Pub Date : 2022-09-03DOI: 10.31557/apjcb.2022.7.3.239-244
Sangeeta Khyalia
Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to study serum lipid profile in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and to compare their levels with those of healthy population. Materials and Methods: This study was done in forty five patients of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and the results were compared with results of forty five age and sex matched healthy controls . Serum obtained from centrifugation of 12 hour fasting blood samples was analyzed on fully automated analyzer Beckman coulter AU-680 for estimating the lipid levels (cholesterol, triglycerides [TGL], and high-density lipids [HDL]) by colorimetric method. Low-density lipid [LDL] values were obtained by calculator. Results: The comparison of lipid profile levels between Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma cases and healthy controls shows statistically significant results for TC, HDL and LDL. Conclusion: The change in lipid levels may have an early diagnostic or prognostic role in oral malignant lesions and can be used as a biomarker for OSCC patients.
{"title":"A Comparative Study of Serum Lipid Profile in Patients with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Healthy Population in a Tertiary Health Care Centre in North-Western India","authors":"Sangeeta Khyalia","doi":"10.31557/apjcb.2022.7.3.239-244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31557/apjcb.2022.7.3.239-244","url":null,"abstract":"Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to study serum lipid profile in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and to compare their levels with those of healthy population. Materials and Methods: This study was done in forty five patients of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and the results were compared with results of forty five age and sex matched healthy controls . Serum obtained from centrifugation of 12 hour fasting blood samples was analyzed on fully automated analyzer Beckman coulter AU-680 for estimating the lipid levels (cholesterol, triglycerides [TGL], and high-density lipids [HDL]) by colorimetric method. Low-density lipid [LDL] values were obtained by calculator. Results: The comparison of lipid profile levels between Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma cases and healthy controls shows statistically significant results for TC, HDL and LDL. Conclusion: The change in lipid levels may have an early diagnostic or prognostic role in oral malignant lesions and can be used as a biomarker for OSCC patients.","PeriodicalId":8848,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Biology","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80753545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.31557/apjcb.2022.7.3.275-283
Maritess D Cation, Maria Cristina Ramos
Across the globe, we can continue to observe a rise in the prevalence of breast cancer. The World Health Organization registered 600,000 cases of death due to breast cancer in 2021 and estimated that there would be 1 in every 8 women diagnosed with breast cancer in the next 10 years. Studies have discovered the role of proteins in the pathways that affect breast cancer but have not found a potential biomarker effective for all types, especially for triple-negative breast cancer. It remains a challenge to detect and treat breast cancer, especially if found in the later uncurable stage. With this, proteomics becomes a practical approach to screening new protein biomarkers for breast cancer diagnosis, therapy, and disease control. Proteomics covers the study of the entire protein, and its modification has been leading the race in breast cancer biomarker discovery made possible through the advancement of mass spectrometry and various bioinformatics tools. The combination has brought novel information being the fastest yet simplest approach for deep, comprehensive, and high throughput approach. This review article will give an overview of these trending online tools for proteomics research while citing examples of their utility with known clinical breast cancer biomarkers.
{"title":"Accelerating Breast Cancer Biomarker Discovery by Mass Spectrometry Proteomics and Current Bioinformatics Tools","authors":"Maritess D Cation, Maria Cristina Ramos","doi":"10.31557/apjcb.2022.7.3.275-283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31557/apjcb.2022.7.3.275-283","url":null,"abstract":"Across the globe, we can continue to observe a rise in the prevalence of breast cancer. The World Health Organization registered 600,000 cases of death due to breast cancer in 2021 and estimated that there would be 1 in every 8 women diagnosed with breast cancer in the next 10 years. Studies have discovered the role of proteins in the pathways that affect breast cancer but have not found a potential biomarker effective for all types, especially for triple-negative breast cancer. It remains a challenge to detect and treat breast cancer, especially if found in the later uncurable stage. With this, proteomics becomes a practical approach to screening new protein biomarkers for breast cancer diagnosis, therapy, and disease control. Proteomics covers the study of the entire protein, and its modification has been leading the race in breast cancer biomarker discovery made possible through the advancement of mass spectrometry and various bioinformatics tools. The combination has brought novel information being the fastest yet simplest approach for deep, comprehensive, and high throughput approach. This review article will give an overview of these trending online tools for proteomics research while citing examples of their utility with known clinical breast cancer biomarkers.","PeriodicalId":8848,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Biology","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90657890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-28DOI: 10.31557/apjcb.2022.7.3.199-203
A. Sammon
Squamous cancer of the esophagus has been endemic in much of East, Central and Southern Africa since the 1940s. Much research has concentrated on attempts to identify major carcinogenic influences, and failure to do so has made it clear that the problem in high incidence areas (HIAs) is not primarily of potent environmental carcinogens, but of population susceptibility. In Africa the association with maize is constant and strong. Research in the last decade has helped to explain that association. Considered along with historical findings there is now enough evidence to establish causal associations of a nutritionally deficient maize diet and use of maize meal with squamous cancer of the esophagus. Evidence is available in a high incidence area of degenerating maize meal resulting in excess production of PGE2, gastric hypochlorhydria and a predominant pattern of non-acid gastroesophageal reflux. This pathway explains the existence of major population susceptibility: a poor maize-based diet provides specific nutritional deficiencies and n-6 fatty acid dominance which cause failure of homeostasis of the arachidonic acid cascade; with this background chemically degenerating maize meal then triggers duodenogastric reflux and non-acid gastro-esophageal reflux; non-acid reflux causes squamous cancer of the esophagus. Within a susceptible population, environmental carcinogens including tobacco increase individual risk. There is sufficient evidence that this is an active pathway, and the dominant pathway to SCCE in high incidence areas in Africa.There is sufficient evidence to justify appropriate preventative measures.
{"title":"Squamous Cancer of the Esophagus in Africa: A Causal Pathway Established","authors":"A. Sammon","doi":"10.31557/apjcb.2022.7.3.199-203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31557/apjcb.2022.7.3.199-203","url":null,"abstract":"Squamous cancer of the esophagus has been endemic in much of East, Central and Southern Africa since the 1940s. Much research has concentrated on attempts to identify major carcinogenic influences, and failure to do so has made it clear that the problem in high incidence areas (HIAs) is not primarily of potent environmental carcinogens, but of population susceptibility. In Africa the association with maize is constant and strong. Research in the last decade has helped to explain that association. Considered along with historical findings there is now enough evidence to establish causal associations of a nutritionally deficient maize diet and use of maize meal with squamous cancer of the esophagus. Evidence is available in a high incidence area of degenerating maize meal resulting in excess production of PGE2, gastric hypochlorhydria and a predominant pattern of non-acid gastroesophageal reflux. This pathway explains the existence of major population susceptibility: a poor maize-based diet provides specific nutritional deficiencies and n-6 fatty acid dominance which cause failure of homeostasis of the arachidonic acid cascade; with this background chemically degenerating maize meal then triggers duodenogastric reflux and non-acid gastro-esophageal reflux; non-acid reflux causes squamous cancer of the esophagus. Within a susceptible population, environmental carcinogens including tobacco increase individual risk. There is sufficient evidence that this is an active pathway, and the dominant pathway to SCCE in high incidence areas in Africa.There is sufficient evidence to justify appropriate preventative measures.","PeriodicalId":8848,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Biology","volume":"79 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84974155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-25DOI: 10.31557/apjcb.2022.7.3.233-238
Ahmed Mjali, Mustafa Majeed Obaid, H. Al-Shammari, A. F. Alwakeel, A. Sedeeq, N. Abbas, L. Mula-Hussain
Objectives: To evaluate the pathological patterns & luminal subtypes of breast cancer patients in the Middle Euphrates region of Iraq. Methods: A retrospective descriptive study was conducted at Al-Hussein Cancer Center in Karbala province of Iraq between January 2012 and August 2020. Results: There were 920 female patients with breast cancer. At the time of diagnosis, the mean age was 50.20 ±11.74 years. The most frequent pathological subtype was invasive ductal carcinoma in 91.85%, and 50.32% of tumors were grade II. Of luminal subtypes, Luminal A was the most prevalent subtype in 53.69%. Conclusion: Our results were similar to middle eastern patterns but significantly differed from western patterns.
{"title":"Histopathological Patterns and Luminal Subtypes among Breast Cancer Patients in the Middle Euphrates Region of Iraq","authors":"Ahmed Mjali, Mustafa Majeed Obaid, H. Al-Shammari, A. F. Alwakeel, A. Sedeeq, N. Abbas, L. Mula-Hussain","doi":"10.31557/apjcb.2022.7.3.233-238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31557/apjcb.2022.7.3.233-238","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To evaluate the pathological patterns & luminal subtypes of breast cancer patients in the Middle Euphrates region of Iraq. Methods: A retrospective descriptive study was conducted at Al-Hussein Cancer Center in Karbala province of Iraq between January 2012 and August 2020. Results: There were 920 female patients with breast cancer. At the time of diagnosis, the mean age was 50.20 ±11.74 years. The most frequent pathological subtype was invasive ductal carcinoma in 91.85%, and 50.32% of tumors were grade II. Of luminal subtypes, Luminal A was the most prevalent subtype in 53.69%. Conclusion: Our results were similar to middle eastern patterns but significantly differed from western patterns.","PeriodicalId":8848,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Biology","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87682573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-21DOI: 10.31557/apjcb.2022.7.3.225-231
D. Kapur, A. Gaurav, K. Khoiwal, S. Chowdhuri, S. Panda, Smrati Sabnani, J. Chaturvedi
Objective: To establish the comparability of two step approach of See and treat with the conventional three step approach In management of Precancerous lesions of the cervix. Methods: A Randomised controlled Trial was conducted in AIIMS Rishikesh over a period of one year (2020-2021). All women presenting to OPD in age group 25-60 years were screened with PAP smear and per speculum examination, and women with Abnormal PAP smear or clinically unhealthy cervix were subjected to colposcopy. Reid and Swede scores were calculated and colposcopy guided biopsy taken. Women with CIN2/3 on either of the colposcopy scores were randomized to two or three step approach. Women falling into two step approach (group A) underwent LEEP in the same sitting while the latter group (group B) was told to follow up with histopathology reports for further management.The final histopathological diagnosis and LEEP results were compared. Results: Overtreatment rates were 22% in see and treat approach, distributed as 3.6% in HSIL + ASC_H group and 33 % in LSIL patients. None were lost to treatment in this group. 39 out of 50 women in Group B needed definitive treatment after their biopsy results and 48% of them were lost to follow up. 72% were adequately treated in group A while only 22 % could be adequately treated in Group B. Conclusion: It can thus be safely concluded that despite the risk of overtreatment, a two step approach should be considered for preventive management, especially considering the rate of loss to follow up in three step approach. This study thus advocates the use of See and Treat protocol, especially in the high-grade cytology lesions. IN low risk cases too, the study proposes that see and treat protocol can be used, albeit with good clinical judgement. Offering opportunities to reduce suffering associated with the eminently preventable cervical cancer is an ethical imperative and the SEE and TREAT approach is an attempt in that early preventive direction.
目的:探讨观察与治疗两步入路与常规三步入路治疗宫颈癌前病变的可比性。方法:在AIIMS Rishikesh进行了一项为期一年(2020-2021)的随机对照试验。所有就诊于OPD的年龄在25-60岁之间的女性都接受了PAP涂片检查和阴道镜检查，宫颈涂片异常或临床宫颈不健康的女性接受了阴道镜检查。计算Reid和Swede评分，并进行阴道镜引导活检。阴道镜评分为CIN2/3的女性随机分为两步或三步方法。分为两步法的女性(A组)在相同的坐姿下接受LEEP，而后一组(B组)则被告知随访组织病理学报告以进一步处理。将最终的组织病理学诊断与LEEP结果进行比较。结果:观察+治疗方法的过度治疗率为22%，HSIL + ASC_H组为3.6%，LSIL组为33%。该组患者均未因治疗而死亡。B组50名妇女中有39名在活检结果后需要明确治疗，48%的妇女失去了随访。结论:尽管存在过度治疗的风险，但仍应考虑采取两步法进行预防管理，特别是考虑到三步法随访的损失率。因此，本研究提倡使用See and Treat方案，特别是在高级别细胞学病变中。在低风险病例中，该研究也提出，尽管需要良好的临床判断，但也可以使用“即诊即治”方案。提供机会减少与明显可预防的宫颈癌有关的痛苦是一项伦理责任，SEE和TREAT方法是朝着早期预防方向的一种尝试。
{"title":"“See and Treat” an Advocated Approach for Precancerous Lesions of the Cervix- A North Indian Referral Center Based Randomized Control Trial","authors":"D. Kapur, A. Gaurav, K. Khoiwal, S. Chowdhuri, S. Panda, Smrati Sabnani, J. Chaturvedi","doi":"10.31557/apjcb.2022.7.3.225-231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31557/apjcb.2022.7.3.225-231","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To establish the comparability of two step approach of See and treat with the conventional three step approach In management of Precancerous lesions of the cervix. Methods: A Randomised controlled Trial was conducted in AIIMS Rishikesh over a period of one year (2020-2021). All women presenting to OPD in age group 25-60 years were screened with PAP smear and per speculum examination, and women with Abnormal PAP smear or clinically unhealthy cervix were subjected to colposcopy. Reid and Swede scores were calculated and colposcopy guided biopsy taken. Women with CIN2/3 on either of the colposcopy scores were randomized to two or three step approach. Women falling into two step approach (group A) underwent LEEP in the same sitting while the latter group (group B) was told to follow up with histopathology reports for further management.The final histopathological diagnosis and LEEP results were compared. Results: Overtreatment rates were 22% in see and treat approach, distributed as 3.6% in HSIL + ASC_H group and 33 % in LSIL patients. None were lost to treatment in this group. 39 out of 50 women in Group B needed definitive treatment after their biopsy results and 48% of them were lost to follow up. 72% were adequately treated in group A while only 22 % could be adequately treated in Group B. Conclusion: It can thus be safely concluded that despite the risk of overtreatment, a two step approach should be considered for preventive management, especially considering the rate of loss to follow up in three step approach. This study thus advocates the use of See and Treat protocol, especially in the high-grade cytology lesions. IN low risk cases too, the study proposes that see and treat protocol can be used, albeit with good clinical judgement. Offering opportunities to reduce suffering associated with the eminently preventable cervical cancer is an ethical imperative and the SEE and TREAT approach is an attempt in that early preventive direction. ","PeriodicalId":8848,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Biology","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85886913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-19DOI: 10.31557/apjcb.2022.7.3.219-223
Jindal Arpita, Gothwal Priyanka, S. Ranjana
Introduction: Breast cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors and one of the leading causes of cancer related death amongst females worldwide. The clinical significance of molecular classification of carcinoma breast remains to be established. Molecular subtyping using immunohistochemistry can provide additional prognostic and predictive information. Aim and objectives: To identify morphological variants of carcinoma breast and to determine various proportions of molecular subtypes of carcinoma breast by immunohistochemistry. Materials and Methods: A descriptive type of observational study was done at SMS Medical College, Jaipur. 65 Modified Radical Mastectomy specimens received in the department were included in the study. The surgical specimens were then evaluated histopathologically and immunohistochemically for ER, PR, HER2/neu, and Ki67 markers. Results: Out of 65 breast carcinoma cases the most common histological type encountered in our study was Invasive ductal carcinoma of no special type (NST) (83.09%) followed by medullary carcinoma (4.63%) and invasive lobular carcinoma (3.09%) and a single case each of tubular, cribriform, metaplastic, lymphoepithelioma like carcinoma, carcinoma with apocrine differentiation and oncocytic carcinoma. The cases were further classified into molecular subtypes using protein expression patterns in IHC. The proportion of tumors found were Luminal A (32.31%), Luminal B (18.46%), HER2/neu overexpressed (13.84%), and Triple-negative (35.39%). Conclusion: The most common molecular subtype found in our study was Triple negative. The use of IHC markers in the clinical setting could determine the prognosis and benefit the patients with targeted therapies.
{"title":"A Study of Molecular Subtypes of Carcinoma Breast by Immunohistochemistry at Tertiary Care Center, Jaipur","authors":"Jindal Arpita, Gothwal Priyanka, S. Ranjana","doi":"10.31557/apjcb.2022.7.3.219-223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31557/apjcb.2022.7.3.219-223","url":null,"abstract":" Introduction: Breast cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors and one of the leading causes of cancer related death amongst females worldwide. The clinical significance of molecular classification of carcinoma breast remains to be established. Molecular subtyping using immunohistochemistry can provide additional prognostic and predictive information. Aim and objectives: To identify morphological variants of carcinoma breast and to determine various proportions of molecular subtypes of carcinoma breast by immunohistochemistry. Materials and Methods: A descriptive type of observational study was done at SMS Medical College, Jaipur. 65 Modified Radical Mastectomy specimens received in the department were included in the study. The surgical specimens were then evaluated histopathologically and immunohistochemically for ER, PR, HER2/neu, and Ki67 markers. Results: Out of 65 breast carcinoma cases the most common histological type encountered in our study was Invasive ductal carcinoma of no special type (NST) (83.09%) followed by medullary carcinoma (4.63%) and invasive lobular carcinoma (3.09%) and a single case each of tubular, cribriform, metaplastic, lymphoepithelioma like carcinoma, carcinoma with apocrine differentiation and oncocytic carcinoma. The cases were further classified into molecular subtypes using protein expression patterns in IHC. The proportion of tumors found were Luminal A (32.31%), Luminal B (18.46%), HER2/neu overexpressed (13.84%), and Triple-negative (35.39%). Conclusion: The most common molecular subtype found in our study was Triple negative. The use of IHC markers in the clinical setting could determine the prognosis and benefit the patients with targeted therapies. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":8848,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Biology","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89063740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-15DOI: 10.31557/apjcb.2022.7.3.215-218
S. Fatemi, N. Salarieh, A. Farahani, S. A. Fatemi, Shahram Ebadi
Background: Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is an autosomal dominant disorder caused by a mutation in the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene. FAP is characterized by development of multiple adenomatous polyps (>100) in the colon. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of gastroduodenal polyps in FAP patients referred to the Taleghani hospital, a teaching referral center in Tehran, Iran. Materials and Methods: Front-view and side-view endoscopies were performed in 33 FAP patients. Papillary biopsies were taken for all patients. Site of polyps, their number and size, histologic findings, patient general information (gender, age and family history of FAP/colorectal cancer/gastroduodenal polyps) were collected and reported. 28 patients of the study were evaluated using upper GI endoscopy again after 5 years for changes in characteristics and probable transformation of polyps into cancer. Results: Gastric polyps were seen in 42.4 % of patients. 76.45% of the patients had fundic gland polyps and hyperplastic polyps were noticed in 39.93% of them. Duodenal adenomas were found in 30.3% of patients which were reported to be tubular adenomas with low grade dysplasia and tubulovillous adenomas with low grade dysplasia in 60% and 45% of patients, respectively. Conclusions: Findings of this study bespeak the high prevalence of gastroduodenal polyps and the presence of dysplasia in duodenal polyps among FAP patients referred to the hospital. Therefore, it appears that routine gastroduodenal endoscopy in FAP patients is necessary.
{"title":"Importance of Gastroduodenal Endoscopic Findings in Patients with Classic Familial Adenomatous Polyposis Syndrome","authors":"S. Fatemi, N. Salarieh, A. Farahani, S. A. Fatemi, Shahram Ebadi","doi":"10.31557/apjcb.2022.7.3.215-218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31557/apjcb.2022.7.3.215-218","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is an autosomal dominant disorder caused by a mutation in the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene. FAP is characterized by development of multiple adenomatous polyps (>100) in the colon. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of gastroduodenal polyps in FAP patients referred to the Taleghani hospital, a teaching referral center in Tehran, Iran. Materials and Methods: Front-view and side-view endoscopies were performed in 33 FAP patients. Papillary biopsies were taken for all patients. Site of polyps, their number and size, histologic findings, patient general information (gender, age and family history of FAP/colorectal cancer/gastroduodenal polyps) were collected and reported. 28 patients of the study were evaluated using upper GI endoscopy again after 5 years for changes in characteristics and probable transformation of polyps into cancer. Results: Gastric polyps were seen in 42.4 % of patients. 76.45% of the patients had fundic gland polyps and hyperplastic polyps were noticed in 39.93% of them. Duodenal adenomas were found in 30.3% of patients which were reported to be tubular adenomas with low grade dysplasia and tubulovillous adenomas with low grade dysplasia in 60% and 45% of patients, respectively. Conclusions: Findings of this study bespeak the high prevalence of gastroduodenal polyps and the presence of dysplasia in duodenal polyps among FAP patients referred to the hospital. Therefore, it appears that routine gastroduodenal endoscopy in FAP patients is necessary.","PeriodicalId":8848,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Biology","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86910406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-12DOI: 10.31557/apjcb.2022.7.3.207-214
Fatma M.A. Abouelkasem, Tarek Y. Mohamed, Hussein M. Khaled, Ibrahim A Malash, Eman Loay
Background: Vinflunine is the only cytotoxic agent that had been tested as a second line therapy in platinum refractory urothelial carcinoma patients in a phase III clinical trial. The aim of our study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of vinflunine as a second line after failure of platinum containing regimen. Patients and methods: We prospectively included 27 patients of locally advanced or metastatic urothelial cancer who presented to the National Cancer Institute (NCI) of Egypt. The primary objective was to assess the disease control rate. However, the secondary objectives were to assess the progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Results: A total of 27 patients were treated at the NCI of Egypt. Median age was 64.1 years (42.3-76.8). Male to female ratio was 26:1. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status was zero in 2 patients, one in 23 patients while the ECOG PS 2 was in only 2 patients. The vast majority of the patients received 2 cycles (12 patients), one patient received 3 cycles, 5 patients received 4 cycles, and 8 patients received 6 cycles while one patient received 8 cycles. A complete response was observed in one patient, partial response in 9 patients and stable disease in 12 patients and progressive disease in 5 patients with a disease control rate of 81.4%. Median progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival for the entire population were 3.45 months and 3.22 months respectively. Median OS for the responders was 7.24 months. Toxicity was mild, and grade 3-4 adverse events were anemia (11.1%), neutropenic fever (4%), fatigue (14.8%) and constipation (7.4%). Conclusion: Vinflunine is an efficient and tolerable second line treatment in advanced urothelial carcinoma.
{"title":"A Prospective Study of I.V. Vinflunine in the Treatment of Patients with Advanced or Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma after Failure of a Platinum-containing Regimen and Biomarker Correlates","authors":"Fatma M.A. Abouelkasem, Tarek Y. Mohamed, Hussein M. Khaled, Ibrahim A Malash, Eman Loay","doi":"10.31557/apjcb.2022.7.3.207-214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31557/apjcb.2022.7.3.207-214","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Vinflunine is the only cytotoxic agent that had been tested as a second line therapy in platinum refractory urothelial carcinoma patients in a phase III clinical trial. The aim of our study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of vinflunine as a second line after failure of platinum containing regimen. Patients and methods: We prospectively included 27 patients of locally advanced or metastatic urothelial cancer who presented to the National Cancer Institute (NCI) of Egypt. The primary objective was to assess the disease control rate. However, the secondary objectives were to assess the progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Results: A total of 27 patients were treated at the NCI of Egypt. Median age was 64.1 years (42.3-76.8). Male to female ratio was 26:1. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status was zero in 2 patients, one in 23 patients while the ECOG PS 2 was in only 2 patients. The vast majority of the patients received 2 cycles (12 patients), one patient received 3 cycles, 5 patients received 4 cycles, and 8 patients received 6 cycles while one patient received 8 cycles. A complete response was observed in one patient, partial response in 9 patients and stable disease in 12 patients and progressive disease in 5 patients with a disease control rate of 81.4%. Median progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival for the entire population were 3.45 months and 3.22 months respectively. Median OS for the responders was 7.24 months. Toxicity was mild, and grade 3-4 adverse events were anemia (11.1%), neutropenic fever (4%), fatigue (14.8%) and constipation (7.4%). Conclusion: Vinflunine is an efficient and tolerable second line treatment in advanced urothelial carcinoma. ","PeriodicalId":8848,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Biology","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75024192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-14DOI: 10.31557/apjcb.2022.7.2.185-189
Noha Ed Hassab El-Naby, M. Mohammed
Background: Papillary thyroid carcinoma is the most common thyroid neoplasm. It has a very high incidence of regional lymph node metastasis at the initial presentation. However, vascular spread is a very uncommon event. Lungs and bones are the most frequent sites of vascular metastasis from papillary thyroid carcinoma. Case concerns: The currently discussed case was obtained from the archive of Pathology laboratory, Sohag University. A 46-year-old female patient admitted to Urology Department, Sohag University, in 2015. The patient had a left loin pain, no other clinical data included in her referral sheet . Radiological findings revealed a renal mass and left radical nephrectomy was performed. Histopathological evaluation revealed a circumscribed neoplasm, formed of densely packed acini with scanty stroma. The patient was diagnosed as renal oncocytoma. On re-evaluation of the Hematoxylin and Eosin-stained slides; the nuclear features were different from those described in renal oncocytomas. So, a panel of immunohistochemical markers was performed (anti-CK7, anti-EMA, anti-Vimentin, anti-Thyroglobulin and anti-TTF1). Results: The neoplastic cells showed strong and diffuse cytoplasmic expression for Thyroglobulin and CK7 and nuclear expression for TTF1. The neoplastic cells didn’t express EMA or Vimentin. Based on the characteristic nuclear features detected by Hematoxylin and Eosin-stained slides and the obtained immunohistochemical results; the diagnosis of metastatic papillary thyroid carcinoma to the kidney was confirmed. Conclusions: Papillary thyroid carcinoma may metastasize to the kidney and form a solitary mass, that could be confused as a primary renal neoplasm.
{"title":"A Metastatic Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Could be Confused Clinically with a Primary Renal Neoplasm; A Case Report and Literature Review","authors":"Noha Ed Hassab El-Naby, M. Mohammed","doi":"10.31557/apjcb.2022.7.2.185-189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31557/apjcb.2022.7.2.185-189","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Papillary thyroid carcinoma is the most common thyroid neoplasm. It has a very high incidence of regional lymph node metastasis at the initial presentation. However, vascular spread is a very uncommon event. Lungs and bones are the most frequent sites of vascular metastasis from papillary thyroid carcinoma. Case concerns: The currently discussed case was obtained from the archive of Pathology laboratory, Sohag University. A 46-year-old female patient admitted to Urology Department, Sohag University, in 2015. The patient had a left loin pain, no other clinical data included in her referral sheet . Radiological findings revealed a renal mass and left radical nephrectomy was performed. Histopathological evaluation revealed a circumscribed neoplasm, formed of densely packed acini with scanty stroma. The patient was diagnosed as renal oncocytoma. On re-evaluation of the Hematoxylin and Eosin-stained slides; the nuclear features were different from those described in renal oncocytomas. So, a panel of immunohistochemical markers was performed (anti-CK7, anti-EMA, anti-Vimentin, anti-Thyroglobulin and anti-TTF1). Results: The neoplastic cells showed strong and diffuse cytoplasmic expression for Thyroglobulin and CK7 and nuclear expression for TTF1. The neoplastic cells didn’t express EMA or Vimentin. Based on the characteristic nuclear features detected by Hematoxylin and Eosin-stained slides and the obtained immunohistochemical results; the diagnosis of metastatic papillary thyroid carcinoma to the kidney was confirmed. Conclusions: Papillary thyroid carcinoma may metastasize to the kidney and form a solitary mass, that could be confused as a primary renal neoplasm.","PeriodicalId":8848,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Biology","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85683038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-14DOI: 10.31557/apjcb.2022.7.2.143-149
T. T. Nguyen, Nga Vu, T. Tran, Hieu T. Hoang, H. Bui
Objective: Primary liver cancer is one of the main causes of cancer mortality globally, with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) being the most frequent type. Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is leading cause of HCC. This study aimed to identify significant genes for predicting prognosis in HBV-associated HCC. Methods: The GSE121248 gene expression profile was obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) for HBV-associated HCC were identified by analyzing this expression profile. Enrichment analyses were performed to discover the role of DEGs in biological processes, cell components, molecular functions, and pathways. Then, protein-protein interaction (PPI) was constructed and 5 hub genes were identified. Finally, survival analysis was conducted to validate the prognostic value of these genes. Results: A total of 20188 official gene symbols were found, and 119 DEGs were identified between HBV-associated HCC and normal liver tissues. The PPI network identified CCNB1, CDK1, TOP2A, RACGAP1, and ASPM as hub genes. Kaplan-Meier curves showed that the high expression of the hub genes had significantly lower survival. Conclusion: CCNB1, CDK1, TOP2A, RACGAP1, and ASPM could be potential prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for HBV-associated HCC.
目的:原发性肝癌是全球癌症死亡的主要原因之一，其中肝细胞癌(HCC)是最常见的类型。慢性乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)感染是HCC的主要原因。本研究旨在确定预测hbv相关HCC预后的重要基因。方法:从gene expression Omnibus (GEO)数据库中获取GSE121248基因表达谱。通过分析这种表达谱，确定了hbv相关HCC的差异表达基因(DEGs)。进行富集分析以发现deg在生物过程，细胞成分，分子功能和途径中的作用。然后构建蛋白-蛋白相互作用(PPI)，鉴定出5个枢纽基因。最后，进行生存分析以验证这些基因的预后价值。结果:共发现20188个官方基因符号，在hbv相关HCC与正常肝组织之间鉴定出119个基因符号。PPI网络鉴定出CCNB1、CDK1、TOP2A、RACGAP1和ASPM为枢纽基因。Kaplan-Meier曲线显示，hub基因的高表达显著降低了存活率。结论:CCNB1、CDK1、TOP2A、RACGAP1和ASPM可能是hbv相关性HCC的潜在预后生物标志物和治疗靶点。
{"title":"Screening and Identification of Key Genes in Hepatitis B Virus-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma Through an Integrated Bioinformatics Approach","authors":"T. T. Nguyen, Nga Vu, T. Tran, Hieu T. Hoang, H. Bui","doi":"10.31557/apjcb.2022.7.2.143-149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31557/apjcb.2022.7.2.143-149","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Primary liver cancer is one of the main causes of cancer mortality globally, with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) being the most frequent type. Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is leading cause of HCC. This study aimed to identify significant genes for predicting prognosis in HBV-associated HCC. Methods: The GSE121248 gene expression profile was obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) for HBV-associated HCC were identified by analyzing this expression profile. Enrichment analyses were performed to discover the role of DEGs in biological processes, cell components, molecular functions, and pathways. Then, protein-protein interaction (PPI) was constructed and 5 hub genes were identified. Finally, survival analysis was conducted to validate the prognostic value of these genes. Results: A total of 20188 official gene symbols were found, and 119 DEGs were identified between HBV-associated HCC and normal liver tissues. The PPI network identified CCNB1, CDK1, TOP2A, RACGAP1, and ASPM as hub genes. Kaplan-Meier curves showed that the high expression of the hub genes had significantly lower survival. Conclusion: CCNB1, CDK1, TOP2A, RACGAP1, and ASPM could be potential prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for HBV-associated HCC.","PeriodicalId":8848,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Biology","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89566877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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