Pub Date : 2011-10-26DOI: 10.2174/1874279301105010118
F. Cainelli, Mpho A. Setime
Introduction of clinical guidelines and algorithms, and technical advances in laboratory tests and imaging techniques have apparently improved diagnostic capabilities in infectious diseases substantially in the last three decades, and autopsies and post-mortem studies are seemingly unwarranted in nowadays infectious disease practice. Is this really true?
{"title":"A Return to the Past: The Vital Importance of Autopsies for Infectious Disease Practice in 2011","authors":"F. Cainelli, Mpho A. Setime","doi":"10.2174/1874279301105010118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874279301105010118","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction of clinical guidelines and algorithms, and technical advances in laboratory tests and imaging techniques have apparently improved diagnostic capabilities in infectious diseases substantially in the last three decades, and autopsies and post-mortem studies are seemingly unwarranted in nowadays infectious disease practice. Is this really true?","PeriodicalId":88330,"journal":{"name":"The open infectious diseases journal","volume":"5 1","pages":"118-119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68060283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-10-14DOI: 10.2174/1874279301105010115
David W Brown, A. Burton, M. Gacic-Dobo, Rouslan I. Karimov
This brief report summarizes the 2010 revision (July 2011) of the WHO and UNICEF estimates of national routine immunization coverage. In spite of improvements in immunization coverage (DTP3: 74% during 2000 vs 85% during 2010; MCV: 72% during 2000 vs 85% during 2010), the benefits of vaccination continue to elude many of the world’s children suggesting the need for a renewed commitment and investment in routine immunization programmes
{"title":"A Summary of Global Routine Immunization Coverage Through 2010","authors":"David W Brown, A. Burton, M. Gacic-Dobo, Rouslan I. Karimov","doi":"10.2174/1874279301105010115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874279301105010115","url":null,"abstract":"This brief report summarizes the 2010 revision (July 2011) of the WHO and UNICEF estimates of national routine immunization coverage. In spite of improvements in immunization coverage (DTP3: 74% during 2000 vs 85% during 2010; MCV: 72% during 2000 vs 85% during 2010), the benefits of vaccination continue to elude many of the world’s children suggesting the need for a renewed commitment and investment in routine immunization programmes","PeriodicalId":88330,"journal":{"name":"The open infectious diseases journal","volume":"5 1","pages":"115-117"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68060243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-09-30DOI: 10.2174/1874279301105010107
B. Christenson, B. Ardung, S. Sylvan
The epidemiology of community-acquired (CA) and health care-associated (HCA) Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections were investigated in a prospective 3-year (2004-2006) surveillance study in Uppsala County. MRSA was isolated from all patients with soft tissue lesions attending hospitals and primary care clinics, as well as by systematic screening, regardless of symptoms, from all patients seeking medical care who had been treated abroad. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and spa typing were performed. The Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) gene and resistance profiles were recognised. The cost of bacterial analysis was calculated. During the surveillance period, isolates were collected from 7 967 individuals of whom 82 were colonised or infected with MRSA. (24 HCA and 58 CA). A majority (65%) of the MRSA isolates originating outside Sweden. The isolates could be assigned into nine well-known international clones. The most frequent clone was CC8 (32%) within four clusters were identified and equally distributed between HCA and CA-isolates. The next most frequent clone was CC80 (DK E97-1) (23%) only discovered in CA isolates. Resistance to antibiotics other than � -lactams was found in 25% of the domestic isolates and in 60 % of isolates originating abroad. None of the HCA isolates carried the virulence determinant PVL gene. There was no spread of MRSA in the community or in hospitals during the surveillance period. Most domestic cases had certain risk factors. Travellers from or family relatives in the Middle East or Asia were highly overrepresented. To save costs selected screening is recommended.
{"title":"Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Infections in Uppsala County, Sweden","authors":"B. Christenson, B. Ardung, S. Sylvan","doi":"10.2174/1874279301105010107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874279301105010107","url":null,"abstract":"The epidemiology of community-acquired (CA) and health care-associated (HCA) Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections were investigated in a prospective 3-year (2004-2006) surveillance study in Uppsala County. MRSA was isolated from all patients with soft tissue lesions attending hospitals and primary care clinics, as well as by systematic screening, regardless of symptoms, from all patients seeking medical care who had been treated abroad. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and spa typing were performed. The Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) gene and resistance profiles were recognised. The cost of bacterial analysis was calculated. During the surveillance period, isolates were collected from 7 967 individuals of whom 82 were colonised or infected with MRSA. (24 HCA and 58 CA). A majority (65%) of the MRSA isolates originating outside Sweden. The isolates could be assigned into nine well-known international clones. The most frequent clone was CC8 (32%) within four clusters were identified and equally distributed between HCA and CA-isolates. The next most frequent clone was CC80 (DK E97-1) (23%) only discovered in CA isolates. Resistance to antibiotics other than � -lactams was found in 25% of the domestic isolates and in 60 % of isolates originating abroad. None of the HCA isolates carried the virulence determinant PVL gene. There was no spread of MRSA in the community or in hospitals during the surveillance period. Most domestic cases had certain risk factors. Travellers from or family relatives in the Middle East or Asia were highly overrepresented. To save costs selected screening is recommended.","PeriodicalId":88330,"journal":{"name":"The open infectious diseases journal","volume":"5 1","pages":"107-114"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68060227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-07-28DOI: 10.2174/1874279301105010099
R. W. Wieten, M. Vugt, F. V. Leth, M. Grobusch
Malaria continues to pose a major public health threat in endemic areas. However, times are changing, and many investments have been made in recent years into funding of malaria research, the development of more and improved control tools, and applying those to the field. Consequently, there is a renewed interest in going as far as considering the prospects of malaria elimination on a global scale. This goal cannot be reached without optimising and combining biotechnical, economical and social anthropological aspects. A symposium held on 25 January 2011 in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, organised by the Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development, the Center for Infection and Immunity Amsterdam and the Academic Medical Center of the University of Amsterdam, focused on malaria and the malERA eradication program, summarizing the state of the art in malaria control and beyond, and offering insight into the various possible ways forward. This manuscript summarizes the information presented and the ensuing
{"title":"Highlights of a symposium, Malaria: Where are we today, where are we going?","authors":"R. W. Wieten, M. Vugt, F. V. Leth, M. Grobusch","doi":"10.2174/1874279301105010099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874279301105010099","url":null,"abstract":"Malaria continues to pose a major public health threat in endemic areas. However, times are changing, and many investments have been made in recent years into funding of malaria research, the development of more and improved control tools, and applying those to the field. Consequently, there is a renewed interest in going as far as considering the prospects of malaria elimination on a global scale. This goal cannot be reached without optimising and combining biotechnical, economical and social anthropological aspects. A symposium held on 25 January 2011 in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, organised by the Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development, the Center for Infection and Immunity Amsterdam and the Academic Medical Center of the University of Amsterdam, focused on malaria and the malERA eradication program, summarizing the state of the art in malaria control and beyond, and offering insight into the various possible ways forward. This manuscript summarizes the information presented and the ensuing","PeriodicalId":88330,"journal":{"name":"The open infectious diseases journal","volume":"5 1","pages":"99-106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68059314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-07-06DOI: 10.2174/1874279301105010014
M. A. Álvarez, P. Arbeláez, Francisco I. Bastos, B. Berkhout, B. Bhattacharya, G. Bocharov, V. Chereshnev, P. Cuchí, M. Däumer, O. Demikhova, K. Feldmann, L. Garcia, C. Giehl, Akash Gulalia, B. Kampmann, E. Karamov, P. Kebaabetswe, Mikhail Kiselev, A. Knellwolf, A. Kritski, C. Lange, C. López-Galíndez, Albert Makone, Anandi Martin, H. Mayanja-Kizza, R. McNerney, A. Meyerhans, G. Migliori, M. Morgado, J. Nachega, B. Ngwira, M. Odermarsky, M. Ota, J. Palomino, G. Pfyffer, W. Preiser, V. Ritacco, J. Robledo, C. Rodrigues, H. Salomón, S. Samper, Jorge Sanchez, M. Sester, P. Seth, Boniswa Seti, I. Sidorovich, R. Singla, L. Sonnier, C. Torti, E. Tortoli, Wim Vandevelde, S. Vella, V. Veloso, H. Briesen, K. Walia, G. Walzl, C. Wingfield
MS is funded by the EU; AM is funded by the EU and the Bill and Melinda Gates foundation. The EUCO-Net project leading to these results has received funding from the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme.
{"title":"Research priorities for HIV/M. tuberculosis co-infection","authors":"M. A. Álvarez, P. Arbeláez, Francisco I. Bastos, B. Berkhout, B. Bhattacharya, G. Bocharov, V. Chereshnev, P. Cuchí, M. Däumer, O. Demikhova, K. Feldmann, L. Garcia, C. Giehl, Akash Gulalia, B. Kampmann, E. Karamov, P. Kebaabetswe, Mikhail Kiselev, A. Knellwolf, A. Kritski, C. Lange, C. López-Galíndez, Albert Makone, Anandi Martin, H. Mayanja-Kizza, R. McNerney, A. Meyerhans, G. Migliori, M. Morgado, J. Nachega, B. Ngwira, M. Odermarsky, M. Ota, J. Palomino, G. Pfyffer, W. Preiser, V. Ritacco, J. Robledo, C. Rodrigues, H. Salomón, S. Samper, Jorge Sanchez, M. Sester, P. Seth, Boniswa Seti, I. Sidorovich, R. Singla, L. Sonnier, C. Torti, E. Tortoli, Wim Vandevelde, S. Vella, V. Veloso, H. Briesen, K. Walia, G. Walzl, C. Wingfield","doi":"10.2174/1874279301105010014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874279301105010014","url":null,"abstract":"MS is funded by the EU; AM is funded by the EU and the Bill and Melinda Gates foundation. The EUCO-Net project leading to these results has received funding from the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme.","PeriodicalId":88330,"journal":{"name":"The open infectious diseases journal","volume":"63 1","pages":"14-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68059698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-07-06DOI: 10.2174/1874279301005010021
C. Giehl, R. B. Roy, A. Knellwolf
This article provides an overview of the situation of HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis (TB), and HIV/MTB co-infection in the 27 member states of the European Union (EU27), prepared in the context of the FP7 project EUCO-Net (European Network for global cooperation in the field of AIDS & TB). Information contained herein, together with similar reports compiled for the four other EUCO-Net partner regions Africa, India, Russia, and South America provided the basis for the development of the EUCO-Net AIDS/TB Roadmap, a document which was compiled to support and facilitate the development of national, regional, and global research priorities and health policies, and to help boost international cooperation aimed at combating the scourge of HIV/AIDS, TB, and their deadly combination. A comprehensive overview of the national situation in all 27 EU member states is a prerequisite for effective disease management and adequate priority setting in research and development (R&D) activities in Europe. Therefore, results presented here include demographic and epidemiological data on HIV and MTB infection, both separately and combined, as well as information concerning disease management such as diagnostics, resistance testing, treatment, and associated economic costs. Results of the primary data collection were presented at the "AIDS/TB workshop on research challenges and opportunities for future collaboration" at the University of Stellenbosch, South Africa, in July 2009, which brought together more than 60 scientists from Europe and all EUCO-Net target regions to discuss future joint AIDS/TB research. In this context, intercultural aspects that may hamper cross-national cooperation and research in these fields such as language barriers, different ethical regulations, or operational challenges were also taken into account. The article concludes by summarizing the jointly identified key areas to improve disease management within the EU and by recommending priority areas for future AIDS/TB research in Europe.
{"title":"The Situation of HIV/M. tuberculosis Co-Infection in Europe","authors":"C. Giehl, R. B. Roy, A. Knellwolf","doi":"10.2174/1874279301005010021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874279301005010021","url":null,"abstract":"This article provides an overview of the situation of HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis (TB), and HIV/MTB co-infection in the 27 member states of the European Union (EU27), prepared in the context of the FP7 project EUCO-Net (European Network for global cooperation in the field of AIDS & TB). Information contained herein, together with similar reports compiled for the four other EUCO-Net partner regions Africa, India, Russia, and South America provided the basis for the development of the EUCO-Net AIDS/TB Roadmap, a document which was compiled to support and facilitate the development of national, regional, and global research priorities and health policies, and to help boost international cooperation aimed at combating the scourge of HIV/AIDS, TB, and their deadly combination. A comprehensive overview of the national situation in all 27 EU member states is a prerequisite for effective disease management and adequate priority setting in research and development (R&D) activities in Europe. Therefore, results presented here include demographic and epidemiological data on HIV and MTB infection, both separately and combined, as well as information concerning disease management such as diagnostics, resistance testing, treatment, and associated economic costs. Results of the primary data collection were presented at the \"AIDS/TB workshop on research challenges and opportunities for future collaboration\" at the University of Stellenbosch, South Africa, in July 2009, which brought together more than 60 scientists from Europe and all EUCO-Net target regions to discuss future joint AIDS/TB research. In this context, intercultural aspects that may hamper cross-national cooperation and research in these fields such as language barriers, different ethical regulations, or operational challenges were also taken into account. The article concludes by summarizing the jointly identified key areas to improve disease management within the EU and by recommending priority areas for future AIDS/TB research in Europe.","PeriodicalId":88330,"journal":{"name":"The open infectious diseases journal","volume":"10 1","pages":"21-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68059481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-07-06DOI: 10.2174/1874279301105010013
M. Sester, C. Giehl, B. Kampmann, A. Meyerhans
(MTB). These pathogens induce the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and tuberculosis (TB), two major communicable diseases with severe public health impact worldwide. Estimates of the World Health Organisation (WHO) and UNAIDS reveal a frightening prevalence: around 33 million individuals are infected with HIV and one third of the world’s population carries MTB. While both infections are representing global public health problems in their own right, their combination is particularly threatening due to considerable mutual interactions: In HIV-positive individuals infected by MTB, the risk to develop active TB is 21-37 times higher than that of the HIV-negative population [1]. As a consequence, TB has become the leading cause of mortality for people living with HIV/AIDS, even in regions where highly active antiretroviral therapy (ART) has been implemented, and HIV is the most potent force driving the TB epidemic in countries with a high prevalence of HIV infection. Currently, this “cursed duet” of AIDS/TB is exerting its detrimental effects in settings where HIV and MTB prevalence is highest (such as in Sub-Saharan Africa, India, Russia or Latin America) and where multidrug- (MDR) and extensively drug resistant TB (XDR-TB) are present [2-4]. In this context, the European Union financed a multi-national support action named “EUCO-Net” (http://www.euco-net.eu) after Robert Koch's discovery of the tubercle bacillus: the new
{"title":"World-Wide Challenges and Perspectives for Handling HIV/Mycobacterium tuberculosis Co-Infections","authors":"M. Sester, C. Giehl, B. Kampmann, A. Meyerhans","doi":"10.2174/1874279301105010013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874279301105010013","url":null,"abstract":"(MTB). These pathogens induce the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and tuberculosis (TB), two major communicable diseases with severe public health impact worldwide. Estimates of the World Health Organisation (WHO) and UNAIDS reveal a frightening prevalence: around 33 million individuals are infected with HIV and one third of the world’s population carries MTB. While both infections are representing global public health problems in their own right, their combination is particularly threatening due to considerable mutual interactions: In HIV-positive individuals infected by MTB, the risk to develop active TB is 21-37 times higher than that of the HIV-negative population [1]. As a consequence, TB has become the leading cause of mortality for people living with HIV/AIDS, even in regions where highly active antiretroviral therapy (ART) has been implemented, and HIV is the most potent force driving the TB epidemic in countries with a high prevalence of HIV infection. Currently, this “cursed duet” of AIDS/TB is exerting its detrimental effects in settings where HIV and MTB prevalence is highest (such as in Sub-Saharan Africa, India, Russia or Latin America) and where multidrug- (MDR) and extensively drug resistant TB (XDR-TB) are present [2-4]. In this context, the European Union financed a multi-national support action named “EUCO-Net” (http://www.euco-net.eu) after Robert Koch's discovery of the tubercle bacillus: the new","PeriodicalId":88330,"journal":{"name":"The open infectious diseases journal","volume":"5 1","pages":"13-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68059660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-07-06DOI: 10.2174/1874279301005010051
P. Seth
In November 2008, European Commission initiated a collaborative research and information dissemination project entitled "European Network for global cooperation in the field of AIDS and TB (EUCO-Net)" involving Institutions in Europe (Germany, Belgium, Italy), Latin America (Brazil, Argentina, Colombia), Russia, South Africa, and India with the following objectives: a) to provide an overview of the state of art in HIV and TB research and disease management in different partner countries; b) to identify global research priorities; and c) to boost International cooperation between leading HIV and TB experts from Europe and those countries mainly affected by these two diseases. Therefore, in this report from India these objectives have been addressed under the following topics: i) Basic demographic data; ii) Basic epidemiological Data of HIV and TB; iii) Medical treatment standards; iv) Diagnostic Standards.
{"title":"The Situation of HIV/M. tuberculosis Co-Infection in India","authors":"P. Seth","doi":"10.2174/1874279301005010051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874279301005010051","url":null,"abstract":"In November 2008, European Commission initiated a collaborative research and information dissemination project entitled \"European Network for global cooperation in the field of AIDS and TB (EUCO-Net)\" involving Institutions in Europe (Germany, Belgium, Italy), Latin America (Brazil, Argentina, Colombia), Russia, South Africa, and India with the following objectives: a) to provide an overview of the state of art in HIV and TB research and disease management in different partner countries; b) to identify global research priorities; and c) to boost International cooperation between leading HIV and TB experts from Europe and those countries mainly affected by these two diseases. Therefore, in this report from India these objectives have been addressed under the following topics: i) Basic demographic data; ii) Basic epidemiological Data of HIV and TB; iii) Medical treatment standards; iv) Diagnostic Standards.","PeriodicalId":88330,"journal":{"name":"The open infectious diseases journal","volume":"5 1","pages":"51-59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68059559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-07-06DOI: 10.2174/1874279301005010089
C. Giehl
The Treatment Action Group (TAG) is an independent AIDS research and policy think tank fighting for better treatment, a vaccine, and a cure for AIDS. In the context of the their TB/HIV Advocacy Project supported by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, TAG has been compiling the “Treatment Action Group’s report on funding trends for tuberculosis (TB) research and development (R&D)”, monitoring global spending for TB R&D from the baseline year 2005 to date [1].
{"title":"Supplementary Information on Global and European Funding on HIV/AIDS and M. tuberculosis/TB","authors":"C. Giehl","doi":"10.2174/1874279301005010089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874279301005010089","url":null,"abstract":"The Treatment Action Group (TAG) is an independent AIDS research and policy think tank fighting for better treatment, a vaccine, and a cure for AIDS. In the context of the their TB/HIV Advocacy Project supported by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, TAG has been compiling the “Treatment Action Group’s report on funding trends for tuberculosis (TB) research and development (R&D)”, monitoring global spending for TB R&D from the baseline year 2005 to date [1].","PeriodicalId":88330,"journal":{"name":"The open infectious diseases journal","volume":"5 1","pages":"89-90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68059579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-07-06DOI: 10.2174/1874279301105010060
A. Charman, G. Walzl, W. Preiser
The paper reports on an investigation undertaken for the Network for European/ICPC cooperation in the field of AIDS and TB (EUCO-Net) into the state of biomedical research on the HIV/AIDS and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB)/tuberculosis (TB) within 13 selected Sub-Saharan African countries. The case countries were Botswana, Central African Republic, Ethiopia, Gambia, Gabon, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Senegal, South Africa, Uganda, Zambia and Zimbabwe. An important objective of the research was to document the extent of linkages between HIV/AIDS and TB research endeavours within these countries to address co-infection. The study examines five aspects of current research in these fields. First, it considers individual country demographic and epidemiological status. Second, it examines the scope and costs of diagnostic services for these diseases. Third, it considers inter-cultural sensitivities that positively or negatively impact on (or influence) biomedical research in the case countries. Fourth, it identifies the extent of funding for basic science research and details the main institutional funders and recipients of funding. Fifth, it details the scale of medical studies with respect to the two diseases, identifying the scope of research activities within the case countries, the nature of the funding and research partners. The research concludes that African institutions can significantly contribute towards addressing the scientific challenges needed to advance diagnostics, pioneer new drugs and develop vaccines, but only if they receive a significantly higher injection of funding. South African institutions are well positioned (scientifically) to lead research within the African context, having the human capacity to conduct research and benefiting from supportive state institutions.
{"title":"The Capacity of African Research Institutions to Respond to HIV/ M.tuberculosis Co-Infection","authors":"A. Charman, G. Walzl, W. Preiser","doi":"10.2174/1874279301105010060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874279301105010060","url":null,"abstract":"The paper reports on an investigation undertaken for the Network for European/ICPC cooperation in the field of AIDS and TB (EUCO-Net) into the state of biomedical research on the HIV/AIDS and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB)/tuberculosis (TB) within 13 selected Sub-Saharan African countries. The case countries were Botswana, Central African Republic, Ethiopia, Gambia, Gabon, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Senegal, South Africa, Uganda, Zambia and Zimbabwe. An important objective of the research was to document the extent of linkages between HIV/AIDS and TB research endeavours within these countries to address co-infection. The study examines five aspects of current research in these fields. First, it considers individual country demographic and epidemiological status. Second, it examines the scope and costs of diagnostic services for these diseases. Third, it considers inter-cultural sensitivities that positively or negatively impact on (or influence) biomedical research in the case countries. Fourth, it identifies the extent of funding for basic science research and details the main institutional funders and recipients of funding. Fifth, it details the scale of medical studies with respect to the two diseases, identifying the scope of research activities within the case countries, the nature of the funding and research partners. The research concludes that African institutions can significantly contribute towards addressing the scientific challenges needed to advance diagnostics, pioneer new drugs and develop vaccines, but only if they receive a significantly higher injection of funding. South African institutions are well positioned (scientifically) to lead research within the African context, having the human capacity to conduct research and benefiting from supportive state institutions.","PeriodicalId":88330,"journal":{"name":"The open infectious diseases journal","volume":"5 1","pages":"60-80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68059218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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