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Effects of the administration of Elovl5-dependent fatty acids on a spino-cerebellar ataxia 38 mouse model. elovl5依赖性脂肪酸对脊髓-小脑性共济失调小鼠模型的影响。
IF 5.1 2区 心理学 Q1 Neuroscience Pub Date : 2022-08-06 DOI: 10.1186/s12993-022-00194-4
Ilaria Balbo, Francesca Montarolo, Federica Genovese, Filippo Tempia, Eriola Hoxha

Background: Spinocerebellar ataxia 38 (SCA38) is a rare autosomal neurological disorder characterized by ataxia and cerebellar atrophy. SCA38 is caused by mutations of ELOVL5 gene. ELOVL5 gene encodes a protein, which elongates long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Knockout mice lacking Elovl5 recapitulate SCA38 symptoms, including motor coordination impairment and disruption of cerebellar architecture. We asked whether, in Elovl5 knockout mice (Elovl5-/-), a diet with both ω3 and ω6 PUFAs downstream Elovl5 can prevent the development of SCA38 symptoms, and at which age such treatment is more effective. Elovl5-/- mice were fed either with a diet without or containing PUFAs downstream the Elovl5 enzyme, starting at different ages. Motor behavior was assessed by the balance beam test and cerebellar structure by morphometric analysis.

Results: The administration from birth of the diet containing PUFAs downstream Elovl5 led to a significant amelioration of the motor performance in the beam test of Elovl5-/- mice, with a reduction of foot slip errors at 6 months from 2.2 ± 0.3 to 1.3 ± 0.2 and at 8 months from 3.1 ± 0.5 to 1.9 ± 0.3. On the contrary, administration at 1 month of age or later had no effect on the motor impairment. The cerebellar Purkinje cell layer and the white matter area of Elovl5-/ -mice were not rescued even by the administration of diet from birth, suggesting that the improvement of motor performance in the beam test was due to a functional recovery of the cerebellar circuitry.

Conclusions: These results suggest that the dietary intervention in SCA38, whenever possible, should be started from birth or as early as possible.

背景:脊髓小脑性共济失调38 (SCA38)是一种罕见的常染色体神经系统疾病,以共济失调和小脑萎缩为特征。SCA38是由ELOVL5基因突变引起的。ELOVL5基因编码一种延长长链多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFAs)的蛋白质。缺乏Elovl5基因敲除小鼠重现SCA38症状,包括运动协调障碍和小脑结构破坏。我们想知道,在Elovl5基因敲除小鼠(Elovl5-/-)中,含有Elovl5下游ω3和ω6 PUFAs的饮食是否可以预防SCA38症状的发展,以及在哪个年龄这种治疗更有效。从不同年龄开始,给Elovl5-/-小鼠喂食不含或含有Elovl5酶下游PUFAs的饮食。用平衡木测试评估运动行为,用形态计量学分析评估小脑结构。结果:在Elovl5-/-小鼠的梁测试中,从出生开始给予含有PUFAs的饮食可显著改善Elovl5-/-小鼠的运动表现,6个月时的足滑误差从2.2±0.3减少到1.3±0.2,8个月时从3.1±0.5减少到1.9±0.3。相反,1个月或更晚给药对运动障碍没有影响。Elovl5-/ -小鼠的小脑浦肯野细胞层和白质区域即使从出生时开始给予饮食也没有得到挽救,这表明在束测试中运动表现的改善是由于小脑回路的功能恢复。结论:这些结果提示,只要可能,应从出生时或尽早开始对SCA38进行饮食干预。
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引用次数: 1
Connecting DCX, COMT and FMR1 in social behavior and cognitive impairment DCX、COMT和FMR1在社会行为和认知障碍中的关联
IF 5.1 2区 心理学 Q1 Neuroscience Pub Date : 2022-05-19 DOI: 10.1186/s12993-022-00191-7
A. Delprato, E. Xiao, Devika Manoj
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引用次数: 2
The shifting role of the cerebellum in executive, emotional and social processing across the lifespan 小脑在整个生命周期中执行、情感和社会处理中的角色转变
IF 5.1 2区 心理学 Q1 Neuroscience Pub Date : 2022-04-28 DOI: 10.1186/s12993-022-00193-5
P. Beuriat, Irene Cristofori, B. Gordon, J. Grafman
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引用次数: 6
Mediterranean natural extracts improved cognitive behavior in zebrafish and healthy rats and ameliorated lps-induced cognitive impairment in a sex dependent manner 地中海天然提取物改善斑马鱼和健康大鼠的认知行为,并以性别依赖的方式改善脂多糖诱导的认知障碍
IF 5.1 2区 心理学 Q1 Neuroscience Pub Date : 2022-02-25 DOI: 10.1186/s12993-022-00190-8
M. Pusceddu, Julia Hernandez-Baixauli, F. Puiggròs, L. Arola, A. Caimari, J. D. del Bas, Laura Baselga
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引用次数: 7
Possible involvement of L-arginine-nitric oxide pathway in the antidepressant activity of Auraptene in mice. l -精氨酸-一氧化氮途径可能参与Auraptene小鼠抗抑郁活性。
IF 5.1 2区 心理学 Q1 Neuroscience Pub Date : 2022-02-14 DOI: 10.1186/s12993-022-00189-1
Hossein Amini-Khoei, Shakiba Nasiri Boroujeni, Forough Maghsoudi, Mohammad Rahimi-Madiseh, Elham Bijad, Mohammadtaghi Moradi, Zahra Lorigooini

Background: Depression is one of the most common mental illnesses worldwide. Nitric oxide (NO) is involved in the pathophysiology of depression. Auraptene (a coumarin derivative) has been shown to possess pharmacological effects on neurological diseases.

Purpose: The present study aimed to investigate the possible role of the NO pathway in Auraptene antidepressant effects in male mice.

Methods: Behavioral tests were used to assess depression-like behaviors. The mice received Auraptene at 10, 30, and 100 mg/kg, the combination of the sub-effective (ineffective) dose of Auraptene (10 mg/kg) and L-NAME, and the combination of the effective dose of Auraptene (30 mg/kg) and L-arginine. Finally, OFT, TST, FST, brain, serum MDA level, antioxidant capacity, hippocampus, and serum NO level were measured.

Results: The data analysis showed that Auraptene (30 mg/kg) improved depression-like behaviors. Auraptene (30 mg/kg) also significantly reduced serum NO levels (P < 0.05) and significantly increased serum MDA (10 mg/kg, P < 0.05). Auraptene at 30 mg/kg also increased serum antioxidant capacity (P < 0.01). Co-administration of L-NAME and the sub-effective dose of Auraptene enhanced the effects of Auraptene. However, co-administration of the effective dose of Auraptene and L-arginine reduced the impacts of Auraptene.

Conclusions: The results showed that Auraptene causes antidepressant effects in a dose-dependent manner and acts as a prooxidant at 100 mg/kg, and exacerbates oxidative stress. The antidepressant effects of this active molecule are exerted by reducing the NO level in the hippocampus and serum, increasing the antioxidant capacity, and reducing the MDA level in the serum.

背景:抑郁症是世界上最常见的精神疾病之一。一氧化氮(NO)参与抑郁症的病理生理过程。Auraptene(香豆素衍生物)已被证明对神经系统疾病具有药理作用。目的:探讨NO通路在Auraptene抗抑郁作用中的可能作用。方法:采用行为测试对抑郁样行为进行评估。小鼠分别给予10、30、100 mg/kg的Auraptene、10 mg/kg的Auraptene与L-NAME的亚有效(无效)剂量联合、30 mg/kg的Auraptene与l -精氨酸的有效剂量联合。最后,测定OFT、TST、FST、脑、血清MDA水平、抗氧化能力、海马和血清NO水平。结果:数据分析显示,Auraptene (30 mg/kg)可改善抑郁样行为。结论:Auraptene (30 mg/kg)具有剂量依赖性抗抑郁作用,100 mg/kg时具有促氧化作用,可加重氧化应激。该活性分子通过降低海马和血清中NO水平、提高抗氧化能力、降低血清中MDA水平发挥抗抑郁作用。
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引用次数: 8
The interplay between oxidative stress and autophagy: focus on the development of neurological diseases. 氧化应激和自噬之间的相互作用:关注神经系统疾病的发展。
IF 5.1 2区 心理学 Q1 Neuroscience Pub Date : 2022-01-29 DOI: 10.1186/s12993-022-00187-3
Marjan Talebi, Seyyed Ali Mohammadi Vadoud, Alireza Haratian, Mohsen Talebi, Tahereh Farkhondeh, Ali Mohammad Pourbagher-Shahri, Saeed Samarghandian

Regarding the epidemiological studies, neurological dysfunctions caused by cerebral ischemia or neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) have been considered a pointed matter. Mount-up shreds of evidence support that both autophagy and reactive oxygen species (ROS) are involved in the commencement and progression of neurological diseases. Remarkably, oxidative stress prompted by an increase of ROS threatens cerebral integrity and improves the severity of other pathogenic agents such as mitochondrial damage in neuronal disturbances. Autophagy is anticipated as a cellular defending mode to combat cytotoxic substances and damage. The recent document proposes that the interrelation of autophagy and ROS creates a crucial function in controlling neuronal homeostasis. This review aims to overview the cross-talk among autophagy and oxidative stress and its molecular mechanisms in various neurological diseases to prepare new perceptions into a new treatment for neurological disorders. Furthermore, natural/synthetic agents entailed in modulation/regulation of this ambitious cross-talk are described.

在流行病学研究中,脑缺血或神经退行性疾病(NDD)引起的神经功能障碍被认为是一个尖锐的问题。越来越多的证据支持自噬和活性氧(ROS)都参与了神经系统疾病的发生和发展。值得注意的是,ROS增加引起的氧化应激威胁大脑完整性,并改善其他致病因素的严重性,如神经元紊乱中的线粒体损伤。自噬被认为是一种对抗细胞毒性物质和损伤的细胞防御模式。最近的文件提出,自噬和ROS的相互关系在控制神经元稳态中发挥着至关重要的作用。这篇综述旨在概述自噬和氧化应激之间的相互作用及其在各种神经疾病中的分子机制,为神经疾病的新治疗方法提供新的认识。此外,还描述了这种雄心勃勃的串扰的调制/调节所涉及的天然/合成制剂。
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引用次数: 18
Sleep EEG characteristics associated with total sleep time misperception in young adults: an exploratory study. 睡眠脑电图特征与年轻人总睡眠时间错误知觉相关:一项探索性研究。
IF 5.1 2区 心理学 Q1 Neuroscience Pub Date : 2022-01-24 DOI: 10.1186/s12993-022-00188-2
Biyun Xu, Qinghao Cai, Runru Mai, Hailong Liang, Jiayu Huang, Zhimin Yang

Background: Power spectral analysis (PSA) is one of the most commonly-used EEG markers of cortical hyperarousal, and can help to understand subjective-objective sleep discrepancy (SOD). Age is associated with decreased sleep EEG activity; however, the PSA of young adults is currently limited. Thus, this study aimed to examine the correlation of spectral EEG power with total sleep time (TST) misperception in young patients.

Methods: Forty-seven young adults were recruited and underwent a polysomnography recording in a sleep laboratory. Clinical records and self-report questionnaires of all patients were collected, and were used to categorize patients into a good sleeper (GS) group (n = 10), insomnia with a low mismatch group (IWLM, n = 19) or participant with a high mismatch group (IWHM, n = 18). PSA was applied to the first 6 h of sleep.

Results: IWHM patients exhibited a higher absolute power and relative beta/delta ratio in the frontal region compared to the GS group. No significant difference was observed between the IWLM and GS groups. No significant difference in the above parameters was observed between the IWHM and IWLM groups. Moreover, The SOD of TST was positively correlated with frontal absolute power and the relative beta/delta ratio (r = 0.363, P = 0.012; r = 0.363, P = 0.012), and absolute beta EEG spectral power (r = 0.313, P = 0.032) as well as the number of arousals.

Conclusions: Increased frontal beta/delta ratio EEG power was found in young patients with a high mismatch but not in those with a low mismatch, compared with good sleepers. This suggests that there exists increased cortical activity in IWHM patients. In addition, the frontal beta/delta ratio and the number of arousals was positively correlated with the SOD of TST.

背景:功率谱分析(Power spectral analysis, PSA)是最常用的皮质亢进EEG标记之一,有助于理解主客观睡眠差异(SOD)。年龄与睡眠脑电图活动减少有关;然而,年轻人的PSA目前是有限的。因此,本研究旨在探讨频谱脑电图功率与年轻患者总睡眠时间(TST)误解的相关性。方法:招募了47名年轻人,并在睡眠实验室进行了多导睡眠记录。收集所有患者的临床记录和自述问卷,将患者分为良好睡眠(GS)组(n = 10)、低错配失眠组(IWLM, n = 19)和高错配失眠组(IWHM, n = 18)。PSA应用于睡眠的前6小时。结果:与GS组相比,IWHM患者在额区表现出更高的绝对功率和相对β / δ比值。IWLM组与GS组间无显著差异。IWHM组与IWLM组以上参数均无显著差异。此外,TST的SOD与额叶绝对功率和相对β / δ比值呈正相关(r = 0.363, P = 0.012;r = 0.363, P = 0.012)、绝对β脑电图谱功率(r = 0.313, P = 0.032)以及觉醒次数。结论:与良好睡眠者相比,高失配的年轻患者的额叶β / δ比脑电图功率增加,而低失配的年轻患者则无此现象。这表明IWHM患者存在皮层活动增加。此外,脑额叶β / δ比值和觉醒次数与TST SOD呈正相关。
{"title":"Sleep EEG characteristics associated with total sleep time misperception in young adults: an exploratory study.","authors":"Biyun Xu,&nbsp;Qinghao Cai,&nbsp;Runru Mai,&nbsp;Hailong Liang,&nbsp;Jiayu Huang,&nbsp;Zhimin Yang","doi":"10.1186/s12993-022-00188-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12993-022-00188-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Power spectral analysis (PSA) is one of the most commonly-used EEG markers of cortical hyperarousal, and can help to understand subjective-objective sleep discrepancy (SOD). Age is associated with decreased sleep EEG activity; however, the PSA of young adults is currently limited. Thus, this study aimed to examine the correlation of spectral EEG power with total sleep time (TST) misperception in young patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty-seven young adults were recruited and underwent a polysomnography recording in a sleep laboratory. Clinical records and self-report questionnaires of all patients were collected, and were used to categorize patients into a good sleeper (GS) group (n = 10), insomnia with a low mismatch group (IWLM, n = 19) or participant with a high mismatch group (IWHM, n = 18). PSA was applied to the first 6 h of sleep.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>IWHM patients exhibited a higher absolute power and relative beta/delta ratio in the frontal region compared to the GS group. No significant difference was observed between the IWLM and GS groups. No significant difference in the above parameters was observed between the IWHM and IWLM groups. Moreover, The SOD of TST was positively correlated with frontal absolute power and the relative beta/delta ratio (r = 0.363, P = 0.012; r = 0.363, P = 0.012), and absolute beta EEG spectral power (r = 0.313, P = 0.032) as well as the number of arousals.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Increased frontal beta/delta ratio EEG power was found in young patients with a high mismatch but not in those with a low mismatch, compared with good sleepers. This suggests that there exists increased cortical activity in IWHM patients. In addition, the frontal beta/delta ratio and the number of arousals was positively correlated with the SOD of TST.</p>","PeriodicalId":8729,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral and Brain Functions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8788124/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39856577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Algebra dissociates from arithmetic in the brain semantic network. 在大脑语义网络中,代数与算术分离。
IF 5.1 2区 心理学 Q1 Neuroscience Pub Date : 2022-01-07 DOI: 10.1186/s12993-022-00186-4
Dazhi Cheng, Mengyi Li, Jiaxin Cui, Li Wang, Naiyi Wang, Liangyuan Ouyang, Xiaozhuang Wang, Xuejun Bai, Xinlin Zhou

Background: Mathematical expressions mainly include arithmetic (such as 8 - (1 + 3)) and algebra (such as a - (b + c)). Previous studies have shown that both algebraic processing and arithmetic involved the bilateral parietal brain regions. Although previous studies have revealed that algebra was dissociated from arithmetic, the neural bases of the dissociation between algebraic processing and arithmetic is still unclear. The present study uses functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to identify the specific brain networks for algebraic and arithmetic processing.

Methods: Using fMRI, this study scanned 30 undergraduates and directly compared the brain activation during algebra and arithmetic. Brain activations, single-trial (item-wise) interindividual correlation and mean-trial interindividual correlation related to algebra processing were compared with those related to arithmetic. The functional connectivity was analyzed by a seed-based region of interest (ROI)-to-ROI analysis.

Results: Brain activation analyses showed that algebra elicited greater activation in the angular gyrus and arithmetic elicited greater activation in the bilateral supplementary motor area, left insula, and left inferior parietal lobule. Interindividual single-trial brain-behavior correlation revealed significant brain-behavior correlations in the semantic network, including the middle temporal gyri, inferior frontal gyri, dorsomedial prefrontal cortices, and left angular gyrus, for algebra. For arithmetic, the significant brain-behavior correlations were located in the phonological network, including the precentral gyrus and supplementary motor area, and in the visuospatial network, including the bilateral superior parietal lobules. For algebra, significant positive functional connectivity was observed between the visuospatial network and semantic network, whereas for arithmetic, significant positive functional connectivity was observed only between the visuospatial network and phonological network.

Conclusion: These findings suggest that algebra relies on the semantic network and conversely, arithmetic relies on the phonological and visuospatial networks.

背景:数学表达式主要包括算术表达式(如8 -(1 + 3))和代数表达式(如a - (b + c))。先前的研究表明,代数处理和算术都涉及到双侧顶叶脑区。尽管已有研究表明代数与算术是分离的,但代数处理与算术分离的神经基础尚不清楚。本研究使用功能磁共振成像(fMRI)来识别用于代数和算术处理的特定大脑网络。方法:利用功能磁共振成像(fMRI)对30名大学生进行扫描,直接比较代数和算术过程中的脑活动。将与代数处理相关的脑激活、单试验(单项)个体间相关性和平均试验个体间相关性与算术相关的脑激活进行比较。通过基于种子的感兴趣区域(ROI -to-ROI)分析功能连通性。结果:大脑激活分析表明,代数能引起角回的更大激活,而算术能引起双侧辅助运动区、左脑岛和左顶叶下小叶的更大激活。个体间单次脑-行为相关研究发现,在代数语义网络中,包括颞中回、额下回、前额叶背内侧皮层和左角回,存在显著的脑-行为相关性。对于算术,显著的脑-行为相关性位于语音网络,包括中央前回和辅助运动区,以及视觉空间网络,包括双侧顶叶上小叶。对于代数,视觉空间网络和语义网络之间存在显著的正功能连通性,而对于算术,视觉空间网络和语音网络之间存在显著的正功能连通性。结论:代数依赖于语义网络,算术依赖于语音网络和视觉空间网络。
{"title":"Algebra dissociates from arithmetic in the brain semantic network.","authors":"Dazhi Cheng,&nbsp;Mengyi Li,&nbsp;Jiaxin Cui,&nbsp;Li Wang,&nbsp;Naiyi Wang,&nbsp;Liangyuan Ouyang,&nbsp;Xiaozhuang Wang,&nbsp;Xuejun Bai,&nbsp;Xinlin Zhou","doi":"10.1186/s12993-022-00186-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12993-022-00186-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mathematical expressions mainly include arithmetic (such as 8 - (1 + 3)) and algebra (such as a - (b + c)). Previous studies have shown that both algebraic processing and arithmetic involved the bilateral parietal brain regions. Although previous studies have revealed that algebra was dissociated from arithmetic, the neural bases of the dissociation between algebraic processing and arithmetic is still unclear. The present study uses functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to identify the specific brain networks for algebraic and arithmetic processing.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using fMRI, this study scanned 30 undergraduates and directly compared the brain activation during algebra and arithmetic. Brain activations, single-trial (item-wise) interindividual correlation and mean-trial interindividual correlation related to algebra processing were compared with those related to arithmetic. The functional connectivity was analyzed by a seed-based region of interest (ROI)-to-ROI analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Brain activation analyses showed that algebra elicited greater activation in the angular gyrus and arithmetic elicited greater activation in the bilateral supplementary motor area, left insula, and left inferior parietal lobule. Interindividual single-trial brain-behavior correlation revealed significant brain-behavior correlations in the semantic network, including the middle temporal gyri, inferior frontal gyri, dorsomedial prefrontal cortices, and left angular gyrus, for algebra. For arithmetic, the significant brain-behavior correlations were located in the phonological network, including the precentral gyrus and supplementary motor area, and in the visuospatial network, including the bilateral superior parietal lobules. For algebra, significant positive functional connectivity was observed between the visuospatial network and semantic network, whereas for arithmetic, significant positive functional connectivity was observed only between the visuospatial network and phonological network.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest that algebra relies on the semantic network and conversely, arithmetic relies on the phonological and visuospatial networks.</p>","PeriodicalId":8729,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral and Brain Functions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8740448/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39794438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
NLRP1 inflammasome involves in learning and memory impairments and neuronal damages during aging process in mice. NLRP1炎性体参与小鼠衰老过程中的学习记忆障碍和神经元损伤。
IF 5.1 2区 心理学 Q1 Neuroscience Pub Date : 2021-12-17 DOI: 10.1186/s12993-021-00185-x
Dan Sun, Guofang Gao, Bihua Zhong, Han Zhang, Shixin Ding, Zhenghao Sun, Yaodong Zhang, Weizu Li

Background: Brain aging is an important risk factor in many human diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). The production of excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) mediated by nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 2 (NOX2) and the maturation of inflammatory cytokines caused by activation of the NOD-like receptor protein 1 (NLRP1) inflammasome play central roles in promoting brain aging. However, it is still unclear when and how the neuroinflammation appears in the brain during aging process.

Methods: In this study, we observed the alterations of learning and memory impairments, neuronal damage, NLRP1 inflammasome activation, ROS production and NOX2 expression in the young 6-month-old (6 M) mice, presenile 16 M mice, and older 20 M and 24 M mice.

Results: The results indicated that, compared to 6 M mice, the locomotor activity, learning and memory abilities were slightly decreased in 16 M mice, and were significantly decreased in 20 M and 24 M mice, especially in the 24 M mice. The pathological results also showed that there were no significant neuronal damages in 6 M and 16 M mice, while there were obvious neuronal damages in 20 M and 24 M mice, especially in the 24 M group. Consistent with the behavioral and histological changes in the older mice, the activity of β-galactosidase (β-gal), the levels of ROS and IL-1β, and the expressions of NLRP1, ASC, caspase-1, NOX2, p47phox and p22phox were significantly increased in the cortex and hippocampus in the older 20 M and 24 M mice.

Conclusion: Our study suggested that NLRP1 inflammasome activation may be closely involved in aging-related neuronal damage and may be an important target for preventing brain aging.

背景:脑老化是许多人类疾病的重要危险因素,如阿尔茨海默病(AD)。烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸氧化酶2 (NOX2)介导的过量活性氧(ROS)的产生以及nod样受体蛋白1 (NLRP1)炎症小体激活引起的炎症细胞因子的成熟在促进脑衰老中起着核心作用。然而,在衰老过程中,神经炎症何时以及如何在大脑中出现尚不清楚。方法:在本研究中,我们观察了幼龄6月龄(6 M)小鼠、老年16 M小鼠、老年20 M和24 M小鼠的学习记忆障碍、神经元损伤、NLRP1炎性体激活、ROS生成和NOX2表达的变化。结果:结果表明,与6m小鼠相比,16m小鼠的运动活动、学习和记忆能力略有下降,而20m和24m小鼠的运动活动、学习和记忆能力明显下降,尤其是24m小鼠。病理结果还显示,6 M和16 M小鼠未见明显的神经元损伤,而20 M和24 M小鼠有明显的神经元损伤,尤其是24 M组。与老年小鼠的行为学和组织学变化一致,老年20 M和24 M小鼠皮层和海马中β-半乳糖苷酶(β-gal)活性、ROS和IL-1β水平以及NLRP1、ASC、caspase-1、NOX2、p47phox和p22phox的表达均显著升高。结论:本研究提示NLRP1炎性小体激活可能与衰老相关的神经元损伤密切相关,可能是预防脑衰老的重要靶点。
{"title":"NLRP1 inflammasome involves in learning and memory impairments and neuronal damages during aging process in mice.","authors":"Dan Sun,&nbsp;Guofang Gao,&nbsp;Bihua Zhong,&nbsp;Han Zhang,&nbsp;Shixin Ding,&nbsp;Zhenghao Sun,&nbsp;Yaodong Zhang,&nbsp;Weizu Li","doi":"10.1186/s12993-021-00185-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12993-021-00185-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Brain aging is an important risk factor in many human diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). The production of excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) mediated by nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 2 (NOX2) and the maturation of inflammatory cytokines caused by activation of the NOD-like receptor protein 1 (NLRP1) inflammasome play central roles in promoting brain aging. However, it is still unclear when and how the neuroinflammation appears in the brain during aging process.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, we observed the alterations of learning and memory impairments, neuronal damage, NLRP1 inflammasome activation, ROS production and NOX2 expression in the young 6-month-old (6 M) mice, presenile 16 M mice, and older 20 M and 24 M mice.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results indicated that, compared to 6 M mice, the locomotor activity, learning and memory abilities were slightly decreased in 16 M mice, and were significantly decreased in 20 M and 24 M mice, especially in the 24 M mice. The pathological results also showed that there were no significant neuronal damages in 6 M and 16 M mice, while there were obvious neuronal damages in 20 M and 24 M mice, especially in the 24 M group. Consistent with the behavioral and histological changes in the older mice, the activity of β-galactosidase (β-gal), the levels of ROS and IL-1β, and the expressions of NLRP1, ASC, caspase-1, NOX2, p47phox and p22phox were significantly increased in the cortex and hippocampus in the older 20 M and 24 M mice.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study suggested that NLRP1 inflammasome activation may be closely involved in aging-related neuronal damage and may be an important target for preventing brain aging.</p>","PeriodicalId":8729,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral and Brain Functions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2021-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8680336/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39735447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 15
Sex-specific effects of neonatal progestin receptor antagonism on juvenile social play behavior in rats. 新生儿黄体酮受体拮抗剂对大鼠幼年社交行为的性别特异性影响。
IF 5.1 2区 心理学 Q1 Neuroscience Pub Date : 2021-11-05 DOI: 10.1186/s12993-021-00183-z
R M Forbes-Lorman

Developing mammals are exposed to progesterone through several sources; however, the role of progesterone in early development is not well understood. Males express more progestin receptors (PRs) than females within several brain regions during early postnatal life, suggesting that PRs may be important for the organization of the sex differences in the brain and behavior. Indeed, previous studies showed cognitive impairments in male rats treated neonatally with a PR antagonist. In the present study, we examined the role of PRs in organizing juvenile behaviors. Social play behavior and social discrimination were examined in juvenile male and female rats that had been treated with CDB, a PR antagonist, during the first week of postnatal life. Interestingly, neonatal PR antagonism altered different juvenile behaviors in males and females. A transient disruption in PR signaling during development had no effect on social discrimination but increased play initiation and pins in females. These data suggest that PRs play an important role in the organization of sex differences in some social behaviors.

发育中的哺乳动物通过几种途径接触黄体酮;然而,黄体酮在早期发育中的作用尚不清楚。在出生后的早期,男性在大脑的几个区域中比女性表达更多的孕激素受体(PRs),这表明PRs可能在大脑和行为的性别差异组织中起重要作用。事实上,先前的研究表明,用PR拮抗剂治疗雄性大鼠会出现认知障碍。在本研究中,我们考察了公关在组织青少年行为中的作用。在出生后第一周,用PR拮抗剂CDB治疗雄性和雌性幼年大鼠,观察了它们的社会游戏行为和社会歧视。有趣的是,新生儿PR拮抗剂改变了雄性和雌性幼崽的不同行为。在发育过程中,PR信号的短暂中断对社会歧视没有影响,但增加了女性的游戏启动和pin。这些数据表明,pr在某些社会行为的性别差异组织中起着重要作用。
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引用次数: 1
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Behavioral and Brain Functions
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