Pub Date : 2004-01-01DOI: 10.1080/13882350390486983
R. Mumford
The type and level of lighting affects the assessment and outcome of important functional elements of vision. The type and level of lighting affects the low vision individual selectively. Depending upon their personal visual condition, lighting impacts their visual acuity, their visual ergonomics, their field of vision available to the task and the stability of that field. By assessing the individual's lighting needs, it is possible to combine improved visual aids with lighting strategies to address specific personal tasks such as reading bills and writing checks. Examples are given of results obtained at the National Association for the Visually Handicapped.
{"title":"The role of lighting","authors":"R. Mumford","doi":"10.1080/13882350390486983","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13882350390486983","url":null,"abstract":"The type and level of lighting affects the assessment and outcome of important functional elements of vision. The type and level of lighting affects the low vision individual selectively. Depending upon their personal visual condition, lighting impacts their visual acuity, their visual ergonomics, their field of vision available to the task and the stability of that field. By assessing the individual's lighting needs, it is possible to combine improved visual aids with lighting strategies to address specific personal tasks such as reading bills and writing checks. Examples are given of results obtained at the National Association for the Visually Handicapped.","PeriodicalId":88340,"journal":{"name":"Visual impairment research","volume":"6 1","pages":"29-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13882350390486983","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60069471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-01-01DOI: 10.1080/13882350390486992
A. Lueck
{"title":"Relating functional vision assessment, intervention, and outcomes for students with low vision","authors":"A. Lueck","doi":"10.1080/13882350390486992","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13882350390486992","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":88340,"journal":{"name":"Visual impairment research","volume":"2 1","pages":"45-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13882350390486992","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60069516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-01-01DOI: 10.1080/13882350490886645
A. J. Chepaitis, F. Griffiths, H. J. Wyatt, William F. O'Connell
Purpose: To study the learning and reading of tactile fonts by seniors. Design: One hundred blindfolded subjects age 65 years and older were taught and studied one of three tactile fonts: a new font named ELIA, the standard Braille font, or a raised Roman font. Methods: ELIA and Roman texts were presented at letter heights of 1.0 cm, 1.1 cm, 1.2 cm, and 1.3 cm, while Braille texts were presented at the standard size (0.7 cm). Training lasted for 30 hours. Test stimuli were presented as single letters in random order or as words in sentences. Results: It was found that ELIA was read with greater speed and letter recognition accuracy than the Roman font and that both the ELIA and Roman fonts were read with greater speed and accuracy than the Braille font. Implications: Most seniors are capable of reading tactile fonts, which can be utilized to achieve greater independence.
{"title":"Evaluation of tactile fonts for use by a visually impaired elderly population","authors":"A. J. Chepaitis, F. Griffiths, H. J. Wyatt, William F. O'Connell","doi":"10.1080/13882350490886645","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13882350490886645","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To study the learning and reading of tactile fonts by seniors. Design: One hundred blindfolded subjects age 65 years and older were taught and studied one of three tactile fonts: a new font named ELIA, the standard Braille font, or a raised Roman font. Methods: ELIA and Roman texts were presented at letter heights of 1.0 cm, 1.1 cm, 1.2 cm, and 1.3 cm, while Braille texts were presented at the standard size (0.7 cm). Training lasted for 30 hours. Test stimuli were presented as single letters in random order or as words in sentences. Results: It was found that ELIA was read with greater speed and letter recognition accuracy than the Roman font and that both the ELIA and Roman fonts were read with greater speed and accuracy than the Braille font. Implications: Most seniors are capable of reading tactile fonts, which can be utilized to achieve greater independence.","PeriodicalId":88340,"journal":{"name":"Visual impairment research","volume":"6 1","pages":"111-134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13882350490886645","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60069778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-01-01DOI: 10.1076/VIMR.5.1.33.15974
R. Greer
The prescribing and fitting of spectacle-mounted telescopes (bioptic telescopes or bioptics) requires calculating the proper telescope power. It also requires determining the appropriate position within the spectacle lens and the proper angling of the telescope relative to the frame front (mounting angle).A description of bioptic fitting apertures, and their use in determining and confirming bioptic telescope location and mounting angle, is discussed.
{"title":"Fitting bioptic telescopes: Determining location and mounting angle with bioptic fitting apertures","authors":"R. Greer","doi":"10.1076/VIMR.5.1.33.15974","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1076/VIMR.5.1.33.15974","url":null,"abstract":"The prescribing and fitting of spectacle-mounted telescopes (bioptic telescopes or bioptics) requires calculating the proper telescope power. It also requires determining the appropriate position within the spectacle lens and the proper angling of the telescope relative to the frame front (mounting angle).A description of bioptic fitting apertures, and their use in determining and confirming bioptic telescope location and mounting angle, is discussed.","PeriodicalId":88340,"journal":{"name":"Visual impairment research","volume":"5 1","pages":"33-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"58587557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-01-01DOI: 10.1076/VIMR.5.2.83.26264
S. Trauzettel-Klosinski, Christoph Dieling, B. Pietsch
Purpose: To examine the influence of visual field defects and other parameters, such as age, diagnosis, visual acuity, and magnification need, on reading performance in a low vision population. Methods: A total of 223 low vision patients were fitted with the best visual aid for reading according to their magnification need. Reading performance was related to distance visual acuity, magnification need, diagnosis, and visual field status. The results of kinetic Tuebingen manual perimetry were categorized according to the location, size, shape, and density of the scotoma. The fixation locus during perimetry was determined by the location of the blind spot. The outcome variable was reading performance of newspaper print according to the following categories: 1, fluent; 2, struggling; and 3, no reading ability. Results: A total of 71% of the patients were fluent, 25% were struggling, and 4% were non-readers. The affiliation to a reading category was related to visual acuity, magnification need, and diagnosis, ...
{"title":"The influence of visual field defects and other clinical parameters on reading performance: A retrospective study in a low vision population","authors":"S. Trauzettel-Klosinski, Christoph Dieling, B. Pietsch","doi":"10.1076/VIMR.5.2.83.26264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1076/VIMR.5.2.83.26264","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To examine the influence of visual field defects and other parameters, such as age, diagnosis, visual acuity, and magnification need, on reading performance in a low vision population. Methods: A total of 223 low vision patients were fitted with the best visual aid for reading according to their magnification need. Reading performance was related to distance visual acuity, magnification need, diagnosis, and visual field status. The results of kinetic Tuebingen manual perimetry were categorized according to the location, size, shape, and density of the scotoma. The fixation locus during perimetry was determined by the location of the blind spot. The outcome variable was reading performance of newspaper print according to the following categories: 1, fluent; 2, struggling; and 3, no reading ability. Results: A total of 71% of the patients were fluent, 25% were struggling, and 4% were non-readers. The affiliation to a reading category was related to visual acuity, magnification need, and diagnosis, ...","PeriodicalId":88340,"journal":{"name":"Visual impairment research","volume":"5 1","pages":"83-100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1076/VIMR.5.2.83.26264","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"58587727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-01-01DOI: 10.1080/1388235039048694
G. Strong, J. Jutai, P. Bevers, M. Hartley, A. Plotkin
Low vision service providers undertake to prescribe assistive devices that redress a client's vision disabilities that have been verified by organized assessment protocols. Evaluating the functional outcomes of this process provides a tangible validation of the integrity of the component assessment, prescribing and dispensing activities, but this does not necessarily provide a comprehensive picture about associated or attributed changes in the individual's quality of life. The Psychosocial Impact of Assistive Devices Scale (PIADS) is a 26-item self-rating scale designed to measure the impact of an assistive technology device on psychological well-being and subjective quality of life. The current study used the PIADS to assess the psychosocial impact of closed-circuit television CCTV devices on a cohort of 36 patients annually for the first three years following device adoption. Patients reported consistently high positive impacts during the first and second years post-adoption. The subjective psychosocial...
{"title":"The psychosocial impact of closed-circuit television low vision aids","authors":"G. Strong, J. Jutai, P. Bevers, M. Hartley, A. Plotkin","doi":"10.1080/1388235039048694","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1388235039048694","url":null,"abstract":"Low vision service providers undertake to prescribe assistive devices that redress a client's vision disabilities that have been verified by organized assessment protocols. Evaluating the functional outcomes of this process provides a tangible validation of the integrity of the component assessment, prescribing and dispensing activities, but this does not necessarily provide a comprehensive picture about associated or attributed changes in the individual's quality of life. The Psychosocial Impact of Assistive Devices Scale (PIADS) is a 26-item self-rating scale designed to measure the impact of an assistive technology device on psychological well-being and subjective quality of life. The current study used the PIADS to assess the psychosocial impact of closed-circuit television CCTV devices on a cohort of 36 patients annually for the first three years following device adoption. Patients reported consistently high positive impacts during the first and second years post-adoption. The subjective psychosocial...","PeriodicalId":88340,"journal":{"name":"Visual impairment research","volume":"5 1","pages":"179-190"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/1388235039048694","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60069635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-01-01DOI: 10.1076/VIMR.5.1.41.15975
K. Oda, Naoko Harada, Akihiko Yamamoto
Purpose: Sans serif fonts are well known as the better fonts for recognition and reading via low resolution sensory channels, such as low vision and touch. Although narrow Gothic-type Japanese fonts have been used for these channels, the tactile recognition performance never has been perfect and satisfactory. We investigate a possibility of developing a new font based on psychophysical experiments of tactile recognition. Method: A set of Japanese Kate-kana letters were raised for tactile observation using swell papers. Letter size was fixed to 1.58 cm in height, where recognition was about 80% correct in the previous experiments. Five different font styles, i.e., Mincho (similar to Times Roman), Gothic-Narrow, Gothic-Thick, Round-Gothic, and Schoolbook were compared their correct recognition rate and recognition time. Five Japanese subjects participated in the experiment. Confusion matrices were calculated for each font type. Using principles for better recognition we obtained from the analysis of the mat...
{"title":"A psychophysically engineered Japanese font ‘ForeFinger-M’ suitable for tactile recognition","authors":"K. Oda, Naoko Harada, Akihiko Yamamoto","doi":"10.1076/VIMR.5.1.41.15975","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1076/VIMR.5.1.41.15975","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Sans serif fonts are well known as the better fonts for recognition and reading via low resolution sensory channels, such as low vision and touch. Although narrow Gothic-type Japanese fonts have been used for these channels, the tactile recognition performance never has been perfect and satisfactory. We investigate a possibility of developing a new font based on psychophysical experiments of tactile recognition. Method: A set of Japanese Kate-kana letters were raised for tactile observation using swell papers. Letter size was fixed to 1.58 cm in height, where recognition was about 80% correct in the previous experiments. Five different font styles, i.e., Mincho (similar to Times Roman), Gothic-Narrow, Gothic-Thick, Round-Gothic, and Schoolbook were compared their correct recognition rate and recognition time. Five Japanese subjects participated in the experiment. Confusion matrices were calculated for each font type. Using principles for better recognition we obtained from the analysis of the mat...","PeriodicalId":88340,"journal":{"name":"Visual impairment research","volume":"5 1","pages":"41-53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1076/VIMR.5.1.41.15975","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"58587575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-01-01DOI: 10.1080/1388235039048919
A. Colenbrander
To promote consistency in terminology, this paper explores the distinction between Visual Functions, which describe how the eye functions, and Functional Vision, which describes how the person functions in vision-related activities. Adequate assessment of Functional Vision is essential to measure outcomes of vision rehabilitation. Consistent measurement will require the development of a unified set of criteria, better suited to use in rehabilitation than the current ‘participation’ categories in International Classification of Functioning (ICF). Whether vision tests are used to explore the underlying causes of eye disease or their functional consequences affects the ways in which they are administered and interpreted. This is explored in detail for letter-chart acuity (the most common visual function test) and reading (the most common functional vision test). At the group level a statistical relationship between visual functions and functional vision can be shown, but individual variations are too great t...
{"title":"Aspects of vision loss – visual functions and functional vision","authors":"A. Colenbrander","doi":"10.1080/1388235039048919","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1388235039048919","url":null,"abstract":"To promote consistency in terminology, this paper explores the distinction between Visual Functions, which describe how the eye functions, and Functional Vision, which describes how the person functions in vision-related activities. Adequate assessment of Functional Vision is essential to measure outcomes of vision rehabilitation. Consistent measurement will require the development of a unified set of criteria, better suited to use in rehabilitation than the current ‘participation’ categories in International Classification of Functioning (ICF). Whether vision tests are used to explore the underlying causes of eye disease or their functional consequences affects the ways in which they are administered and interpreted. This is explored in detail for letter-chart acuity (the most common visual function test) and reading (the most common functional vision test). At the group level a statistical relationship between visual functions and functional vision can be shown, but individual variations are too great t...","PeriodicalId":88340,"journal":{"name":"Visual impairment research","volume":"5 1","pages":"115-136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/1388235039048919","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60069243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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