Pub Date : 2020-01-04DOI: 10.6001/biologija.v65i4.4116
J. R. Stonis, A. Diškus, A. Remeikis, K. Nishida
3 Museo de Zoologia, Universidad de Costa Rica & Estación Biológica Monteverde, Apdo. 22-5655, Monteverde, Costa Rica We describe a new species, Ozadelpha nigella Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov., a leaf miner on Symplocos Jacq. (Ericales: Symplocaceae), from the Yungas biogeographical province, South America. We briefly discuss the issues of diagnostics of the recently erected genus Ozadelpha van Nieukerken. The genus is now comprised of four named species having shared characters useful for efficient identification and genus recognition. The new species is illustrated with photographs of the adults, male genitalia and leaf mines.
3哥斯达黎加大学动物博物馆和Estación Biológica Monteverde, Apdo. 22-5655, Monteverde, Costa Rica我们描述了一个新种，Ozadelpha nigella Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov.，一种在Symplocos Jacq上的叶虫。(菊科:蕨科)，产自南美洲云加斯生物地理省。我们简要讨论了最近建立的Ozadelpha van Nieukerken属的诊断问题。该属现在由四个已命名的物种组成，它们具有共同的特征，有助于有效的鉴定和属识别。这一新物种附有成虫、雄性生殖器和叶矿的照片。
{"title":"Discovery of a new species of Ozadelpha van Nieukerken sheds more light on the diagnostics of this controversial genus of Nepticulidae (Lepidoptera)","authors":"J. R. Stonis, A. Diškus, A. Remeikis, K. Nishida","doi":"10.6001/biologija.v65i4.4116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6001/biologija.v65i4.4116","url":null,"abstract":"3 Museo de Zoologia, Universidad de Costa Rica & Estación Biológica Monteverde, Apdo. 22-5655, Monteverde, Costa Rica We describe a new species, Ozadelpha nigella Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov., a leaf miner on Symplocos Jacq. (Ericales: Symplocaceae), from the Yungas biogeographical province, South America. We briefly discuss the issues of diagnostics of the recently erected genus Ozadelpha van Nieukerken. The genus is now comprised of four named species having shared characters useful for efficient identification and genus recognition. The new species is illustrated with photographs of the adults, male genitalia and leaf mines.","PeriodicalId":8858,"journal":{"name":"Biologija","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85832869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-04DOI: 10.6001/biologija.v65i4.4117
M. Danchenko, H. Ruban, O. Danchenko, O. Yakoviichuk, V. Klimashevskyi, T. Konovalenko, Olena Sukharenko, Tetiana Haponenko
3 O. V. Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Leontovycha St., 9, Kyiv 02000, Ukraine During prolonged storage at low temperatures, meat quality deteriorates due to the activation of the oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids. The use of antioxidants in feeding birds to the prefabricated period and during storage of meat significantly inhibits its oxidative damage and prolongs the terms of storage. Vitamin E is traditionally used as one of the most effective fat-soluble antioxidants. The purpose of the work was conducting a comparative analysis of the effects of high content of vitamin E, depending on the technology of its application, on the oxidative damage of geese meat in the course of low temperature storage. The meat of the first experimental sample was obtained from geese that received feed with twice the content of vitamin E in the pre-slaughter period. The meat of the second test sample was obtained by treating geese meat with a vitamin E solution, before low temperature storage. The results of the experiment proved that regardless of the technology of vitamin E application, it contributes to the inhibition of the oxidative damage. An increase of vitamin E dose in the geese dietary is more effective . The content of secondary lipoperoxidation products in the meat of the control sample stored for 210 days increased by 5.3 times, in the first test sample by 2.5 times, and in the second sample by 4.6 times. An additional use of vitamin E in both studied samples contributed to the preservation of unsaturated fatty acids, but the mechanisms of exposure and changes in the content of individual acids in experimental samples are significantly different.
{"title":"The effect of vitamin E on the quality of geese meat","authors":"M. Danchenko, H. Ruban, O. Danchenko, O. Yakoviichuk, V. Klimashevskyi, T. Konovalenko, Olena Sukharenko, Tetiana Haponenko","doi":"10.6001/biologija.v65i4.4117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6001/biologija.v65i4.4117","url":null,"abstract":"3 O. V. Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Leontovycha St., 9, Kyiv 02000, Ukraine During prolonged storage at low temperatures, meat quality deteriorates due to the activation of the oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids. The use of antioxidants in feeding birds to the prefabricated period and during storage of meat significantly inhibits its oxidative damage and prolongs the terms of storage. Vitamin E is traditionally used as one of the most effective fat-soluble antioxidants. The purpose of the work was conducting a comparative analysis of the effects of high content of vitamin E, depending on the technology of its application, on the oxidative damage of geese meat in the course of low temperature storage. The meat of the first experimental sample was obtained from geese that received feed with twice the content of vitamin E in the pre-slaughter period. The meat of the second test sample was obtained by treating geese meat with a vitamin E solution, before low temperature storage. The results of the experiment proved that regardless of the technology of vitamin E application, it contributes to the inhibition of the oxidative damage. An increase of vitamin E dose in the geese dietary is more effective . The content of secondary lipoperoxidation products in the meat of the control sample stored for 210 days increased by 5.3 times, in the first test sample by 2.5 times, and in the second sample by 4.6 times. An additional use of vitamin E in both studied samples contributed to the preservation of unsaturated fatty acids, but the mechanisms of exposure and changes in the content of individual acids in experimental samples are significantly different.","PeriodicalId":8858,"journal":{"name":"Biologija","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88591552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-12DOI: 10.6001/biologija.v65i3.4090
M. Zolfaghari, F. Salimpour, F. Sharifnia, M. Peyvandi, S. Marandi
Ficus carica L. (Moraceae) is one of the most important crop plants widely cultivated in different parts of the world. Several wild or cultivated populations of it grow in various regions of Iran. In the current research, we evaluated morphological and molecular SSR methods in order to investigate infraspecific variations in this species and introduce possible phenotypes/genotypes among its populations. For this, 14 populations were selected from different parts of the country. We evaluated 27 qualitative and quantitative morphological traits of both reproductive and vegetative organs. The ANOVA test revealed significant variations for most of the quantitative variables; moreover, qualitative features differed among populations. Significant correlations were found between some morphological characteristics with ecological factors of habitats. According to the UPGMA tree, four morphotypes existed among these populations. CA-joined plot revealed that each group was identified by some morphological variables. In addition, parameters of genetic diversity varied among the studied populations, while the AMOVA test showed significant variations, most of which belonged to the variations within the population. According to the UPGMA tree, MDS and PCoA plots, the studied populations were divided into four distinct genotypes. In addition, the UPGMA tree based on Nei genetic diversity and Structure analyses confirmed these groups. Three groups were monotypic and the fourth was composed of eleven populations. Patterns of population clustering based on the morphological traits were not similar to those of SSR data. Therefore we concluded that environmental factors had strong effects on the population’s phenotype and genotypes were not recognized by their phenotypes.
{"title":"Infraspecific morphological and genetic variations of Ficus carica L. from Iran","authors":"M. Zolfaghari, F. Salimpour, F. Sharifnia, M. Peyvandi, S. Marandi","doi":"10.6001/biologija.v65i3.4090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6001/biologija.v65i3.4090","url":null,"abstract":"Ficus carica L. (Moraceae) is one of the most important crop plants widely cultivated in different parts of the world. Several wild or cultivated populations of it grow in various regions of Iran. In the current research, we evaluated morphological and molecular SSR methods in order to investigate infraspecific variations in this species and introduce possible phenotypes/genotypes among its populations. For this, 14 populations were selected from different parts of the country. We evaluated 27 qualitative and quantitative morphological traits of both reproductive and vegetative organs. The ANOVA test revealed significant variations for most of the quantitative variables; moreover, qualitative features differed among populations. Significant correlations were found between some morphological characteristics with ecological factors of habitats. According to the UPGMA tree, four morphotypes existed among these populations. CA-joined plot revealed that each group was identified by some morphological variables. In addition, parameters of genetic diversity varied among the studied populations, while the AMOVA test showed significant variations, most of which belonged to the variations within the population. According to the UPGMA tree, MDS and PCoA plots, the studied populations were divided into four distinct genotypes. In addition, the UPGMA tree based on Nei genetic diversity and Structure analyses confirmed these groups. Three groups were monotypic and the fourth was composed of eleven populations. Patterns of population clustering based on the morphological traits were not similar to those of SSR data. Therefore we concluded that environmental factors had strong effects on the population’s phenotype and genotypes were not recognized by their phenotypes.","PeriodicalId":8858,"journal":{"name":"Biologija","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75651031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-12DOI: 10.6001/biologija.v65i3.4084
J. R. Stonis, A. Remeikis, S. Vargas
We document a sample of Stigmella pruinosa Puplesis & Robinson, 2000, collected for the first time in Colombia in 2019. We also provide updated data on the biology and significantly wider distribution of the species, and describe outstanding sexual dimorphism of S. pruinosa. The males possess seven different androconia on both sides of the forewing, upper side of hindwing, and the abdomen. Some of these androconia were previously either unknown or poorly illustrated.
{"title":"Stigmella pruinosa (Lepidoptera: Nepticulidae), a species feeding on Guazuma and exhibiting extraordinary sexual dimorphism, now known to be occurring from Mexico to Colombia","authors":"J. R. Stonis, A. Remeikis, S. Vargas","doi":"10.6001/biologija.v65i3.4084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6001/biologija.v65i3.4084","url":null,"abstract":"We document a sample of Stigmella pruinosa Puplesis & Robinson, 2000, collected for the first time in Colombia in 2019. We also provide updated data on the biology and significantly wider distribution of the species, and describe outstanding sexual dimorphism of S. pruinosa. The males possess seven different androconia on both sides of the forewing, upper side of hindwing, and the abdomen. Some of these androconia were previously either unknown or poorly illustrated.","PeriodicalId":8858,"journal":{"name":"Biologija","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78443701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-12DOI: 10.6001/biologija.v65i3.4088
I. Oboh, B. Okpara
Consumption of fish is a primary route of exposure to heavy metals that could be detrimental to human health due to the tendency of bioaccumulation and biomagnification along the food chain. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accumulation of heavy metals (Ni, Zn, Pb, Fe, and Cr) in two commercially available fishes, Clarias gariepinus and Parachanna obscura, and to estimate the health risks they pose to humans through consumption. Twenty-four (24) fish samples (triplicates for each month for the two species) were collected between July and October 2017. Heavy metals were identified using the atomic absorption spectrophotometer and the health risk to consumers was evaluated using Estimated Daily Intake (EDI), the Target Hazard Quotient (THQ), and the Hazard Index (HI). The THQ for the individual metals in C. gariepinus and P. obscura occurred in the decreasing order of Cr > Pb > Ni and Cr > Pb > Ni > Fe with risk values of 0.015, 0.004, and 0.001, and 0.014, 0.010, 0.002, and 0.001, respectively. The hazard index for C. gariepinus and P. obscura were 0.021 and 0.027, respectively. The values of the hazard index values of the two fish species were below the threshold value of 1, an indication of no potential health risk to consumers of the fishes. However, with the occurrence of bioaccumulation of metals in the studied fishes, regular monitoring of the river is recommended.
{"title":"Bioaccumulation of heavy metals and assessment of the human health risk of consumption of Clarias gariepinus and Parachanna obscura from the Owan River, Edo State, Nigeria","authors":"I. Oboh, B. Okpara","doi":"10.6001/biologija.v65i3.4088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6001/biologija.v65i3.4088","url":null,"abstract":"Consumption of fish is a primary route of exposure to heavy metals that could be detrimental to human health due to the tendency of bioaccumulation and biomagnification along the food chain. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accumulation of heavy metals (Ni, Zn, Pb, Fe, and Cr) in two commercially available fishes, Clarias gariepinus and Parachanna obscura, and to estimate the health risks they pose to humans through consumption. Twenty-four (24) fish samples (triplicates for each month for the two species) were collected between July and October 2017. Heavy metals were identified using the atomic absorption spectrophotometer and the health risk to consumers was evaluated using Estimated Daily Intake (EDI), the Target Hazard Quotient (THQ), and the Hazard Index (HI). The THQ for the individual metals in C. gariepinus and P. obscura occurred in the decreasing order of Cr > Pb > Ni and Cr > Pb > Ni > Fe with risk values of 0.015, 0.004, and 0.001, and 0.014, 0.010, 0.002, and 0.001, respectively. The hazard index for C. gariepinus and P. obscura were 0.021 and 0.027, respectively. The values of the hazard index values of the two fish species were below the threshold value of 1, an indication of no potential health risk to consumers of the fishes. However, with the occurrence of bioaccumulation of metals in the studied fishes, regular monitoring of the river is recommended.","PeriodicalId":8858,"journal":{"name":"Biologija","volume":"90 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83910992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-12DOI: 10.6001/biologija.v65i3.4086
S. Grabovskyi, O. Grabovska, V. Havryliak, L. Kalachniuk, A. Velyka
An increase in the cortisol and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) concentration in blood is observed in various diseases, and especially under stress conditions, which explains why they are referred to as stress hormones. The paper presents the results of measuring the cortisol level in the blood of laboratory animals (rats), of the ACTH level in the blood of bulls, and the cortisol and ACTH level in the blood of the boars under the pre-slaughter stress of these animals. Depending on the priority of animal removal from the cage, the cortisol level increased by nearly 1.5 times (Р < 0.01) in rats and by nearly five times (Р < 0.05) in animals that were removed from each cage last. The ACTH concentration in the blood plasma of bulls before setting a study (preparatory period) was 1.3 times lower (P ≤ 0.01) compared with its content in the blood plasma of the bulls immediately before their transportation to a slaughterhouse. The changes in the cortisol and ACTH content in the blood plasma of the boars were similar. The results of our studies could be of interest in correcting hormonal adaptation to negative consequences of stress effect during the pre-slaughter period in animals used for industrial production of meat.
{"title":"Pre-slaughter stress affects cortisol and adrenocorticotropic hormone levels in the blood of animals","authors":"S. Grabovskyi, O. Grabovska, V. Havryliak, L. Kalachniuk, A. Velyka","doi":"10.6001/biologija.v65i3.4086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6001/biologija.v65i3.4086","url":null,"abstract":"An increase in the cortisol and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) concentration in blood is observed in various diseases, and especially under stress conditions, which explains why they are referred to as stress hormones. The paper presents the results of measuring the cortisol level in the blood of laboratory animals (rats), of the ACTH level in the blood of bulls, and the cortisol and ACTH level in the blood of the boars under the pre-slaughter stress of these animals. Depending on the priority of animal removal from the cage, the cortisol level increased by nearly 1.5 times (Р < 0.01) in rats and by nearly five times (Р < 0.05) in animals that were removed from each cage last. The ACTH concentration in the blood plasma of bulls before setting a study (preparatory period) was 1.3 times lower (P ≤ 0.01) compared with its content in the blood plasma of the bulls immediately before their transportation to a slaughterhouse. The changes in the cortisol and ACTH content in the blood plasma of the boars were similar. The results of our studies could be of interest in correcting hormonal adaptation to negative consequences of stress effect during the pre-slaughter period in animals used for industrial production of meat.","PeriodicalId":8858,"journal":{"name":"Biologija","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79182046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-12DOI: 10.6001/biologija.v65i3.4089
N. Matvienko, N. Svechkova
The purpose of this research paper was to study the influence of humic substances on the potentially pathogenic microbial flora extracted from various species of fish. All the substances were obtained by the original technology of the Djala Gold Company, Dnepropetrovsk, Ukraine. Investigations were based at the Department of Ichthyopathology of the Institute of Fisheries of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine. The results of the investigation showed that such a substance as potassium humate had no significant impact on the growth of pathogenic microorganisms, and in some cases contributed to a more intensive growth of the bacterial flora. At the same time, it does not have a negative impact on the autochthonous heterotrophic flora of the intestine of such fish as a carp (Cyprinus carpio) and a channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus). Such substances as the compound of silver humate and methylene blue are characterized by a significant antimicrobial activity; they are promising for further research and application in the complex therapy and in the treatment of bacterial infections of fish.
{"title":"Investigation into the influence of humic substances on the potentially pathogenic flora of fish","authors":"N. Matvienko, N. Svechkova","doi":"10.6001/biologija.v65i3.4089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6001/biologija.v65i3.4089","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this research paper was to study the influence of humic substances on the potentially pathogenic microbial flora extracted from various species of fish. All the substances were obtained by the original technology of the Djala Gold Company, Dnepropetrovsk, Ukraine. Investigations were based at the Department of Ichthyopathology of the Institute of Fisheries of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine. The results of the investigation showed that such a substance as potassium humate had no significant impact on the growth of pathogenic microorganisms, and in some cases contributed to a more intensive growth of the bacterial flora. At the same time, it does not have a negative impact on the autochthonous heterotrophic flora of the intestine of such fish as a carp (Cyprinus carpio) and a channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus). Such substances as the compound of silver humate and methylene blue are characterized by a significant antimicrobial activity; they are promising for further research and application in the complex therapy and in the treatment of bacterial infections of fish.","PeriodicalId":8858,"journal":{"name":"Biologija","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72957025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-12DOI: 10.6001/biologija.v65i3.4087
Marzieh Piryaei, M. B. Asl, M. M. Abolghasemi
Flavonoids, anthocyanins, antioxidant capability, total content of phenolic and ascorbic acid of Cornus mas of frozen and dried for polar and non-polar subfraction were evaluated in this work. Antioxidant activities of the samples were determined by three testing systems, namely, DPPH, β-carotene/linoleic acid, and reducing power assay. In the DPPH system, the highest radical scavenging activity was seen in the polar subfraction of the methanol extract in frozen fruits (IC50 = 25.15 ± 6.5 µg mL–1). Comparison of two methods of extraction, maceration and the ultrasonic method, showed that the results of maceration are better than those of the ultrasonic method. These advantages are visible in extracting the flavonoids, anthocyanins, antioxidant capability, and the total content of phenolic and ascorbic acid.
{"title":"The effect of freezing and drying Cornus mas L. from phenols, flavonoids, anthocyanins, and total content of ascorbic acid and antioxidant activity in two methods","authors":"Marzieh Piryaei, M. B. Asl, M. M. Abolghasemi","doi":"10.6001/biologija.v65i3.4087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6001/biologija.v65i3.4087","url":null,"abstract":"Flavonoids, anthocyanins, antioxidant capability, total content of phenolic and ascorbic acid of Cornus mas of frozen and dried for polar and non-polar subfraction were evaluated in this work. Antioxidant activities of the samples were determined by three testing systems, namely, DPPH, β-carotene/linoleic acid, and reducing power assay. In the DPPH system, the highest radical scavenging activity was seen in the polar subfraction of the methanol extract in frozen fruits (IC50 = 25.15 ± 6.5 µg mL–1). Comparison of two methods of extraction, maceration and the ultrasonic method, showed that the results of maceration are better than those of the ultrasonic method. These advantages are visible in extracting the flavonoids, anthocyanins, antioxidant capability, and the total content of phenolic and ascorbic acid.","PeriodicalId":8858,"journal":{"name":"Biologija","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73077726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-12DOI: 10.6001/biologija.v65i3.4085
Yu. P. Rud’, N. Matvienko, L. P. Buchatskiy
Spring Viraemia of Carp Virus (SVCV) has been well documented since the 1960s. This virus infection generally results in an acute haemorrhagic syndrome with septicaemia and associated high mortality. During a fish health inspection in carp farms in the Eastern region of Ukraine, SVCV was isolated from yearlings of the common carp Cyprinus carpio. For virus isolation and characterisation, methods of cell culture, EM, PCR, and sequencing were used. Preliminary examination of infected fish revealed a range of lesions, particularly in spleen and kidney tissues. The virus grew in fish cell lines of FHM and EPC with infectious titre of 106.2–6.5 and 106.9–7.4 TCID50/ml, respectively. Investigation by electron microscopy demonstrated that ultrastructurally the isolated virus was similar to rhabdoviruses. Virions were non-enveloped with a typical bullet profile, approximately 80 to 180 nm in length and 60 to 90 nm in diameter. In addition, the nucleotide sequence of the glycoprotein gene G fragment in size of 579 base pairs was analysed. The nucleotide sequence was registered at GenBank under the accession number MH043331. The phylogenetic analysis revealed a close relationship of East Ukrainian isolates of SVCV with sequences that represent the strains from genogroup Ib.
{"title":"Characterisation of a newly isolated SVCV strain in Ukraine","authors":"Yu. P. Rud’, N. Matvienko, L. P. Buchatskiy","doi":"10.6001/biologija.v65i3.4085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6001/biologija.v65i3.4085","url":null,"abstract":"Spring Viraemia of Carp Virus (SVCV) has been well documented since the 1960s. This virus infection generally results in an acute haemorrhagic syndrome with septicaemia and associated high mortality. During a fish health inspection in carp farms in the Eastern region of Ukraine, SVCV was isolated from yearlings of the common carp Cyprinus carpio. For virus isolation and characterisation, methods of cell culture, EM, PCR, and sequencing were used. Preliminary examination of infected fish revealed a range of lesions, particularly in spleen and kidney tissues. The virus grew in fish cell lines of FHM and EPC with infectious titre of 106.2–6.5 and 106.9–7.4 TCID50/ml, respectively. Investigation by electron microscopy demonstrated that ultrastructurally the isolated virus was similar to rhabdoviruses. Virions were non-enveloped with a typical bullet profile, approximately 80 to 180 nm in length and 60 to 90 nm in diameter. In addition, the nucleotide sequence of the glycoprotein gene G fragment in size of 579 base pairs was analysed. The nucleotide sequence was registered at GenBank under the accession number MH043331. The phylogenetic analysis revealed a close relationship of East Ukrainian isolates of SVCV with sequences that represent the strains from genogroup Ib.","PeriodicalId":8858,"journal":{"name":"Biologija","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82284466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-02DOI: 10.6001/biologija.v65i2.4024
A. Asgari, K. Khoshbakht, S. Soufizadeh
This study evaluated the effects of farmers’ socio-economic conditions on crop biodiversity in three villages located within the non-hunting region of Gharaviz and four villages in the surrounding area in western Iran. Information used in the study was collected during farm visits and by way of questionnaires and interviews with farmers and agricultural experts in the region. The following parameters were used for evaluations; cultivated species, area under cultivation, farmer’s age, farmers’ level of education, and sources providing a farmer’s income. Results suggested that farmers’ average age in rural areas was 50 years and in terms of gender, men accounted for more than 87% of heads of households. Farmers’ level of education in the region showed that 44% of them were illiterate and the condition was undesirable. An average size of a household in all rural areas was 5.4 persons, indicating moderately sized families. The main source of income for farmers’ families was farming, which accounted for about 75% of their total income. Animal husbandry was identified as the second most important source of income for farmers. The correlation between these parameters and biodiversity indices showed that gender, education level, household size, and the percentage of a farmer’s income from cultivation all had an effect on biodiversity indices in the area.
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