Pub Date : 2011-07-06DOI: 10.2174/1874279301005010036
O. Demikhova, E. Karamov
This report details the main findings of research of latest available data concerning epidemiological status of human immunodeficiency virus/ acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) and M. tuberculosis (MTB) infections as well as HIV/MTB co-infection in support of Russian Federation (RF) Country Report for the EUCO-Net project on global cooperation in the field of HIV and MTB. In addition to epidemiological analysis this report presents the list of publications concerning epidemiological researches of referred above infections in RF and some other information. The research was undertaken in the period from 2008 to March 2010. The report concludes that the number of tuberculosis (TB) patients with HIV in RF is not great, but is rapidly growing and enhancement of efforts directed on fight against this co-infection are crucially needed.
{"title":"The Situation of HIV/M. tuberculosis Co-Infection in Russia","authors":"O. Demikhova, E. Karamov","doi":"10.2174/1874279301005010036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874279301005010036","url":null,"abstract":"This report details the main findings of research of latest available data concerning epidemiological status of human immunodeficiency virus/ acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) and M. tuberculosis (MTB) infections as well as HIV/MTB co-infection in support of Russian Federation (RF) Country Report for the EUCO-Net project on global cooperation in the field of HIV and MTB. In addition to epidemiological analysis this report presents the list of publications concerning epidemiological researches of referred above infections in RF and some other information. The research was undertaken in the period from 2008 to March 2010. The report concludes that the number of tuberculosis (TB) patients with HIV in RF is not great, but is rapidly growing and enhancement of efforts directed on fight against this co-infection are crucially needed.","PeriodicalId":88330,"journal":{"name":"The open infectious diseases journal","volume":"5 1","pages":"36-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68059546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-07-06DOI: 10.2174/1874279301005010081
V. Ritacco, M. Morgado, L. Garcia
The work summarizes the results of a survey on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) situation that was undertaken within the frame of the EC FP7 EucoNet project. Updated data on HIV infection, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and tuberculosis (TB) in South America are presented as well as a state of the art regarding disease management and research activities in 10 countries: Argentina, Brazil, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay and Venezuela. The average HIV prevalence is 0.5- 140/100,000) whereas Chile, Uruguay and Venezuela bear the lowest (prevalence <25/100,000). HIV prevalence in incident TB cases ranges between 3% and 15% and mortality attributable to HIV/MTB co-infection is <1/100,000. All countries run national HIV/AIDS and TB control programmes with various degrees of efficiency and data availability/reliability. Diagnosis and treatment are free of charge and all countries adhere to diagnosis and treatment standards for TB and HIV/AIDS according to World Health Organisation guidelines. The main weaknesses are related to insufficient involvement of government administrations, poverty-related pockets of HIV/MTB co-infection in urban/suburban settings and lack of interaction between HIV/AIDS and TB programmes. Funds for HIV/AIDS are disproportionally higher than those allocated to TB and there is hardly any investment in the dual infection. Challenges and priority areas for research are presented, as stated by the South American experts at the EucoNet Workshop "Clinical and translational aspects of HIV/MTB co-infection" held in Stellenbosch, South Africa on July 23-24, 2009.
{"title":"The Situation of HIV/Mycobacterium tuberculosis Co-Infection in South America","authors":"V. Ritacco, M. Morgado, L. Garcia","doi":"10.2174/1874279301005010081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874279301005010081","url":null,"abstract":"The work summarizes the results of a survey on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) situation that was undertaken within the frame of the EC FP7 EucoNet project. Updated data on HIV infection, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and tuberculosis (TB) in South America are presented as well as a state of the art regarding disease management and research activities in 10 countries: Argentina, Brazil, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay and Venezuela. The average HIV prevalence is 0.5- 140/100,000) whereas Chile, Uruguay and Venezuela bear the lowest (prevalence <25/100,000). HIV prevalence in incident TB cases ranges between 3% and 15% and mortality attributable to HIV/MTB co-infection is <1/100,000. All countries run national HIV/AIDS and TB control programmes with various degrees of efficiency and data availability/reliability. Diagnosis and treatment are free of charge and all countries adhere to diagnosis and treatment standards for TB and HIV/AIDS according to World Health Organisation guidelines. The main weaknesses are related to insufficient involvement of government administrations, poverty-related pockets of HIV/MTB co-infection in urban/suburban settings and lack of interaction between HIV/AIDS and TB programmes. Funds for HIV/AIDS are disproportionally higher than those allocated to TB and there is hardly any investment in the dual infection. Challenges and priority areas for research are presented, as stated by the South American experts at the EucoNet Workshop \"Clinical and translational aspects of HIV/MTB co-infection\" held in Stellenbosch, South Africa on July 23-24, 2009.","PeriodicalId":88330,"journal":{"name":"The open infectious diseases journal","volume":"5 1","pages":"81-88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68059571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-06-29DOI: 10.2174/1874279301105010097
L. Taylor, Melissa Gaitanis, C. Beckwith
In February 2010, Mr. R, a 49-year-old male with wellcontrolled HIV infection on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), was referred to our HIV/viral hepatitis coinfection clinic for evaluation of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. While he was worried about the degree of damage to his liver and whether HCV treatment was indicated, his greatest concern was for his wife. The couple had been having unprotected intercourse since they were teenagers, and Mr. R feared that his 47-year-old wife was infected with HIV. Mrs. R was diagnosed with chronic HCV years earlier and was under the care of a highly regarded gastroenterologist. This physician recommended liver biopsy with pharmacotherapy for HCV but had not tested Mrs. R for HIV.
{"title":"Commentary: A Call for Routine HIV Testing Among Patients with Hepatitis C Virus Infection","authors":"L. Taylor, Melissa Gaitanis, C. Beckwith","doi":"10.2174/1874279301105010097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874279301105010097","url":null,"abstract":"In February 2010, Mr. R, a 49-year-old male with wellcontrolled HIV infection on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), was referred to our HIV/viral hepatitis coinfection clinic for evaluation of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. While he was worried about the degree of damage to his liver and whether HCV treatment was indicated, his greatest concern was for his wife. The couple had been having unprotected intercourse since they were teenagers, and Mr. R feared that his 47-year-old wife was infected with HIV. Mrs. R was diagnosed with chronic HCV years earlier and was under the care of a highly regarded gastroenterologist. This physician recommended liver biopsy with pharmacotherapy for HCV but had not tested Mrs. R for HIV.","PeriodicalId":88330,"journal":{"name":"The open infectious diseases journal","volume":"5 1","pages":"97-98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68059272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-06-20DOI: 10.2174/1874279301105010019
L. Taylor, Melissa Gaitanis, C. Beckwith
In February 2010, Mr. R, a 49-year-old male with wellcontrolled HIV infection on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), was referred to our HIV/viral hepatitis coinfection clinic for evaluation of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. While he was worried about the degree of damage to his liver and whether HCV treatment was indicated, his greatest concern was for his wife. The couple had been having unprotected intercourse since they were teenagers, and Mr. R feared that his 47-year-old wife was infected with HIV. Mrs. R was diagnosed with chronic HCV years earlier and was under the care of a highly regarded gastroenterologist. This physician recommended liver biopsy with pharmacotherapy for HCV but had not tested Mrs. R for HIV.
{"title":"A Call for Routine HIV Testing Among Patients with Hepatitis C Virus Infection","authors":"L. Taylor, Melissa Gaitanis, C. Beckwith","doi":"10.2174/1874279301105010019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874279301105010019","url":null,"abstract":"In February 2010, Mr. R, a 49-year-old male with wellcontrolled HIV infection on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), was referred to our HIV/viral hepatitis coinfection clinic for evaluation of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. While he was worried about the degree of damage to his liver and whether HCV treatment was indicated, his greatest concern was for his wife. The couple had been having unprotected intercourse since they were teenagers, and Mr. R feared that his 47-year-old wife was infected with HIV. Mrs. R was diagnosed with chronic HCV years earlier and was under the care of a highly regarded gastroenterologist. This physician recommended liver biopsy with pharmacotherapy for HCV but had not tested Mrs. R for HIV.","PeriodicalId":88330,"journal":{"name":"The open infectious diseases journal","volume":"5 1","pages":"19-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68059711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-06-06DOI: 10.2174/1874279301105010091
B. Fuller, Veronica L. Rodriguez, A. Linke, P. Hauser
Objective: This retrospective study analyzed the testing rates of individuals enrolled in the Hepatitis C Clinical Case Registry for the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) in order to determine Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) co-testing rates for veterans with hepatitis C (HCV). Design: A chart review of 247,006 veterans enrolled in the National HCV Clinical Case Registry was examined retrospectively. Regression analysis identified factors that increased the probability of being tested for HIV. Methods: Simple odds ratios and a complex regression were applied to this dataset to calculate testing incidence and prevalence of HIV. Results: Only approximately one third of veterans with HCV were tested for HIV and, of these, 13.2% were positive. Sixty eight percent of veterans with HCV were not co-tested for HIV and within this group there may be a significant number of unidentified cases of HIV. Veterans with severe mental illness, substance use disorders and marijuana abuse/dependence treatment were more likely to be tested for HIV. Antiviral therapy for HCV had no impact on likelihood of co-testing prior to treatment initiation. Conclusions: Most veterans with HCV are not co-tested for HIV despite common risk factors for HIV and HCV infection. Mandatory testing for HIV, at least among veterans with HCV, as well as identification and removal of barriers to HIV testing within the VHA would serve to facilitate disease management for veterans in the future.
{"title":"HIV Co-Testing Among Veterans with Chronic Hepatitis C in the Veterans Health Administration","authors":"B. Fuller, Veronica L. Rodriguez, A. Linke, P. Hauser","doi":"10.2174/1874279301105010091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874279301105010091","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This retrospective study analyzed the testing rates of individuals enrolled in the Hepatitis C Clinical Case Registry for the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) in order to determine Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) co-testing rates for veterans with hepatitis C (HCV). Design: A chart review of 247,006 veterans enrolled in the National HCV Clinical Case Registry was examined retrospectively. Regression analysis identified factors that increased the probability of being tested for HIV. Methods: Simple odds ratios and a complex regression were applied to this dataset to calculate testing incidence and prevalence of HIV. Results: Only approximately one third of veterans with HCV were tested for HIV and, of these, 13.2% were positive. Sixty eight percent of veterans with HCV were not co-tested for HIV and within this group there may be a significant number of unidentified cases of HIV. Veterans with severe mental illness, substance use disorders and marijuana abuse/dependence treatment were more likely to be tested for HIV. Antiviral therapy for HCV had no impact on likelihood of co-testing prior to treatment initiation. Conclusions: Most veterans with HCV are not co-tested for HIV despite common risk factors for HIV and HCV infection. Mandatory testing for HIV, at least among veterans with HCV, as well as identification and removal of barriers to HIV testing within the VHA would serve to facilitate disease management for veterans in the future.","PeriodicalId":88330,"journal":{"name":"The open infectious diseases journal","volume":"5 1","pages":"91-96"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68059258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-03-24DOI: 10.2174/1874279301105010008
M. Kechagia, S. Mitka, E. Papadogiannaki, V. Kontos, C. Koutis
Objectives: Human brucellosis is a common zoonosis in Greece and an important Public Health issue. Its true incidence is likely to be higher than reported due to underreporting and misdiagnosing of chronic forms which can manifest with depression and other neuropsychiatric symptoms. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible presence of Brucella DNA in the blood of patients with emotional disorders who did not have acute brucellosis or a diagnosis of chronic brucellosis. Methods: From March 2009 to May 2009, inhabitants of a Greek region endemic for brucellosis were examined and grouped as "patients" and "controls" respectively on the basis of the presence or absence of a diagnosis of emotional disorder. A total of 78 whole blood samples were obtained and analyzed by Polymerase Chain Reaction using specific primers. Results: Brucella DNA was detected in 3 (15%) out of 20 patients with emotional disorders, whereas all controls were found to be negative. Conclusions: The appearance of psychiatric - mainly depressive - symptoms in inhabitants of brucellosis endemic areas should raise a suspicion of chronic brucellosis.
{"title":"Molecular Detection of Brucella spp. DNA in Patients with Manifestations Compatible with Emotional Disorders","authors":"M. Kechagia, S. Mitka, E. Papadogiannaki, V. Kontos, C. Koutis","doi":"10.2174/1874279301105010008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874279301105010008","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Human brucellosis is a common zoonosis in Greece and an important Public Health issue. Its true incidence is likely to be higher than reported due to underreporting and misdiagnosing of chronic forms which can manifest with depression and other neuropsychiatric symptoms. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible presence of Brucella DNA in the blood of patients with emotional disorders who did not have acute brucellosis or a diagnosis of chronic brucellosis. Methods: From March 2009 to May 2009, inhabitants of a Greek region endemic for brucellosis were examined and grouped as \"patients\" and \"controls\" respectively on the basis of the presence or absence of a diagnosis of emotional disorder. A total of 78 whole blood samples were obtained and analyzed by Polymerase Chain Reaction using specific primers. Results: Brucella DNA was detected in 3 (15%) out of 20 patients with emotional disorders, whereas all controls were found to be negative. Conclusions: The appearance of psychiatric - mainly depressive - symptoms in inhabitants of brucellosis endemic areas should raise a suspicion of chronic brucellosis.","PeriodicalId":88330,"journal":{"name":"The open infectious diseases journal","volume":"4 1","pages":"8-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68059649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-02-23DOI: 10.2174/1874279301105010006
David W Brown
Immunisation coverage targets have had a central role in global immunisation efforts. There is a growing focus on achievement of immunisation coverage targets by national immunisation programmes, particularly where targets are included as part of performance based funding arrangements. However, immunisation coverage targets should not become a distraction to national immunisation programme managers whereby short run forces to lead to a shift or abandonment of technically appropriate and sustainable activities in a country.
{"title":"Keeping Immunisation Coverage Targets in Perspective","authors":"David W Brown","doi":"10.2174/1874279301105010006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874279301105010006","url":null,"abstract":"Immunisation coverage targets have had a central role in global immunisation efforts. There is a growing focus on achievement of immunisation coverage targets by national immunisation programmes, particularly where targets are included as part of performance based funding arrangements. However, immunisation coverage targets should not become a distraction to national immunisation programme managers whereby short run forces to lead to a shift or abandonment of technically appropriate and sustainable activities in a country.","PeriodicalId":88330,"journal":{"name":"The open infectious diseases journal","volume":"5 1","pages":"6-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68059637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-01-13DOI: 10.2174/1874279301105010001
I. Izzo, L. Biasi, M. Mendeni, K. Prestini, A. Vavassori, E. Focà, E. Quiros-Roldan, G. Carosi, C. Torti
Background: HIV positive patients may be affected by hypertransaminasemia notwithstanding they are not co- infected with HCV and HBV. Aims: To understand the causes of this abnormality and what correlates are in terms of ultrasonic transient elastography (UTE) and ultrasonography (U) features and fibrosis scores. Methods: HIV positive patients with hypertransaminasemia have been studied. They underwent UTE and U. Non-invasive fibrosis scores (APRI and FIB-4) were calculated. Moreover, they underwent immunological and virological tests to exclude known causes of liver damage (including alcohol abuse). Results: Among 24 patients, 3 presented a progressive fibrosis at UTE. 3/3 with progressive fibrosis and further 14 patients among the entire sample had steatosis at U. Using non-invasive fibrosis scores, no patients had significant fibrosis, while 5 patients had mild fibrosis. 14 patients had hepatomegaly independently from steatosis. One patient has progressive fibrosis at UTE and mild fibrosis at both APRI and FIB-4, while 2 patients had fibrosis only at UTE, 2 only at APRI and 1 at both APRI and FIB-4, but not at UTE. Alcoholaemia was negative in all patients, confirming anamnestic information. No other causes of liver disease were found. Conclusions: In this series, more than 50% of patients had steatosis at U. Discordance between the non-invasive methods to estimate liver fibrosis were found. Further prospective studies are necessary to assess concordance between these methods and liver biopsy and assess the prognostic value of UTE, APRI and FIB-4 for liver complications in HIV mono- infected patients so as to improve diagnostic algorithms.
{"title":"The Use of Ultrasonography, Transient Elastography, APRI and FIB-4 to Measure Liver Steatosis and Fibrosis in HIV-Positive Patients Not Co- Infected with Hepatitis Viruses with Hypertransaminasemia of Unknown Etiology on HAART","authors":"I. Izzo, L. Biasi, M. Mendeni, K. Prestini, A. Vavassori, E. Focà, E. Quiros-Roldan, G. Carosi, C. Torti","doi":"10.2174/1874279301105010001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874279301105010001","url":null,"abstract":"Background: HIV positive patients may be affected by hypertransaminasemia notwithstanding they are not co- infected with HCV and HBV. Aims: To understand the causes of this abnormality and what correlates are in terms of ultrasonic transient elastography (UTE) and ultrasonography (U) features and fibrosis scores. Methods: HIV positive patients with hypertransaminasemia have been studied. They underwent UTE and U. Non-invasive fibrosis scores (APRI and FIB-4) were calculated. Moreover, they underwent immunological and virological tests to exclude known causes of liver damage (including alcohol abuse). Results: Among 24 patients, 3 presented a progressive fibrosis at UTE. 3/3 with progressive fibrosis and further 14 patients among the entire sample had steatosis at U. Using non-invasive fibrosis scores, no patients had significant fibrosis, while 5 patients had mild fibrosis. 14 patients had hepatomegaly independently from steatosis. One patient has progressive fibrosis at UTE and mild fibrosis at both APRI and FIB-4, while 2 patients had fibrosis only at UTE, 2 only at APRI and 1 at both APRI and FIB-4, but not at UTE. Alcoholaemia was negative in all patients, confirming anamnestic information. No other causes of liver disease were found. Conclusions: In this series, more than 50% of patients had steatosis at U. Discordance between the non-invasive methods to estimate liver fibrosis were found. Further prospective studies are necessary to assess concordance between these methods and liver biopsy and assess the prognostic value of UTE, APRI and FIB-4 for liver complications in HIV mono- infected patients so as to improve diagnostic algorithms.","PeriodicalId":88330,"journal":{"name":"The open infectious diseases journal","volume":"5 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68059595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-09-15DOI: 10.2174/1874279301004010031
Sandro Vento
{"title":"Editorial-Challenges in Infectious Diseases in Low and Middle-Income Countries","authors":"Sandro Vento","doi":"10.2174/1874279301004010031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874279301004010031","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":88330,"journal":{"name":"The open infectious diseases journal","volume":"41 1","pages":"31-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68058339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-09-15DOI: 10.2174/1874279301004010055
E. Gómez, S. C. Zoth, E. Carrillo, A. Berinstein
Vaccination has been extensively used to prevent, eradicate and control infectious diseases. However, the development and implementation of new vaccines remains prohibitively expensive for middle and low income countries where such measures are surely needed most. The production of plant-based vaccines provides a promising alternative to create affordable biological products. In the past decade, a growing number of research groups worldwide have studied plant expression and parenteral or oral delivery of vaccine antigens, some showing promising potential. Here, we describe the basis of the system and the state of the art of developments regarding diseases of concern in developing countries.
{"title":"Developments in Plant-Based Vaccines Against Diseases of Concern inDeveloping Countries","authors":"E. Gómez, S. C. Zoth, E. Carrillo, A. Berinstein","doi":"10.2174/1874279301004010055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874279301004010055","url":null,"abstract":"Vaccination has been extensively used to prevent, eradicate and control infectious diseases. However, the development and implementation of new vaccines remains prohibitively expensive for middle and low income countries where such measures are surely needed most. The production of plant-based vaccines provides a promising alternative to create affordable biological products. In the past decade, a growing number of research groups worldwide have studied plant expression and parenteral or oral delivery of vaccine antigens, some showing promising potential. Here, we describe the basis of the system and the state of the art of developments regarding diseases of concern in developing countries.","PeriodicalId":88330,"journal":{"name":"The open infectious diseases journal","volume":"4 1","pages":"55-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68058437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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