G. Vuković, T. Stojanović, B. Konstantinović, A. Petrovič, Bojana Špirović-Trifunović, D. Marinković, V. Bursić
This paper evaluates the occurrence of the TAs in 71 food products samples. The analysis comprised the following samples: 18 corn puffs, 12 popcorn, 16 corn and 25 corn grits samples, obtained from the shops in Belgrade and Novi Sad during 2019. and 2020. The overall number of the samples with the atropine and scopolamine detections below the LOQ was 61,97%. The percentage of the detection of the tropane alkaloids above the limit of quantification, which may have a negative effect on the health of humans and animals, was 29,57%. The atropine and scopolamine detections are equal in the number of corn puffs, popcorn and corn samples, while 7 samples of corn grits contained the atropine, and 6 of them contained the scopolamine. The highest mean concentrations of the atropine and scopolamine were detected in corn grits, followed by popcorn, then in the corn, while the lowest were in the corn puffs.
{"title":"Hidden risk of the presence of weed species: Tropane alkaliods in food and cereals","authors":"G. Vuković, T. Stojanović, B. Konstantinović, A. Petrovič, Bojana Špirović-Trifunović, D. Marinković, V. Bursić","doi":"10.5937/biljlek2105655v","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/biljlek2105655v","url":null,"abstract":"This paper evaluates the occurrence of the TAs in 71 food products samples. The analysis comprised the following samples: 18 corn puffs, 12 popcorn, 16 corn and 25 corn grits samples, obtained from the shops in Belgrade and Novi Sad during 2019. and 2020. The overall number of the samples with the atropine and scopolamine detections below the LOQ was 61,97%. The percentage of the detection of the tropane alkaloids above the limit of quantification, which may have a negative effect on the health of humans and animals, was 29,57%. The atropine and scopolamine detections are equal in the number of corn puffs, popcorn and corn samples, while 7 samples of corn grits contained the atropine, and 6 of them contained the scopolamine. The highest mean concentrations of the atropine and scopolamine were detected in corn grits, followed by popcorn, then in the corn, while the lowest were in the corn puffs.","PeriodicalId":8829,"journal":{"name":"Biljni lekar","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88148969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Vasić, S. Šeremešić, J. Marinković, Aleksandra Tepic-Horecki, M. Zdravković, A. Ilić, Marina Jecmenica
Dry beans belong to pulses, species from Fabaceae family. Its dry grain is used in human nutrition. It is valued as traditional and modern food and medicine, protein source, and high-energy concentrated food. It is an important crop in agricultural production and international trade of many countries, economically viable and good preceding crop. Dry beans are considered the national dish of all people from Balkans, and it is inviolable in Serbia. Crossing of important trade routes, land and climate, turbulent history, which caused frequent population migrations, led to a great divergence of bean germplasm in our area. Domestic bean populations are exceptional genetic potential for breeding of new varieties that could give satisfactory results in these environmental conditions, with the application of appropriate cultivation technology. Areas under beans in Serbia are declining. Due to short vegetation and other biological traits, bean is very intensive and sensitive crop. This is emphasized by exceptional sensitivity to polyphagous insects, as well as the presence numerous pathogens. Low average yield is affected by weather, primarily high temperatures and drought. Yields could be increased by correct and timely application of modern agronomic knowledge, irrigated cultivation, in a joint crop or by sowing as second crop.
{"title":"Production and assortment of dry beans in Serbia","authors":"M. Vasić, S. Šeremešić, J. Marinković, Aleksandra Tepic-Horecki, M. Zdravković, A. Ilić, Marina Jecmenica","doi":"10.5937/biljlek2106729v","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/biljlek2106729v","url":null,"abstract":"Dry beans belong to pulses, species from Fabaceae family. Its dry grain is used in human nutrition. It is valued as traditional and modern food and medicine, protein source, and high-energy concentrated food. It is an important crop in agricultural production and international trade of many countries, economically viable and good preceding crop. Dry beans are considered the national dish of all people from Balkans, and it is inviolable in Serbia. Crossing of important trade routes, land and climate, turbulent history, which caused frequent population migrations, led to a great divergence of bean germplasm in our area. Domestic bean populations are exceptional genetic potential for breeding of new varieties that could give satisfactory results in these environmental conditions, with the application of appropriate cultivation technology. Areas under beans in Serbia are declining. Due to short vegetation and other biological traits, bean is very intensive and sensitive crop. This is emphasized by exceptional sensitivity to polyphagous insects, as well as the presence numerous pathogens. Low average yield is affected by weather, primarily high temperatures and drought. Yields could be increased by correct and timely application of modern agronomic knowledge, irrigated cultivation, in a joint crop or by sowing as second crop.","PeriodicalId":8829,"journal":{"name":"Biljni lekar","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82796841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. and Ambrosia trifida L. belong to allochthonous invasive weeds species. They cause great damage in colonized areas because they reduce the yield of agricultural crops, and also with their competitive abilities affect the suppression of other plants and thus affect the change of plant community. As Polygonum aviculare L. is one of the most common weeds on the European continent and a very common companion of rural and urban habitats, this study examined the impact of different ratios of A. artemisiifolia and A. trifida on the occurrence and abundance of P. aviculare. Presence P. aviculare was incereased in treatments with increasing A. trifida and decreased A. artemisiifolia/m2 .
{"title":"Presence Polygonum aviculare L. in the co-association of Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. and Ambrosia trifida L","authors":"A. Savić","doi":"10.5937/biljlek2105666s","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/biljlek2105666s","url":null,"abstract":"Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. and Ambrosia trifida L. belong to allochthonous invasive weeds species. They cause great damage in colonized areas because they reduce the yield of agricultural crops, and also with their competitive abilities affect the suppression of other plants and thus affect the change of plant community. As Polygonum aviculare L. is one of the most common weeds on the European continent and a very common companion of rural and urban habitats, this study examined the impact of different ratios of A. artemisiifolia and A. trifida on the occurrence and abundance of P. aviculare. Presence P. aviculare was incereased in treatments with increasing A. trifida and decreased A. artemisiifolia/m2 .","PeriodicalId":8829,"journal":{"name":"Biljni lekar","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89639442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Leguminosae plant family comprises a large number of agricultural species, including important crops of field, vegetable and staple plants. According to the biological characteristics and significance for human consumption, the most prominent crop is bean, traditionally grown in Serbia either as dry bean or as a vegetable - green beans. Production of dry and green beans in our country have the trend of reduction of sowed areas, with small average yields and enormous international trade deficits. Due to these reasons and high domestic demand, there is great potential for dry and green bean production in Serbia. In many parts of the world, plant pathogenic fungi and fungi-like organisms cause high, and in some cases total, annual yield losses. On the other hand, mycoses of bean in our country are greatly understudied, even on basic levels such as presence and distribution of fungal pathogens. In this paper, we summarize the current knowledge on the most important pathogenic fungi infecting beans worldwide, particularly related to losses, symptomatology, survival and dispersal means. Furthermore, appropriate and available disease control measures are discussed as an encouragement and support for domestic production in obtaining high and safe yields.
{"title":"Fungal diseases of beans and green beans","authors":"A. Bulajić, M. Vojvodić, B. Tanović","doi":"10.5937/biljlek2106745b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/biljlek2106745b","url":null,"abstract":"The Leguminosae plant family comprises a large number of agricultural species, including important crops of field, vegetable and staple plants. According to the biological characteristics and significance for human consumption, the most prominent crop is bean, traditionally grown in Serbia either as dry bean or as a vegetable - green beans. Production of dry and green beans in our country have the trend of reduction of sowed areas, with small average yields and enormous international trade deficits. Due to these reasons and high domestic demand, there is great potential for dry and green bean production in Serbia. In many parts of the world, plant pathogenic fungi and fungi-like organisms cause high, and in some cases total, annual yield losses. On the other hand, mycoses of bean in our country are greatly understudied, even on basic levels such as presence and distribution of fungal pathogens. In this paper, we summarize the current knowledge on the most important pathogenic fungi infecting beans worldwide, particularly related to losses, symptomatology, survival and dispersal means. Furthermore, appropriate and available disease control measures are discussed as an encouragement and support for domestic production in obtaining high and safe yields.","PeriodicalId":8829,"journal":{"name":"Biljni lekar","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72668179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Vlajić, M. Ignjatov, D. Milošević, Z. Nikolić, S. Vasiljević
Beans are an important plant species that is grown in our agroecological conditions. One of the significant factors in the reduction and quality of yield are phytopathogenic bacteria that appear on leaves, stems, pods and seeds. Also, one of the reasons for the frequent incidence of the disease is the use of seeds that are not declared, and very often infected. In our conditions, depending on the environmental conditions, two species from the genus Xanthomonas and Pseudomonas predominantly appear. Species Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli, the causal agent of common bacterial blight is affected by warmer and wet conditions, while the species Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. phaseolicola is affected by colder weather and humid conditions. Other bacteria that appear are of minor economic importance.
{"title":"Significant bean bacteriosis","authors":"S. Vlajić, M. Ignjatov, D. Milošević, Z. Nikolić, S. Vasiljević","doi":"10.5937/biljlek2106761v","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/biljlek2106761v","url":null,"abstract":"Beans are an important plant species that is grown in our agroecological conditions. One of the significant factors in the reduction and quality of yield are phytopathogenic bacteria that appear on leaves, stems, pods and seeds. Also, one of the reasons for the frequent incidence of the disease is the use of seeds that are not declared, and very often infected. In our conditions, depending on the environmental conditions, two species from the genus Xanthomonas and Pseudomonas predominantly appear. Species Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli, the causal agent of common bacterial blight is affected by warmer and wet conditions, while the species Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. phaseolicola is affected by colder weather and humid conditions. Other bacteria that appear are of minor economic importance.","PeriodicalId":8829,"journal":{"name":"Biljni lekar","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82770516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Beneficial and harmful effects of Asclepias syriaca and possibilities of control","authors":"M. Popov, B. Konstantinović, N. Samardžić","doi":"10.5937/biljlek2002040p","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/biljlek2002040p","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8829,"journal":{"name":"Biljni lekar","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89371184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Different types of polyphagous true bug pests are present in Serbia and countries in the region, many of which stand out as significant pests of agricultural crops. Among the harmful true bugs, the green vegetable bug, Nezara viridula Linnaeus, 1758 and the brown marble bug Halyomorpha halys Stål, 1855 (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) are the species that currently attract attention the most, primarily because of their invasive and polyphagous nautre and ability to migrate rapidly from one crop to another. In many regions, where harmful bugs cause large economic losses, control strategies are primarily based on the application of chemicals. In addition to chemical control measures, biological control measures are increasingly present, which are based on the application of natural enemies of pests. Species from the genus Trissolcus (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) show the best results in the biological control of polyphagous true bug. The species that has been commercially used for many years to control harmful Hemiptera is Trissolcus basalis Wollaston, 1958, which is one of the most important natural enemies of the green vegetable bug in the World. The species Trissolcus japonicus Ashmead, 1904 and Trissolcus mitsukurii Ashmead, 1904 have been identified as the predominant parasitoids of the brown marble bug and show great potential in the biological control of this harmful species. Representatives of the genus Trissolcus are also registered on the territory of Serbia, which opens the possibility of including native species of the genus Trissolcus in the strategies of biological control of true bug pests on the territory of Serbia and the region.
{"title":"Representatives of the genus 'Trissolcus' (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) on the territory of Serbia, natural enemies of pests of Pentatomidae family (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)","authors":"A. Ivezić, B. Trudić, A. Ignjatović-Ćupina","doi":"10.5937/biljlek2201014i","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/biljlek2201014i","url":null,"abstract":"Different types of polyphagous true bug pests are present in Serbia and countries in the region, many of which stand out as significant pests of agricultural crops. Among the harmful true bugs, the green vegetable bug, Nezara viridula Linnaeus, 1758 and the brown marble bug Halyomorpha halys Stål, 1855 (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) are the species that currently attract attention the most, primarily because of their invasive and polyphagous nautre and ability to migrate rapidly from one crop to another. In many regions, where harmful bugs cause large economic losses, control strategies are primarily based on the application of chemicals. In addition to chemical control measures, biological control measures are increasingly present, which are based on the application of natural enemies of pests. Species from the genus Trissolcus (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) show the best results in the biological control of polyphagous true bug. The species that has been commercially used for many years to control harmful Hemiptera is Trissolcus basalis Wollaston, 1958, which is one of the most important natural enemies of the green vegetable bug in the World. The species Trissolcus japonicus Ashmead, 1904 and Trissolcus mitsukurii Ashmead, 1904 have been identified as the predominant parasitoids of the brown marble bug and show great potential in the biological control of this harmful species. Representatives of the genus Trissolcus are also registered on the territory of Serbia, which opens the possibility of including native species of the genus Trissolcus in the strategies of biological control of true bug pests on the territory of Serbia and the region.","PeriodicalId":8829,"journal":{"name":"Biljni lekar","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73689123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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