Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology最新文献_第3页

Phytopurifying activity of Salvia officinalis L. from Tunisia 突尼斯丹参的植物净化活性

IF 3.4 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2024.103404

The sage (Salvia officinalis L.) is an annual and biennial plant of Mediterranean origin from the Lamiaceae family. It's a valuable medicinal plant, which is widely used in traditional medicine in world and in Tunisia; this species is very rich in active biological compounds.

The objective of this study was to determine the phyto-purifying activity of sage essential, fixed oil and ethanolic extracts in an extensive wastewater purification system of Tunisian national sanitation office. We have measured the physico-chemical parameters of wastewater treated with sage oils and extracts. Then, we have carried out a bacteriological analysis of this wastewater.

Our results showed that pH values measured following treatment with sage essential oil gave a pH close to neutral. Therefore, this water can be used for irrigation. In addition, the sage leaves and stems have a considerable effect on the salinity and caused a very remarkable increase in electrical conductivity of the wastewater, the measure of elimination rate demonstrated the effectiveness of sage extracts in eliminating all the microorganisms existing in wastewater.

In fact, sage essential oil has the greatest effectiveness in reducing the chemical oxygen demand of the wastewater and we have noticed that a decrease in chemical oxygen demand of microorganisms existing in the wastewater was necessarily accompanied by a decrease in biological oxygen demand. Therefore, sage leaves and stems were more effective in reducing suspended matter existing in wastewater.

鼠尾草（Salvia officinalis L.）是唇形科鼠尾草属的一年生和二年生地中海植物。本研究的目的是确定鼠尾草精油、固定油和乙醇提取物在突尼斯国家卫生局的广泛废水净化系统中的植物净化活性。我们测量了用鼠尾草油和提取物处理过的废水的物理化学参数。结果表明，用鼠尾草精油处理后测量的 pH 值接近中性。因此，这种水可以用于灌溉。此外，鼠尾草茎叶对盐度也有相当大的影响，使废水的电导率显著提高，消除率的测量结果表明鼠尾草提取物能有效消除废水中存在的所有微生物。因此，鼠尾草叶和茎对减少废水中的悬浮物更有效。

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引用次数: 0

An innovative formulation to improve spent coffee characteristics as soil fertilizer: Nutrient, chemical characterization and effects on plant germination 改善咖啡渣作为土壤肥料特性的创新配方：养分、化学特性及对植物发芽的影响

IF 3.4 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2024.103394

Spent coffee grounds (SCG) possess high organic content and various essential nutrients. However, their direct use as a fertilizer is limited due to high acidity, phenolic content, and C/N ratio. Therefore, in this study, SCG-based fertilizer (SCG_f) was developed by mixing the raw SCG (SCG_r) and zein through a granulation process and was compared with the SCG_r. According to the obtained results, in SCG_f, a reduction in the C/N ratio from 22.9 to 10.9, improved flowability from fair to good, an increase in the concentration of elements (N, C, S), nutrients (ash, fats, proteins), macrominerals (Ca, Mg, P, K, Na), microminerals (Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn), total polyphenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and antioxidant activities (AOA) was noted. Additionally, a decrease in total organic acids, total chlorogenic acids, and was also observed in SCG_f. Regarding phytotoxicity test results obtained by using Sinapis alba, Sorghum saccharatum, and Lepidium sativum and treating them with 2.5%, 5%, and 10% of SCG_f and SCG_r, better germination was observed for SCG_f in S. alba (5%, 10%), L. sativum (2.5%, 5%). However, in L. sativum, 5% of SCG_r and 10% of both SCG_r and SCG_f completely inhibited seed germination. For S. saccharatum, higher germination rates were observed for SCG_f (2.5%, 10%), and at 5%, a comparable effect of both SCG_f and SCG_r was noted. SCG_f gave the longest root length at all concentrations in all plants except for 2.5% in S. alba. In conclusion, this study addresses the effective use of SCG for sustainable agriculture while mitigating environmental impacts.

废弃咖啡渣（SCG）具有很高的有机含量和各种必需的营养成分。然而，由于其酸度、酚含量和碳氮比较高，直接用作肥料受到限制。因此，在本研究中，通过造粒工艺将未加工的咖啡渣（SCGr）与玉米蛋白混合，开发出了基于咖啡渣的肥料（SCGf），并与 SCGr 进行了比较。结果表明，SCGf 的碳氮比从 22.9 降至 10.9，流动性从一般提高到良好，元素（氮、碳、硒）、养分（灰分、脂肪、蛋白质）、大矿物质（钙、镁、磷、钾、鈉）、小矿物质（铜、铁、锰、锌）、总多酚含量（TPC）、总黄酮含量（TFC）和抗氧化活性（AOA）的浓度均有所提高。此外，在 SCGf 中还观察到总有机酸、总绿原酸和抗氧化活性降低。使用白花蛇舌草、糖高粱和莴苣并用 2.5%、5% 和 10%的 SCGf 和 SCGr 处理后，植物毒性试验结果表明，SCGf 在白花蛇舌草（5%、10%）和莴苣（2.5%、5%）中的发芽率更高。然而，在 L. sativum 中，5% 的 SCGr 和 10%的 SCGr 及 SCGf 都会完全抑制种子萌发。对于 S. saccharatum，SCGf（2.5%、10%）的发芽率较高，在 5%的发芽率下，SCGf 和 SCGr 的效果相当。在所有浓度下，SCGf 的根长都是最长的，只有 2.5% 的 S. alba 除外。总之，这项研究探讨了如何在可持续农业中有效使用 SCG，同时减轻对环境的影响。

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引用次数: 0

Isolation and characterization of a collagenase-producing bacterium from the soil contaminated with slaughterhouse waste 从受屠宰场废物污染的土壤中分离并鉴定一种产生胶原酶的细菌

IF 3.4 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2024.103407

Microbial enzymes have been considered extensively due to their low cost as well as suitable production and stability. Collagenases are proteolytic biocatalysts that have various applications in medicine, industry, and research. In this study, gelatinolytic bacteria were isolated from the soil contaminated with slaughterhouse waste. The isolate with the highest gelatin degradation activity was chosen and characterized with 16 S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequence via polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. The selected isolate was tested for biochemical characteristics. Thereafter, the collagenase production in an industrial medium containing bone powder was investigated for 30 h with the selected bacterium. The enzyme molecular weight was determined using sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) method, with the enzyme effect on the bone powder morphologically studied via scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. The quantitative ninhydrin method and the qualitative zymography method were applied to measure the enzyme activity. The results indicated that enzyme production by the selected isolate reached its highest level after 25 h of cultivation. The enzyme with about 60 kDa molecular weight could efficiently degrade the collagen of bone powder.

微生物酶因其低成本、适宜生产和稳定性而被广泛考虑。胶原酶是一种蛋白水解生物催化剂，在医学、工业和研究领域有多种应用。本研究从受屠宰场废物污染的土壤中分离出了明胶溶解细菌。研究人员选择了明胶降解活性最高的分离菌，并通过聚合酶链式反应（PCR）方法对其 16 S 核糖体 DNA（rDNA）序列进行了鉴定。对选出的分离物进行了生化特性测试。随后，研究了所选细菌在含有骨粉的工业培养基中 30 小时的胶原酶产量。利用十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（SDS-PAGE）法测定了酶的分子量，并通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）分析研究了酶对骨粉形态的影响。采用茚三酮定量法和酶谱定性法测定酶的活性。结果表明，所选分离菌株在培养 25 小时后产酶量达到最高水平。分子量约为 60 kDa 的酶能有效降解骨粉中的胶原蛋白。

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引用次数: 0

Dietary 7,10-dihydroxy-8(E)-octadecenoic acid reduces fat accumulation and prevents hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia in diabetic/obese KK-Ay mice 膳食中的 7,10-二羟基-8(E)-十八碳烯酸可减少糖尿病/肥胖 KK-Ay 小鼠的脂肪积累，并预防高血糖和高脂血症

IF 3.4 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2024.103390

7,10-Dihydroxy-8(E)-octadecenoic acid (DOD) is a dihydroxy fatty acid produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa PR3 from oleic acid. Present study investigated preventive effects of dietary DOD on obesity, hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia in diabetic/obese KK-A^y mice. After one week of acclimation, mice (5-week-old) were divided three groups fed with AIN-93G-based high fat diet (20% fat, w/w) as follows; Control group: 3% soybean oil + 17% lard, DOD 1% group: 3% soybean oil + 16% lard +1% DOD, DOD 2% group: 3% soybean oil + 15% lard + 2% DOD. Four weeks feeding with 1% and 2% DOD diets suppressed body weight gain and visceral fat accumulation, and improved blood glucose and serum lipids levels as well as hepatic lipid accumulation compared to control group. RT-PCR analysis revealed no changes were observed in mRNA of adiponectin (Adipoq) and proinflammatory TNF-α (Tnfa) and MCP-1 (Ccl2), but a decreasing trend in leptin mRNA expression in mesenteric white adipose tissue (WAT), suggesting that suppressed fat accumulation by DOD contribute to prevention of over production of leptin. We also observed a reduction of mRNA expression of hepatic insulin-target gluconeogenic enzymes such as PEPCK and G6Pase and the transcription factor sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1. These results showed that dietary DOD is effective to improve glucose and lipid metabolism in KK-A^y mice. The present study provides new insights showing potential use of dihydroxy fatty acids as functional lipids.

7,10-二羟基-8(E)-十八烯酸（DOD）是铜绿假单胞菌 PR3 从油酸中产生的一种二羟基脂肪酸。本研究调查了膳食 DOD 对糖尿病/肥胖 KK-Ay 小鼠肥胖、高脂血症和高血糖的预防作用。小鼠（5 周大）适应一周后，分为以下三组，分别喂食以 AIN-93G 为基础的高脂肪饮食（脂肪含量为 20%，重量百分比）；对照组：3% 豆油 + 17% 猪油组，DOD 1% 组：3% 豆油 + 16% 猪油 +1% DOD，DOD 2% 组：3% 大豆油 + 15% 猪油 + 2% DOD。与对照组相比，饲喂1%和2% DOD日粮四周可抑制体重增加和内脏脂肪积累，改善血糖和血清脂质水平以及肝脏脂质积累。RT-PCR分析显示，脂肪连素（Adipoq）、促炎TNF-α（Tnfa）和MCP-1（Ccl2）的mRNA没有发生变化，但肠系膜白色脂肪组织（WAT）中瘦素mRNA的表达呈下降趋势，这表明DOD抑制脂肪积累有助于防止瘦素的过度产生。我们还观察到肝脏胰岛素靶糖原酶（如 PEPCK 和 G6Pase）和转录因子固醇调节元件结合蛋白-1 的 mRNA 表达减少。这些结果表明，膳食 DOD 能有效改善 KK-Ay 小鼠的葡萄糖和脂质代谢。本研究为二羟基脂肪酸作为功能性脂质的潜在用途提供了新的见解。

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引用次数: 0

From millets to medicine: ADMET insights into diabetes management with P. sumatrense compounds 从黍到药：苏马特伦草化合物的 ADMET 对糖尿病管理的启示

IF 3.4 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2024.103396

Diabetes mellitus, a prevalent metabolic disorder characterised by impaired blood glucose regulation, has escalated into a global health crisis, exacerbated by high-glycaemic diets and unhealthy eating habits. While therapeutic agents such as acarbose mitigate diabetes by inhibiting alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase, their use is marred by adverse side effects, underscoring the need for safer, plant-based alternatives. This study explores the antidiabetic potential of Little Millet, an underutilised cereal grain with a low glycaemic index, rich in bioactive compounds. Unlike common staples such as wheat and rice, Little Millet contains unique compounds, including octodrine, 18,19-secoyohimban-19-oic acid, and phenylephrine, which were investigated for their novel application in diabetes management. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS) analysis identified 120 bioactive compounds, selected for their abundance and potential bioactivity. These compounds span fatty acids, phenols, flavonoids, organic acids, sugar alcohols, and amino acids, all of which were rigorously docked to alpha-amylase and human maltase-glucoamylase receptors. Notably, key ligands such as chlorogenic acid and 18,19-secoyohimban-19-oic acid exhibited superior binding affinities compared to acarbose, with promising drug-likeness and ADMET profiles, suggesting higher absorption and fewer side effects. A 100-ns dynamics simulation further validated the stability of these compounds, positioning them as viable candidates for diabetes treatment. These findings advance drug design and highlight the potential of incorporating Little Millet into diets for diabetes prevention. Further validation through In-vitro, In-vivo, and clinical studies is essential to fully realise their therapeutic potential. This research also opens avenues for exploring Little Millet in managing related conditions and enhancing its health benefits through breeding programmes.

糖尿病是一种以血糖调节功能受损为特征的流行性代谢紊乱疾病，由于高血糖饮食和不健康的饮食习惯而加剧，已升级为全球健康危机。虽然阿卡波糖等治疗药物通过抑制α-淀粉酶和α-葡萄糖苷酶来缓解糖尿病，但它们的使用受到不良副作用的影响，这突出表明需要更安全的植物替代品。这项研究探索了小米的抗糖尿病潜力，小米是一种未被充分利用的谷物，血糖指数低，富含生物活性化合物。与小麦和大米等常见主食不同，小米含有独特的化合物，包括辛辣素、18,19-仲酰基-19-辛-酸和苯肾上腺素，本研究对这些化合物在糖尿病治疗中的新应用进行了研究。气相色谱-质谱（GCMS）分析确定了 120 种生物活性化合物，这些化合物是根据其丰度和潜在生物活性筛选出来的。这些化合物包括脂肪酸、酚类、黄酮类、有机酸、糖醇和氨基酸，所有这些化合物都与α-淀粉酶和人类麦芽糖酶-葡萄糖淀粉酶受体进行了严格的对接。值得注意的是，与阿卡波糖相比，绿原酸和 18,19-仲酰基辛烷-19-酸等关键配体表现出更优越的结合亲和力，同时具有良好的药物相似性和 ADMET 特征，表明吸收率更高，副作用更少。100-ns 动力学模拟进一步验证了这些化合物的稳定性，使它们成为治疗糖尿病的可行候选药物。这些发现推动了药物设计的发展，并凸显了将小米纳入饮食以预防糖尿病的潜力。通过体外、体内和临床研究进行进一步验证对于充分发挥其治疗潜力至关重要。这项研究还为通过育种计划探索小米在管理相关疾病和提高其健康益处方面开辟了道路。

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引用次数: 0

Chemical composition of γ-irradiated German chamomile (Matricaria recutita L.) flower essential oils, acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity and effects on growth inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans γ-辐照德国洋甘菊（Matricaria recutita L.）花精油的化学成分、乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制活性以及对金黄色葡萄球菌和白色念珠菌生长的抑制作用

IF 3.4 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2024.103391

Radiation-induced mutations have been the most commonly used technique for the development of mutant varieties. The primary aim has been to upgrade the existing plant varieties by varying a few major traits responsible for limiting metabolite productivity. The increasing regulations on protected plant varieties and germplasms have restricted their use. The induced mutants have played a vital role in strengthening the plant breeding program. The medicinal and aromatic plants have been poorly explored for mutation breeding. CSIR-CIMAP has initiated a mutation breeding program on some of the high-value plants, like Matricaria. As a result, we could develop gamma-rays-induced stable accessions. Genus Matricaria is well known for the biosynthesis of diverse bioactive plant secondary metabolites as well as for its traditional and healthcare benefits documented in Ph. Eur. In the present work, gamma-irradiated stable accessions of German chamomile, Matricaria recutita L., have been investigated for their essential oil composition and biological assessment. After a thorough investigation for a two-year cropping period, we have observed that some accessions contain the highest α-bisabolol oxide B proportions (24.3–55.3%), while quite a few showed chamazulene (2.9–5.8%), α-bisabolone oxide A (6.5–38%), and α-bisabolol oxide A (30.1–55.3%). A few accessions were marked by the presence of lavandulol, an irregular monoterpenoid of high fragrance value. The antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory properties of these gamma-irradiated accessions were also evaluated. The accessions G6-R5-5 and G2-R1-6 exhibited maximum inhibition against S. aureus whereas G2-R1-1 arrested the growth of C. albicans. Furthermore, G2R1-3 composition is responsible for reducing AChE and inflammation in cell lines. These results may open up ways to develop plant-derived consumer products from Matricaria recutita L.

辐射诱导突变是培育突变品种最常用的技术。其主要目的是通过改变限制代谢物生产率的几个主要性状来提升现有的植物品种。由于对受保护植物品种和种质的规定越来越多，限制了它们的使用。诱导突变体在加强植物育种计划方面发挥了重要作用。药用植物和芳香植物在突变育种方面的探索还很少。CSIR-CIMAP 启动了一些高价值植物（如母菊）的突变育种计划。因此，我们可以培育出伽马射线诱导的稳定品种。母菊属植物因能生物合成多种具有生物活性的植物次生代谢产物而闻名于世，其传统和保健功效在《欧洲药典》（Ph. Eur）中也有记载。本研究对德国洋甘菊（Matricaria recutita L.）经伽马射线辐照后的稳定品种进行了精油成分和生物评估研究。经过为期两年的深入研究，我们发现有些品种的α-双羟基氧化物 B 的比例最高（24.3%-55.3%），而相当多的品种则显示出chamazulene（2.9%-5.8%）、α-双羟基氧化物 A（6.5%-38%）和α-双羟基氧化物 A（30.1%-55.3%）。少数品种还含有薰衣草醇，这是一种不规则的单萜类化合物，具有很高的香味价值。此外，还对这些经过伽马射线照射的品种的抗菌、消炎和乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）抑制特性进行了评估。G6-R5-5 和 G2-R1-6 对金黄色葡萄球菌有最大的抑制作用，而 G2-R1-1 则能抑制白僵菌的生长。此外，G2R1-3 的成分还能减少 AChE 和细胞系中的炎症。这些结果可能会为开发洋甘菊植物衍生消费品开辟道路。

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引用次数: 0

Capparis spinosa: A rich source of phenolic compounds - A comprehensive review of its phytochemistry, health benefits, and biotechnological applications Capparis spinosa：酚类化合物的丰富来源 - 植物化学、健康益处和生物技术应用综述

IF 3.4 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2024.103409

Caper (Capparis spinosa) is a plant of significant socio-economic importance in the Mediterranean region which is traditionally used to fight various metabolic diseases. It has indeed long been recognized for its medicinal properties, notably attributed to its rich nutritional content and potent antioxidant activity due to phenolic compounds and other secondary metabolites. However, the commercial production of relevant secondary metabolites requires innovative approaches improving the biosynthesis of these metabolites to fulfill the industrial demand and mitigate the overexploitation of natural resources. For this end, different techniques such as cell suspension culture, hairy roots culture, biotic and abiotic elicitors supply as well as genetic engineering could be used to enhance the production of caper-derived secondary metabolites. In addition, omics tools including genomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics and proteomics can help to elucidate the biosynthetic pathway and altering the production of targeted metabolites. While this review first highlights the phytochemistry, ethno-pharmacological uses, and biological activities of caper, it also discusses the significance of in vitro culture systems, omics tools and metabolic engineering approaches to improve the production of caper-derived bioactive compounds.

锥栗（Capparis spinosa）是地中海地区一种具有重要社会经济意义的植物，传统上用于防治各种代谢性疾病。事实上，它的药用价值早已得到认可，这主要归功于其丰富的营养成分以及酚类化合物和其他次生代谢物所产生的强大抗氧化活性。然而，相关次生代谢物的商业化生产需要创新的方法来改善这些代谢物的生物合成，以满足工业需求并缓解自然资源的过度开发。为此，可采用细胞悬浮培养、毛细根培养、生物和非生物诱导剂供应以及基因工程等不同技术来提高辣椒次生代谢物的产量。此外，包括基因组学、转录组学、代谢组学和蛋白质组学在内的全量学工具也有助于阐明生物合成途径和改变目标代谢物的生产。这篇综述首先强调了毛果的植物化学、民族药理学用途和生物活性，同时还讨论了体外培养系统、全局组学工具和代谢工程方法对提高毛果衍生生物活性化合物产量的重要意义。

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引用次数: 0

Plant growth-promoting Bacillus cereus MCC3402 facilitates rice seedling growth under arsenic-spiked soil 植物生长促进芽孢杆菌 MCC3402 在含砷土壤中促进水稻幼苗生长

IF 3.4 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2024.103405

Microorganisms can solve the global problem of arsenic (As) contamination in soil and water, by eliminating the hazardous metalloid from contaminated habitats. A native As-resistant PMM6 strain was isolated from the tainted agricultural field in Durgapur, India. Following phenotypic investigations, fatty acid methyl ester analysis, and 16S rDNA sequence-based homology, it was identified as Bacillus cereus. Various analytical techniques such as atomic absorption spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy studies revealed a positive correlation between the strain's resistance properties against arsenate (75 mM) and arsenite (25 mM) and the biosorption and bioaccumulation of arsenic. The strain exhibited several important plant growth-promoting traits, including indole-3-acetic acid production (110.0±0.33μg/mL), 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase activity (2334.2±1.90 nm α-ketobutyrate/mg protein/h), phosphate solubilization, and siderophore production (68.0±2%). These traits facilitated the growth augmentation of rice seedlings under As stress, both in terms of physiological and biochemical parameters. Compared to uninoculated soil, the use of strain PMM6 helped to reduce As mobilization and oxidative stress in rice seedlings growing in As-spiked soil. Therefore, strain PMM6 holds the potential as bioremediator to restore As-contaminated agricultural lands while also promoting the growth of rice seedlings. It could thus be utilized in the bioremediation of As-contaminated agricultural lands in the near future.

微生物可以解决土壤和水中砷（As）污染这一全球性问题，消除受污染栖息地中的有害类金属。从印度杜尔加布尔受污染的农田中分离出了一株本地抗砷 PMM6 菌株。经过表型调查、脂肪酸甲酯分析和基于 16S rDNA 序列的同源性分析，确定该菌株为蜡样芽孢杆菌。原子吸收光谱、傅立叶变换红外光谱、X 射线衍射、X 射线荧光、扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜和能量色散 X 射线光谱等各种分析技术的研究表明，该菌株对砷酸盐（75 mM）和亚砷酸盐（25 mM）的抗性与砷的生物吸收和生物累积之间存在正相关。该菌株表现出多种重要的植物生长促进性状，包括吲哚-3-乙酸产量（110.0±0.33μg/mL）、1-氨基环丙烷-1-羧酸脱氨酶活性（2334.2±1.90 nm α-酮丁酸/mg蛋白/h）、磷酸盐溶解性和苷元产量（68.0±2%）。这些性状促进了水稻秧苗在 As 胁迫下的生长，包括生理和生化参数。与未接种的土壤相比，使用菌株 PMM6 有助于减少在添加砷的土壤中生长的水稻秧苗的砷迁移和氧化应激。因此，菌株 PMM6 具有生物修复的潜力，既能修复被砷污染的农田，又能促进水稻秧苗的生长。因此，在不久的将来，它可用于砷污染农田的生物修复。

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引用次数: 0

Phytochemical profiling of Ananas comosus fruit via UPLC-MS and its anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic activities: In Silico, In Vitro and In Vivo Approach 通过超高效液相色谱-质谱（UPLC-MS）分析芒果果实的植物化学成分及其抗炎和抗关节炎活性：硅学、体外和体内方法

IF 3.4 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2024.103393

Ananas comosus [L.] is one of the most appreciated sources of metabolites for nutraceuticals and therapeutics. Traditional use of A. comosus fruit as anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic agents warrants scientific validation. A. comosus fruit is well-known for its polyphenolic content and antioxidant activity that pose it good candidate in alleviating arthritis. This study aims to investigate the potential of A. comosus fruit as anti-arthritic and anti-inflammatory agent using different approaches in an attempt to reveal the underlying mechanism of action in accordance to its phytoconstituents. Results revealed that total ethanol extract of A. comosus (TEA) has potent in vitro antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic activities. Also, TEA (500 and 1000 mg/kg) manifested promising in vivo anti-arthritic activity by alleviating paw edema to only 20.2 and 16.4% increase, respectively. High dose of TEA showed significant reduction in inflammatory biomarkers reverting IL- 6 to near normal value (46.93 pg/mL). TEA reversed the induced histopathological damage caused by the adjuvant and inhibit inducible nitric oxide synthase expression. UPLC/QTOF-MS-MS was carried out for metabolite profiling with a total of 53 metabolites identified including hydroxycinnamic acids (HCA), their depsides, glycerides and glycosides derivatives together with hydroxybenzoic acid glycosides, and amino acids. In silico studies displayed inhibitory potential against TNF-α for most of studied HCA derivatives especially dicinnamoyl glycerides and methoxylated HCA. This study is considered the first pharmacological validation of pineapple fruit traditional use. These observed results are attributed to TEA metabolite profile that exhibited favorable pharmacokinetics and drug likeness properties, suggesting their potential as lead drugs.

肉豆蔻[L.]是营养保健品和疗法中最受赞赏的代谢物来源之一。传统上将芒果用作消炎药和抗关节炎药需要科学验证。红豆杉果实以其多酚含量和抗氧化活性而闻名，是缓解关节炎的理想选择。本研究旨在采用不同的方法研究黑毛莨果实作为抗关节炎和消炎剂的潜力，试图揭示其植物成分的潜在作用机制。结果表明，A. comosus 的乙醇总提取物（TEA）具有很强的体外抗氧化、抗炎和抗关节炎活性。此外，三乙醇胺（500 毫克和 1000 毫克/千克）还具有良好的体内抗关节炎活性，能减轻爪部水肿，使水肿程度分别仅增加 20.2% 和 16.4%。高剂量三乙醇胺显示炎症生物标志物明显减少，IL- 6 恢复到接近正常值（46.93 pg/mL）。三乙醇胺逆转了佐剂引起的组织病理学损伤，并抑制了诱导型一氧化氮合酶的表达。UPLC/QTOF-MS-MS 对代谢物进行了分析，共鉴定出 53 种代谢物，包括羟基肉桂酸 (HCA)、其苷、甘油酯和苷衍生物、羟基苯甲酸苷和氨基酸。硅学研究显示，所研究的大多数羟基肉桂酸衍生物都具有抑制 TNF-α 的潜力，尤其是二肉桂酰甘油酯和甲氧基化羟基肉桂酸。这项研究被认为是对菠萝果实传统用途的首次药理验证。这些观察到的结果归功于三乙醇胺代谢物，它们表现出良好的药代动力学和药物相似性，表明它们具有作为先导药物的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Micropropagation, micromorphological evaluation and genetic homogeneity validation of Cucumis collosus (Rottl.) Cogn.: A wild progenitor of melon Cucumis collosus (Rottl.) Cogn.的微繁殖、微形态学评价和遗传同质性验证..：甜瓜的野生祖先

IF 3.4 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2024.103378

Cucumis collosus (Rottl.) Cogn., a wild ancestor of melon cultivars, is an underutilized cucurbit of arid horticulture having nutraceutical and therapeutic significance. C. collosus has great potential for enhancing the genetic base of cultivated melon and other cucurbits. This investigation is the first report on a robust and reliable micropropagation system for C. collosus (var. AHK-119) using nodal explants, followed by micromorphological and genetic stability assessment. More than 95% explants showed axillary shoot-bud induction on MS (Murashige and Skoog, 1962) medium containing 0.5 mg L⁻¹ BAP and developed a maximum of 3.2 ± 0.6 shoots measuring 3.2 ± 0.1 cm length. After evaluating the various parameters, the best shoot multiplication (Shoot Number 34.9 ± 1.7, Shoot Length 6.7 ± 0.9 cm) was achieved on MS medium having half-strength of nitrates (825 mg L⁻¹ NH₄NO₃ and 950 mg L⁻¹ KNO₃) + 0.25 mg L⁻¹ 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) + 0.1 mg L⁻¹ Kinetin (Kin) + 0.1 mg L⁻¹ Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) + additives (50 mg L⁻¹ ascorbic acid and 25 mg L⁻¹ each of adenine sulfate, L-arginine and citric acid), after 4 weeks. Micro-shoots were rooted using three approaches: In Vitro Continuous Treatment (IVCT), In Vitro Pulse-Treatment (IVPT) and Ex Vitro Pulse Treatment (EVPT). Of these, EVPT approach proved to be most successful in terms of rooting response (80%), root number (6.4 ± 0.9) and root length (5.7 ± 0.7 cm). The foliar micro-morphology analysis of in vitro leaves (IVL), ex vitro leaves (EVL) and mother plant leaves (MPL) demonstrated notable adaptive alterations during the transitional stages and produced structurally stable plants similar to the mother plant. Furthermore, the validation of genetic homogeneity using Start Codon Targeted (SCoT) and Inter Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSR) markers revealed monomorphic banding patterns among the micropropagated and the mother plant. The discussed method can be applied for large-scale commercial production of C. collosus for arid horticulture, urban/vertical farming, breeding purposes and improvement of other cucurbits.

Cucumis collosus (Rottl.) Cogn.是甜瓜栽培品种的野生祖先，是一种未得到充分利用的干旱园艺葫芦科植物，具有营养保健和治疗意义。C. collosus 在提高栽培甜瓜和其他葫芦科植物的遗传基础方面具有巨大潜力。本研究首次报道了利用节间外植体对 C. collosus（变种 AHK-119）进行稳健可靠的微繁殖系统，随后进行了微形态和遗传稳定性评估。在含有 0.5 mg L-1 BAP 的 MS（Murashige 和 Skoog，1962 年）培养基上，95% 以上的外植体表现出腋芽芽诱导，最多发育出 3.2 ± 0.6 个芽，长度为 3.2 ± 0.1 厘米。在对各种参数进行评估后，在含有半强度硝酸盐（825 毫克/升-1 NH4NO3 和 950 毫克/升-1 KNO3）+ 0.25 mg L-1 6-苄基氨基嘌呤（BAP）+ 0.1 mg L-1 苦参碱（Kin）+ 0.1 mg L-1 吲哚-3-乙酸（IAA）+添加剂（50 mg L-1 抗坏血酸和 25 mg L-1 硫酸腺嘌呤、L-精氨酸和柠檬酸），4 周后。微芽生根有三种方法：体外连续处理法（IVCT）、体外脉冲处理法（IVPT）和体外脉冲处理法（EVPT）。其中，EVPT 方法在生根反应（80%）、根数（6.4 ± 0.9）和根长（5.7 ± 0.7 厘米）方面最为成功。对离体叶片（IVL）、离体叶片（EVL）和母株叶片（MPL）进行的叶片微形态分析表明，在过渡阶段出现了显著的适应性变化，并产生了结构稳定、与母株相似的植株。此外，利用起始密码子定向标记（SCoT）和简单序列间重复标记（ISSR）验证遗传同质性，发现微繁殖植株和母株之间存在单形带模式。所讨论的方法可用于干旱园艺、城市/垂直农业、育种目的和其他葫芦科植物改良的大规模商业化生产。

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引用次数: 0