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Mediator role of resilience in the relationship between social support and work life balance 复原力在社会支持和工作与生活平衡关系中的中介作用
IF 2.7 4区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2021-03-17 DOI: 10.1080/00049530.2021.1895678
Sevda Köse, Beril Baykal, I. Bayat
ABSTRACT Objective In this study, we examined the mediating role of resilience in the relationship between social support and work–life balance. Method Questionnaires administered face-to-face were completed by 434 volunteer participants working in the service sector in the Kocaeli province of Turkey who were recruited through convenience sampling. Structural Equation Model was performed on the collected data. Analyses were performed using IBM SPSS 21 and AMOS 22. Results Findings showed that resilience had a mediating role in the relationship between social support and work–life balance, and the three variables were positively related to each other. Conclusions Social support primarily affects the resilience levels of individuals, which, in turn, affects work–life balance. The increase in the level of social support of individuals also increases their resilience, and this positive change in the level of resilience positively affects work-life balance. The findings of the study are discussed on the basis of the relevant literature.KEY POINTS What is already known about this topic: (1) Recent changes in organisations and employee demographics have made work–life balance more important. (2) Ensuring work–life balance is important for both organisations and individuals. (3) Both personal and social determinants play an important role in ensuring work–life balance. What this topic adds: (1) There are few studies showing the effect of resilience on the relationship between social support and work–life balance. (2) Social support is considered one of the protective factors of resilience. (3) Resilience is considered a personality trait that is effective in maintaining work–life balance.
摘要目的在本研究中,我们检验了韧性在社会支持和工作生活平衡关系中的中介作用。方法对434名在土耳其科卡埃利省服务业工作的志愿者进行面对面问卷调查。对收集的数据进行结构方程模型。使用IBM SPSS 21和AMOS 22进行分析。结果研究结果表明,复原力在社会支持和工作生活平衡之间的关系中起着中介作用,三个变量之间呈正相关。结论社会支持主要影响个体的适应力水平,而适应力水平又影响工作与生活的平衡。个人社会支持水平的提高也提高了他们的复原力,复原力水平的这种积极变化对工作与生活的平衡产生了积极影响。在相关文献的基础上对研究结果进行了讨论。关键点关于这个话题已经知道的:(1)最近组织和员工人口结构的变化使工作与生活的平衡变得更加重要。(2) 确保工作与生活的平衡对组织和个人都很重要。(3) 个人和社会决定因素在确保工作与生活平衡方面都发挥着重要作用。本主题补充道:(1)很少有研究表明韧性对社会支持和工作生活平衡之间关系的影响。(2) 社会支持被认为是恢复力的保护因素之一。(3) 韧性被认为是一种有效维持工作与生活平衡的人格特征。
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引用次数: 7
The prevalence of psychological distress in an Australian TAFE sample and the relationships between psychological distress, emotion-focused coping and academic success 澳大利亚TAFE样本中心理困扰的患病率以及心理困扰、情绪集中应对和学业成功之间的关系
IF 2.7 4区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2021-03-15 DOI: 10.1080/00049530.2021.1883408
Kylie Rice, A. Rock, Elizabeth Murrell, G. Tyson
ABSTRACT Objective This study investigated the baseline prevalence of general psychological distress reported by students in a regional Technical and Further Education (TAFE) Institute in Australia. In addition, the relationship between psychological distress, emotion-focused coping and academic success at the end of one semester of study was explored. Method Three hundred and four participants (M = 32.00, SD = 13.12) completed measures of psychological distress (Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale, 21 item) and emotion-focused coping (Coping in Stressful Situations Checklist). Academic success (i.e., module completion rate at the end of the semester) was also quantified. Results Consistent with university samples, the results suggest that TAFE students have higher levels of psychological distress when compared with normative data. Participants with higher levels of distress also reported applying emotion-focused coping strategies, and had reduced academic success at the end of the semester. The relationship between distress and academic success was mediated by emotion-focused coping. Conclusions This study serves to increase awareness about the possibility of an elevated prevalence of psychological distress in vocational TAFE students, their self-reported use of maladaptive emotion-focused coping strategies, and the relationship with academic outcomes. The findings also suggest potential targets for intervention with this population. KEY POINTS What is already known about this topic: (1) Recent research indicates that Australian tertiary students have a higher prevalence of psychological distress than the general population. (2) Psychological distress has been found to be associated with poorer academic outcomes and the application of less adaptive coping strategies. (3) The majority of research has been conducted using university samples, and minimal research has been undertaken in the Vocational Education and Training sector, despite its prominence in Australian post-secondary education. What this study adds: (1) Consistent with research conducted in university samples, this study indicated that a sample of TAFE students reported higher levels of psychological distress when compared with normative data. (2) Higher levels of distress were associated with the application of emotion-focused coping strategies, as well as reduced academic success at the end of the semester. (3) The relationship between psychological distress and academic success was mediated by emotion-focused coping.
摘要目的本研究调查了澳大利亚某地区技术与继续教育研究所(TAFE)学生报告的一般心理困扰的基线患病率。此外,在一个学期的研究结束时,还探讨了心理困扰、情绪集中应对与学业成功之间的关系。方法304名受试者(M=32.00,SD=113.12)完成了心理困扰量表(抑郁、焦虑和压力量表,21项)和情绪应对量表(压力情境应对量表)。学业成功率(即学期末的模块完成率)也进行了量化。结果与大学样本一致,结果表明,与标准数据相比,TAFE学生的心理困扰程度更高。痛苦程度较高的参与者还报告说,他们采用了以情绪为中心的应对策略,并在学期末降低了学业成功率。痛苦与学业成功之间的关系是由以情绪为中心的应对方式介导的。结论本研究有助于提高人们对职业TAFE学生心理困扰患病率升高的可能性、他们自我报告的以情绪为中心的应对策略的使用情况以及与学业成绩的关系的认识。研究结果还提出了对这一人群进行干预的潜在目标。关键点关于这个话题的已知情况:(1)最近的研究表明,澳大利亚大学生的心理困扰发生率高于普通人群。(2) 研究发现,心理困扰与较差的学业成绩和适应性较差的应对策略的应用有关。(3) 大多数研究都是使用大学样本进行的,尽管职业教育和培训部门在澳大利亚高等教育中很突出,但在该部门进行的研究很少。这项研究补充道:(1)与在大学样本中进行的研究一致,这项研究表明,与标准数据相比,TAFE学生样本的心理困扰程度更高。(2) 更高程度的痛苦与以情绪为中心的应对策略的应用以及学期末学业成功率的降低有关。(3) 心理困扰与学业成功之间的关系是由以情绪为中心的应对调节的。
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引用次数: 3
Sports-specific metacognitions: associations with flow state in triathletes 运动专项元认知:与铁人三项运动员心流状态的关联
IF 2.7 4区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2021-03-10 DOI: 10.1080/00049530.2021.1882267
S. Love, L. Kannis-Dymand, G. Lovell
ABSTRACT Objectives This study investigated associations between triathletes’ sports-specific metacognitive beliefs, metacognitive processes measured prior to a triathlon (n = 193), and in-event flow measured post event (n = 76).. Method The Metacognitive questionnaires were administered to triathletes one day prior to the event, and the flow scale was administered just following the event. Bivariate correlations were used to test relationships with individual flow dimensions, while stepwise regressions were used to determine the strongest metacognitive predictors of meta processes and flow. Results Correlations indicated that metacognitive beliefs were negatively associated with various specific dimensions of flow (Cohen’s f2 = .28), while metacognitive processes positively associated with flow dimensions (Cohen’s f 2 = .49). Stepwise regressions revealed that specific metacognitive beliefs were negatively associated with metacognitive processes during competition (Cohen’s f2 = .08 to .49), including the coordination, evaluation and control of cognition. Further regressions demonstrated that negative beliefs about competitive thinking, thought control, and cognitive coordination predicted experience of flow during competition. Conclusions Overall, this study demonstrated that sports specific metacognitive beliefs and processes may influence the regulation of flow during a competition, however, further research using longitudinal and qualitative methodologies is required to understand the relationships further KEY POINTS (1)Flow state has been well established as mental state for optimal performance. (2)Manifesting flow requires effective self-regulation of attention and cognition. (3)Metacognitions have shown to influence attention and flow in athletes. (4)Sports-specific metacognitions were associated with various dimensions of flow state. (5)Sports-specific metacognitive beliefs predicted self-regulatory ability prior to performances. (6)Sports-specific metacognitions predicted the experience of flow during performances.
摘要目的本研究调查了铁人三项运动员的运动专项元认知信念、铁人三项比赛前测量的元认知过程(n=193)和比赛后测量的项目内流量(n=76)之间的关系。。方法在比赛前一天对铁人三项运动员进行元认知问卷调查,并在比赛结束后进行流量表。双变量相关性用于测试与个体流动维度的关系,而逐步回归用于确定元过程和流动的最强元认知预测因子。结果相关分析表明,元认知信念与流量的各个特定维度呈负相关(Cohen’s f2=0.28),而元认知过程与流动维度呈正相关(Cohen的f2=.49)。逐步回归表明,特定的元认知信念与比赛中的元认知过程呈负相关(Cohen's f2=.08至.49),包括认知的协调、评估和控制。进一步的回归表明,关于竞争思维、思维控制和认知协调的消极信念预测了比赛中的流畅体验。结论总的来说,这项研究表明,运动特定的元认知信念和过程可能会影响比赛中的流量调节,然而,需要使用纵向和定性方法进行进一步的研究,以进一步了解这些关系。关键点(1)流量状态已被很好地确定为最佳表现的心理状态。(2) 流动的表现需要注意力和认知的有效自我调节。(3) 元认知已被证明会影响运动员的注意力和流畅性。(4) 运动专项元认知与流动状态的各个维度有关。(5) 运动特有的元认知信念预测了表演前的自我调节能力。(6) 特定于运动的元认知预测了表演过程中的流畅体验。
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引用次数: 2
Belonging: A Review of Conceptual Issues, an Integrative Framework, and Directions for Future Research. 归属:概念问题综述、整合框架与未来研究方向。
IF 2.7 4区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2021-03-10 Epub Date: 2021-04-30 DOI: 10.1080/00049530.2021.1883409
Kelly-Ann Allen, Margaret L Kern, Christopher S Rozek, Dennis McInereney, George M Slavich

Objective: A sense of belonging-the subjective feeling of deep connection with social groups, physical places, and individual and collective experiences-is a fundamental human need that predicts numerous mental, physical, social, economic, and behavioural outcomes. However, varying perspectives on how belonging should be conceptualised, assessed, and cultivated has hampered much-needed progress on this timely and important topic. To address these critical issues, we conducted a narrative review that summarizes existing perspectives on belonging, describes a new integrative framework for understanding and studying belonging, and identifies several key avenues for future research and practice.

Method: We searched relevant databases, including Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, PsycInfo, and ClinicalTrials.gov, for articles describing belonging, instruments for assessing belonging, and interventions for increasing belonging.

Results: By identifying the core components of belonging, we introduce a new integrative framework for understanding, assessing, and cultivating belonging that focuses on four interrelated components: competencies, opportunities, motivations, and perceptions.

Conclusion: This integrative framework enhances our understanding of the basic nature and features of belonging, provides a foundation for future interdisciplinary research on belonging and belongingness, and highlights how a robust sense of belonging may be cultivated to improve human health and resilience for individuals and communities worldwide.

目的:归属感——与社会群体、物理场所、个人和集体经历的深刻联系的主观感觉——是一种基本的人类需求,它预测了许多心理、身体、社会、经济和行为结果。然而,关于归属应该如何概念化、评估和培养的不同观点阻碍了在这一及时而重要的主题上急需的进展。为了解决这些关键问题,我们进行了一项叙述性回顾,总结了关于归属感的现有观点,描述了一个新的理解和研究归属感的综合框架,并确定了未来研究和实践的几个关键途径。方法:检索相关数据库,包括Google Scholar、PubMed、Scopus、PsycInfo和ClinicalTrials.gov,检索描述归属感的文章、评估归属感的工具和增加归属感的干预措施。结果:通过识别归属感的核心组成部分,我们引入了一个新的综合框架来理解、评估和培养归属感,该框架关注四个相互关联的组成部分:能力、机会、动机和感知。结论:这一整合框架增强了我们对归属感的基本性质和特征的理解,为未来归属感和归属感的跨学科研究提供了基础,并强调了如何培养强大的归属感来改善全球个人和社区的健康和适应能力。
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引用次数: 112
The role of inflated responsibility beliefs in predicting symptoms of generalised anxiety disorder and depression 夸大的责任信念在预测广泛性焦虑症和抑郁症症状中的作用
IF 2.7 4区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2021-03-01 DOI: 10.1080/00049530.2021.1882268
Simone Avard, David Garratt-Reed
ABSTRACT Objective: Inflated responsibility beliefs encompass responsibility attitudes, the general tendency to accept responsibility, and responsibility interpretations, the appraisals of specific intrusive thoughts as indicating personal responsibility for harm. While inflated responsibility beliefs are central to obsessive-compulsive disorder, it is unclear whether they are also related to other disorder symptomology. Consequently, the current study investigated whether inflated responsibility beliefs predicted unique variance in symptoms of depression and generalised anxiety disorder in a non-clinical sample, after controlling for negative affect. Method: Participants were undergraduate psychology students and community members (N = 182, 43 males, 136 females, 3 non-binary), aged 18-70 years (M = 27.71, SD = 11.86) recruited through convenience and snowball sampling. A cross-sectional, correlational design was employed, whereby participants completed an online questionnaire. Data were analysed using two separate hierarchical multiple regression analyses, one with generalised anxiety disorder symptoms as the criterion and one with depression symptoms as the criterion. Results: After controlling for negative affect and age, an increase in responsibility attitudes uniquely predicted a significant small increase in generalised anxiety disorder symptoms, sr 2 = .03, 95% CI [.02, .08], p < .001, but not depression symptoms. Responsibility interpretations did not predict significant unique variance in depression or generalised anxiety disorder symptoms. Conclusions: Results suggest responsibility attitudes relate to symptoms of some disorders (i.e., generalised anxiety disorder), but not all psychopathology (i.e., depression). Responsibility attitudes should potentially be considered in aetiological models of generalised anxiety disorder. Results suggest responsibility interpretations are not transdiagnostic, although measurement difficulties render this unclear. KEY POINTS What is already known about this topic: Inflated responsibility beliefs were first discussed in relation to obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and have since been established as central to OCD symptomology. However, it remains unclear whether inflated responsibility beliefs are specific to OCD or represent a general cognitive bias, due to inconsistent study methodology and findings. While reasonably strong evidence exists to suggest that inflated responsibility beliefs may be associated with symptoms of generalised anxiety disorder, these studies have used problematic measures. Limited research has examined the association between inflated responsibility beliefs and depression symptoms, and available research has produced conflicting findings. What this topic adds: The current study is the first to examine responsibility beliefs in relation to symptoms of depression and generalised anxiety disorder using the Responsibility Attitudes Scale/Responsibility Interpretations Questionn
摘要目的:夸大的责任信念包括责任态度、接受责任的普遍倾向和责任解释,即对特定侵入性思想的评价,表明个人对伤害负有责任。虽然夸大的责任信念是强迫症的核心,但尚不清楚它们是否也与其他强迫症症状有关。因此,目前的研究调查了在控制负面影响后,膨胀的责任信念是否预测了非临床样本中抑郁症和广泛性焦虑症症状的独特差异。方法:参与者为心理学本科生和社区成员(N=182,43名男性,136名女性,3名非二进制),年龄18-70岁(M=27.71,SD=11.86)。采用横断面相关设计,参与者完成在线问卷调查。数据采用两种独立的分层多元回归分析进行分析,一种以广泛性焦虑症症状为标准,另一种以抑郁症状为标准。结果:在控制了负面情绪和年龄后,责任态度的增加唯一地预测了广泛性焦虑症症状的显著小幅增加,sr2=.03,95%CI[.02,.08],p<.001,但不是抑郁症状。责任解释不能预测抑郁症或广泛性焦虑症症状的显著独特差异。结论:研究结果表明,责任态度与某些疾病(即广泛性焦虑症)的症状有关,但并非所有精神病理学(即抑郁症)都有关系。在广泛性焦虑症的病因模型中,应潜在地考虑责任态度。结果表明,责任解释不是跨诊断的,尽管测量困难使其不清楚。关键点关于这个话题已经知道的内容:膨胀的责任信念最初被讨论与强迫症(OCD)有关,后来被确立为强迫症症状学的核心。然而,由于研究方法和结果不一致,目前尚不清楚夸大的责任信念是强迫症特有的,还是代表了普遍的认知偏见。虽然有相当有力的证据表明,夸大的责任信念可能与广泛性焦虑症的症状有关,但这些研究使用了有问题的测量方法。有限的研究考察了夸大的责任信念和抑郁症状之间的联系,现有的研究产生了相互矛盾的结果。本主题补充道:本研究首次使用责任态度量表/责任解释问卷调查了责任信念与抑郁症和广泛性焦虑症症状的关系。在当前的非临床样本中,责任态度的增加预测了广泛性焦虑症症状的增加,但没有预测抑郁症状的变化。责任解释无法预测当前样本中普遍性焦虑症症状或抑郁症状的差异。研究结果表明,责任态度可能在某种程度上是跨诊断的,在某些疾病(如广泛性焦虑症)中很明显,但并非所有疾病(如抑郁症)都很明显。研究结果与责任解释可能是强迫症特有的观点大致一致(尽管目前的研究没有直接评估这一点)。
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引用次数: 0
The sibling experience: growing up with a trans sibling 兄弟姐妹的经历:和一个变性兄弟姐妹一起长大
IF 2.7 4区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2021-02-24 DOI: 10.1080/00049530.2021.1882269
Eleanor Parker, Catriona Davis-Mccabe
ABSTRACT Objective: Research has addressed the experiences of parents, children, and spouses of trans people. The experiences of the siblings of trans people are explored in this study. Method: Thematic analysis was performed on the transcripts of semi-structured interviews with seventeen siblings of trans people. Results: Evidence was found for an umbrella theme (the responsibility to support and protect) and three themes: (“societal issues”, “relationship with their trans sibling”, “family and social relationships”). Results indicated that participants engaged in a process of family transition. Challenges participants faced included: lack of knowledge of trans identities, a lack of trans visibility in society, acting as an intermediary between their trans sibling and others, managing conflict, experiencing relational strain and cut-off, holding the knowledge of their sibling’s gender identity when others were unaware, witnessing their trans sibling’s negative experiences, and suppressing their own negative emotions. Positive experiences included: developing authentic sibling relationships, strengthening family relationships, support from family and social relationships, and developing their understanding of diversity and identity as an advocacy. Conclusions: Needs were identified as: provision of accessible and accurate information regarding trans identities and issues, increased trans visibility, connection with others in similar situations, and targeted counselling and services. KEY POINTS What is already known about this topic: Family support is associated with positive mental health outcomes and reduced suicide risk in trans populations. Parental support is not guaranteed for trans populations. Sibling relationships are often the longest and most influential relationships in life. What this topic adds: A description of the experiences of Australians with at least one trans sibling. An analysis of the positive and challenging aspects of the experiences of people with at least one trans sibling. An understanding of the support needs of the siblings of trans people.
摘要目的:研究探讨了跨性别者的父母、子女和配偶的经历。本研究探讨跨性别者的兄弟姐妹的经历。方法:对17名跨性别者兄弟姐妹的半结构化访谈记录进行主题分析。结果:发现了一个总体主题(支持和保护的责任)和三个主题(“社会问题”、“与跨性别兄弟姐妹的关系”、“家庭和社会关系”)的证据。结果表明,参与者参与了一个家庭过渡的过程。参与者面临的挑战包括:对跨性别身份缺乏了解,在社会上缺乏跨性别的知名度,在跨性别兄弟姐妹和其他人之间充当中介,管理冲突,经历关系紧张和被切断,在其他人不知道的情况下掌握兄弟姐妹的性别身份,目睹他们的跨性别兄弟姐妹的负面经历,以及抑制自己的负面情绪。积极的经验包括:发展真诚的兄弟姐妹关系,加强家庭关系,家庭和社会关系的支持,以及发展他们对多样性和身份认同的理解。结论:需求被确定为:提供关于跨性别身份和问题的可访问和准确的信息,增加跨性别的知名度,与其他类似情况的人联系,以及有针对性的咨询和服务。关于这个话题的已知情况:家庭支持与跨性别人群积极的心理健康结果和降低自杀风险有关。父母对跨性别人群的支持并不能得到保证。兄弟姐妹的关系往往是生命中最长久、最具影响力的关系。本主题补充内容:描述至少有一个跨性别兄弟姐妹的澳大利亚人的经历。对至少有一个跨性别兄弟姐妹的人的积极和挑战方面的分析。了解跨性别者兄弟姐妹的支持需求。
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引用次数: 2
Mental health help-seeking experiences and service use among Australian first responders 澳大利亚急救人员的心理健康求助体验和服务使用
IF 2.7 4区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2021-02-24 DOI: 10.1080/00049530.2021.1882271
Wavne Rikkers, D. Lawrence
ABSTRACT Objective: This study aimed to determine patterns of help-seeking among first responders for conditions such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and psychological distress. Method: Data from Answering the Call, the Australian national survey of the mental health and wellbeing of police and emergency services, was analysed to determine mental health help-seeking associations, as well as to measure patterns of service use. This encompassed 14,868 employees across the ambulance, fire and rescue, police, and state emergency services sectors. Results: Over half of employees needing help for a mental health issue neither sought nor received help. First responders with severe mental distress who delayed seeking help reported that they needed a lot more help than they received. Poor help-seeking behaviour and experiences were found to be associated with high levels of PTSD and psychological distress, low levels of mental health literacy, and career concerns. No significant differences were found between the sectors with all employees exhibiting high levels of poor help-seeking behaviour. For organisation-sourced services and programmes, usage levels and perceptions of usefulness were consistently low. Conclusions: Findings support the importance of early help-seeking amongst first responders with emerging mental health conditions. All sectors exhibited sub-optimal help-seeking behaviour and experiences. The problems go beyond the organisational structures, policies and programmes of any individual sector and are likely to be systemic. While all organisations provide mental health and wellbeing programmes and services, they are either not well taken-up, or are not considered sufficiently useful by the people they are designed to help. KEY POINTS What is already known about this topic: First responders are known to be at high risk of developing mental health conditions. The rate of PTSD in Australian first responders is twice that in the general population. Early and appropriate treatment is essential in preventing mental health conditions from worsening or becoming chronic. What this study adds: This study shows consistently high levels of sub-optimal help-seeking behaviour and experiences among Australian emergency services employees across all sectors. Over half of emergency services employees needing help for a mental health issue neither sought nor received help. Usage and perceived usefulness of organisational mental health and wellbeing programs/services are very low.
摘要目的:本研究旨在确定创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)和心理困扰等疾病的急救人员的求助模式。方法:分析澳大利亚全国警察和急救服务心理健康和幸福感调查“接听电话”的数据,以确定心理健康求助协会,并衡量服务使用模式。这包括救护车、消防救援、警察和国家紧急服务部门的14868名员工。结果:超过一半的员工因心理健康问题需要帮助,既没有寻求也没有得到帮助。延迟寻求帮助的严重精神痛苦的急救人员报告说,他们需要的帮助比他们得到的要多得多。研究发现,不良的求助行为和经历与高水平的创伤后应激障碍和心理困扰、低水平的心理健康素养和职业担忧有关。各行业之间没有发现显著差异,所有员工都表现出高度的不良求助行为。对于组织来源的服务和方案,使用水平和有用性认知一直很低。结论:研究结果支持了在出现心理健康状况的急救人员中早期寻求帮助的重要性。所有部门都表现出次优的求助行为和经验。这些问题超出了任何单个部门的组织结构、政策和计划,很可能是系统性的。虽然所有组织都提供心理健康和福利计划和服务,但它们要么没有得到很好的利用,要么被设计帮助的人认为不够有用。关键点关于这个话题已经知道的内容:众所周知,急救人员有很高的心理健康风险。澳大利亚急救人员患创伤后应激障碍的比率是普通人群的两倍。早期和适当的治疗对于防止心理健康状况恶化或成为慢性病至关重要。这项研究补充道:这项研究表明,在所有行业的澳大利亚紧急服务员工中,寻求帮助的行为和经历始终处于次优水平。超过一半的紧急服务员工因心理健康问题需要帮助,既没有寻求也没有得到帮助。组织心理健康和幸福计划/服务的使用率和感知有用性非常低。
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引用次数: 7
Research productivity, quality, and impact metrics of Australian psychology academics 研究澳大利亚心理学学者的生产力、质量和影响力指标
IF 2.7 4区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2021-02-24 DOI: 10.1080/00049530.2021.1883407
Belinda M. Craig, Suzanne M. Cosh, Camilla C. Luck
ABSTRACT Objective: This project aimed to provide normative data from SciVal on the research outputs of Australian psychology academics. Normative data are presented by academic level, university network, and estimated career stage. Additional analyses identify which SciVal metrics (measured over a short time window) predict lifetime performance indicators. Method: Data from 749 psychology academics across 24 universities belonging to the various Australian university networks were extracted from Scopus and SciVal (a tool including metrics of recent research quantity, quality, and impact). Metrics included number of outputs and citations, citations per output, Field Weighted Citation Impact, percentage of outputs in the top 10% by citations or journal rank, and percentage of outputs with international or corporate collaborators. Results: Metrics related to quantity of outputs and citations increased with academic level and career stage. For other SciVal metrics, academics at the more senior levels (D and/or E) often outperformed Level B academics. Academics at Group of Eight universities tended to outperform academics affiliated with other networks by overall outputs and citations. These differences were less consistent for other SciVal metrics. A range of SciVal metrics predicted lifetime metrics. Conclusion: These data provide up-to-date norms to facilitate evaluation of Australian psychology academics using SciVal. KEY POINTS What is already known about this topic: Metrics of research quantity, quality, and impact are increasingly influential in research evaluation. Recent norms for Australian psychology academics stratified by academic level and university affiliation were published by Mazzucchelli et al. (2019). These norms documented significant differences in publications, citations, and h-index for staff at different academic levels and across academics affiliated with different university networks. What this topic adds: This study provides up-to-date norms broken down by academic level, university network, and estimated career stage for a range of new metrics of research quantity, quality, and impact available from SciVal. Analyses are also conducted to identify which SciVal metrics (which are based on publications in the recent past) predict lifetime performance indicators. Senior academics generally outperformed junior academics on most metrics. Group of Eight academics outperformed academics affiliated with other university networks on metrics of raw outputs and citations, but not as consistently for other metrics. A number of SciVal metrics predict lifetime performance indicators.
摘要目的:本项目旨在为SciVal提供关于澳大利亚心理学学者研究成果的规范性数据。规范性数据按学术水平、大学网络和估计的职业阶段提供。其他分析确定了哪些SciVal指标(在短时间窗口内测量)可以预测寿命性能指标。方法:从Scopus和SciVal(一种包括近期研究数量、质量和影响指标的工具)中提取来自澳大利亚各大学网络24所大学的749名心理学学者的数据。指标包括产出和引用次数、每次产出的引用次数、领域加权引用影响、按引用次数或期刊排名前10%的产出百分比,以及与国际或企业合作者的产出百分比。结果:与产出和引文数量相关的指标随着学术水平和职业阶段的增加而增加。在SciVal的其他指标中,更高级别(D和/或E)的学者往往表现优于B级学者。八国集团大学的学者在总体产出和引用方面往往优于其他网络的学者。这些差异在其他SciVal指标中不太一致。一系列SciVal指标预测了寿命指标。结论:这些数据为澳大利亚心理学学者使用SciVal进行评估提供了最新的规范。关键点关于这个主题已经知道的内容:研究数量、质量和影响的指标在研究评估中的影响力越来越大。Mazzucchelli等人发表了澳大利亚心理学学者的最新规范,该规范按学术水平和大学附属关系进行了分层。(2019)。这些规范记录了不同学术水平的工作人员以及隶属于不同大学网络的学者在出版物、引文和h指数方面的显著差异。本主题补充道:这项研究提供了根据学术水平、大学网络和估计的职业阶段划分的最新规范,用于SciVal提供的一系列新的研究数量、质量和影响指标。还进行了分析,以确定哪些SciVal指标(基于最近的出版物)可以预测寿命性能指标。在大多数指标上,资深学者的表现通常优于初级学者。八国集团的学者在原始产出和引用的指标上优于其他大学网络的学者,但在其他指标上则不那么一致。许多SciVal指标可预测寿命性能指标。
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引用次数: 6
Resolving uncertainties of the factor structures of the Coach-Athlete Relationship Questionnaire (CART-Q) 教练员-运动员关系问卷(CART-Q)因素结构的不确定性分析
IF 2.7 4区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2021-02-24 DOI: 10.1080/00049530.2021.1882275
Dwayne Woolliams, Kirsten Spencer, S. Walters, Christian U. Krägeloh
ABSTRACT Objective: The 3+1Cs model and Coach-Athlete Relationship Questionnaire (CART-Q), measures the interpersonal constructs of Closeness, Commitment, Complementarity and Coorientation to appraise the nature of the relationship, yet the psychometric properties of the instrument still remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to resolve uncertainty about a suitable factor solution through applying previously used analytical methods as well as psychometric methods that are appropriate for this type of response scale, namely asymptotic distribution-free confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and Rasch analysis. Method: The 11-item direct and meta-perspective versions of the CART-Q were examined utilising AMOS, LISREL and Rach analysis using a sample of 251 national football and futsal coaches and athletes. A model comparison strategy with AMOS provided a direct comparison with previous studies. LISREL and Rasch analysis was conducted to provide additional information about the CART-Q psychometric properties. Results: CFA with maximum likelihood and diagonally-weighted least squares estimation methods supported the factorial validity of the three-factor first-order model of both CART-Q versions, although a unidimensional solution was also tenable. Rasch analysis determined that the unidimensional model possessed higher reliability and provided improved coverage of participants’ scores, minimising ceiling effects. Conclusion: Research designs that require assessment of coach-athlete relationships may prefer the unidimensional model due to its superior psychometric properties. When more detailed profile scores are required, the subscale scores can still be interpreted with adequate validity and reliability KEY POINTS What is already known about the topic: The coach-athlete relationship is essential to enhancing performance and psychosocial well-being. The 3+1Cs model and Coach-Athlete Relationship Questionnaire (CART-Q), represents the most popular approach to understanding coach-athlete relationships. Previous studies investigating the CAR factorial validity have identified the 3+1Cs model as a multidimensional structure with universal applicability across cultures. What this study adds: This is the first study to perform CTT and IRT, to minimise the likelihood of psychometric findings materialising as an artefact of using a particular analytic tool. Contrary to previous research, the results of this study suggest that a unidimensional structure obtained greater robustness in increased reliability, item coverage and reduced ceiling effects than the multidimensionality of the model. These results suggest that a unidimensional factor solution is a more appropriate representation of the model than previously reported and provides researchers with confidence in the psychometric properties of the questionnaires.
摘要目的:利用3+ 1c模型和教练员-运动员关系问卷(CART-Q)测量亲密度、承诺度、互补性和共向的人际结构来评价教练员-运动员关系的性质,但该工具的心理测量特性尚不清楚。本研究的目的是通过应用先前使用的分析方法以及适用于这类反应量表的心理测量方法,即无渐近分布验证性因子分析(CFA)和Rasch分析,来解决合适因子解决方案的不确定性。方法:采用AMOS、LISREL和Rach分析,以251名国家足球和五人制足球教练员和运动员为样本,对CART-Q的11个直接和元视角版本进行检验。采用AMOS模型比较策略,与前人的研究进行了直接比较。进行LISREL和Rasch分析以提供有关CART-Q心理测量特性的额外信息。结果:使用最大似然和对角加权最小二乘估计方法的CFA支持两种CART-Q版本的三因素一阶模型的析因效度,尽管单维解也成立。Rasch分析确定,单维模型具有更高的可靠性,并提供了参与者分数的更好覆盖范围,最大限度地减少了天花板效应。结论:需要评估教练员与运动员关系的研究设计可能更倾向于单维模型,因为单维模型具有更好的心理测量特性。当需要更详细的档案分数时,子量表分数仍然可以以足够的效度和信度来解释。重点:关于本主题的已知内容:教练-运动员关系对提高表现和心理健康至关重要。3+ 1c模型和教练-运动员关系问卷(CART-Q)代表了理解教练-运动员关系的最流行的方法。先前的研究调查了CAR的析因效度,发现3+ 1c模型是一个多维结构,具有跨文化的普遍适用性。本研究补充:这是第一个执行CTT和IRT的研究,以最大限度地减少心理测量结果作为使用特定分析工具的人工制品的可能性。与以往的研究相反,本研究的结果表明,单维结构比多维模型在增加可靠性、项目覆盖和减少天花板效应方面具有更强的稳健性。这些结果表明,一维因子解比以前报道的模型更合适,并为研究人员提供了对问卷心理测量特性的信心。
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引用次数: 4
Can self-regulation explain why not everyone is overweight or obese? 自我调节能解释为什么不是每个人都超重或肥胖吗?
IF 2.7 4区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2021-02-18 DOI: 10.1080/00049530.2021.1883999
Anni Plummer, I. Walker
ABSTRACT Objectives This study aimed to investigate whether self-regulation and dichotomous thinking might help to explain why some individuals maintain a normal body weight despite living in an obesogenic environment. Design Cross sectional correlational design. Methods Young Australians (142 female, 56 male; aged 20-35 years) completed a survey which included the Behavioural Weight Self-Regulation Questionnaire (BEWS-Q), the Dichotomous Thinking in Eating Disorders Scale (Byrne et al., 2008), and the SCOFF eating disorders screening tool (Morgan, 1999). Results Results regarding self-regulation were opposite to those hypothesised; BEWS-Q scores were positively correlated with maximum lifetime Body Mass Index (BMI), dichotomous thinking, and disordered eating. Marked gender differences emerged throughout, with significant relationships between variables for the females in the sample, but not for the males. Weight pattern across time (e.g., lifelong weight maintainer, or weight cycler) was significantly associated with more variables than was BMI category. Conclusions A uniform approach to weight management is unlikely to be effective, given the differences between males and females in this study. Also, excessive focus on weight behaviours and eating may be counterproductive to weight management. Weight across time may be more important than current BMI when considering weight management. KEY POINTS What is already known about this topic: (1) Overweight and obesity are global problems, and most Australians are overweight or obese. Although most Australians live in obesogenic environments it is not known why some people maintain normal bodyweight. (2) Self-regulation is the ability to alter one’s behaviour by making purposeful self-corrective adjustments towards a goal or to maintain an achieved goal. This ability may help explain why some people maintain normal bodyweight. (3) Patterns of dichotomous thinking may disrupt weight self-regulation, impeding the ability to make self-corrective adjustments in working towards weight goals. What this topic adds: (1) There were marked gender differences throughout the results, with significant relationships across all variables for females, but not for males. (2) Counter to prediction, weight self-regulation was positively associated with maximum lifetime BMI, dichotomous thinking, and disordered eating. Compared to current BMI, changes in weight pattern across time were associated with more predictors. (3) A uniform approach to weight management is unlikely to be effective.
摘要目的本研究旨在探讨自我调节和二分法思维是否有助于解释为什么一些人在肥胖环境中仍能保持正常体重。设计横断面相关设计。方法澳大利亚年轻人(142名女性,56名男性;年龄20-35岁)完成了一项调查,包括行为体重自我调节问卷(BEWS-Q)、饮食障碍中的二分法思维量表(Byrne et al.,2008)和SCOFF饮食障碍筛查工具(Morgan,1999)。结果自我调节的结果与假设相反;BEWS-Q评分与最大终身体重指数(BMI)、二分法思维和饮食紊乱呈正相关。总体上出现了显著的性别差异,样本中女性的变量之间存在显著关系,但男性没有。与BMI类别相比,随时间变化的体重模式(例如,终身体重保持者或体重周期测定者)与更多变量显著相关。结论考虑到本研究中男性和女性之间的差异,统一的体重管理方法不太可能有效。此外,过度关注体重行为和饮食可能会对体重管理产生反作用。在考虑体重管理时,随时间变化的体重可能比当前的BMI更重要。关于这个话题,我们已经知道的是:(1)超重和肥胖是全球性的问题,大多数澳大利亚人都超重或肥胖。尽管大多数澳大利亚人生活在肥胖环境中,但尚不清楚为什么有些人保持正常体重。(2) 自我调节是指通过对目标进行有目的的自我纠正调整或保持已实现的目标来改变自己行为的能力。这种能力可能有助于解释为什么有些人保持正常体重。(3) 二分法思维模式可能会破坏体重自我调节,阻碍在努力实现体重目标时进行自我纠正调整的能力。本主题补充道:(1)在整个结果中存在显著的性别差异,女性的所有变量之间都存在显著的关系,但男性没有。(2) 与预测相反,体重自我调节与最大寿命BMI、二分法思维和饮食紊乱呈正相关。与目前的BMI相比,随着时间的推移,体重模式的变化与更多的预测因素相关。(3) 统一的体重管理方法不太可能有效。
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引用次数: 0
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Australian Journal of Psychology
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