Pub Date : 2023-02-15DOI: 10.1163/1568539x-bja10204
Sydney Atkinson, Erin Bryan, J. Kruse, Nathan Sarachick, L. Mathews
The contexts in which individuals demonstrate behavioural consistency or variability have been the subject of research focus. We studied exploratory and sheltering behaviour in the crayfish F. virilis to understand how these behaviours vary by sex and reproductive readiness and to quantify the repeatability of these behaviours. Crayfish were tested in two sets of three rounds, one in the summer non-reproductive season and another in the autumn reproductive season. Reproductive crayfish spent more time outside the shelter and were more likely to accept a food item than non-reproductive crayfish. In the non-reproductive season, females spent more time outside the shelter than males, and over both seasons, females were more likely to seek and accept a food item. Repeatability estimates were low, indicating high intra-individual variability in these behaviours. Sheltering and exploratory behaviours were not correlated. This indicates sex or reproductive readiness have strong effects on both sheltering and exploratory behaviours.
{"title":"Sex and reproductive status affect sheltering and exploratory behaviours with high intra-individual variability in crayfish","authors":"Sydney Atkinson, Erin Bryan, J. Kruse, Nathan Sarachick, L. Mathews","doi":"10.1163/1568539x-bja10204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/1568539x-bja10204","url":null,"abstract":"The contexts in which individuals demonstrate behavioural consistency or variability have been the subject of research focus. We studied exploratory and sheltering behaviour in the crayfish F. virilis to understand how these behaviours vary by sex and reproductive readiness and to quantify the repeatability of these behaviours. Crayfish were tested in two sets of three rounds, one in the summer non-reproductive season and another in the autumn reproductive season. Reproductive crayfish spent more time outside the shelter and were more likely to accept a food item than non-reproductive crayfish. In the non-reproductive season, females spent more time outside the shelter than males, and over both seasons, females were more likely to seek and accept a food item. Repeatability estimates were low, indicating high intra-individual variability in these behaviours. Sheltering and exploratory behaviours were not correlated. This indicates sex or reproductive readiness have strong effects on both sheltering and exploratory behaviours.","PeriodicalId":8822,"journal":{"name":"Behaviour","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44554772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-15DOI: 10.1163/1568539x-bja10196
Eric E. G. Clua, C. Meyer
The Mistaken Identity Hypothesis (MIH) interprets shark bites on surfers, swimmers and snorkelers as ‘mistakes’ stemming primarily from similarities in the visual appearance of ocean users and the sharks typical prey. MIH is now widely accepted as fact by the general public and some sections of the scientific community despite remaining unproven. This hypothesis assumes that ‘mistaken’ shark bites on humans result primarily from confusing visual cues and ignores the important role of other senses (e.g. hearing) in discriminating potential prey. A far simpler ‘natural exploration’ hypothesis can reasonably explain not only shark bites that have been characterized as ‘mistaken identity’ events but also those that cannot be reasonably explained by MIH (e.g. shark bites that occur in very clear water). Simply stated, sharks don’t make ‘mistakes’ but instead continually explore their environments and routinely investigate novel objects as potential prey by biting them.
{"title":"The ‘Mistaken Identity Hypothesis’ for shark bites on humans is an anthropomorphic fallacy","authors":"Eric E. G. Clua, C. Meyer","doi":"10.1163/1568539x-bja10196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/1568539x-bja10196","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000The Mistaken Identity Hypothesis (MIH) interprets shark bites on surfers, swimmers and snorkelers as ‘mistakes’ stemming primarily from similarities in the visual appearance of ocean users and the sharks typical prey. MIH is now widely accepted as fact by the general public and some sections of the scientific community despite remaining unproven. This hypothesis assumes that ‘mistaken’ shark bites on humans result primarily from confusing visual cues and ignores the important role of other senses (e.g. hearing) in discriminating potential prey. A far simpler ‘natural exploration’ hypothesis can reasonably explain not only shark bites that have been characterized as ‘mistaken identity’ events but also those that cannot be reasonably explained by MIH (e.g. shark bites that occur in very clear water). Simply stated, sharks don’t make ‘mistakes’ but instead continually explore their environments and routinely investigate novel objects as potential prey by biting them.","PeriodicalId":8822,"journal":{"name":"Behaviour","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44932622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-15DOI: 10.1163/1568539x-bja10209
M. Dutour, Sarah L. Walsh, Grace Blackburn, A. Ridley
Many animals provide information about predator proximity in their alarm calls. In response to predators further away, Western Australian magpies (Gymnorhina tibicen dorsalis) produce alarm calls containing fewer notes compared to those produced when predators are closer. Since the ability to make fine-scale adjustments to antipredator responses by being sensitive to the level of urgency in calls may be beneficial, receivers are expected to be able to appropriately decipher and respond to this information. We conducted playbacks to test whether magpies can respond to urgency information in conspecific alarm calls. Magpies were exposed to low-urgency calls (calls with one note), high-urgency calls (calls with four notes), and one- and four-note control calls. Receivers showed greater levels of responsiveness following playbacks of high-urgency calls compared to playbacks of low-urgency and control calls, providing evidence that magpies can respond to information about the urgency of a predator threat from conspecific alarm calls.
{"title":"Western Australian magpies respond to urgency information contained in conspecific alarm calls","authors":"M. Dutour, Sarah L. Walsh, Grace Blackburn, A. Ridley","doi":"10.1163/1568539x-bja10209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/1568539x-bja10209","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Many animals provide information about predator proximity in their alarm calls. In response to predators further away, Western Australian magpies (Gymnorhina tibicen dorsalis) produce alarm calls containing fewer notes compared to those produced when predators are closer. Since the ability to make fine-scale adjustments to antipredator responses by being sensitive to the level of urgency in calls may be beneficial, receivers are expected to be able to appropriately decipher and respond to this information. We conducted playbacks to test whether magpies can respond to urgency information in conspecific alarm calls. Magpies were exposed to low-urgency calls (calls with one note), high-urgency calls (calls with four notes), and one- and four-note control calls. Receivers showed greater levels of responsiveness following playbacks of high-urgency calls compared to playbacks of low-urgency and control calls, providing evidence that magpies can respond to information about the urgency of a predator threat from conspecific alarm calls.","PeriodicalId":8822,"journal":{"name":"Behaviour","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44818101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-15DOI: 10.1163/1568539x-bja10197
Yusuke Takahata, K. Uchida, T. Shimamoto, N. Kutsukake
Scatter-hoarding animals decide their food hoarding location by assessing food quality and pilfering risk. Previous studies have proposed two non-mutually exclusive hypotheses; the optimal density model (ODM) and the habitat structure hypothesis (HSH). The ODM proposes that animals utilize low cache density to protect their valuable caches by transporting food far from food sources. The HSH proposes that animals utilize predation risk to protect their valuable caches by hoarding food in open areas. Here, we investigated the hoarding behaviours in Eurasian red squirrels Sciurus vulgaris by experimentally providing high-quality (walnuts) and low-quality (acorns) food, to examine if they follow ODM or HSH. Compared to acorns, squirrels hoarded walnuts in places further from the area where food was provisioned and in areas with low canopy cover. These results agree with both ODM and HSH, providing the first evidence that hoarding behaviour in Eurasian red squirrels is shaped by multiple factors.
{"title":"Keeping treasure safe: Eurasian red squirrels cache valuable food far from the food source with low canopy cover","authors":"Yusuke Takahata, K. Uchida, T. Shimamoto, N. Kutsukake","doi":"10.1163/1568539x-bja10197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/1568539x-bja10197","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Scatter-hoarding animals decide their food hoarding location by assessing food quality and pilfering risk. Previous studies have proposed two non-mutually exclusive hypotheses; the optimal density model (ODM) and the habitat structure hypothesis (HSH). The ODM proposes that animals utilize low cache density to protect their valuable caches by transporting food far from food sources. The HSH proposes that animals utilize predation risk to protect their valuable caches by hoarding food in open areas. Here, we investigated the hoarding behaviours in Eurasian red squirrels Sciurus vulgaris by experimentally providing high-quality (walnuts) and low-quality (acorns) food, to examine if they follow ODM or HSH. Compared to acorns, squirrels hoarded walnuts in places further from the area where food was provisioned and in areas with low canopy cover. These results agree with both ODM and HSH, providing the first evidence that hoarding behaviour in Eurasian red squirrels is shaped by multiple factors.","PeriodicalId":8822,"journal":{"name":"Behaviour","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46084847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-10DOI: 10.1163/1568539x-bja10203
Tracy T. Burkhard, E. R. Sachs, S. Phelps
Although vocalizations are essential to mammalian sociosexual behaviours, little is known about female preferences for male vocal displays in non-model mammalian species. Here, we characterized female preferences for the advertisement songs of male Alston’s singing mice (Scotinomys teguina). We developed procedures for inducing oestrus, using vaginal perforation as a morphological indicator of oestrus. We then broadcasted ‘high-effort’ and ‘low-effort’ songs recorded from wild-caught males to virgin laboratory-reared females, using a two-choice experiment. Our results indicate that females spent more time investigating speakers playing high-effort songs; surprisingly, this phonotactic response is independent of oestrus status. In wild singing mice, acoustic characteristics of high-effort male songs positively correlate with body condition. Our data suggest that females could use acoustic cues to select mates in good condition, thus providing preliminary support for adaptive mate choice hypotheses. More generally, our results support the hypothesis that elaborate Scotinomys song may be shaped by female choice.
{"title":"Female preferences for high vocal effort in singing mice","authors":"Tracy T. Burkhard, E. R. Sachs, S. Phelps","doi":"10.1163/1568539x-bja10203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/1568539x-bja10203","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Although vocalizations are essential to mammalian sociosexual behaviours, little is known about female preferences for male vocal displays in non-model mammalian species. Here, we characterized female preferences for the advertisement songs of male Alston’s singing mice (Scotinomys teguina). We developed procedures for inducing oestrus, using vaginal perforation as a morphological indicator of oestrus. We then broadcasted ‘high-effort’ and ‘low-effort’ songs recorded from wild-caught males to virgin laboratory-reared females, using a two-choice experiment. Our results indicate that females spent more time investigating speakers playing high-effort songs; surprisingly, this phonotactic response is independent of oestrus status. In wild singing mice, acoustic characteristics of high-effort male songs positively correlate with body condition. Our data suggest that females could use acoustic cues to select mates in good condition, thus providing preliminary support for adaptive mate choice hypotheses. More generally, our results support the hypothesis that elaborate Scotinomys song may be shaped by female choice.","PeriodicalId":8822,"journal":{"name":"Behaviour","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48477496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-10DOI: 10.1163/1568539x-bja10198
I. F. Porcher
Reef sharks, including blackfins (Carcharhinus melanopterus) reside in the lagoons and on the outer slopes of the barrier reefs of Mo’orea Island, French Polynesia. In general the lagoons are shallow enough to permit underwater observation, while dive clubs hold shark dives at different sites in the lagoons and in the ocean. Thus, the presence of blackfin sharks especially, and other species at times, is confirmed daily. Between about 21 July and 2 August 2002, all blackfin reef sharks under observation, and possibly some of the other species, left their lagoon and ocean ranges and disappeared from human view, a unique evacuation for which no explanation was found. The event suggests an unknown pattern or influence at work which was perceived by sharks, but was not apparent to those investigating.
{"title":"Shark evacuation from Mo’orea island in 2002","authors":"I. F. Porcher","doi":"10.1163/1568539x-bja10198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/1568539x-bja10198","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Reef sharks, including blackfins (Carcharhinus melanopterus) reside in the lagoons and on the outer slopes of the barrier reefs of Mo’orea Island, French Polynesia. In general the lagoons are shallow enough to permit underwater observation, while dive clubs hold shark dives at different sites in the lagoons and in the ocean. Thus, the presence of blackfin sharks especially, and other species at times, is confirmed daily. Between about 21 July and 2 August 2002, all blackfin reef sharks under observation, and possibly some of the other species, left their lagoon and ocean ranges and disappeared from human view, a unique evacuation for which no explanation was found. The event suggests an unknown pattern or influence at work which was perceived by sharks, but was not apparent to those investigating.","PeriodicalId":8822,"journal":{"name":"Behaviour","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44337726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-10DOI: 10.1163/1568539x-bja10207
Kushankur Bhattacharyya, Sumana Annagiri
Ants living in subterranean nests face the challenge of nest flooding and require to combat this recurring issue. The tropical Ponerine ant species, Diacamma indicum, living in simple nests with a single chamber, was used in the current study to examine mound building in the lab. Upon stimulating rain ( colonies) they built significantly larger nest mounds as compared to controls. Nest mounds proved to be important to colonies that had experienced rain while relocating. Relocating colonies showed significantly higher preference for new nests with mounds (12/13) when choosing between two equidistant, similar quality potential new nests in contrast to control relocations. To the best of our knowledge this study for the first-time documents mound building behaviour in any Ponerine species in laboratory conditions and introduces nest mounds as another architectural feature of interest to relocating colonies.
{"title":"Construction of nest mound and preference for it during relocation in an Indian ant Diacamma indicum","authors":"Kushankur Bhattacharyya, Sumana Annagiri","doi":"10.1163/1568539x-bja10207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/1568539x-bja10207","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Ants living in subterranean nests face the challenge of nest flooding and require to combat this recurring issue. The tropical Ponerine ant species, Diacamma indicum, living in simple nests with a single chamber, was used in the current study to examine mound building in the lab. Upon stimulating rain ( colonies) they built significantly larger nest mounds as compared to controls. Nest mounds proved to be important to colonies that had experienced rain while relocating. Relocating colonies showed significantly higher preference for new nests with mounds (12/13) when choosing between two equidistant, similar quality potential new nests in contrast to control relocations. To the best of our knowledge this study for the first-time documents mound building behaviour in any Ponerine species in laboratory conditions and introduces nest mounds as another architectural feature of interest to relocating colonies.","PeriodicalId":8822,"journal":{"name":"Behaviour","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42243616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-10DOI: 10.1163/1568539x-bja10208
Yin Li, Yang Yang, Zhi-xiong He, Wen-juan Hou, Xing Guo, Lu Li, C. Huang, F. Tai
Different types of stress produce different effects on social relationships between partners. Chronic social defeat has been found to alter the emotional and social behaviours, whether it affects partner preference remains unclear. Using monogamous mandarin voles (Microtus mandarinus), the present study found that 14 days of social defeat to male vole could increase social avoidance in sociality test, and reduced attacking, intimate, sniffing and exploratory behaviours, but increased avoidance defensive, immobile behaviours in social interaction test. In addition, this treatment significantly reduced side-by-side contact with partner throughout cohabitation period, and reduced the attacking behaviour to strangers after 11 days’ cohabitation. Furthermore, in mandarin vole with chronic social defeat, partner preference was abolished on 5 and 7 days’ cohabitation indicating that pair bonding stability was impaired by chronic social defeat. Moreover, although mandarin voles spent longer time rescuing partner than stranger in both groups, chronic social defeat did not affect rescuing significantly. Impairment of pair bonding may be due to abnormalities in social interaction induced by chronic social defeat. This finding provides some insights into mechanisms underlying effects of prolong social stress on social relationships between partners.
{"title":"Effects of chronic social defeat on social interaction and partner preference in mandarin voles","authors":"Yin Li, Yang Yang, Zhi-xiong He, Wen-juan Hou, Xing Guo, Lu Li, C. Huang, F. Tai","doi":"10.1163/1568539x-bja10208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/1568539x-bja10208","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Different types of stress produce different effects on social relationships between partners. Chronic social defeat has been found to alter the emotional and social behaviours, whether it affects partner preference remains unclear. Using monogamous mandarin voles (Microtus mandarinus), the present study found that 14 days of social defeat to male vole could increase social avoidance in sociality test, and reduced attacking, intimate, sniffing and exploratory behaviours, but increased avoidance defensive, immobile behaviours in social interaction test. In addition, this treatment significantly reduced side-by-side contact with partner throughout cohabitation period, and reduced the attacking behaviour to strangers after 11 days’ cohabitation. Furthermore, in mandarin vole with chronic social defeat, partner preference was abolished on 5 and 7 days’ cohabitation indicating that pair bonding stability was impaired by chronic social defeat. Moreover, although mandarin voles spent longer time rescuing partner than stranger in both groups, chronic social defeat did not affect rescuing significantly. Impairment of pair bonding may be due to abnormalities in social interaction induced by chronic social defeat. This finding provides some insights into mechanisms underlying effects of prolong social stress on social relationships between partners.","PeriodicalId":8822,"journal":{"name":"Behaviour","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41622536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-06DOI: 10.1163/1568539x-bja10206
T. Kuriwada, Seiya Shindome, Yuki Tomita, M. Kawanishi
Predation is an important selection pressure affecting animals. Predation has both consumptive and non-lethal effects. Because it is often difficult to estimate the extent to which non-lethal effects occur, we focused on autotomy as an indicator of non-lethal effects occurring in urban habitats. Autotomy is expected to indicate that individuals have escaped from predators. The incidence of leg autotomy in the cricket Dianemobius nigrofasciatus was compared between urban and rural habitats. The incidence of autotomy was higher in urban than in rural habitats. Failure to moult and conspecific aggressive interactions were not the main factors contributing to the incidence of autotomy in these crickets. The ease of autotomy and risk-taking tendencies did not differ among habitats. These results indicate that the incidence of autotomy reflects predation failure, and the non-lethal effects of predation are more likely to occur in urban habitats.
{"title":"High incidence of leg autotomy in urban crickets","authors":"T. Kuriwada, Seiya Shindome, Yuki Tomita, M. Kawanishi","doi":"10.1163/1568539x-bja10206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/1568539x-bja10206","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Predation is an important selection pressure affecting animals. Predation has both consumptive and non-lethal effects. Because it is often difficult to estimate the extent to which non-lethal effects occur, we focused on autotomy as an indicator of non-lethal effects occurring in urban habitats. Autotomy is expected to indicate that individuals have escaped from predators. The incidence of leg autotomy in the cricket Dianemobius nigrofasciatus was compared between urban and rural habitats. The incidence of autotomy was higher in urban than in rural habitats. Failure to moult and conspecific aggressive interactions were not the main factors contributing to the incidence of autotomy in these crickets. The ease of autotomy and risk-taking tendencies did not differ among habitats. These results indicate that the incidence of autotomy reflects predation failure, and the non-lethal effects of predation are more likely to occur in urban habitats.","PeriodicalId":8822,"journal":{"name":"Behaviour","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44221043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-25DOI: 10.1163/1568539x-bja10205
Nehafta Bibi, Haitao Wang
Exploratory behaviour is one of the best-investigated behavioural traits. However, little is known about the influence of personality on novel food preferences in the social context, i.e., whether knowledge and previous experience can influence individual preference or if the presence of conspecifics can alter their choice. In the present study, we examined in cinereous tit (Parus cinereus) whether individuals with different personality types in the social context will prefer their own previously chosen novel food or change their preference in the presence of conspecifics. Second, we studied how the presence and behaviour of conspecifics may mediate individual personality. We conducted a standardized personality assay (exploratory behaviour) to analyse the individual personality. Birds were trained and provided with three different types of novel human-derived materials in both asocial and social contexts (with a conspecific). We recorded the latency to feed, time spent at the feeder, and the number of visits by fast and slow explorers in the two contexts, i.e., asocial and social. After the analyses of experimental data, we found that fast-exploring cinereous tits preferred peanuts in an asocial context, while slow explorers consumed a greater amount of sunflower seeds. In the social context, individuals of both personality types preferred peanuts to sunflower seeds. Additionally, individuals took less latency to eat food, made more visits to the feeder, and spent more time at the feeder in the social context than in the asocial context. Our findings show that foraging success may be determined by personality and social context. However, personality traits may be subject to constraints arising from correlations with other behavioural traits, and it remains a major challenge to understand the functional significance of individual foraging strategies.
{"title":"The effect of individual personality on novel food preference in a social context in the cinereous tit (Parus cinereus)","authors":"Nehafta Bibi, Haitao Wang","doi":"10.1163/1568539x-bja10205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/1568539x-bja10205","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Exploratory behaviour is one of the best-investigated behavioural traits. However, little is known about the influence of personality on novel food preferences in the social context, i.e., whether knowledge and previous experience can influence individual preference or if the presence of conspecifics can alter their choice. In the present study, we examined in cinereous tit (Parus cinereus) whether individuals with different personality types in the social context will prefer their own previously chosen novel food or change their preference in the presence of conspecifics. Second, we studied how the presence and behaviour of conspecifics may mediate individual personality. We conducted a standardized personality assay (exploratory behaviour) to analyse the individual personality. Birds were trained and provided with three different types of novel human-derived materials in both asocial and social contexts (with a conspecific). We recorded the latency to feed, time spent at the feeder, and the number of visits by fast and slow explorers in the two contexts, i.e., asocial and social. After the analyses of experimental data, we found that fast-exploring cinereous tits preferred peanuts in an asocial context, while slow explorers consumed a greater amount of sunflower seeds. In the social context, individuals of both personality types preferred peanuts to sunflower seeds. Additionally, individuals took less latency to eat food, made more visits to the feeder, and spent more time at the feeder in the social context than in the asocial context. Our findings show that foraging success may be determined by personality and social context. However, personality traits may be subject to constraints arising from correlations with other behavioural traits, and it remains a major challenge to understand the functional significance of individual foraging strategies.","PeriodicalId":8822,"journal":{"name":"Behaviour","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41458628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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