Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology最新文献

{"title":"Production of alpha-and beta-chitin, chitosan and protein hydrolysate from seafood processing wastes using an integration of lactic acid and digestive protease from fish viscera as alternative green extraction","authors":"Kanthida Maraksa,&nbsp;Wasana Suyotha,&nbsp;Benjamas Cheirsilp","doi":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103496","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103496","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Utilization of seafood processing wastes through a green approach has been investigated due to growing environmental concerns. This study employed fish viscera protease in extracting α-chitin from shrimp shell (SS) demineralized using lactic acid and β-chitin from squid pen (SP). After optimization, fish viscera protease (50 U/g-shell) yielded 54% of α-chitin with the highest degrees of deproteinization (93.92%), and acetylation (92.54%), and a high crystallinity (87.96%). A lower deproteinizing efficacy of fish viscera protease was found for SP due to the high protein content in SP, which was 3.48-fold that of SS. The maximal protease (75 U/g-pen) gave 85.86% protein removal from β-chitin. Post-treatment using a minimal concentration of NaOH (0.25 M) was suggested to eliminate protein for up to 97.81%. With the increased protein removal, crystallinity of β-chitin increased from 53.48% to 82.20%. In chitosan production, β-chitin was more reactive to deacetylation than α-chitin. SP-derived chitosan exhibited excellent solubility and higher antimicrobial activity than SS-based chitosan. Protein hydrolysate recovered after extraction of chitin from SP displayed great DPPH antioxidant activity (EC₅₀ = 0.37 mg/mL) while that fraction from SS with MW 3–10 kDa showed the best antioxidant activity (EC₅₀ = 0.90 mg/mL). The results demonstrated an integration of lactic acid and fish viscera protease as promising alternative tool in a green extraction of α- and β-chitin for preserving native polymer and increasing product yield. Our alternative process also offers full utilization of seafood processing wastes to generate high-valued products.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8774,"journal":{"name":"Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology","volume":"64 ","pages":"Article 103496"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143147904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation of biosurfactant-producing bacteria from dioxin-contaminated soil and their biodegradation capacity to dibenzofuran","authors":"Nguyen Khoi Nghia ,&nbsp;Chau Thi Anh Thy ,&nbsp;Nguyen Thi Kieu Oanh ,&nbsp;Le Thi Xa ,&nbsp;Lois Wright Morton ,&nbsp;M. Scott Demyan ,&nbsp;Huu-Tuan Tran ,&nbsp;Dang Huynh Giao ,&nbsp;Duong Minh Vien ,&nbsp;Vu Ngoc Toan ,&nbsp;Hüseyin Barış Tecimen","doi":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103490","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103490","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dioxin, one of the most toxic chemicals, belongs to persistent organic pollutants, which have adverse effects on ecological and human health. Our study aimed at isolating biosurfactant producing bacteria from three different dioxin-contaminated airbase soils in Vietnam. Biosurfactant-producing ability was tested by culturing in blue agar plate (BAP) and CTAB-methylene blue agar (CTAB-MB), and testing drop collapse, oil dispersion, and emulsification tests. Biosurfactant compounds were characterized using Gas Chromatography Coupled Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) for fatty acid composition and functional groups; and anion charge. The results showed that 19 bacteria were qualitatively identified as biosurfactant producing bacteria. The best three isolates, AL1, AL2, and AL3 reacted positively to BAP, CTAB-MB, and Collapse Drop Tests, and presented high emulsification capacity (E₂₄ &gt; 52% after 7 days), hemolytic activity (HA) from 1.93 to 2.23 cm, and high potential to reduce surface tension (RST) from 3.70 to 6.07 cm. Based on colony morphology, biochemistry, and 16S rDNA gene sequence similarity, especially production of pigment with different extents in the liquid medium they were identified as <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> strain AL1, strain AL2 and strain AL3. The biosurfactant products contained palmitic acid, anionic lipopeptide with amino (-NH), hydroxyl (-OH), carbonyl (-C=O), alkyl, and ether (C-O-C) groups. The biosurfactant-producing bacteria achieved between 84.8% and 94.1% biodegradation of Dibenzofuran (DF) after 30 days of experimentation. Dibenzyl and Dibenzyl ether were the key intermediates in the DF degradation. All three indigenous <em>P. aeruginosa</em> (AL1, AL2, AL3) strains showed angular deoxygenation metabolic pathways.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8774,"journal":{"name":"Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology","volume":"64 ","pages":"Article 103490"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143147910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a process for enhanced biogas production from lignocellulosic feedstocks using an efficient thermophilic inoculum and its metagenomic study","authors":"Richa Singh ,&nbsp;Meenu Hans ,&nbsp;Rajesh K. Sani ,&nbsp;Pratibha Dheeran ,&nbsp;Nisha Yadav ,&nbsp;Gaganpreet Kaur ,&nbsp;Sachin Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103519","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103519","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biogas production through anaerobic digestion is the easiest route to utilize organic waste. However, some of the organic wastes are not easy to digest and hence, there is a requirement of harsh pretreatments. Although pretreatment accounts high costing, it is required for efficient digestion of such waste due to its recalcitrant and complex nature. Therefore, there is a need to develop a process where no pretreatment would be required. This paper presents an effort to develop an efficient inoculum to produce enhanced biogas production using untreated feedstocks. A thermophilic inoculum was developed using water hyacinth as a feedstock and soil samples as a source of microbes collected from different deep insides of cattle manure dumping yards from the local area of Muzaffar Nagar, Uttar Pradesh. The process temperature was optimized and found to be 52 °C. The developed inoculum was further tested at 52 °C on different feedstocks including paddy straw, Napier grass, corn stover, corn cob, banana pseudostem, mustard stalk, etc. Surprisingly, most of these feedstocks showed efficient anaerobic digestion and produced enhanced biogas in a short hydraulic retention time. Metagenomic study of inoculum showed the presence of thermophilic bacteria and archaea which are reported in the literature for hydrogenic, acidogenic, acetogenic, methanogenic (acetoclast/hydrogenotrophs) steps of the anaerobic digestion process. Novelty of this study lies in the in-house developed thermophilic inoculum, which has a unique broad range spectrum to degrade different types of agricultural feedstocks in a short period of time without any pretreatment and makes the process economically viable.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8774,"journal":{"name":"Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology","volume":"64 ","pages":"Article 103519"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143421034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of the extraction protocol to uptake the flavonoid content from jamaican cherry (Muntingia calabura L.) leaves extract as a source for an antifungal bioproduct development","authors":"Nghi Thi Mong Pham ,&nbsp;Thanh Tan Nguyen ,&nbsp;Dung Khanh Nguyen ,&nbsp;Ngoc Minh Vo ,&nbsp;Minh Thuy To Nguyen ,&nbsp;Loc Huynh Tan Ngo ,&nbsp;Linh Chi Tran","doi":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103520","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103520","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Muntingia calabura</em> is a plant species that is less susceptible to pests and fungi and has been widely cultivated as an undemanding plant in southern Vietnam, exhibiting a wide range of bioactive activities. These leaves are used as fertilizers and waste materials, profoundly emphasizing the source of bioproducts for crops serving sustainable agro-industry. This study investigates optimal extraction techniques to uptake the flavonoid content derived from <em>Muntingia calabura</em> leaves, focusing on the extraction condition and utilizing the response surface methodology linked with the Box-Behnken design, with the assistance of ultrasound waves. The results indicate that implementing ultrasonic treatments and optimal extraction conditions using 71% ethanol for 5.7 h at 45 °C significantly enhances the overall flavonoid content, reaching 221.57 mg GAE per extract. Effective parameters included a minimum inhibitory concentration of 10,000 μg/mL, these conditions yielded in inhibiting the fungi <em>Botryosphaeria dothidea</em>, <em>Lasiodiplodia theobromae</em>, and <em>Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae</em>, bringing the optimal flavonoid extract approach to meeting the antifungal properties. The bioactive product illustrated a notable capacity to inhibit the growth of three pathogenic fungi on jackfruit pedicle and jackfruit. This research indicated that the rich flavonoids antifungal bio-product from <em>Muntingia calabura</em> leaf extract offers a safe and effective alternative to synthetic chemical fungicides.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8774,"journal":{"name":"Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology","volume":"64 ","pages":"Article 103520"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143421035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of novel method for the precise isolation of vitamin B12 producing microorganisms from natural sources","authors":"Sathya Narayanan Venkatesan ,&nbsp;Mugesh Sankaranarayanan ,&nbsp;B. Bharathiraja","doi":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103512","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103512","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aims to develop a strategy for identifying novel microorganisms for cost-effective production of Vitamin B₁₂ (B₁₂). Samples were collected from areas enriched with algal growth and a series of screening methodologies were undergone to identify the target host. Out of 50 bacterial isolates 27 strains were primarily screened as B₁₂ producers. A PCR based secondary screening of B₁₂ producers were done by confirming the presence of <em>cobM</em>, <em>cobI</em> and <em>cobQ</em>, since these genes were found to be conserved in B₁₂ synthesis pathway of majority aerobic B₁₂ producing genera. Among the isolated strains three were found to be high B₁₂ producers and phylogenetic characterization revealed them as <em>Pseudomonas alcaliphila</em>, <em>Pseudomonas oryzihabitans</em> and <em>Pseudomonas otitidis</em> respectively. The discovery of an extremophilic isolate with a B₁₂ yield of 7.84 μg/g cdw promises the success of developed strategy in identifying a novel, industrially competent host for cost-effective B₁₂ production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8774,"journal":{"name":"Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology","volume":"64 ","pages":"Article 103512"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143204540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibacterial and cytotoxic activities of a newly green synthesized ZnO/Se nanocomposite combined with Washingtonia robusta H. Wendl fruit extract","authors":"Rolla M. Fayed ,&nbsp;Zakaria Awad Mohamed Baka ,&nbsp;Basma Hamdy Farouk ,&nbsp;Mohamed Marzouk El-Zahed","doi":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103500","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103500","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Bacterial infection is one of the most frequent and crucial issues worldwide. It can prolong the use of self-medication and the healing period or it may be associated with treatment failure that leads to additional hospitalization, increased costs of care and mortality. Novelties and discoveries are directed toward supporting human health and maintaining the environment through innovative synthesis techniques that are modernized. The current study provides a simple and cost-effective approach for the green synthesis of a zinc oxide/selenium nanocomposite (ZnO/Se NC) combined with &lt;em&gt;Washingtonia robusta&lt;/em&gt; H. Wendl fruit extract as a new antibacterial agent. The &lt;em&gt;W. robusta&lt;/em&gt; H. Wendl fruit extract was subjected to fractionation using four different solvents (n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and methanol) based on the solvent-solvent extraction method. All fractions were tested for their antibacterial activity against some Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The methanolic fraction, which exhibited the highest antibacterial potential, was analyzed for its bioactive compounds using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC‒MS). It contains 12 different biochemical compounds, including heptasiloxane (54.19%), octasiloxane (10.59%), oleic acid (9.83%), decanoic acid (3.97%), 1,2,3-propanetriol,1-acetate (3.37%), and hexadecanoic acid (3.18%) as the main constituents. The methanolic fraction was used to synthesize the ZnO/Se NC. Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV–Vis), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), zeta analysis, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were applied to characterize the ZnO/Se NC. The antibacterial activity of ZnO/Se NC combined with methanolic &lt;em&gt;W. robusta&lt;/em&gt; H. Wendl fruit fraction was investigated against &lt;em&gt;Escherichia coli&lt;/em&gt; ATCC25922&lt;em&gt;, Pseudomonas aeruginosa&lt;/em&gt; ATCC27853&lt;em&gt;, Staphylococcus aureus&lt;/em&gt; ATCC25923 and &lt;em&gt;Bacillus cereus&lt;/em&gt; ATCC6633 and compared to that of ZnO NPs and ciprofloxacin as a standard drug using the agar well diffusion method, minimum inhibition concentration (MIC), and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). The ZnO/Se NC exhibited a higher antibacterial activity than ciprofloxacin, with average inhibition zones of 43 ± 0, 47 ± 0.03, 39 ± 0.06, and 36 ± 0.18 mm against &lt;em&gt;E. coli&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;P. aeruginosa&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;B. cereus&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;S. aureus&lt;/em&gt;, respectively. The MICs of ZnO/Se NC were 15 and 25 μg/ml against &lt;em&gt;P. aeruginosa&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Bacillus cereus&lt;/em&gt;, while ciprofloxacin had MICs of 30 and 45 μg/ml against the same bacteria. TEM ultrastructural studies showed severe malformations and morphological changes in ZnO/Se NC-treated bacteria compared to those treated with ZnO-, &lt;em&gt;W. robusta&lt;/em&gt; H. Wendl fruit extract and untreated bacteria. Cytotoxicity tests on the Vero cell line indicated that ZnO/Se NC had low toxicity (CC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; = 162.02 ± 3.14 μg/ml). This study presents an effective alt","PeriodicalId":8774,"journal":{"name":"Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology","volume":"64 ","pages":"Article 103500"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143147845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficient rice straw saccharification by enzyme extract from Pseudolagarobasidium acaciicola TDW-48 and recycling its solid residue as a green and novel support for laccase immobilization","authors":"Thi Thu Huong Luong,&nbsp;Supattra Poeaim","doi":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103505","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103505","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to provide a novel and feasible approach for rice straw bioconversion regarding the combination of enzymatic saccharification and recycling of its solid residue for enzyme immobilization. Firstly, rice straw was saccharified by <em>Pseudolagarobasidium acaciicola</em> TDW-48's enzyme extract and then optimized to improve its performance. Next, the enzymatic-degraded rice straw (a solid residue from saccharification) was recycled as an enzyme support for laccase immobilization. The result indicates that the rice straw saccharification by <em>P. acaciicola</em> TDW-48's enzyme extract was a practical process for biofuel and other value-added product production. It reached 13.4 g/L of reducing sugar concentration under optimum conditions: 12 h of incubation time, 43.22 °C of temperature, pH of 4.5 and substrate loading of 0.48 g. In the next regard, enzymatic-degraded rice straw under adsorption-crosslinking mode was a promising novel support for laccase immobilization. This process achieved 1.24 U/gsupport of immobilized laccase activity and 88.3% in immobilization yield. The immobilized laccase could maintain 96.71% activity after 4 cycles and 53% activity after 10 cycles with ABTS substrate, and its stability was enhanced compared with free form. In addition, the immobilized laccase could decolorize 0.14 mg of bromophenol blue after 3 h and retain 53% relative efficiency after 6 cycles under biocatalyst bag form. This study encouraged the recycling of solid residue from rice straw saccharification, improving rice straw bioconversion. Moreover, it provided green, novel and economic support for enzyme immobilization with high applicability and simplicity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8774,"journal":{"name":"Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology","volume":"64 ","pages":"Article 103505"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143147849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced rooting and shoot proliferation in micropropagation of ‘MKR1’ dwarfing persimmon rootstock","authors":"Ziaurrahman Hejazi ,&nbsp;Chitose Honsho ,&nbsp;Takuya Tetsumura","doi":"10.1016/j.bcab.2024.103487","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcab.2024.103487","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Persimmon rootstocks (<em>Diospyros kaki</em> Thunb.) are typically propagated from seedling rootstocks, but this often results in excessive vigor and inconsistent growth, complicating orchard management. This study aimed to improve a micropropagation protocol for ‘MKR1,’ a dwarfing persimmon rootstock, based on the method of Tao and Sugiura (1992). Both zeatin, an expensive cytokinin, and BA, a more affordable option, were evaluated for <em>in vitro</em> shoot tip establishment and proliferation. Microcuttings grown on full-strength MS medium showed higher rooting and survival rates than those on MS (1/2 N), commonly used for persimmons. After 60 subcultures, BA-treated shoots experienced reduced proliferation rates, which were restored with a low concentration of zeatin without affecting rooting. The original protocol, which required 40 days of culturing in agar-solidified medium followed by transplanting to vermiculite-filled pots, proved cumbersome. A direct rooting method, involving immediate potting after quick-dip IBA treatment, was unsuccessful. However, a semi-direct method with a 10-day dark incubation prior to transplanting produced comparable rooting rates to the original method. Further, adding IBA directly to the medium eliminated the need for quick-dip treatments, allowing successful transplanting into peat pellets after 10 days, achieving high rooting success and robust plantlet growth. This streamlined protocol reduces production time and costs, offering an efficient approach for large-scale propagation of ‘MKR1’ plantlets.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8774,"journal":{"name":"Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology","volume":"64 ","pages":"Article 103487"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143148749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growth and functional evaluation of Enterobacter cloacae under salinity stress","authors":"Mahendra Kumar,&nbsp;Vishal Prasad","doi":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103495","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103495","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil salinization is a serious threat world is facing and is a major concern for land degradation and it affects both plant and microbial life. Salinity hampers bacterial growth and lowers soil bacterial activity by inducing osmotic stress and ion toxicity. The salt tolerant bacteria present in soil possessing several plant growth promoting (PGP) attributes like phosphate solubilization and production of growth hormones are crucial for fertility of soil and boosting plant growth. Such salt tolerant bacterial species reduce the osmotic stress by synthesizing compatible osmolytes to maintain their metabolism and cellular integrity. Understanding the effects of salinity on such bacterial species is important as their survival under salt stress gives double benefits one the bacterial diversity is maintained, and secondly the growth and development of plants is also improved under salinity stress. With this aim in the present study <em>Enterobacter cloacae</em> BHUAS1 was tested for its phosphate solubilization potential and its mechanisms under salinity stress along with other PGP traits such as indole-3- acetic acid (IAA), siderophore, hydrogen cyanide (HCN), ammonia production and zinc solubilization under <em>in vitro</em> condition. <em>E. cloacae</em> BHUAS1 exhibited significant PGP traits and was able to generate soluble phosphate (26.49 mg/L to 32.68 mg/L), IAA (23.35–105.78 mg/L), siderophore (43.782–65.414 % SU), organic acids (3.39–110.30 mg/L), ammonia (0.21–0.44 μM/ml) and proline (16–38.96 mg/L) under various treatments. In addition to this, <em>E</em>. <em>cloacae</em> BHUAS1 also exhibited production of HCN and zinc solubilization. The results obtained put forward the possible application of <em>E</em>. <em>cloacae</em> BHUAS1 in saline soils for improving plant growth.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8774,"journal":{"name":"Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology","volume":"64 ","pages":"Article 103495"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143148751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rhamnolipids as an antifungal agent against Rhizoctonia solani USM-PD2 causing sheath blight disease of paddy","authors":"Izah Adlina Mohamad Shukri ,&nbsp;Ahmad Ramli Mohd Yahya ,&nbsp;Masratul Hawa Mohd ,&nbsp;Nur Asshifa Md Noh","doi":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103511","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103511","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research evaluates the antifungal activity of rhamnolipids, a biosurfactant produced by <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> USM-AR2, against <em>Rhizoctonia solani</em> USM-PD2 causing sheath blight disease of paddy. Rhamnolipids are safer and sustainable than chemical fungicides. The antifungal evaluation of rhamnolipids against <em>R. solani</em> USM-PD2 showed inhibition of mycelial growth with malformation on PDA plates. The highest percentage inhibition of diameter growth (PIDG) and percentage inhibition of sclerotia number (PISC) of <em>R. solani</em> USM-PD2 were obtained at rhamnolipids concentration of 10 000 mg L⁻¹ (60.00 ± 2.35%) and 800 mg L⁻¹ (100%), respectively. Scanning electron microscope observations revealed that exposure to rhamnolipids resulted in abnormal mycelial formation with shrunken cellular morphology. In vivo evaluation of rhamnolipids on rice varieties MR212, MR297 and MR315 demonstrated significant reduction in sheath blight symptoms for both pre-infection and post-infection strategies. Pre-infection spray strategy with rhamnolipids on rice varieties MR212, MR297, and MR315 exhibited minimum disease severities of 46.52 ± 8.37% at 3000 mg L⁻¹, 25.00 ± 6.64% at 5000 mg L⁻¹, and 24.30 ± 8.36% at 5000 mg L⁻¹, respectively. Additionally, the minimum post-infection disease severities with rhamnolipids treatment were achieved at 3000 mg L⁻¹, showing 30.56 ± 5.94% for MR212, 38.19 ± 9.12% for MR297, and 15.28 ± 4.92% for MR315. Among the three varieties, MR315 was the most affected for protection by rhamnolipids. This study documents the novel discovery of rhamnolipids effectively reducing the number of sclerotia of <em>R. solani</em> USM-PD2 and sheath blight symptoms in paddy, offering a potential strategy for environmental-friendly disease control.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8774,"journal":{"name":"Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology","volume":"64 ","pages":"Article 103511"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143387150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}