Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology最新文献_第5页

Phytochemical composition, bioactive compounds, and antioxidant activities of different parts of Solanum nigrum and Solanum villosum 龙葵和龙葵不同部位的植物化学成分、生物活性成分及抗氧化活性研究

IF 3.8 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology

Pub Date : 2025-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103907

Md Atiqur Rahman , Md. Mostafa Kamal , Md. Zahid Hasan , Rifat Hasan Himel , Arshad Ullah , Mazaharul Islam Saikat , Md. Tohidul Islam Sowrov , Rasel Islam , Ashraful Alam , Md. Nahidul Islam

This study provides a comprehensive evaluation of the chemical composition, mineral content, bioactive compounds, and antioxidant activity of the fruits, leaves, stems, and roots of Solanum nigrum and Solanum villosum. Plant materials were dried, pulverized and extracted by ultrasonication. The results revealed significant (p < 0.05) variations across plant parts and between varieties. Leaves of both species exhibited the most enriched biochemical profiles, containing the highest levels of phenolics (1893–2675 mg GAE/100 g), flavonoids (345–380 mg CE/100 g), chlorophylls (78–87 mg/kg), and β-carotene (29–33 mg/kg), while stems ranked second in bioactive compound richness. Mineral analysis showed that leaves and stems, particularly those of S. villosum, were superior sources of Fe (up to 1586 mg/kg), Zn (up to 174 mg/kg), Mn (up to 49 mg/kg), and Ca (up to 6.41 g/100 g). Fruits contributed moderate levels of vitamins, carotenoids, and minerals, whereas roots generally contained the lowest concentrations. Antioxidant assays demonstrated strong DPPH radical scavenging activity (53–79 %) and high FRAP (1222–11107 mg TE/100 g), with leaves showing the greatest antioxidant capacity. This was further supported by PCA-based separation of plant parts according to phytochemical density. Heavy metals were detected only in trace amounts, and Pb and As were absent, confirming safety for potential use. Overall, the findings highlight the exceptional phytochemical richness of Solanum species, particularly their leaves and stems, and underscore their potential as sustainable natural sources of antioxidants, minerals, and bioactive ingredients for functional food and health-promoting applications.

本研究对茄属植物茄属（Solanum nigrum, Solanum villosum）的果实、叶、茎、根的化学成分、矿物质含量、生物活性成分及抗氧化活性进行了综合评价。植物物料经超声干燥、粉碎、提取。结果显示植物各部位间和品种间存在显著差异（p < 0.05）。两种植物的叶片生化特征最丰富，酚类物质（1893 ~ 2675 mg GAE/100 g）、黄酮类物质（345 ~ 380 mg CE/100 g）、叶绿素（78 ~ 87 mg/kg）和β-胡萝卜素（29 ~ 33 mg/kg）含量最高，茎部生物活性物质含量次之。矿物分析结果表明，以毛竹叶和茎为代表的毛竹叶和茎是铁（1586 mg/kg）、锌（174 mg/kg）、锰（49 mg/kg）和钙（6.41 g/100 g）的主要来源。水果提供了中等水平的维生素、类胡萝卜素和矿物质，而根通常含有最低的浓度。抗氧化实验表明，其叶片具有较强的DPPH自由基清除能力（53 - 79%）和较高的FRAP (1222-11107 mg TE/100 g)，其中抗氧化能力最强。基于pca的植物化学成分密度分离进一步支持了这一观点。重金属仅检出微量，铅和砷均未检出，可安全使用。总的来说，这些发现突出了茄属植物化学物质的丰富程度，特别是它们的叶子和茎，并强调了它们作为抗氧化剂、矿物质和生物活性成分的可持续天然来源的潜力，可用于功能性食品和促进健康的应用。

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引用次数: 0

Novel commensal rhizobacteria isolated from field-grown canola plants 从油菜中分离的新型共生根瘤菌

IF 3.8 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology

Pub Date : 2025-12-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103899

Christopher Blake , Storme de Scally , John Pascoe , Atharva Bhide , Aysha L. Sezmis , Perran L.M. Cook , Vanessa N.L. Wong , Harsh Raman , Michael J. McDonald

Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria have the potential to reduce reliance on synthetic fertilizers. However, the rhizosphere-associated microbiota of canola (Brassica napus) remains understudied despite the crop's global significance. In this study, we isolated and characterized 12 bacterial strains from canola roots, to better understand the diversity and potential agricultural benefits of the canola microbiome. Using a combination of long- and short-read whole-genome sequencing, we generated high-quality genome assemblies of all 12 bacterial species. Genomic analysis revealed genes linked to nitrogen fixation and other potential functional capabilities relevant to plant growth. Growth in nitrogen-deficient media, ammonium production asssays, and acetylene reduction assays, support potential nitrogen fixation traits. Although bacterial inoculation did not significantly enhance early seedling development under nitrogen-limited conditions, continuous coculture with bacteria did not negatively impact plant performance, suggesting a commensal relationship between these isolates and their canola host. This work expands current knowledge of the canola microbiome by identifying commensal microbes closely associated with canola roots for synthetic-community design aimed at improving canola productivity.

促进植物生长的根瘤菌有可能减少对合成肥料的依赖。然而，尽管油菜具有全球意义，但其根际相关微生物群仍未得到充分研究。在这项研究中，我们从油菜籽根中分离并鉴定了12株细菌，以更好地了解油菜籽微生物组的多样性和潜在的农业效益。使用长读和短读全基因组测序的组合，我们生成了所有12种细菌的高质量基因组组装。基因组分析揭示了与固氮和其他与植物生长相关的潜在功能能力相关的基因。在缺氮培养基中的生长、产铵试验和乙炔还原试验支持潜在的固氮特性。虽然细菌接种在氮限制条件下不能显著促进幼苗早期发育，但与细菌持续共培养对植株性能没有负面影响，这表明这些分离物与其油菜寄主存在共生关系。这项工作通过鉴定与油菜籽根密切相关的共生微生物，扩展了目前对油菜籽微生物组的了解，用于旨在提高油菜籽生产力的合成群落设计。

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引用次数: 0

Unencapsulated and encapsulated Enterococcus faecium E297 added to oat flakes: protective effect against Salmonella Enteritidis in a simulated gastrointestinal system 燕麦片中添加未封装和封装的粪肠球菌E297：在模拟胃肠道系统中对肠炎沙门氏菌的保护作用

IF 3.8 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology

Pub Date : 2025-12-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103896

Rafaela Ansiliero , Taís Nunzio Müller , Stéfani Mallmann , Josiane Marcon , Márcia Bar Schuster , Wladimir Padilha da Silva , Aniela Pinto Kempka , Liziane Schittler Moroni

This study evaluated the protective effect of Enterococcus faecium E297 against Salmonella Enteritidis in a simulated gastrointestinal system, using both unencapsulated and encapsulated forms via the double emulsion technique (W₁/O/W₂) in oat flakes. Enterococcus faecium E297 was encapsulated using extrusion and double emulsion, with encapsulation efficiency being higher for double emulsion (83.99 ± 0.65) compared to extrusion (61.47 ± 4.12 %) after 30 days of storage at 25 °C. Given that oat flakes are stored at room temperature, double emulsion encapsulation was selected for further experiments. Enterococcus faecium E297 encapsulated by double emulsion exhibited greater resistance under simulated gastrointestinal digestion conditions (8.69 ± 0.10 log CFU/mL) compared to the unencapsulated form (5.06 ± 0.06 log CFU/mL). When added to oat flakes and stored at 25 °C for 30 days, both forms of the microorganism showed a reduction in counts, but without significant differences between them, maintaining a cell concentration adequate to be considered probiotic. In oat flakes contaminated with S. Enteritidis and supplemented with E. faecium E297, exposure to simulated gastrointestinal conditions reduced the pathogen concentration by more than 3.5 log CFU/g, regardless of the method used to add the potentially probiotic microorganism. Thus, the food matrix exerted a protective effect on E. faecium E297. It is concluded that the double emulsion technique is effective for encapsulating E. faecium E297 and that its addition to oat flakes provides protection against S. Enteritidis during gastrointestinal digestion.

本研究通过燕麦片的双乳技术（W1/O/W2），评估了粪肠球菌E297在模拟胃肠道系统中对肠炎沙门氏菌的保护作用。采用挤压法和双乳法对粪肠球菌E297进行包封，25℃条件下保存30 d后，双乳包封率为83.99±0.65%，挤压包封率为61.47±4.12%。考虑到燕麦片的室温贮藏条件，选择双乳包封进行进一步实验。双乳包封的粪肠球菌E297在模拟胃肠道消化条件下的抗性（8.69±0.10 log CFU/mL）高于未包封的E297（5.06±0.06 log CFU/mL）。当添加到燕麦片中并在25°C下储存30天时，两种形式的微生物都显示计数减少，但它们之间没有显着差异，保持足够的细胞浓度，被认为是益生菌。在被肠炎沙门氏菌污染并添加粪肠杆菌E297的燕麦片中，无论采用何种方式添加潜在的益生菌微生物，暴露于模拟胃肠道条件下，病原体浓度降低了3.5 log CFU/g以上。由此可见，食物基质对粪肠杆菌E297具有保护作用。综上所述，双乳技术对粪肠杆菌E297的包封是有效的，在燕麦片中添加双乳技术对胃肠道消化过程中的肠炎沙门氏菌具有保护作用。

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引用次数: 0

Immobilization strategies for alkaline protease: A comprehensive overview from fundamental knowledge to recent advances in techniques and applications 碱性蛋白酶的固定化策略：从基础知识到技术和应用的最新进展的全面概述

IF 3.8 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology

Pub Date : 2025-12-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103900

Mazen Khaled Alsahari , Sami Karam , Hani Abdulwahid Alhajj , Yan Luo , Feng F. Hong

Alkaline proteases are essential biocatalysts with broad industrial relevance due to their high activity and stability under alkaline and high-temperature conditions. Recent studies have shown that immobilized alkaline proteases can keep more than 80 % of their original activity after 8–10 reuse cycles. When conditions are right, they can be four times more efficient as catalysts than free forms. This shows that immobilization can improve operational performance. Moreover, advancements in carrier design have contributed to reducing immobilization costs by approximately 60 %, highlighting the growing economic feasibility of these systems. This review summarizes the recent progress in immobilization strategies for alkaline proteases over the past five years, with an emphasis on approaches that enhance enzyme stability, reusability, and catalytic efficiency. It compares four key techniques: covalent binding, adsorption, entrapment-encapsulation, and cross-linking, highlighting their benefits and limitations. Furthermore, it discusses recent innovations such as nanostructured hybrid carriers, magnetic metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), and multifunctional composites that minimize enzyme leakage and activity loss. Finally, the review evaluates industrial and biocatalytic applications, providing insights and statistical guidance for selecting cost-effective and eco-friendly immobilization methods. Consequently, this work serves as a valuable resource for researchers and practitioners seeking to optimize alkaline protease immobilization for enhanced performance in diverse applications.

碱性蛋白酶因其在碱性和高温条件下的高活性和稳定性而成为具有广泛工业意义的重要生物催化剂。近年来的研究表明，固定化碱性蛋白酶在重复使用8-10次后仍能保持80%以上的活性。当条件合适时，它们作为催化剂的效率是自由形态的四倍。这表明固定可以提高操作性能。此外，航母设计的进步有助于将固定成本降低约60%，突出了这些系统日益增长的经济可行性。本文综述了近五年来碱性蛋白酶固定化策略的最新进展，重点介绍了提高酶稳定性、可重复使用性和催化效率的方法。它比较了四种关键技术：共价结合、吸附、包封和交联，突出了它们的优点和局限性。此外，它还讨论了最近的创新，如纳米结构杂化载体，磁性金属有机框架（mof）和多功能复合材料，以最大限度地减少酶泄漏和活性损失。最后，综述评估了工业和生物催化的应用，为选择成本效益和生态友好的固定方法提供了见解和统计指导。因此，这项工作为研究人员和从业者寻求优化碱性蛋白酶固定化以提高不同应用中的性能提供了宝贵的资源。

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引用次数: 0

Single-enclosure black soldier fly system for decentralized conversion of mixed organic residues into feed-grade larvae and stabilized frass 用于将混合有机残留物分散转化为饲料级幼虫和稳定杂草的单围护黑兵蝇系统

IF 3.8 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology

Pub Date : 2025-12-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103905

Rachana D. Sharma , Anupa Velusamy , Prabhu Thangadurai

This study demonstrates a low-cost, single-enclosure black soldier fly (BSF, Hermetia illucens) biopod for decentralized conversion of mixed organic residues into feed-grade larvae and stabilized frass. We evaluated 15-day cycles on kitchen waste (KW) and farm waste (FW), measuring mass reduction, larval yield, and agronomic performance. In controlled runs, dry-matter reduction averaged 79 ± 7 % (KW) and 65 ± 6 % (FW). Larval yield was 12 ± 2 % and 10 ± 2 % of input dry matter (DM), respectively, corresponding to recovery of roughly one-tenth of the incoming dry solids as harvestable larvae. Average daily wet-mass reduction was ≈5 % d⁻¹ (KW) and ≈4 % d⁻¹ (FW). In 20 household and small-farm deployments, users received brief initial training and then operated the system independently for consecutive 15-day cycles. Performance stabilized at 73 ± 6 % dry-matter reduction and 11 ± 2 % larval yield, and 90 % of users reported willingness to continue operating the unit, indicating reproducibility by non-specialists. Sun-dried larval meal contained ≈21–29 % protein and ≈21–31 % lipid, lauric-rich (C12:0 dominant). Stabilized frass met maturity criteria (germination index ≈ 90 %), had near-neutral pH, and contained total N ≈ 3.2–3.5 % DM. When applied on a plant-available nitrogen basis in greenhouse pots, frass supported tomato, brinjal, and chilli yields that were statistically comparable to mineral fertilizer at 150 kg N ha⁻¹ and consistently higher than compost adjusted to the same plant-available nitrogen. Taken together, these results provide a practical, scalable pathway for rapid on-site waste attenuation with concurrent production of locally useful feed and fertilizer, advancing nutrient circularity in resource-constrained settings.

本研究展示了一种低成本的单圈养黑兵蝇（BSF, Hermetia illucens）生物足类动物，用于将混合有机残留物分散转化为饲料级幼虫和稳定的杂草。我们评估了厨房垃圾（KW）和农场垃圾（FW）的15天周期，测量了质量减少、幼虫产量和农艺性能。在对照运行中，干物质减少平均为79±7% （KW）和65±6% （FW）。幼虫产量分别为输入干物质（DM）的12±2%和10±2%，相当于回收约十分之一的输入干固体作为可收获的幼虫。平均日湿质量减量≈5% d−1 （KW）和≈4% d−1 （FW）。在20个家庭和小农场部署中，用户接受了简短的初始培训，然后连续15天独立操作系统。性能稳定在73±6%的干物质减少和11±2%的幼虫产量，90%的用户报告愿意继续使用该装置，表明非专业人员的可重复性。晒干的幼虫粉含有≈21 - 29%的蛋白质和≈21 - 31%的脂肪，富含月桂醇（C12:0优势）。稳定的草符合成熟标准（发芽指数≈90%），pH值接近中性，总氮含量≈3.2 - 3.5% DM。在温室盆栽中施用植物有效氮时，草对番茄、茄子和辣椒的产量在统计上可与150 kg N ha - 1的矿物肥相比较，并始终高于施用相同植物有效氮的堆肥。综上所述，这些结果提供了一种实用的、可扩展的途径，用于现场废物的快速衰减，同时生产当地有用的饲料和肥料，促进资源受限环境下的养分循环。

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引用次数: 0

Evaluating the growth and productivity performances of Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.), Varieties Grown under water stress conditions 水分胁迫条件下茄子品种生长及生产性能评价

IF 3.8 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology

Pub Date : 2025-12-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103902

Dina Maachi, Mariam Oussellam, Kamal Aberkani

Water scarcity is a limiting factor impacting plant growth, yield, and photosynthesis, leading to reduced agricultural production in the arid and semi-arid regions of the world. This study aims to evaluate the growing performance of nine commercial varieties of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.), under water stress conditions. Two types of irrigation treatments were used: 100 % (irrigation made by the grower) and 50 %. The field experiment was conducted in 2022 in the Mediterranean area of northeastern Morocco. The design of this study was completely randomized and contained blocks and with five replications for each variety for each irrigation treatment. Various physio-morphological parameters were recorded, such as growth parameters, relative water content (RWC), root biomass, fruit quality, chlorophyll a fluorescence (Fv/Fm, PIabs, PItotal, DI0/CS0 and ABS/CS0) and yield parameters. The main results showed highly significant differences among the varieties under water stress treatment. Plant height reductions ranged from 1.83 % to 13.36 % for the all the varieties, with ‘Tamara’ exhibited a 28.85 % reduction in flower production. The RWC decreased by 26.8 % in ‘Tamara’, Root biomass was reduced by 10.3 %–40.7 % in most eggplant varieties under water deficit stress. ‘Chinoise’ variety showed high tolerance to water shortage with a higher number of fruits and yield under the two treatments. Conversely, ‘Aswab’ variety presented a significant sensibility to water deficit, as evidenced by its production of the lowest number of fruits. The yield of ‘Samara’ decreased by 37.32 %, marking the highest reduction among the varieties studied. These studies highlight the importance of selecting water scarcity tolerant varieties of eggplants under the semi-arid climate of the Mediterranean area.

水资源短缺是影响植物生长、产量和光合作用的一个限制因素，导致世界干旱和半干旱地区的农业产量下降。本研究旨在评价9个茄子（Solanum melongena L.）商品品种在水分胁迫下的生长性能。采用两种灌溉处理：100%（种植户自行灌溉）和50%。该田间试验于2022年在摩洛哥东北部的地中海地区进行。本研究的设计是完全随机的，包含区块，每个灌溉处理的每个品种有5个重复。记录生长参数、相对含水量（RWC）、根系生物量、果实品质、叶绿素a荧光（Fv/Fm、PIabs、PItotal、DI0/CS0和ABS/CS0）和产量参数等生理形态参数。主要结果表明，水分胁迫处理下品种间差异极显著。所有品种的株高下降幅度为1.83% ~ 13.36%，其中‘塔玛拉’的花产量下降了28.85%。在水分亏缺胁迫下，“塔玛拉”的RWC下降了26.8%，大多数茄子品种的根系生物量减少了10.3% ~ 40.7%。两种处理下，‘中国’品种对缺水表现出较高的耐受性，果实数量和产量均较高。相反，“Aswab”品种对水分亏缺表现出显著的敏感性，其果实数量最少。“萨马拉”的产量下降了37.32%，是所研究品种中产量下降幅度最大的。这些研究强调了在地中海地区半干旱气候下选择耐缺水茄子品种的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Biofunctional assessment of chicory as a prebiotic in dogs: effects on nutrient metabolism, hindgut health biomarkers, and immune response 菊苣作为益生元在狗体内的生物功能评估：对营养代谢、后肠健康生物标志物和免疫反应的影响

IF 3.8 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology

Pub Date : 2025-12-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103904

Kumar Baburao Kore , Ashok Kumar Pattanaik , Sachin Kumar

To determine the effects of chicory root powder as a prebiotic functional food, 16 Labrador pups were allotted into four equal groups, viz. a control (CON) and three treatment groups; the latter supplemented with chicory root powder at 5 (PR5), 10 (PR10) and 15 (PR15) g/kg feed DM. The findings showed that fibre digestibility was increased (P < 0.05) with a lower digestibility of DM, OM, and NFE in the treatment groups compared to CON. Chicory supplementation tended to reduce faecal pH and significantly increased faecal lactate in PR10 and PR15, while ammonia showed a slight, nonsignificant decline. Total and individual SCFAs including acetate, propionate, and butyrate, were elevated in PR10 and PR15, although SCFA molar proportions remained unchanged across diets. The treatment groups exhibited greater faecal counts of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli and lower counts of clostridia and coliforms compared to CON. Chicory supplementation altered the metabolic profile by reducing (P < 0.05) plasma glucose and blood urea nitrogen, and improving lipid profile through lowered plasma triglycerides, total- and LDL-cholesterol; these effects were most pronounced in PR10 group, corresponding to 10 g/kg chicory supplementation. The delayed-type hypersensitivity response to phytohaemagglutinin-P indicated enhanced (P < 0.05) cell-mediated immunity in PR10 and PR15 groups. Plasma immunoglobulin G concentrations were also higher (P < 0.05) in PR15 group compared with the control. Overall, the results revealed that chicory root powder, used as a prebiotic source, has the most beneficial functional effects when added to homemade dog food at a level of 10 g/kg.

为了确定菊苣根粉作为益生元功能食品的效果，将16只拉布拉多幼犬分为4个相等的组，即对照组（CON）和3个治疗组；结果表明，饲粮中添加5 （PR5）、10 （PR10）和15 (PR15) g/kg DM的菊苣根粉提高了饲粮纤维消化率（P < 0.05），降低了DM、OM和NFE的消化率。添加菊苣可降低粪便pH值，显著提高PR10和PR15的乳酸含量，而氨含量略有下降，但不显著。在PR10和PR15中，总SCFA和单个SCFA（包括醋酸盐、丙酸盐和丁酸盐）升高，但SCFA摩尔比例在不同饮食中保持不变。与对照组相比，处理组的粪便中双歧杆菌和乳酸菌数量增加，梭菌和大肠菌群数量减少。菊苣的添加通过降低血浆葡萄糖和尿素氮（P < 0.05）改变了代谢特征，并通过降低血浆甘油三酯、总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇改善了血脂特征；这些效果在PR10组最为明显，相当于添加10 g/kg菊苣。对植物血凝素-P的延迟型超敏反应表明PR10和PR15组细胞介导的免疫增强（P < 0.05）。PR15组血浆免疫球蛋白G浓度也高于对照组（P < 0.05）。综上所述，作为益生元来源的菊苣根粉，在自制狗粮中添加10 g/kg的水平时，具有最有益的功能效果。

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引用次数: 0

Evaluating phosphate- and potassium-solubilizing endophytic bacteria and brown-rot fungi for their effects on 137Cs uptake by rice 评价增磷增钾内生细菌和褐腐菌对水稻吸收137Cs的影响

IF 3.8 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology

Pub Date : 2025-12-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103903

Salem Djedidi , Yusuke Sone , Naoko Ohkama-Ohtsu , Taiichiro Ookawa , Makoto Yoshida , Tadashi Yokoyama

Bacteria and fungi are being increasingly explored for their potential to modulate radionuclide uptake by plants. In this study, we assessed the effects of endophytic bacterial inoculations and fungal amendments on radiocesium (¹³⁷Cs) uptake by rice grown in contaminated soil of Fukushima. In the first pot experiment, endophytic bacteria with phosphate- and potassium-solubilizing abilities were isolated from field-grown rice in Fukushima and applied as soil inoculants. In the second experiment, novel soil amendments based on brown wood-rot fungi were developed and evaluated. Bacterial and fungal treatments differentially affected plant growth, with isolate-dependent bacterial effects and cultivar-specific responses to fungal amendments. Bacterial and fungal treatments generally reduced ¹³⁷Cs accumulation in the aboveground plant parts. Two endophytic strains, Micrococcus sp. 8R2-e and 3L2-a, significantly decreased ¹³⁷Cs quantity in the plant shoots by 26 % and 33 %, respectively. The reduction in ¹³⁷Cs uptake was more pronounced with fungal amendments, particularly for the LTAT-29 cultivar, where reductions of 60 %, 56 %, and 71 % were induced by Fomitopsis pinicola-, Gloeophyllum trabeum-, and Wolfiporia cocos-based amendments, respectively. This reduction can be attributed to several mechanisms. Although some isolates and fungi solubilized ¹³⁷Cs when applied alone to soil, their presence with plants likely promoted ¹³⁷Cs immobilization through microbial sorption, root-associated retention, and re-fixation into fungal mycelia or decayed wood used as amendments, as inferred from the dynamics of exchangeable ¹³⁷Cs in soil. Further experiments are needed to confirm these mechanisms and to identify additional factors that contribute to the reduction of ¹³⁷Cs uptake in rice.

细菌和真菌调节植物对放射性核素摄取的潜力正受到越来越多的探索。在本研究中，我们评估了内生细菌接种和真菌改良对福岛污染土壤中水稻吸收放射性铯（137Cs）的影响。在第一个盆栽试验中，从福岛稻田中分离出具有溶磷和溶钾能力的内生细菌，并将其作为土壤接种剂。在第二个试验中，开发并评价了基于褐腐木腐菌的新型土壤改良剂。细菌和真菌处理对植物生长的影响不同，具有分离依赖的细菌效应和对真菌修饰的品种特异性反应。细菌和真菌处理总体上减少了植物地上部分137Cs的积累。两株内生菌株微球菌8R2-e和3L2-a分别显著降低了植株芽部中137Cs的含量26%和33%。在真菌改良中，137Cs的吸收减少更为明显，特别是LTAT-29品种，其中，以红绒拟南芥为基础的改良，Gloeophyllum trabeum-和Wolfiporia cocos为基础的改良分别诱导了60%，56%和71%的减少。这种减少可归因于几种机制。虽然一些分离物和真菌在单独施用于土壤时可以溶解137Cs，但根据土壤中可交换性137Cs的动态推断，它们与植物的存在可能通过微生物吸收、根相关保留和再固定到真菌菌丝或腐烂木材中作为修正剂来促进137Cs的固定化。需要进一步的实验来证实这些机制，并确定导致水稻吸收137Cs减少的其他因素。

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引用次数: 0

Coproduction of 3-hydroxypropionic acid and ethanol from corn kernels with Issatchenkia orientalis 玉米籽粒协同生产3-羟基丙酸和乙醇的研究

IF 3.8 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology

Pub Date : 2025-12-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103906

Ying Tan , Avishruti Poudel , Deokyeol Jeong , Haixin Peng , Ji Qi , Nilofar Arabi , Seyedamirreza Babaei , Linjing Jia , Mairui Zhang , Shubhangi Arvelli , Eun Joong Oh , Jikai Zhao

To revitalize the corn ethanol industry, it would be promising to apply existing facilities to produce more valuable bioproducts, such as 3-hydroxypropionic acid (3-HP). This study investigated the production of single ethanol using an engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae and the coproduction of 3-HP and ethanol using an engineered Issatchenkia orientalis. Twelve hybrid corn varieties were used, with their starch and protein contents ranging from 66.3 % to 70.4 % and 8.3 %–10.2 %, respectively. Two enzymatic hydrolysis strategies were compared at a 30 % (w/v) solid loading: separate liquefaction and saccharification (scenario I) and simultaneous liquefaction and saccharification (scenario II). Results showed that scenario I reached higher ethanol concentrations (from 80.2 g/L to 98.9 g/L) than scenario II (86.7 g/L to 93.3 g/L) for the same corn variety when using S. cerevisiae, while scenario II offered a more stable sugar conversion (95.5–98.5 %). Moreover, fermentation of scenario I hydrolysates with I. orientalis resulted in the 3-HP concentrations ranging from 5.5 g/L to 7.6 g/L and ethanol concentrations ranging from 39.0 g/L to 71.3 g/L. A correlation analysis revealed no relationship between the initial corn composition and the final product concentrations, but the consumed glucose concentration had significant positive correlations with ethanol concentrations obtained from fermentation with S. cerevisiae (r = 0.8 for scenario I and r = 0.6 for scenario II) and with both ethanol and 3-HP concentrations obtained from coproduction with I. orientalis (r = 0.9). This work provides insights into coproducing 3-HP and ethanol from corn kernels with the existing ethanol plants.

为了振兴玉米乙醇工业，利用现有设施生产更有价值的生物产品，如3-羟基丙酸（3-HP）是有希望的。本研究研究了利用工程酿酒酵母生产单一乙醇和利用工程Issatchenkia orientalis联合生产3-HP和乙醇。12个玉米杂交种，淀粉和蛋白质含量分别为66.3% ~ 70.4%和8.3% ~ 10.2%。在30% （w/v）固体负荷下，比较了两种酶解策略：分离液化和糖化（场景I）和同时液化和糖化（场景II）。结果表明，同一玉米品种使用酿酒酵母时，情景1的乙醇浓度（从80.2 g/L到98.9 g/L）高于情景2（从86.7 g/L到93.3 g/L），而情景2的糖转化率更稳定（95.5 - 98.5%）。此外，情景1水解产物与东洋蓟发酵产生的3-HP浓度在5.5 g/L至7.6 g/L之间，乙醇浓度在39.0 g/L至71.3 g/L之间。相关分析显示，玉米初始成分与最终产物浓度之间没有相关性，但消耗的葡萄糖浓度与酿酒酵母发酵所得乙醇浓度（情景1和情景2分别为r = 0.8和r = 0.6）以及与orientalis合作生产所得乙醇和3-HP浓度均呈显著正相关（r = 0.9）。这项工作为与现有的乙醇工厂共同生产3-HP和乙醇提供了见解。

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引用次数: 0

Isolation, identification, and potential applications of endophytic bacteria from brown macroalga Hormophysa triquetra 褐藻内生细菌的分离、鉴定及应用前景

IF 3.8 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology

Pub Date : 2025-12-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103901

Shazia Bibi, Sara Gabr, Atefeh Esmaeili, Iman Saleh, Mohammed H. Abu-Dieyeh

The study aimed at isolation of bacterial endophytes from brown macroalga Hormophysa triquetra (HT). A total of 16 endophytic strains were obtained, belonging to five genera: Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Rothia, Lysinibacillus, and Stenotrophomonas. The isolates were identified based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Multiple assays — including hydrogen cyanide (HCN) production, phosphate solubilization, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase activity, indole acetic acid (IAA) production, and protease enzyme activity were conducted. Moreover, salt tolerance assays and biocontrol tests against Fusarium oxysporum and Botrytis cinerea were also achieved. The results revealed promising plant growth–promoting and stress-mitigating capabilities among the isolated endophytes with strong performance by Bacillus cereus (HT3), which also proved to be effective against fungal strains and showed tolerance to saline conditions. Greenhouse experiments using HT3-treated tomato seedlings further confirmed the in vitro findings. Under abiotic (salinity) and biotic (F. oxysporum) stressed conditions, tomato seedlings treated with HT3 exhibited healthy growth regardless of stressors’ presence. This study highlights the potential of endophytes as biofertilizers and biocontrol agents, offering a promising step toward more sustainable and resilient agricultural practices.

本研究旨在分离棕巨藻（horphysa triquetra， HT）中的细菌内生菌。共获得内生菌株16株，分属5属：芽孢杆菌、假单胞菌、罗氏菌、溶菌杆菌和窄养单胞菌。通过16S rRNA基因测序对分离株进行鉴定。进行了多项检测，包括氰化氢（HCN）生成、磷酸盐增溶、1-氨基环丙烷-1-羧酸酯（ACC）脱氨酶活性、吲哚乙酸（IAA）生成和蛋白酶活性。此外，还进行了对尖孢镰刀菌和灰霉病的耐盐性试验和生物防治试验。结果表明，蜡样芽孢杆菌（Bacillus cereus, HT3）分离的内生菌具有促进植物生长和缓解胁迫的良好能力，对真菌菌株也有较强的拮抗作用，并表现出耐盐性。ht3处理番茄幼苗的温室实验进一步证实了这一体外研究结果。在非生物（盐度）和生物（f.s oxysporum）胁迫条件下，无论胁迫源是否存在，HT3处理的番茄幼苗都表现出健康的生长。这项研究强调了内生菌作为生物肥料和生物防治剂的潜力，为更可持续和更有弹性的农业实践提供了有希望的一步。

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引用次数: 0