F. Pramatana, Yusratul Aini, Nixon Rammang, Y. Mau, I. A. Arsa, Arief Mahmud
Abstract. Pramatana F, Aini Y, Rammang N, Mau YS, Arsa IGBA, Mahmud A. 2023. Predicting of Komodo dragon's potential prey habitat suitability using MaxEnt in Riung Nature Reserve, Flores East Nusa Tenggara. Biodiversitas 24: 3128-3139. The Komodo dragon (Varanus komodoensis Ouwens, 1912) is a big lizard species from the Varanidae family that belongs to the Endangered category (EN) listed on the IUCN red list and Appendix I CITES. This study aimed to reveal the distribution of potential preys Komodo dragons in Rinca Island, Komodo National Park, Manggarai District, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia, using Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt), which was collected using rapid assessment methods. The presences of the Komodo dragon's potential prey come from direct and indirect observation or previous studies. We collected 510 points of Komodo dragon prey presence in Riung, Ngada District, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia from six species, including cattle, but only used 127 points for analysis based on the correlation. Long-tailed macaque, wild boar, civet, Timor deer, feral horses, and cows were the potential prey for komodo in Riung. Most of the points come from cattle, such as cows. On the other hand, we used environmental habitat to represent prey habitats such as elevation, slope, land surface temperature, moisture index, vegetation index, and distance from specific objects such as distance from agriculture, rivers, road, savanna, and settlement. Komodo dragon's potential prey in Riung was distributed in savanna, mangrove, and lowland forest. The result showed three suitable habitats for the Komodo dragon's potential prey dominated by low and moderate-suitability areas.
{"title":"Predicting of Komodo dragon's potential prey habitat suitability using MaxEnt in Riung Nature Reserve, Flores, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia","authors":"F. Pramatana, Yusratul Aini, Nixon Rammang, Y. Mau, I. A. Arsa, Arief Mahmud","doi":"10.13057/biodiv/d240605","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d240605","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Pramatana F, Aini Y, Rammang N, Mau YS, Arsa IGBA, Mahmud A. 2023. Predicting of Komodo dragon's potential prey habitat suitability using MaxEnt in Riung Nature Reserve, Flores East Nusa Tenggara. Biodiversitas 24: 3128-3139. The Komodo dragon (Varanus komodoensis Ouwens, 1912) is a big lizard species from the Varanidae family that belongs to the Endangered category (EN) listed on the IUCN red list and Appendix I CITES. This study aimed to reveal the distribution of potential preys Komodo dragons in Rinca Island, Komodo National Park, Manggarai District, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia, using Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt), which was collected using rapid assessment methods. The presences of the Komodo dragon's potential prey come from direct and indirect observation or previous studies. We collected 510 points of Komodo dragon prey presence in Riung, Ngada District, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia from six species, including cattle, but only used 127 points for analysis based on the correlation. Long-tailed macaque, wild boar, civet, Timor deer, feral horses, and cows were the potential prey for komodo in Riung. Most of the points come from cattle, such as cows. On the other hand, we used environmental habitat to represent prey habitats such as elevation, slope, land surface temperature, moisture index, vegetation index, and distance from specific objects such as distance from agriculture, rivers, road, savanna, and settlement. Komodo dragon's potential prey in Riung was distributed in savanna, mangrove, and lowland forest. The result showed three suitable habitats for the Komodo dragon's potential prey dominated by low and moderate-suitability areas.","PeriodicalId":8801,"journal":{"name":"Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83034447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Adi Bejo Suwardi, S. Syamsuardi, Erizal Mukhtar, Nurainas Nurainas
Abstract. Suwardi AB, Syamsuardi, Mukhtar E, Nurainas. 2023. The diversity and regional conservation status of wild edible fruit species in Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 3245-3257. Sumatra Island is recognized as the distribution center of tropical fruit species in Indonesia. However, increased human activity threatens the existence of edible wild fruit plants in nature. The study aims to assess the diversity and regional conservation status of wild edible fruit plant species in Sumatra, Indonesia. The study was conducted in four provinces: West Sumatra, Riau, Jambi, and Bengkulu. For the sampling, a modified line transect method was used. A total of 331 wild edible fruit plant species at four studied sites in Sumatra consisted of 73 families. The highest number of fruit plant species was recorded in West Sumatra Province, i.e., 176 species, followed by Jambi (172 species), Riau (121 species), and Bengkulu (76 species). The diversity of wild edible fruit plant species was higher in West Sumatra Province (3.85) but lower in Riau Province (3.25). Artocarpus integer (Thunb.) Merr., Baccaurea lanceolata (Miq.) Müll.Arg., Baccaurea macrocarpa (Miq.) Müll.Arg., Baccaurea polyneura Hook.f., Garcinia atroviridis Griff. ex T.Anderson, Garcinia xanthochymus Hook.fil. ex J.Anderson, Mangifera foetida Lour., Mangifera laurina Blume, Mangifera odorata Griff., and Pometia pinnata J.R.Forst. & G.Forst. were the most frequently recorded wild fruit plant species in all of the study area. However, 74 wild edible fruit plant species were recorded only in West Sumatra, 45 in Riau, 79 in Jambi, and 9 in Bengkulu. Among the 331 wild edible fruit species in the present study, 1 taxon was classified as endangered (0.30%), 9 taxa (2.72%) as vulnerable, 11 taxa (3.32%) as near threatened, and 139 taxa (41.99%) as least concern, and 171 taxa (51.67%) as Data Deficient.
{"title":"The diversity and regional conservation status of wild edible fruit species in Sumatra, Indonesia","authors":"Adi Bejo Suwardi, S. Syamsuardi, Erizal Mukhtar, Nurainas Nurainas","doi":"10.13057/biodiv/d240619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d240619","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Suwardi AB, Syamsuardi, Mukhtar E, Nurainas. 2023. The diversity and regional conservation status of wild edible fruit species in Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 3245-3257. Sumatra Island is recognized as the distribution center of tropical fruit species in Indonesia. However, increased human activity threatens the existence of edible wild fruit plants in nature. The study aims to assess the diversity and regional conservation status of wild edible fruit plant species in Sumatra, Indonesia. The study was conducted in four provinces: West Sumatra, Riau, Jambi, and Bengkulu. For the sampling, a modified line transect method was used. A total of 331 wild edible fruit plant species at four studied sites in Sumatra consisted of 73 families. The highest number of fruit plant species was recorded in West Sumatra Province, i.e., 176 species, followed by Jambi (172 species), Riau (121 species), and Bengkulu (76 species). The diversity of wild edible fruit plant species was higher in West Sumatra Province (3.85) but lower in Riau Province (3.25). Artocarpus integer (Thunb.) Merr., Baccaurea lanceolata (Miq.) Müll.Arg., Baccaurea macrocarpa (Miq.) Müll.Arg., Baccaurea polyneura Hook.f., Garcinia atroviridis Griff. ex T.Anderson, Garcinia xanthochymus Hook.fil. ex J.Anderson, Mangifera foetida Lour., Mangifera laurina Blume, Mangifera odorata Griff., and Pometia pinnata J.R.Forst. & G.Forst. were the most frequently recorded wild fruit plant species in all of the study area. However, 74 wild edible fruit plant species were recorded only in West Sumatra, 45 in Riau, 79 in Jambi, and 9 in Bengkulu. Among the 331 wild edible fruit species in the present study, 1 taxon was classified as endangered (0.30%), 9 taxa (2.72%) as vulnerable, 11 taxa (3.32%) as near threatened, and 139 taxa (41.99%) as least concern, and 171 taxa (51.67%) as Data Deficient.","PeriodicalId":8801,"journal":{"name":"Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86764805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract. Asnawi. 2023. Heavy metal content in duck eggs and meat that consumes feed containing Sapu-sapu fish (Hypostomus plecostomus). Biodiversitas 24: 3201-3206. This study aimed to evaluate heavy metals in the eggs and meat of ducks feeding on the Sapu-sapu fish (Hypostomus plecostomus Linnaeus, 1758) on Lombok Island, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. The observation of collected Sapu-sapu fish samples from three major Mataram rivers. Duck eggs and meat were collected from a livestock group that fed Sapu-sapu fish. The observed variables include; macronutrients (moisture content, crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, and ash) and heavy metal content (Cu and Pb) in the Sapu-sapu fish, duck meat and eggs fed by Sapu-sapu fish. The study found that the Sapu-sapu fish possesses complete macronutrients, making it a possible duck feed. The heavy metal content of copper (Cu) in the Sapu-sapu fish ranges from 189.314±0.0238 ppm, while the lead (Pb) content ranges from 4.25±0.18 ppm. The average heavy metal content of Cu in the eggs and meat of ducks consuming Sapu-sapu fish was 7.692±2.158 ppm and 14.523±6.481 ppm, while the levels of lead in eggs and meat of cesarean fish were 0.936±1.557 ppm 0.373±0.211 ppm. The study concluded that the Sapu-sapu fish in the Mataram city stream has a complete nutritional content (protein, fat, amino acids, minerals) but contains high heavy metals. Therefore, if consumed, ducks dispose of it into the eggs and duck meat. As a result, the eggs and meat of ducks that consume sapu-sapu fish contain heavy metals Cu and Pb that exceed the threshold, so they are unsafe for human consumption.
{"title":"Heavy metal content in duck eggs and meat that consumes feed containing Sapu-sapu fish (Hypostomus plecostomus)","authors":"A. Asnawi","doi":"10.13057/biodiv/d240613","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d240613","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Abstract. Asnawi. 2023. Heavy metal content in duck eggs and meat that consumes feed containing Sapu-sapu fish (Hypostomus plecostomus). Biodiversitas 24: 3201-3206. This study aimed to evaluate heavy metals in the eggs and meat of ducks feeding on the Sapu-sapu fish (Hypostomus plecostomus Linnaeus, 1758) on Lombok Island, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. The observation of collected Sapu-sapu fish samples from three major Mataram rivers. Duck eggs and meat were collected from a livestock group that fed Sapu-sapu fish. The observed variables include; macronutrients (moisture content, crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, and ash) and heavy metal content (Cu and Pb) in the Sapu-sapu fish, duck meat and eggs fed by Sapu-sapu fish. The study found that the Sapu-sapu fish possesses complete macronutrients, making it a possible duck feed. The heavy metal content of copper (Cu) in the Sapu-sapu fish ranges from 189.314±0.0238 ppm, while the lead (Pb) content ranges from 4.25±0.18 ppm. The average heavy metal content of Cu in the eggs and meat of ducks consuming Sapu-sapu fish was 7.692±2.158 ppm and 14.523±6.481 ppm, while the levels of lead in eggs and meat of cesarean fish were 0.936±1.557 ppm 0.373±0.211 ppm. The study concluded that the Sapu-sapu fish in the Mataram city stream has a complete nutritional content (protein, fat, amino acids, minerals) but contains high heavy metals. Therefore, if consumed, ducks dispose of it into the eggs and duck meat. As a result, the eggs and meat of ducks that consume sapu-sapu fish contain heavy metals Cu and Pb that exceed the threshold, so they are unsafe for human consumption.\u0000","PeriodicalId":8801,"journal":{"name":"Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88810638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Junita Hardini, I. G. B. Wirayudha, Alhalimata Rosyidi, Nistane Rita, Ilarosa Mawanti, L. A. Kalih, M. Joni, Fransiscus Xaverius Sudaryanto
Abstract. Hardini J, Wirayudha IGB, Rosyidi A, Rita NMA, Mawanti I, Kalih LATTWS, Joni M, Sudaryanto FX. 2023. The carrying capacity of Nusa Penida Island, Bali, Indonesia for Bali myna (Leucopsar rothschildi Stresemann, 1912). Biodiversitas 24: 3462-3470. This study is to analyze the carrying capacity of Nusa Penida Island on the existence of Bali myna (Leucopsar rothschildi Stresemann, 1912), because the population is increasing. Bali myna counting method: (i) Counting Bali myna on the tree where she sleeps. (ii) Counting Bali myna at the time of doing daily activities. Bali myna population in 2021, Ped Village 58 birds, and Toyapakeh Village 4 birds. In 2022, Bali myna in Ped Village had 102 birds, and in Toyapakeh Village 6 birds. On Nusa Penida Island, food sources of fruits and insects are abundant. There is enough nest box or tree hole to make a nest. Bali myna nest nuisance animals are bee honey (Trigona itama, Cockerel 1918 and ant (Ochetellus glaber (Mayr, 1862)), while predators are tokay gecko (Gekko gecko (Linnaeus 1758)), and water monitor (Varanus salvator Laurenti 1768). It is suspected that some Bali myna moved from Ped Village to Toyapakeh Village due to a large number of nesting disturbing animals in Ped Village. Until now, the people of Nusa Penida Island still carry out awig-awig (customary law) to protect Bali myna. From this research, it is known that the carrying capacity of Nusa Penida Island for Bali myna. The move of Bali myna from Ped Village to Toyapakeh Village is not due to a lack of carrying capacity but because of the presence of Bali myna nuisance animals.
{"title":"The carrying capacity of Nusa Penida Island, Bali, Indonesia for Bali myna (Leucopsar rothschildi Stresemann, 1912)","authors":"Junita Hardini, I. G. B. Wirayudha, Alhalimata Rosyidi, Nistane Rita, Ilarosa Mawanti, L. A. Kalih, M. Joni, Fransiscus Xaverius Sudaryanto","doi":"10.13057/biodiv/d240643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d240643","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Hardini J, Wirayudha IGB, Rosyidi A, Rita NMA, Mawanti I, Kalih LATTWS, Joni M, Sudaryanto FX. 2023. The carrying capacity of Nusa Penida Island, Bali, Indonesia for Bali myna (Leucopsar rothschildi Stresemann, 1912). Biodiversitas 24: 3462-3470. This study is to analyze the carrying capacity of Nusa Penida Island on the existence of Bali myna (Leucopsar rothschildi Stresemann, 1912), because the population is increasing. Bali myna counting method: (i) Counting Bali myna on the tree where she sleeps. (ii) Counting Bali myna at the time of doing daily activities. Bali myna population in 2021, Ped Village 58 birds, and Toyapakeh Village 4 birds. In 2022, Bali myna in Ped Village had 102 birds, and in Toyapakeh Village 6 birds. On Nusa Penida Island, food sources of fruits and insects are abundant. There is enough nest box or tree hole to make a nest. Bali myna nest nuisance animals are bee honey (Trigona itama, Cockerel 1918 and ant (Ochetellus glaber (Mayr, 1862)), while predators are tokay gecko (Gekko gecko (Linnaeus 1758)), and water monitor (Varanus salvator Laurenti 1768). It is suspected that some Bali myna moved from Ped Village to Toyapakeh Village due to a large number of nesting disturbing animals in Ped Village. Until now, the people of Nusa Penida Island still carry out awig-awig (customary law) to protect Bali myna. From this research, it is known that the carrying capacity of Nusa Penida Island for Bali myna. The move of Bali myna from Ped Village to Toyapakeh Village is not due to a lack of carrying capacity but because of the presence of Bali myna nuisance animals.","PeriodicalId":8801,"journal":{"name":"Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86078281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Suparno, S. Prabawardani, Dentyn K. Nisa, Reimas R. Ruimassa
Abstract. Suparno A, Prabawardani S, Nisa DK, Ruimassa RR. 2023. Identification of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi associated with Arabica coffee root (Coffea arabica) in the Arfak Mountains region of West Papua, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 3207-3213. Coffee is a global commodity widely consumed as a beverage globally and has a high economy. Currently, the trend of drinking coffee is no longer dominated by older people but has become part of the millennial and celebrity lifestyle; therefore, worldwide demand for coffee continues to increase. Efforts to develop area expansion and productivity continue to be pursued. The Arfak Mountains Region of West Papua, located 800 - 2,500 m above sea level (masl), is a potential area for coffee plantations. The local farmers in this area have grown coffee independently and with gradual government support for the last years. Given the benefits of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF), which can increase plant growth and productivity, this study aims to identify the types of AMF that are associated with coffee plants in 4 districts, Mokwam, Anggi Giji, Anggi Gida, and Membey in Arfak Mountains region, West Papua. Identification of AMF types was observed based on the morphology of mycorrhizal spores. The research was conducted using the observation method with a purposive sampling technique from November 2022 to March 2023. Based on the observation, the coffee plants in 4 districts were associated with AMF. The types of AMF associated with coffee in Mokwam were more numerous than in other locations, namely the Acaulosporaceae Genus with five species, Glomeaceae Genus with five species, one species of Simiglomus sensu stricto, one species of Funneliformis sensu stricto, and one species of Septoglomus sensu stricto. AMF in Anggi Giji District consisted of Acaulosporaceae Genus with two species, Glomeaceae Genus with four species, while in Anggi Gida District consisted of Acaulosporaceae Genus with one species, Glomeaceae Genus with three species, one species Septoglomus sensu stricto. AMF species in the coffee plants of the Membey District are the Acaulosporaceae Genus with three species, the Glomeaceae Genus with two species, and one species of Septoglomus sensu stricto. From the soil analysis results, the soil fertility level is low; conversely, the mycorrhizal presence level is higher because of the more infertile soil, the more active mycorrhiza.
{"title":"Identification of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi associated with Arabica coffee root (Coffea arabica) in the Arfak Mountains region of West Papua, Indonesia","authors":"A. Suparno, S. Prabawardani, Dentyn K. Nisa, Reimas R. Ruimassa","doi":"10.13057/biodiv/d240614","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d240614","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Suparno A, Prabawardani S, Nisa DK, Ruimassa RR. 2023. Identification of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi associated with Arabica coffee root (Coffea arabica) in the Arfak Mountains region of West Papua, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 3207-3213. Coffee is a global commodity widely consumed as a beverage globally and has a high economy. Currently, the trend of drinking coffee is no longer dominated by older people but has become part of the millennial and celebrity lifestyle; therefore, worldwide demand for coffee continues to increase. Efforts to develop area expansion and productivity continue to be pursued. The Arfak Mountains Region of West Papua, located 800 - 2,500 m above sea level (masl), is a potential area for coffee plantations. The local farmers in this area have grown coffee independently and with gradual government support for the last years. Given the benefits of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF), which can increase plant growth and productivity, this study aims to identify the types of AMF that are associated with coffee plants in 4 districts, Mokwam, Anggi Giji, Anggi Gida, and Membey in Arfak Mountains region, West Papua. Identification of AMF types was observed based on the morphology of mycorrhizal spores. The research was conducted using the observation method with a purposive sampling technique from November 2022 to March 2023. Based on the observation, the coffee plants in 4 districts were associated with AMF. The types of AMF associated with coffee in Mokwam were more numerous than in other locations, namely the Acaulosporaceae Genus with five species, Glomeaceae Genus with five species, one species of Simiglomus sensu stricto, one species of Funneliformis sensu stricto, and one species of Septoglomus sensu stricto. AMF in Anggi Giji District consisted of Acaulosporaceae Genus with two species, Glomeaceae Genus with four species, while in Anggi Gida District consisted of Acaulosporaceae Genus with one species, Glomeaceae Genus with three species, one species Septoglomus sensu stricto. AMF species in the coffee plants of the Membey District are the Acaulosporaceae Genus with three species, the Glomeaceae Genus with two species, and one species of Septoglomus sensu stricto. From the soil analysis results, the soil fertility level is low; conversely, the mycorrhizal presence level is higher because of the more infertile soil, the more active mycorrhiza.","PeriodicalId":8801,"journal":{"name":"Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84316878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Indah Prihartin, Akhis Soleh Ismail, H. Sukorini, F. Nursandi, A. Zakia, Farusa Anggita Risyawal Farahdina
Abstract. Prihartin I, Ismail AS, Sukorini H, Nursandi F, Zakia A, Farahdina FAR. 2023. Identification of bacterial isolates of Tumpang and Bumiasri (East Java, Indonesia) using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and screening of their active compounds as a biofertilizer. Biodiversitas 24: 3338-3343. The objective of the study was to identify Tumpang (TPG) and Bumiasri (BAS) isolates using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and screen-on biofertilizer active-compounds. Research materials used in the study were bacterial isolates of TPG isolated from Tumpang area and BAS isolated from Bumiasri area, East Java, Indonesia. The variables observed was isolate identification using 16S-rRNA gene and screen for active compounds for biofertilizer using liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS-QTOF). The biofertilizer composed of mineral mix (P, K, Fe, Mg and S), rice-straw extract, water and TPG isolate as C1 Biofertilizer and BAS as C2 Biofertilizer. The sequencing results of TPG isolates obtained DNA sequences that resembled the bacterium Lysinibacillus fusiformis with a similarity of 99%, while BAS isolate resembled the bacterium Lysinibacillus macroides with a similarity of 99%. These genes sequences have been submitted to GenBank under the bacterial names L. fusiformis BIP-211 and L. macroides BIP-212 respectively. The LC-MS/MS-QTOF screening result shows that the C1 biofertilizer contain benzoic-acid compound, 4-(butylamino), methoxycinnamyl P-coumarate. Futhermore, betaine (glycine betaine) and benzoic-acid 4-(butylamino) was identified in C2. So, the TPG and BAS isolates was confirmed as L. fusiformis BIP-211 and L. macroides BIP-212 respectively. The both C1 and C2 biofertilizer consists two active-compounds.
{"title":"Identification of bacterial isolates of Tumpang and Bumiasri (East Java, Indonesia) using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and screening of their active compounds as a biofertilizer","authors":"Indah Prihartin, Akhis Soleh Ismail, H. Sukorini, F. Nursandi, A. Zakia, Farusa Anggita Risyawal Farahdina","doi":"10.13057/biodiv/d240629","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d240629","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Prihartin I, Ismail AS, Sukorini H, Nursandi F, Zakia A, Farahdina FAR. 2023. Identification of bacterial isolates of Tumpang and Bumiasri (East Java, Indonesia) using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and screening of their active compounds as a biofertilizer. Biodiversitas 24: 3338-3343. The objective of the study was to identify Tumpang (TPG) and Bumiasri (BAS) isolates using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and screen-on biofertilizer active-compounds. Research materials used in the study were bacterial isolates of TPG isolated from Tumpang area and BAS isolated from Bumiasri area, East Java, Indonesia. The variables observed was isolate identification using 16S-rRNA gene and screen for active compounds for biofertilizer using liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS-QTOF). The biofertilizer composed of mineral mix (P, K, Fe, Mg and S), rice-straw extract, water and TPG isolate as C1 Biofertilizer and BAS as C2 Biofertilizer. The sequencing results of TPG isolates obtained DNA sequences that resembled the bacterium Lysinibacillus fusiformis with a similarity of 99%, while BAS isolate resembled the bacterium Lysinibacillus macroides with a similarity of 99%. These genes sequences have been submitted to GenBank under the bacterial names L. fusiformis BIP-211 and L. macroides BIP-212 respectively. The LC-MS/MS-QTOF screening result shows that the C1 biofertilizer contain benzoic-acid compound, 4-(butylamino), methoxycinnamyl P-coumarate. Futhermore, betaine (glycine betaine) and benzoic-acid 4-(butylamino) was identified in C2. So, the TPG and BAS isolates was confirmed as L. fusiformis BIP-211 and L. macroides BIP-212 respectively. The both C1 and C2 biofertilizer consists two active-compounds.","PeriodicalId":8801,"journal":{"name":"Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83345917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Yassi, E. B. Demmallino, Hairul Rachman Sultani
Abstract.Yassi A, Demmallino EB, Sultani HR. 2023. Tropical climate change and its impact on horticultural plants in Enrekang District, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 3073-3079. Global, regional, and local changes in climate are phenomenologically different and have distinct impacts on the horticultural and agricultural sectors. Therefore, this research aims to examine tropical climate change in South Sulawesi, Indonesia and analyze its impact on horticultural crops. Apost-positivistic interpretation framework of the case study tradition was used, while the location was determined by purposive sampling followed by comprehensive data collection. Data were analyzed using integrated techniques, and validity tests were carried outto assess thecredibility and reliability. The results indicated a local climate change marked by a differencein the pattern of distribution and intensity of extreme rainfall between 2015 and 2018. This was due toan increase in air temperature, which on average reached ±0.03731°C from the lowest of 22.50°C in 2011 to the highest of 23.12°C in 2020. In other words, it can be stated that the air temperature had increased by ±0.63°C in the last decade. The impact on various types of horticultural crops was marked by a decrease in the production of several kinds of Chinese cabbage,carrots, and green beans in 2015 as well asa very drastic reductionin potato crop production in 2018, while cabbage plants experienced a peak in production in 2018. Some types of horticultural crops such as shallots, cabbage and red chili began to stabilize and even increased their production in the aftermath of climate changeduring said period.
摘要Yassi A, Demmallino EB, Sultani HR。2023. 热带气候变化及其对印尼南苏拉威西Enrekang地区园艺植物的影响。生物多样性24:3073-3079。全球、区域和地方的气候变化在现象上是不同的，对园艺和农业部门有明显的影响。因此，本研究旨在考察印度尼西亚南苏拉威西岛的热带气候变化，并分析其对园艺作物的影响。采用案例研究传统的后实证主义解释框架，而地点则通过有目的的抽样和全面的数据收集来确定。采用综合技术对数据进行分析，并进行效度检验以评估信度和信度。结果表明，2015 - 2018年，极端降雨的分布模式和强度存在差异。这是由于气温上升，从2011年最低的22.50°C到2020年最高的23.12°C，平均气温达到±0.03731°C。换句话说，可以说在过去的十年里，气温上升了±0.63°C。对各类园艺作物的影响主要表现在2015年几种白菜、胡萝卜和绿豆的产量下降，以及2018年马铃薯作物产量大幅下降，而白菜作物在2018年达到了产量峰值。在此期间，一些类型的园艺作物，如葱、卷心菜和红辣椒，在气候变化的影响下开始稳定下来，甚至增加了产量。
{"title":"Tropical climate change and its impact on horticultural plants in Enrekang District, South Sulawesi, Indonesia","authors":"A. Yassi, E. B. Demmallino, Hairul Rachman Sultani","doi":"10.13057/biodiv/d240601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d240601","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Abstract.Yassi A, Demmallino EB, Sultani HR. 2023. Tropical climate change and its impact on horticultural plants in Enrekang District, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 3073-3079. Global, regional, and local changes in climate are phenomenologically different and have distinct impacts on the horticultural and agricultural sectors. Therefore, this research aims to examine tropical climate change in South Sulawesi, Indonesia and analyze its impact on horticultural crops. Apost-positivistic interpretation framework of the case study tradition was used, while the location was determined by purposive sampling followed by comprehensive data collection. Data were analyzed using integrated techniques, and validity tests were carried outto assess thecredibility and reliability. The results indicated a local climate change marked by a differencein the pattern of distribution and intensity of extreme rainfall between 2015 and 2018. This was due toan increase in air temperature, which on average reached ±0.03731°C from the lowest of 22.50°C in 2011 to the highest of 23.12°C in 2020. In other words, it can be stated that the air temperature had increased by ±0.63°C in the last decade. The impact on various types of horticultural crops was marked by a decrease in the production of several kinds of Chinese cabbage,carrots, and green beans in 2015 as well asa very drastic reductionin potato crop production in 2018, while cabbage plants experienced a peak in production in 2018. Some types of horticultural crops such as shallots, cabbage and red chili began to stabilize and even increased their production in the aftermath of climate changeduring said period.\u0000","PeriodicalId":8801,"journal":{"name":"Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81073636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
W. Maser, N. Maiyah, M. Nagarajan, Passakorn Kingwascharapong, Theeraphol Senphan, Ali Muhammed Moula Ali, Sri Charan Bindu Bavisetty
Abstract. Maser WH, Maiyah N, Nagarajan M, Kingwascharapong P, Senphan T, Ali AMM, Bavisetty SCB. 2023. Effect of different extraction solvents on the yield and enzyme inhibition (a-amylase, a-glucosidase, and lipase) activity of some vegetables. Biodiversitas 24: 3320-3331. The present study investigated the in vitro inhibition of a-amylase, a-glucosidase, and lipase, and antioxidant activities (DPPH, metal chelating, and FRAP) of Allium cepa L., Apium graveolens L., Coriandrum sativum L., and Petroselinum crispum (Mill.) Fuss using solvent 80% ethanol, absolute ethanol, acetone, methanol, n-hexane, chloroform, and hot water. The total phenolic content (TPC) and the FTIR and GC-MS characterization spectra were compared with the activities. The TPC of 80% ethanol extract in A. graveolens L. was the highest among the extracts, with 23.78 mg GAE/g extract. The 80% ethanol extract exhibited the most potent antioxidant activity on DPPH radical scavenging (A. graveolens, 125.57 mg AEAC/g extract), metal chelating (C. sativum, 92.85 mg EECC/g extract), and FRAP activities (C. sativum, 46.98 mg AEAC/g extract). The 80% ethanol extract showed the highest anti-a-amylase (P. crispum, 30.61 mmol ACE/g extract) and anti-a-glucosidase (A. cepa, 595.28 mmol ACE/g extract) activities. In comparison, the absolute ethanol extract of C. sativum showed the highest anti-lipase activity (42.10% inhibition). According to the FTIR spectra, the 80% ethanol extract of the four green leafy vegetables is predicted to have several active compounds. GC-MS identified the compounds responsible for the activity. Studies on the recovery potential of active compounds as oral agents to treat diabetes mellitus with certain solvents are very useful in producing oral agents and functional foods to prevent diabetes mellitus.
{"title":"Effect of different extraction solvents on the yield and enzyme inhibition (a-amylase, a-glucosidase, and lipase) activity of some vegetables","authors":"W. Maser, N. Maiyah, M. Nagarajan, Passakorn Kingwascharapong, Theeraphol Senphan, Ali Muhammed Moula Ali, Sri Charan Bindu Bavisetty","doi":"10.13057/biodiv/d240625","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d240625","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Maser WH, Maiyah N, Nagarajan M, Kingwascharapong P, Senphan T, Ali AMM, Bavisetty SCB. 2023. Effect of different extraction solvents on the yield and enzyme inhibition (a-amylase, a-glucosidase, and lipase) activity of some vegetables. Biodiversitas 24: 3320-3331. The present study investigated the in vitro inhibition of a-amylase, a-glucosidase, and lipase, and antioxidant activities (DPPH, metal chelating, and FRAP) of Allium cepa L., Apium graveolens L., Coriandrum sativum L., and Petroselinum crispum (Mill.) Fuss using solvent 80% ethanol, absolute ethanol, acetone, methanol, n-hexane, chloroform, and hot water. The total phenolic content (TPC) and the FTIR and GC-MS characterization spectra were compared with the activities. The TPC of 80% ethanol extract in A. graveolens L. was the highest among the extracts, with 23.78 mg GAE/g extract. The 80% ethanol extract exhibited the most potent antioxidant activity on DPPH radical scavenging (A. graveolens, 125.57 mg AEAC/g extract), metal chelating (C. sativum, 92.85 mg EECC/g extract), and FRAP activities (C. sativum, 46.98 mg AEAC/g extract). The 80% ethanol extract showed the highest anti-a-amylase (P. crispum, 30.61 mmol ACE/g extract) and anti-a-glucosidase (A. cepa, 595.28 mmol ACE/g extract) activities. In comparison, the absolute ethanol extract of C. sativum showed the highest anti-lipase activity (42.10% inhibition). According to the FTIR spectra, the 80% ethanol extract of the four green leafy vegetables is predicted to have several active compounds. GC-MS identified the compounds responsible for the activity. Studies on the recovery potential of active compounds as oral agents to treat diabetes mellitus with certain solvents are very useful in producing oral agents and functional foods to prevent diabetes mellitus.","PeriodicalId":8801,"journal":{"name":"Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84840797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Narzullayev, Sardor Kambarov, U. Mirzaev, S. Tursunova
Abstract. Narzullayev S, Kambarov S, Mirzaev U, Tursunova S. 2023. Diversity of woody plant nematodes in specially protected biocenosis of Zarafshan Mountain, Uzbekistan. Biodiversitas 24: 3145-3151. Very little information exists on nematodes' diversity and ecological characteristics in small artificial forests. This article provides information on the diversity of the nematode fauna, bioecological characteristics, and species distribution by biotopes of fruit trees growing in the biocenoses of the Omonkutan National Nature Park in the Western Zarafshan mountain range. As a result of the research, 62 species of nematodes were recorded in the nematode fauna of fruit trees. These species were analyzed taxonomically and ecologically. It was determined that the species in the fauna belong to two classes and five orders of the Nematoda type. They are divided into five large and several small groups according to their ecological characteristics. Among the ecological groups, omnivorous and plant-feeding nematodes are the dominant groups in terms of the number of species. The diversity of nematodes was high in the 0-15 and 15-30 cm soil layers. It turned out that the diversity in different biotopes is related to the ecological characteristics of nematodes. In particular, herbivorous nematodes accounted for 72.2% of nematodes in the root system. An increase in the diversity of nematodes was observed in the rhizosphere soil layers. A sharp increase in the number of species and individuals of omnivorous nematodes and bacteriotrophs was observed in the 0-15 cm soil layer, and this trend was also preserved in the 15-30 cm layer. The species richness and diversity (according to the Shannon and Simpson indices) were the lowest in vegetative parts of plants. As a result of the research, it became clear that the diversity of soil nematodes is completely dependent on their trophic characteristics.
{"title":"Diversity of woody plant nematodes in specially protected biocenosis of Zarafshan Mountain, Uzbekistan","authors":"S. Narzullayev, Sardor Kambarov, U. Mirzaev, S. Tursunova","doi":"10.13057/biodiv/d240607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d240607","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Narzullayev S, Kambarov S, Mirzaev U, Tursunova S. 2023. Diversity of woody plant nematodes in specially protected biocenosis of Zarafshan Mountain, Uzbekistan. Biodiversitas 24: 3145-3151. Very little information exists on nematodes' diversity and ecological characteristics in small artificial forests. This article provides information on the diversity of the nematode fauna, bioecological characteristics, and species distribution by biotopes of fruit trees growing in the biocenoses of the Omonkutan National Nature Park in the Western Zarafshan mountain range. As a result of the research, 62 species of nematodes were recorded in the nematode fauna of fruit trees. These species were analyzed taxonomically and ecologically. It was determined that the species in the fauna belong to two classes and five orders of the Nematoda type. They are divided into five large and several small groups according to their ecological characteristics. Among the ecological groups, omnivorous and plant-feeding nematodes are the dominant groups in terms of the number of species. The diversity of nematodes was high in the 0-15 and 15-30 cm soil layers. It turned out that the diversity in different biotopes is related to the ecological characteristics of nematodes. In particular, herbivorous nematodes accounted for 72.2% of nematodes in the root system. An increase in the diversity of nematodes was observed in the rhizosphere soil layers. A sharp increase in the number of species and individuals of omnivorous nematodes and bacteriotrophs was observed in the 0-15 cm soil layer, and this trend was also preserved in the 15-30 cm layer. The species richness and diversity (according to the Shannon and Simpson indices) were the lowest in vegetative parts of plants. As a result of the research, it became clear that the diversity of soil nematodes is completely dependent on their trophic characteristics.","PeriodicalId":8801,"journal":{"name":"Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77687654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract. Saensouk S, Saensouk P. 2023. Palynology of the genus Lagerstroemia (Lythraceae) in Thailand. Biodiversitas 24: 3222-3229. Pollen morphology of Lagerstroemia (Lythraceae) from Thailand was poorly reported. This study aimed to study the pollen morphology of 17 species of the genus Lagerstroemia in Thailand by applying acetolysis under a light microscope and scanning electron microscope. Pollen of the genus Lagerstroemia in Thailand was described with the distinctive features of the pollen morphology, i.e., size, shape, exine sculpturing, the character of the aperture, polar, and symmetry. All pollen grains were monad with and polar view length of 43.83±2.84 µm, and equatorial view length of 26.33±2.05 µm. The shape of pollens was prolate spheroidal, subspheroidal, spheroidal, and subprolate. The pollens in this study were recognized as bilateral, radial, and sub-radial symmetries. All pollen grains were apolar and polar. The aperture of all pollen species in this study was reported with tricolpate and tricolporate. Exine sculpturing was exine sculpturing and scabrate-granulate. The pollen morphology of this study can be divided into groups based on shape, exine sculpturing, the character of the aperture, polarity, and symmetry. Pollen sizes of all species were medium size. The pollen ofall species from Thailand are reported as Lagerstroemia indica-type.The pollen morphology in this study cannot be used for species identification. Pollen of 16 Lagerstroemia species were studied here for the first time.
{"title":"Palynology of the genus Lagerstroemia (Lythraceae) in Thailand","authors":"S. Saensouk, P. Saensouk","doi":"10.13057/biodiv/d240616","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d240616","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Abstract. Saensouk S, Saensouk P. 2023. Palynology of the genus Lagerstroemia (Lythraceae) in Thailand. Biodiversitas 24: 3222-3229. Pollen morphology of Lagerstroemia (Lythraceae) from Thailand was poorly reported. This study aimed to study the pollen morphology of 17 species of the genus Lagerstroemia in Thailand by applying acetolysis under a light microscope and scanning electron microscope. Pollen of the genus Lagerstroemia in Thailand was described with the distinctive features of the pollen morphology, i.e., size, shape, exine sculpturing, the character of the aperture, polar, and symmetry. All pollen grains were monad with and polar view length of 43.83±2.84 µm, and equatorial view length of 26.33±2.05 µm. The shape of pollens was prolate spheroidal, subspheroidal, spheroidal, and subprolate. The pollens in this study were recognized as bilateral, radial, and sub-radial symmetries. All pollen grains were apolar and polar. The aperture of all pollen species in this study was reported with tricolpate and tricolporate. Exine sculpturing was exine sculpturing and scabrate-granulate. The pollen morphology of this study can be divided into groups based on shape, exine sculpturing, the character of the aperture, polarity, and symmetry. Pollen sizes of all species were medium size. The pollen ofall species from Thailand are reported as Lagerstroemia indica-type.The pollen morphology in this study cannot be used for species identification. Pollen of 16 Lagerstroemia species were studied here for the first time.\u0000","PeriodicalId":8801,"journal":{"name":"Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90510505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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