu, T. Nakahama, N. Nguyen","doi":"10.3329/bjp.v17i3.60373","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bjp.v17i3.60373","url":null,"abstract":"No abstract","PeriodicalId":8719,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42439277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hashim Achummantakath, Krishnan Subhadra Prasanna, A. S. Nizamudeen
This study aims to evaluate the effect of alcoholic extract of Phyllanthus amarus leaves on arsenic-induced histological changes in Wistar rats. Rats were divided into 4 groups: Group I: normal control; Group II: rats received sodium arsenite (40 mg/kg); Group III: rats received sodium arsenite (40 mg/kg) + P. amarus extract (100 mg/kg); Group IV: rats received sodium arsenite (40 mg/kg) + extract (200 mg/kg). All groups were treated by oral gavage with sodium arsenite for 28 days and the animals were subsequently administered (oral) with 100 and 200 mg/kg extract, once daily for two weeks. Animals were sacrificed 24 hours after the last treatment and different organs were collected for histopathological analysis. Results revealed mild to severe type of necrosis and degenerative changes in brain, kidney, and liver of arsenic fed animals. In rats administered with extract showed significant improvements, and the normal histological feature of the cells was almost restored in rats. These suggest that P. amarus can be used to treat arsenic-induced multi-organ damages.
{"title":"Effect of Phyllanthus amarus in sodium arsenite-induced tissue damage","authors":"Hashim Achummantakath, Krishnan Subhadra Prasanna, A. S. Nizamudeen","doi":"10.3329/bjp.v17i3.59819","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bjp.v17i3.59819","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to evaluate the effect of alcoholic extract of Phyllanthus amarus leaves on arsenic-induced histological changes in Wistar rats. Rats were divided into 4 groups: Group I: normal control; Group II: rats received sodium arsenite (40 mg/kg); Group III: rats received sodium arsenite (40 mg/kg) + P. amarus extract (100 mg/kg); Group IV: rats received sodium arsenite (40 mg/kg) + extract (200 mg/kg). All groups were treated by oral gavage with sodium arsenite for 28 days and the animals were subsequently administered (oral) with 100 and 200 mg/kg extract, once daily for two weeks. Animals were sacrificed 24 hours after the last treatment and different organs were collected for histopathological analysis. Results revealed mild to severe type of necrosis and degenerative changes in brain, kidney, and liver of arsenic fed animals. In rats administered with extract showed significant improvements, and the normal histological feature of the cells was almost restored in rats. These suggest that P. amarus can be used to treat arsenic-induced multi-organ damages.","PeriodicalId":8719,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41569715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Biogenic amines are a group of low molecular weight nitrogenous organic compounds that have an important physiological role in cell proliferation, differentiation, and signal transduction. Also, certain biogenic amines act as an important biomarker for the detection of neuroendocrine and cardiovascular disorders in humans. Besides this, the abundance of biogenic amines in food is recognized as a toxin and anti-nutritional element that have several health implications. This visual experiment demonstrates all the critical steps required for the extraction of biogenic amines followed by derivatization and high performance liquid chromatography analysis for the successive detection and quantification of biogenic amines such as histamine, cadaverine, tryptamine, agmatine, putrescine, 2-phenylethylamine, spermine, tyramine, and spermidine.
{"title":"Simultaneous detection and quantification of different biogenic amines","authors":"Vishal Kumar, Ashutosh Bahuguna, Myunghee Kim","doi":"10.3329/bjp.v17i3.60650","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bjp.v17i3.60650","url":null,"abstract":"Biogenic amines are a group of low molecular weight nitrogenous organic compounds that have an important physiological role in cell proliferation, differentiation, and signal transduction. Also, certain biogenic amines act as an important biomarker for the detection of neuroendocrine and cardiovascular disorders in humans. Besides this, the abundance of biogenic amines in food is recognized as a toxin and anti-nutritional element that have several health implications. This visual experiment demonstrates all the critical steps required for the extraction of biogenic amines followed by derivatization and high performance liquid chromatography analysis for the successive detection and quantification of biogenic amines such as histamine, cadaverine, tryptamine, agmatine, putrescine, 2-phenylethylamine, spermine, tyramine, and spermidine.","PeriodicalId":8719,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44213568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cagdas Colluoglu, S. Balci, B. Gundogdu, T. Coban, S. Bulut, H. Suleyman
This study intends to investigate the effect of thymoquinone against possible ovarian damage and infertility caused by cyclophosphamide in female rats. The rats in the experiment (n=36) were separated into three groups; cyclophosphamide administered, thymoquinone plus cyclophosphamide administered and healthy control. At the end of 30 days of administration, 6 rats from each group were killed and the biochemical and histopathological examina-tions were performed on the ovarian tissues. The remaining animals were kept in the same cage with mature male rats for two months. Infertility developed in 83% of cyclophosphamide group animals. Thymoquinone attenuated cyclophosphamide-related oxidative and inflammatory ovarian damage and reduced the development of infertility. The outcomes suggest that thymoquinone may be useful in treating infertility due to oxidative and inflammatory ovarian damage.
{"title":"Effect of thymoquinone on cyclophosphamide-induced oxidative and inflammatory ovarian damage in rat","authors":"Cagdas Colluoglu, S. Balci, B. Gundogdu, T. Coban, S. Bulut, H. Suleyman","doi":"10.3329/bjp.v17i3.59418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bjp.v17i3.59418","url":null,"abstract":"This study intends to investigate the effect of thymoquinone against possible ovarian damage and infertility caused by cyclophosphamide in female rats. The rats in the experiment (n=36) were separated into three groups; cyclophosphamide administered, thymoquinone plus cyclophosphamide administered and healthy control. At the end of 30 days of administration, 6 rats from each group were killed and the biochemical and histopathological examina-tions were performed on the ovarian tissues. The remaining animals were kept in the same cage with mature male rats for two months. Infertility developed in 83% of cyclophosphamide group animals. Thymoquinone attenuated cyclophosphamide-related oxidative and inflammatory ovarian damage and reduced the development of infertility. The outcomes suggest that thymoquinone may be useful in treating infertility due to oxidative and inflammatory ovarian damage.","PeriodicalId":8719,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45437444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Bozkurt, Muhammad Nasir Bhaya, I. H. Sever, B. Özkul, O. Erbaş
The protective effect of medroxyprogesterone acetate on propionic acid-induced autism in rats was evaluated. For this purpose, 30 rats were divided into three groups. The significant difference in the levels of IL-17 (p<0.05), IL-2 (p<0.05), and TNF-α (p<0.05), lactate (p<0.05), and nerve growth factor (p<0.05) were found in the medroxyprogesterone-treated group by biochemical analysis. In histopathological examination, the medroxyprogesterone-treated group revealed significant improvement in neural body degeneration, neural count, and dysmorphological changes in both CA1 and CA3 regions. Immunohistochemical examination revealed improvement in glial activity with glial fibrillar acidic protein and morphological changes in Purkinje cells. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy showed an improvement in the level of lactate duplets in the medroxyprogesterone-treated group. To our knowledge, this is the first study, to evaluate the protective effect of medroxyprogesterone on propionic acid-induced autism in rats.
{"title":"Medroxyprogesterone acetate improves propionic acid-induced autism rat model and magnetic resonance spectroscopic correlation","authors":"M. Bozkurt, Muhammad Nasir Bhaya, I. H. Sever, B. Özkul, O. Erbaş","doi":"10.3329/bjp.v17i2.59412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bjp.v17i2.59412","url":null,"abstract":"The protective effect of medroxyprogesterone acetate on propionic acid-induced autism in rats was evaluated. For this purpose, 30 rats were divided into three groups. The significant difference in the levels of IL-17 (p<0.05), IL-2 (p<0.05), and TNF-α (p<0.05), lactate (p<0.05), and nerve growth factor (p<0.05) were found in the medroxyprogesterone-treated group by biochemical analysis. In histopathological examination, the medroxyprogesterone-treated group revealed significant improvement in neural body degeneration, neural count, and dysmorphological changes in both CA1 and CA3 regions. Immunohistochemical examination revealed improvement in glial activity with glial fibrillar acidic protein and morphological changes in Purkinje cells. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy showed an improvement in the level of lactate duplets in the medroxyprogesterone-treated group. To our knowledge, this is the first study, to evaluate the protective effect of medroxyprogesterone on propionic acid-induced autism in rats.","PeriodicalId":8719,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41984827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Anti-inflammatory activity of Memecylon malabaricum","authors":"R. Gaikwad, S. Nadaf, Anilkumar Shinde","doi":"10.3329/bjp.v17i2.59115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bjp.v17i2.59115","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p>NA</jats:p>","PeriodicalId":8719,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47430542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sirtuins (SIRTs) which are nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) dependent class III histondeacetylases have a controversial role in cancer. In this study, the effect of pharmacological inhibition of AK-7, a SIRT2 inhibitor, was investigated in U87 glioblastoma multiforme cells. The cytotoxic effect of AK-7 was evaluated by XTT analysis. After AK-7 treatment, colony forming capacity of cells was determined and apoptosis was evaluated. The expression levels of apoptosis-related genes were determined by qRT-PCR. According to the results, AK-7 inhibited cell proliferation in a dose- and time-dependent manner. After AK-7 treatment, the colony forming capacity of U87 cells was suppressed. And, AK-7 increased apoptosis rate, DNA fragmentation, and caspase-3 activity. According to qRT-PCR, a significant increase was observed in expression levels of apoptosis-related genes. This study revealed that AK-7 inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in glioblastoma multiforme cells and SIRT2 inhibition can be evaluated as a therapeutic approach in glioblastoma multiforme.
{"title":"Inhibitory effect of AK-7 mediates by apoptosis, increases DNA fragmentation and caspase-3 activity in human glioblastoma multiforme cells","authors":"Ebru Güçlü, İlknur Çınar Ayan, H. Vural","doi":"10.3329/bjp.v17i2.59809","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bjp.v17i2.59809","url":null,"abstract":"Sirtuins (SIRTs) which are nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) dependent class III histondeacetylases have a controversial role in cancer. In this study, the effect of pharmacological inhibition of AK-7, a SIRT2 inhibitor, was investigated in U87 glioblastoma multiforme cells. The cytotoxic effect of AK-7 was evaluated by XTT analysis. After AK-7 treatment, colony forming capacity of cells was determined and apoptosis was evaluated. The expression levels of apoptosis-related genes were determined by qRT-PCR. According to the results, AK-7 inhibited cell proliferation in a dose- and time-dependent manner. After AK-7 treatment, the colony forming capacity of U87 cells was suppressed. And, AK-7 increased apoptosis rate, DNA fragmentation, and caspase-3 activity. According to qRT-PCR, a significant increase was observed in expression levels of apoptosis-related genes. This study revealed that AK-7 inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in glioblastoma multiforme cells and SIRT2 inhibition can be evaluated as a therapeutic approach in glioblastoma multiforme.","PeriodicalId":8719,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48267354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present study aimed to explore the effects of α-cyperone, an extract of Cyperus rotundus, on PC12 cells, as well as the underlying mechanism. Following the cells were induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygena-tion (OGD/R), the viability, morphology, inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptotic levels in the cells were evaluated. To explore the mechanism of α-cyperone, cells were treated with 3-TYP, a sirtuin-3 (SIRT3) inhibitor, and then the effects of 3-TYP on the function of α-cyperone were assessed. α-Cyperone was found to reduce OGD/R-induced damage to neuronal viability and alleviate inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. In addition, α-cyperone could elevate SIRT3 and decline acetyl-forkhead box O1 (FOXO1) levels, and 3-TYP broke the effects of α-cyperone on the aforementioned aspects in the PC12 cells. In conclusion, α-cyperone activated SIRT3 and FOXO1 deacetylation, and alleviated OGD/R-induced cell inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis.
{"title":"Sesquiterpene compound α-cyperone relieves the injury in neurons undergoing oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation","authors":"Jian Wang, Xuefeng Gao","doi":"10.3329/bjp.v17i2.58188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bjp.v17i2.58188","url":null,"abstract":"The present study aimed to explore the effects of α-cyperone, an extract of Cyperus rotundus, on PC12 cells, as well as the underlying mechanism. Following the cells were induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygena-tion (OGD/R), the viability, morphology, inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptotic levels in the cells were evaluated. To explore the mechanism of α-cyperone, cells were treated with 3-TYP, a sirtuin-3 (SIRT3) inhibitor, and then the effects of 3-TYP on the function of α-cyperone were assessed. α-Cyperone was found to reduce OGD/R-induced damage to neuronal viability and alleviate inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. In addition, α-cyperone could elevate SIRT3 and decline acetyl-forkhead box O1 (FOXO1) levels, and 3-TYP broke the effects of α-cyperone on the aforementioned aspects in the PC12 cells. In conclusion, α-cyperone activated SIRT3 and FOXO1 deacetylation, and alleviated OGD/R-induced cell inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis.","PeriodicalId":8719,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43048454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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