Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology最新文献_第3页

Croton grewioides Baill essential oil reduces biofilm formation and the virulence of Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris 巴豆精油可降低油菜黄单胞菌的生物膜形成和毒力。定

IF 3.8 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology

Pub Date : 2025-12-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103913

Caroline Alves Soares , Itamara Bomfim Gois , Luís Fernando de Andrade Nascimento , Larissa Sousa Gois , Jessica Silva Santos , Arie Fitzgerald Blank , Paulo Roberto Gagliardi , Roberta Pereira Miranda Fernandes

Preventing crop losses caused by plant pathogens through sustainable strategies is crucial for food security and environmental protection. Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc), the causal agent of black rot in crucifers, severely affects Brassica oleracea L. crops worldwide. This study evaluated essential oils (EOs) from Croton grewioides Baill. for their ability to inhibit Xcc virulence factors, focusing on biofilm formation, bacterial motility, and extracellular enzyme activity. Leaves of 25 C. grewioides accessions were subjected to hydrodistillation and the EOs of 5 accessions, selected from antibiofilm activity screening, were analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Eugenol was identified as the major compound in accessions CGR-107 (82.86 %), CGR-108 (81.67 %) and CGR-220 (84.92 %), while methyl eugenol (70.10 %) and methyl chavicol (69.17 %) predominated in CGR-311 and CGR-204, respectively. Biofilm formation was significantly reduced, with eugenol being the compound with the highest correlation with antibiofilm activity (VIP = 2.54, PLS-DA, accuracy: 0.65, R²: 0.98, Q²: 0.97). Degradation of preformed biofilms reached 71.47 % (CGR-220). Bacterial displacement was also inhibited, with CGR-311 presenting the smallest displacement area (0.35 cm²). Cellulase, endoglucanase, and protease activities were significantly reduced, with inhibitions of 75.9 % for endoglucanase (CGR-204), 59.0 % for cellulase (CGR-204), and 64.0 % for protease (CGR-107). The CGR-204 accession did not compromise cell viability, suggesting antivirulence action without bactericidal effect. These results indicate that C. grewioides EOs are promising antivirulence agents for the sustainable control of Xcc, with the potential to reduce dependence on synthetic agrochemicals.

通过可持续战略预防植物病原体造成的作物损失对粮食安全和环境保护至关重要。油菜黄单胞菌。油菜霉属（campestris, Xcc）是十字花科植物黑腐病的病原菌，在世界范围内严重危害甘蓝作物。本研究对巴豆精油进行了评价。因为它们能够抑制Xcc毒力因子，重点是生物膜形成，细菌运动和细胞外酶活性。采用加氢蒸馏法对25份金银花叶片进行精馏，并对抗菌膜活性筛选的5份金银花叶片进行气相色谱-质谱联用分析。在CGR-107、CGR-108和CGR-220中，丁香酚占82.86%、81.67%和84.92%，而在CGR-311和CGR-204中，甲基丁香酚占70.10%，甲基chavicol占69.17%。生物膜的形成明显减少，丁香酚是与抗菌膜活性相关性最高的化合物（VIP = 2.54, PLS-DA，准确度：0.65,R2: 0.98, Q2: 0.97）。预成型生物膜的降解率达到71.47% （CGR-220）。细菌位移也受到抑制，CGR-311的位移面积最小（0.35 cm2）。纤维素酶、内切葡聚糖酶和蛋白酶活性显著降低，内切葡聚糖酶（CGR-204）、纤维素酶（CGR-204）和蛋白酶（CGR-107）的抑制率分别为75.9%、59.0%和64.0%。CGR-204的加入不影响细胞活力，表明其抗毒作用没有杀菌作用。这些结果表明，绿芽草是一种很有前景的抗毒剂，可用于Xcc的可持续控制，并有可能减少对合成农药的依赖。

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引用次数: 0

Targeted mutagenesis in glutamine synthetase for improved herbicide resistance and nitrogen utilization in maize 谷氨酰胺合成酶靶向诱变提高玉米抗除草剂能力和氮素利用率

IF 3.8 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology

Pub Date : 2025-12-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103914

Sneha Murmu , Mayank Rashmi , Santosh Kumar Behera , Sunil Kumar , Girish Kumar Jha , Jyoti Kumari , Gyan Prakash Mishra , P.V. Vara Prasad

Maize (Zea mays) is crucial not only for food and medicine but also for its industrial applications and use as animal feed. Glutamine synthetase (GS) is a crucial enzyme in maize, responsible for the assimilation and re-assimilation of ammonia through the formation of glutamine from ammonia and glutamate, accompanied by ATP hydrolysis. Weed infestation significantly reduces maize yields, and while herbicides are used to control weeds, they often interfere with maize's metabolic pathways, thereby affecting crop production. Phosphinothricin Phosphate (P3P), a commonly used broad-spectrum herbicide, inhibits GS in maize, causing ammonia accumulation, decreased glutamine levels, and eventually plant death. This study aims to identify an herbicide that can control weed growth without disrupting the activity of GS in maize, utilizing virtual screening and molecular dynamic simulation approaches. The research findings suggest that Bispyribac (PubChem CID: 443031) effectively controls the weed Setaria viridis without interfering with maize's metabolic pathways. Furthermore, site-directed mutations at the active site of GS, specifically R316C and R332C, were found to alter the structural and functional properties of the enzyme, conferring resistance to both Phosphinothricin Phosphate and Bispyribac. This study indicates that Bispyribac is a promising herbicide for weed control in maize fields, and targeted mutations in GS could enhance herbicide resistance in maize, improving crop productivity and sustainability. This study has important implications for agricultural practices, particularly in improving the efficiency and sustainability of maize production.

玉米（Zea mays）不仅对食品和医药至关重要，而且对其工业应用和用作动物饲料也至关重要。谷氨酰胺合成酶（Glutamine synthetase， GS）是玉米中的一种重要酶，负责氨的同化和再同化，通过氨和谷氨酸形成谷氨酰胺，并伴有ATP水解。杂草的侵染会显著降低玉米产量，虽然除草剂被用来控制杂草，但它们往往会干扰玉米的代谢途径，从而影响作物产量。磷酸膦丙氨酸（Phosphinothricin Phosphate, P3P）是一种常用的广谱除草剂，可抑制玉米中的GS，导致氨积累，谷氨酰胺水平降低，最终导致植物死亡。本研究旨在利用虚拟筛选和分子动力学模拟方法，鉴定一种既能控制杂草生长又不破坏玉米GS活性的除草剂。研究结果表明，Bispyribac （PubChem CID: 443031）在不干扰玉米代谢途径的情况下有效地控制了杂草Setaria viridis。此外，GS活性位点的位点定向突变，特别是R316C和R332C，被发现改变了酶的结构和功能特性，赋予了对磷酸膦丙氨酸和双嘧菌酯的抗性。本研究表明，双吡虫胺是一种很有前景的玉米杂草防治除草剂，GS的靶向突变可以增强玉米的抗除草剂能力，提高作物的产量和可持续性。这项研究对农业实践具有重要意义，特别是在提高玉米生产的效率和可持续性方面。

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引用次数: 0

Metabolomic analysis of carotenoids biosynthesis by Sphingomonas morindae sp. NBD5 森叶鞘单胞菌NBD5合成类胡萝卜素的代谢组学分析

IF 3.8 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology

Pub Date : 2025-12-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103917

Kun Lin , Chao Liu , Yang Liu , Qianqian Xu , Xiaoyu Cao , Yijun Yin , Hai Yan

Carotenoids, classified as tetraterpenoids, have extensive applications in food, medicine and cosmetics. This study elucidated complete carotenoid biosynthesis pathway and methylerythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) pathway in Sphingomonas morindae sp. NBD5 through metabolomics. Metabolomic profiling identified 7 carotenes and 8 xanthophylls synthesized by NBD5. Among these, the 4 most abundant carotenoids are β-carotene, phytoene, β-cryptoxanthin and zeaxanthin. In addition, the growth conditions of S. morindae sp. NBD5 were optimized. In the optimal fermentation culture in a 100 L fermentor, the maximum biomass of NBD5 was OD₆₈₀ 20.5 with feeding the mixture of glucose and yeast extracts and carotenoid content in the culture solution of NBD5 was 214.8 mg/L. Overall, this study is of great significance for understanding the biosynthesis of carotenoids in S. morindae sp. NBD5 and the application in high-value production of carotenoids.

类胡萝卜素属于四萜类，在食品、医药和化妆品中有着广泛的应用。本研究通过代谢组学方法，阐明了森林鞘单胞菌NBD5的完整类胡萝卜素生物合成途径和甲基赤藓糖醇4-磷酸（MEP）途径。代谢组学分析鉴定了由NBD5合成的7种胡萝卜素和8种叶黄素。其中，含量最多的4种类胡萝卜素是β-胡萝卜素、植物烯、β-隐黄质和玉米黄质。此外，还对桑葚胚NBD5的生长条件进行了优化。在100 L发酵罐的最佳发酵培养基中，以葡萄糖和酵母提取物混合饲喂，NBD5的最大生物量为OD680 20.5， NBD5培养液中类胡萝卜素含量为214.8 mg/L。综上所述，本研究对了解morindae sp. NBD5类胡萝卜素的生物合成及其在高价值类胡萝卜素生产中的应用具有重要意义。

引用次数: 0

Synthesis of waste-derived Tamarindus indica fruit (WD-TIF)-based polyphenol-encapsulated Ag-NPs: A next-generation sustainable antibiotic material 废柽柳果多酚包封Ag-NPs的合成：新一代可持续抗生素材料

IF 3.8 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology

Pub Date : 2025-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103908

Gad Elsayed Mohamed Salem , Mohamed A. El-Sakhawy , Zahraa Zakarya Abd El-Hafez Mohammad , Shaymaa A. Mohamed , Neetu Talreja , Wirongrong Tongdeesoontorn , Mohammad Ashfaq

The emergence of bacterial resistance has been incessantly increasing and is one of the most pressing global health threats today. Bacterial resistance is a “silent pandemic” that requires immediate, effective intervention rather than deferral to a future scenario. Therefore, the sustainable development of NPs might address issues associated with conventional synthesis while maintaining high biocompatibility. In this regard, the present study focuses on the synthesis of Ag-NPs from waste of Tamarindus indica fruit (WD-TIF-Ag) via a microwave process. The WD-TIF simultaneously acted as a reducing and encapsulating agent, thereby significantly improving the effectiveness of the WD-TIF-Ag composite due to its polyphenol content. The as-prepared WD-TIF-Ag composite was characterised using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The data confirms the successful synthesis of spherical Ag-NPs with a primary crystallite size of ∼12.5 nm and composite clusters in the 40–60 nm range. The as-prepared WD-TIF-Ag composite has effective antibacterial activity against both gram-negative (Escherichia coli (E. coli)) and gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus)) bacterial strains. The MIC value (10 μg/mL) and MBC value (40 μg/mL) of the WD-TIF-Ag composite were observed against S. aureus. Therefore, the as-prepared WD-TIF-Ag developed in this study is a facile, cost-effective, and sustainable approach to the development of antibiotics.

细菌耐药性的出现不断增加，是当今最紧迫的全球健康威胁之一。细菌耐药性是一种“无声的大流行”，需要立即有效的干预，而不是推迟到未来的情况。因此，NPs的可持续发展可能会在保持高生物相容性的同时解决与传统合成相关的问题。为此，本研究以柽柳果为原料，利用微波法合成银纳米粒子（Ag-NPs）。WD-TIF同时作为还原剂和包封剂，由于其多酚含量，从而显著提高了WD-TIF- ag复合材料的有效性。采用扫描电镜（SEM）、能量色散x射线能谱（EDX）、x射线衍射（XRD）和傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）对制备的WD-TIF-Ag复合材料进行了表征。这些数据证实了球形Ag-NPs的成功合成，其初始晶粒尺寸为~ 12.5 nm，复合簇在40-60 nm范围内。所制备的WD-TIF-Ag复合材料对革兰氏阴性（大肠杆菌）和革兰氏阳性（金黄色葡萄球菌）菌株均具有有效的抗菌活性。观察了WD-TIF-Ag复合物对金黄色葡萄球菌的MIC值（10 μg/mL）和MBC值（40 μg/mL）。因此，本研究开发的制备的WD-TIF-Ag是一种简便、经济、可持续的抗生素开发方法。

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引用次数: 0

Toxicity of aqueous extract of Crotalaria stipularia (Desv., 1814) against the Annona fruit borer Cerconota anonella (Sepp, 1830) (Lepidoptera: Oecophoridae) 大黄水提物的毒性研究。（1814）对番荔枝果螟Cerconota anonella的防治（1830年9月）（鳞翅目：蛾科）

IF 3.8 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology

Pub Date : 2025-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103909

Camila Pereira de Lima Chicuta , Andréa Carla de Almeida Barros , Marta Angelo dos Santos , Ruth Rufino do Nascimento , Josiel Santos do Nascimento , Luciano Aparecido Meireles Grillo , Jeinny Christine Gomes Barros , Orlando Francisco da Silva Moura , Johnnatan Duarte de Freitas , Francis Soares Gomes

The Annona fruit borer, Cerconota anonella (Sepp., 1830) (Lepidoptera: Oecophoridae), is a major pest of pine and soursop fruits, and its control commonly relies on synthetic pesticides that pose risks to non-target organisms. This study aimed to characterize the chemical composition of the aqueous seed extract of Crotalaria stipularia and evaluate its insecticidal activity against adult C. anonella. The crude extract was prepared in 50 mM Tris-HCl buffer (pH 8.0), quantified for protein content by the Bradford method, and tested for hemagglutinating activity to confirm the presence of lectins. The phytochemical profile was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Bioassays were conducted using artificial diets containing 30, 45, or 90 μg of extract protein per mL to assess mortality, feeding deterrence, nutritional parameters, and biochemical changes in the insects. HPLC analysis identified chlorogenic acid (2.8642 mg/kg) and syringaldehyde (0.2763 mg/kg) in the extract. The highest concentration (90 μg protein/mL) caused 50 % mortality after three days and significantly reduced relative growth rate, food conversion efficiency, and the levels of proteins, glucose, cholesterol, and triglycerides in the insects. These findings indicate that C. stipularia seed extract disrupts insect metabolism and exhibits promising potential as an eco-friendly alternative for the management of C. anonella.

番荔枝果螟，Cerconota anonella (Sepp.；， 1830)（鳞翅目：蝗科），是松树和番荔枝果实的主要害虫，其控制通常依赖于对非目标生物构成风险的合成农药。本研究旨在对黄花蓟马种子水提物的化学成分进行表征，并评价其对成虫的杀虫活性。粗提物在50 mM Tris-HCl缓冲液（pH 8.0）中制备，用Bradford法定量蛋白质含量，并检测血凝活性以确认凝集素的存在。采用高效液相色谱法测定其植物化学成分。使用每mL含有30、45或90 μg提取物蛋白的人工饲料进行生物测定，以评估昆虫的死亡率、摄食威慑、营养参数和生化变化。高效液相色谱法鉴定出绿原酸（2.8642 mg/kg）和丁香醛（0.2763 mg/kg）。最高浓度（90 μg蛋白质/mL）在3天后造成50%的死亡率，并显著降低昆虫的相对生长速度、食物转化效率以及蛋白质、葡萄糖、胆固醇和甘油三酯的水平。这些发现表明，托马种子提取物可以破坏昆虫的代谢，并显示出作为一种生态友好的替代管理的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Enzyme-assisted production of prebiotic sugars from Ulva rigida: A sustainable approach 酵素辅助生产僵藻的益生元糖：一种可持续的方法

IF 3.8 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology

Pub Date : 2025-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103910

Sudathip Chantorn , Weerada Krangkratok , Orawan La-ongkham , Jantana Praiboon

This study aimed to produce oligosaccharides from the green seaweed Ulva rigida using individual and combined enzymatic treatments with cellulase, xylanase, and pectinase.

Two types of samples were prepared: (1) ulvan polysaccharides (UPS) extracted, and (2) ulva powder (UPo) extracted. The oligosaccharides were analyzed for total sugars, reducing sugars, and monosaccharide composition. Their prebiotic potential was evaluated by assessing the growth of probiotics and inhibition of pathogenic bacteria, as well as their stability under gastrointestinal conditions. The cellulase-extracted UPS yielded the highest oligosaccharide concentration at 22.24 ± 0.022 mg/mL (p < 0.05). A combination of cellulase and xylanase extracted from UPo reached 17.83 ± 0.006 mg/mL (p < 0.05). The UPS-extracted significantly enhanced the growth of Lacticaseibacillus casei TISTR 1463 b y up to 496.97 ± 0.013 %, while UPo-extracted showed strong inhibitory activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 (43.74 ± 0.025 %). The oligosaccharides also promoted the growth of lactic acid bacteria and improved their survival in simulated gastrointestinal conditions. L. casei supplemented with UPS showed survival rates of 141.38 ± 0.009 % in α-amylase and 146.51 ± 0.014 % in acidic conditions, though lower survival was observed in bile salt environments. In summary, oligosaccharides sourced from UPS-extracted and UPo-extracted have significant prebiotic properties by enhancing beneficial gut microbiota and inhibiting pathogens, and their incorporation into diets or functional foods may confer substantial health advantages.

采用纤维素酶、木聚糖酶和果胶酶对绿海藻进行单独和联合酶处理，制备低聚糖。制备两种样品：(1)提取ulva多糖（UPS）和(2)提取ulva粉末（UPo）。分析了低聚糖的总糖、还原糖和单糖组成。通过评估益生菌的生长和致病菌的抑制，以及它们在胃肠道条件下的稳定性来评估它们的益生元潜力。纤维素酶提取的UPS低聚糖浓度最高，为22.24±0.022 mg/mL （p < 0.05）。从UPo中提取的纤维素酶和木聚糖酶的组合为17.83±0.006 mg/mL （p < 0.05）。ups提取物对干酪乳杆菌TISTR 1463 b的生长有显著的促进作用，可达496.97±0.013%；upo提取物对大肠杆菌ATCC 25922的生长有较强的抑制作用（43.74±0.025%）。低聚糖还能促进乳酸菌的生长，提高它们在模拟胃肠道条件下的存活率。添加UPS的干酪乳杆菌在α-淀粉酶和酸性条件下的存活率分别为141.38±0.009%和146.51±0.014%，而在胆盐环境下的存活率较低。综上所述，ups提取和upo提取的低聚糖具有显著的益生元特性，可以增强有益的肠道微生物群和抑制病原体，将其纳入饮食或功能性食品可能会带来实质性的健康益处。

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引用次数: 0

Phytochemical composition, bioactive compounds, and antioxidant activities of different parts of Solanum nigrum and Solanum villosum 龙葵和龙葵不同部位的植物化学成分、生物活性成分及抗氧化活性研究

IF 3.8 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology

Pub Date : 2025-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103907

Md Atiqur Rahman , Md. Mostafa Kamal , Md. Zahid Hasan , Rifat Hasan Himel , Arshad Ullah , Mazaharul Islam Saikat , Md. Tohidul Islam Sowrov , Rasel Islam , Ashraful Alam , Md. Nahidul Islam

This study provides a comprehensive evaluation of the chemical composition, mineral content, bioactive compounds, and antioxidant activity of the fruits, leaves, stems, and roots of Solanum nigrum and Solanum villosum. Plant materials were dried, pulverized and extracted by ultrasonication. The results revealed significant (p < 0.05) variations across plant parts and between varieties. Leaves of both species exhibited the most enriched biochemical profiles, containing the highest levels of phenolics (1893–2675 mg GAE/100 g), flavonoids (345–380 mg CE/100 g), chlorophylls (78–87 mg/kg), and β-carotene (29–33 mg/kg), while stems ranked second in bioactive compound richness. Mineral analysis showed that leaves and stems, particularly those of S. villosum, were superior sources of Fe (up to 1586 mg/kg), Zn (up to 174 mg/kg), Mn (up to 49 mg/kg), and Ca (up to 6.41 g/100 g). Fruits contributed moderate levels of vitamins, carotenoids, and minerals, whereas roots generally contained the lowest concentrations. Antioxidant assays demonstrated strong DPPH radical scavenging activity (53–79 %) and high FRAP (1222–11107 mg TE/100 g), with leaves showing the greatest antioxidant capacity. This was further supported by PCA-based separation of plant parts according to phytochemical density. Heavy metals were detected only in trace amounts, and Pb and As were absent, confirming safety for potential use. Overall, the findings highlight the exceptional phytochemical richness of Solanum species, particularly their leaves and stems, and underscore their potential as sustainable natural sources of antioxidants, minerals, and bioactive ingredients for functional food and health-promoting applications.

本研究对茄属植物茄属（Solanum nigrum, Solanum villosum）的果实、叶、茎、根的化学成分、矿物质含量、生物活性成分及抗氧化活性进行了综合评价。植物物料经超声干燥、粉碎、提取。结果显示植物各部位间和品种间存在显著差异（p < 0.05）。两种植物的叶片生化特征最丰富，酚类物质（1893 ~ 2675 mg GAE/100 g）、黄酮类物质（345 ~ 380 mg CE/100 g）、叶绿素（78 ~ 87 mg/kg）和β-胡萝卜素（29 ~ 33 mg/kg）含量最高，茎部生物活性物质含量次之。矿物分析结果表明，以毛竹叶和茎为代表的毛竹叶和茎是铁（1586 mg/kg）、锌（174 mg/kg）、锰（49 mg/kg）和钙（6.41 g/100 g）的主要来源。水果提供了中等水平的维生素、类胡萝卜素和矿物质，而根通常含有最低的浓度。抗氧化实验表明，其叶片具有较强的DPPH自由基清除能力（53 - 79%）和较高的FRAP (1222-11107 mg TE/100 g)，其中抗氧化能力最强。基于pca的植物化学成分密度分离进一步支持了这一观点。重金属仅检出微量，铅和砷均未检出，可安全使用。总的来说，这些发现突出了茄属植物化学物质的丰富程度，特别是它们的叶子和茎，并强调了它们作为抗氧化剂、矿物质和生物活性成分的可持续天然来源的潜力，可用于功能性食品和促进健康的应用。

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引用次数: 0

Novel commensal rhizobacteria isolated from field-grown canola plants 从油菜中分离的新型共生根瘤菌

IF 3.8 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology

Pub Date : 2025-12-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103899

Christopher Blake , Storme de Scally , John Pascoe , Atharva Bhide , Aysha L. Sezmis , Perran L.M. Cook , Vanessa N.L. Wong , Harsh Raman , Michael J. McDonald

Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria have the potential to reduce reliance on synthetic fertilizers. However, the rhizosphere-associated microbiota of canola (Brassica napus) remains understudied despite the crop's global significance. In this study, we isolated and characterized 12 bacterial strains from canola roots, to better understand the diversity and potential agricultural benefits of the canola microbiome. Using a combination of long- and short-read whole-genome sequencing, we generated high-quality genome assemblies of all 12 bacterial species. Genomic analysis revealed genes linked to nitrogen fixation and other potential functional capabilities relevant to plant growth. Growth in nitrogen-deficient media, ammonium production asssays, and acetylene reduction assays, support potential nitrogen fixation traits. Although bacterial inoculation did not significantly enhance early seedling development under nitrogen-limited conditions, continuous coculture with bacteria did not negatively impact plant performance, suggesting a commensal relationship between these isolates and their canola host. This work expands current knowledge of the canola microbiome by identifying commensal microbes closely associated with canola roots for synthetic-community design aimed at improving canola productivity.

促进植物生长的根瘤菌有可能减少对合成肥料的依赖。然而，尽管油菜具有全球意义，但其根际相关微生物群仍未得到充分研究。在这项研究中，我们从油菜籽根中分离并鉴定了12株细菌，以更好地了解油菜籽微生物组的多样性和潜在的农业效益。使用长读和短读全基因组测序的组合，我们生成了所有12种细菌的高质量基因组组装。基因组分析揭示了与固氮和其他与植物生长相关的潜在功能能力相关的基因。在缺氮培养基中的生长、产铵试验和乙炔还原试验支持潜在的固氮特性。虽然细菌接种在氮限制条件下不能显著促进幼苗早期发育，但与细菌持续共培养对植株性能没有负面影响，这表明这些分离物与其油菜寄主存在共生关系。这项工作通过鉴定与油菜籽根密切相关的共生微生物，扩展了目前对油菜籽微生物组的了解，用于旨在提高油菜籽生产力的合成群落设计。

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引用次数: 0

Unencapsulated and encapsulated Enterococcus faecium E297 added to oat flakes: protective effect against Salmonella Enteritidis in a simulated gastrointestinal system 燕麦片中添加未封装和封装的粪肠球菌E297：在模拟胃肠道系统中对肠炎沙门氏菌的保护作用

IF 3.8 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology

Pub Date : 2025-12-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103896

Rafaela Ansiliero , Taís Nunzio Müller , Stéfani Mallmann , Josiane Marcon , Márcia Bar Schuster , Wladimir Padilha da Silva , Aniela Pinto Kempka , Liziane Schittler Moroni

This study evaluated the protective effect of Enterococcus faecium E297 against Salmonella Enteritidis in a simulated gastrointestinal system, using both unencapsulated and encapsulated forms via the double emulsion technique (W₁/O/W₂) in oat flakes. Enterococcus faecium E297 was encapsulated using extrusion and double emulsion, with encapsulation efficiency being higher for double emulsion (83.99 ± 0.65) compared to extrusion (61.47 ± 4.12 %) after 30 days of storage at 25 °C. Given that oat flakes are stored at room temperature, double emulsion encapsulation was selected for further experiments. Enterococcus faecium E297 encapsulated by double emulsion exhibited greater resistance under simulated gastrointestinal digestion conditions (8.69 ± 0.10 log CFU/mL) compared to the unencapsulated form (5.06 ± 0.06 log CFU/mL). When added to oat flakes and stored at 25 °C for 30 days, both forms of the microorganism showed a reduction in counts, but without significant differences between them, maintaining a cell concentration adequate to be considered probiotic. In oat flakes contaminated with S. Enteritidis and supplemented with E. faecium E297, exposure to simulated gastrointestinal conditions reduced the pathogen concentration by more than 3.5 log CFU/g, regardless of the method used to add the potentially probiotic microorganism. Thus, the food matrix exerted a protective effect on E. faecium E297. It is concluded that the double emulsion technique is effective for encapsulating E. faecium E297 and that its addition to oat flakes provides protection against S. Enteritidis during gastrointestinal digestion.

本研究通过燕麦片的双乳技术（W1/O/W2），评估了粪肠球菌E297在模拟胃肠道系统中对肠炎沙门氏菌的保护作用。采用挤压法和双乳法对粪肠球菌E297进行包封，25℃条件下保存30 d后，双乳包封率为83.99±0.65%，挤压包封率为61.47±4.12%。考虑到燕麦片的室温贮藏条件，选择双乳包封进行进一步实验。双乳包封的粪肠球菌E297在模拟胃肠道消化条件下的抗性（8.69±0.10 log CFU/mL）高于未包封的E297（5.06±0.06 log CFU/mL）。当添加到燕麦片中并在25°C下储存30天时，两种形式的微生物都显示计数减少，但它们之间没有显着差异，保持足够的细胞浓度，被认为是益生菌。在被肠炎沙门氏菌污染并添加粪肠杆菌E297的燕麦片中，无论采用何种方式添加潜在的益生菌微生物，暴露于模拟胃肠道条件下，病原体浓度降低了3.5 log CFU/g以上。由此可见，食物基质对粪肠杆菌E297具有保护作用。综上所述，双乳技术对粪肠杆菌E297的包封是有效的，在燕麦片中添加双乳技术对胃肠道消化过程中的肠炎沙门氏菌具有保护作用。

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引用次数: 0

Immobilization strategies for alkaline protease: A comprehensive overview from fundamental knowledge to recent advances in techniques and applications 碱性蛋白酶的固定化策略：从基础知识到技术和应用的最新进展的全面概述

IF 3.8 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology

Pub Date : 2025-12-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103900

Mazen Khaled Alsahari , Sami Karam , Hani Abdulwahid Alhajj , Yan Luo , Feng F. Hong

Alkaline proteases are essential biocatalysts with broad industrial relevance due to their high activity and stability under alkaline and high-temperature conditions. Recent studies have shown that immobilized alkaline proteases can keep more than 80 % of their original activity after 8–10 reuse cycles. When conditions are right, they can be four times more efficient as catalysts than free forms. This shows that immobilization can improve operational performance. Moreover, advancements in carrier design have contributed to reducing immobilization costs by approximately 60 %, highlighting the growing economic feasibility of these systems. This review summarizes the recent progress in immobilization strategies for alkaline proteases over the past five years, with an emphasis on approaches that enhance enzyme stability, reusability, and catalytic efficiency. It compares four key techniques: covalent binding, adsorption, entrapment-encapsulation, and cross-linking, highlighting their benefits and limitations. Furthermore, it discusses recent innovations such as nanostructured hybrid carriers, magnetic metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), and multifunctional composites that minimize enzyme leakage and activity loss. Finally, the review evaluates industrial and biocatalytic applications, providing insights and statistical guidance for selecting cost-effective and eco-friendly immobilization methods. Consequently, this work serves as a valuable resource for researchers and practitioners seeking to optimize alkaline protease immobilization for enhanced performance in diverse applications.

碱性蛋白酶因其在碱性和高温条件下的高活性和稳定性而成为具有广泛工业意义的重要生物催化剂。近年来的研究表明，固定化碱性蛋白酶在重复使用8-10次后仍能保持80%以上的活性。当条件合适时，它们作为催化剂的效率是自由形态的四倍。这表明固定可以提高操作性能。此外，航母设计的进步有助于将固定成本降低约60%，突出了这些系统日益增长的经济可行性。本文综述了近五年来碱性蛋白酶固定化策略的最新进展，重点介绍了提高酶稳定性、可重复使用性和催化效率的方法。它比较了四种关键技术：共价结合、吸附、包封和交联，突出了它们的优点和局限性。此外，它还讨论了最近的创新，如纳米结构杂化载体，磁性金属有机框架（mof）和多功能复合材料，以最大限度地减少酶泄漏和活性损失。最后，综述评估了工业和生物催化的应用，为选择成本效益和生态友好的固定方法提供了见解和统计指导。因此，这项工作为研究人员和从业者寻求优化碱性蛋白酶固定化以提高不同应用中的性能提供了宝贵的资源。

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引用次数: 0