Pub Date : 2024-02-05DOI: 10.1080/00049530.2024.2309384
Qi-Jun Wang, Xiao-Xing Ma, Yi-Ni Lu, Du-Ming Wang, Yu-Hao Sun
Previous studies have demonstrated that making a target larger is sufficient to compensate for the inaccuracy of gaze-based target selection. However, few studies systemically examined the individu...
{"title":"The impact of visual and motor space size on gaze-based target selection","authors":"Qi-Jun Wang, Xiao-Xing Ma, Yi-Ni Lu, Du-Ming Wang, Yu-Hao Sun","doi":"10.1080/00049530.2024.2309384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00049530.2024.2309384","url":null,"abstract":"Previous studies have demonstrated that making a target larger is sufficient to compensate for the inaccuracy of gaze-based target selection. However, few studies systemically examined the individu...","PeriodicalId":8871,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139754801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-29DOI: 10.1080/00049530.2023.2300460
Yeting Hu, Chuanzhi Fang, Jinhua Wu, Lan Mi, Ping Dai
This study aims to fill in the gap by exploring the interrelationship among academic emotions, classroom engagement and self-efficacy in EFL learning among Chinese non-English majors in smart class...
{"title":"Investigating the interrelationship among academic emotions, classroom engagement, and self-efficacy in the context of EFL learning in smart classrooms in China","authors":"Yeting Hu, Chuanzhi Fang, Jinhua Wu, Lan Mi, Ping Dai","doi":"10.1080/00049530.2023.2300460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00049530.2023.2300460","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to fill in the gap by exploring the interrelationship among academic emotions, classroom engagement and self-efficacy in EFL learning among Chinese non-English majors in smart class...","PeriodicalId":8871,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139754964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-17DOI: 10.1080/00049530.2023.2292022
Charlene Wright, Danielle Dawson, Joy Parkinson, Kyra Hamilton
To fulfil a need for greater access to social support postoperatively, adults who have undergone bariatric surgery have turned to Online Health Communities (OHCs). Prior research has signposted the...
{"title":"A qualitative study investigating users’ perspective of bariatric surgery online health communities in facilitating social support","authors":"Charlene Wright, Danielle Dawson, Joy Parkinson, Kyra Hamilton","doi":"10.1080/00049530.2023.2292022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00049530.2023.2292022","url":null,"abstract":"To fulfil a need for greater access to social support postoperatively, adults who have undergone bariatric surgery have turned to Online Health Communities (OHCs). Prior research has signposted the...","PeriodicalId":8871,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138689171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-15DOI: 10.1080/00049530.2023.2276949
Joanne Waugh, Nylanda Ma, Anna Chur-Hansen, Alyssa Sawyer
South Australia’s rural and remote psychology workforce is experiencing shortages. However, in seeking to place provisional psychologists in rural settings, universities have found it difficult to ...
{"title":"Rural and remote psychologists’ views on provisional psychologist supervision","authors":"Joanne Waugh, Nylanda Ma, Anna Chur-Hansen, Alyssa Sawyer","doi":"10.1080/00049530.2023.2276949","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00049530.2023.2276949","url":null,"abstract":"South Australia’s rural and remote psychology workforce is experiencing shortages. However, in seeking to place provisional psychologists in rural settings, universities have found it difficult to ...","PeriodicalId":8871,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138531829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-29DOI: 10.1080/00049530.2023.2264938
Yao Zhu, Chaoyue Zhao, Jin-Ying Zhuang
Objective Most previous studies on abusive supervision (AS) and employee wellbeing have used cross-sectional designs and explored long-term effects. However, AS has been reported to vary on a daily basis and this variance exceeds inter-person variance. Therefore, the current study examined the short-term (within 1 day) effects of leaders’ daily AS on employee sleep and wellbeing. Based on the spillover effect theory, we posited that daily AS is a negative experience that can lead to insomnia, thereby affecting next-day wellbeing. In addition, we hypothesized that these effects could be moderated by individuals’ tendencies to engage in rumination (low or high).
{"title":"Examination of daily abusive supervision effects on next-day employee wellbeing: a spillover perspective","authors":"Yao Zhu, Chaoyue Zhao, Jin-Ying Zhuang","doi":"10.1080/00049530.2023.2264938","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00049530.2023.2264938","url":null,"abstract":"Objective Most previous studies on abusive supervision (AS) and employee wellbeing have used cross-sectional designs and explored long-term effects. However, AS has been reported to vary on a daily basis and this variance exceeds inter-person variance. Therefore, the current study examined the short-term (within 1 day) effects of leaders’ daily AS on employee sleep and wellbeing. Based on the spillover effect theory, we posited that daily AS is a negative experience that can lead to insomnia, thereby affecting next-day wellbeing. In addition, we hypothesized that these effects could be moderated by individuals’ tendencies to engage in rumination (low or high).","PeriodicalId":8871,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136133975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-04DOI: 10.1080/00049530.2023.2260498
Sarah Fischer, Julian Clarke, Arlene Walker, Shannon Hyder
Objective The literature shows employee trust in leaders supports organisational performance, despite much still being unknown about the employee-leader trust relationship. This study aimed to explore employee trust in leaders through trust breaches to broaden knowledge about the multidimensional nature of the trust construct and provide organisations with a focus on how to improve employee trust in leaders.
{"title":"Investigating multidimensional organisational trust through breach","authors":"Sarah Fischer, Julian Clarke, Arlene Walker, Shannon Hyder","doi":"10.1080/00049530.2023.2260498","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00049530.2023.2260498","url":null,"abstract":"Objective The literature shows employee trust in leaders supports organisational performance, despite much still being unknown about the employee-leader trust relationship. This study aimed to explore employee trust in leaders through trust breaches to broaden knowledge about the multidimensional nature of the trust construct and provide organisations with a focus on how to improve employee trust in leaders.","PeriodicalId":8871,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135646112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-04DOI: 10.1080/00049530.2023.2260488
Kiu Lam Chan, Alyssa Sawyer, Amanda Taylor
Objective Risk factors associated with eating disorders (EDs) have been widely studied, although previous research has been limited to largely cross-sectional data or understanding risk factors in adult populations. Little is therefore known about the role of risk factors in early adolescence for the subsequent development of ED symptoms in adolescence.
{"title":"Understanding early risk factors for eating disorder symptoms in adolescence: the role of body dissatisfaction, negative emotional reactivity and self-esteem at age 10–11 years","authors":"Kiu Lam Chan, Alyssa Sawyer, Amanda Taylor","doi":"10.1080/00049530.2023.2260488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00049530.2023.2260488","url":null,"abstract":"Objective Risk factors associated with eating disorders (EDs) have been widely studied, although previous research has been limited to largely cross-sectional data or understanding risk factors in adult populations. Little is therefore known about the role of risk factors in early adolescence for the subsequent development of ED symptoms in adolescence.","PeriodicalId":8871,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135646113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-20DOI: 10.1080/00049530.2023.2257362
Clare Wilson, RoseAnne Misajon, Joanne Brooker
Objective Emerging research suggests that self-compassion and self-coldness are involved in the treatment of psychological difficulties among refugees and asylum seekers. Self-compassion involves treating oneself with warmth and care and self-coldness involves treating oneself with harsh judgement. We aimed to explore the unique understandings and applications of self-compassion and self-coldness among Hazara asylum seekers and refugees in Australia.
{"title":"Understandings and applications of self-compassion and self-coldness among Hazaras in Australia: a qualitative study","authors":"Clare Wilson, RoseAnne Misajon, Joanne Brooker","doi":"10.1080/00049530.2023.2257362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00049530.2023.2257362","url":null,"abstract":"Objective Emerging research suggests that self-compassion and self-coldness are involved in the treatment of psychological difficulties among refugees and asylum seekers. Self-compassion involves treating oneself with warmth and care and self-coldness involves treating oneself with harsh judgement. We aimed to explore the unique understandings and applications of self-compassion and self-coldness among Hazara asylum seekers and refugees in Australia.","PeriodicalId":8871,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136374483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-21DOI: 10.1080/00049530.2023.2247088
Taliah Swart, Kerrie A Shandley, Minh Huynh, Christine M. Brown, D. Austin, J. Bhowmik
ABSTRACT Objective Postpartum depression affects around 17% of the women worldwide and has considerable implications for maternal and child health. While some risk factors have been identified, the association between pregnancy and delivery complications and postpartum depression is less well understood. This study aims to determine whether specific pregnancy complications are associated with risk of postpartum depression symptoms (PPDS). Method This study analysed a subset of variables collected as part of a larger study exploring pregnancy circumstances and maternal-foetal health outcomes. Mothers residing in Australia provided information on their biological children aged 3–13 years. Pregnancy complications were analysed using bivariate analyses and binary logistic regression. Results Mothers (N = 1,926) reported on N = 3,210 pregnancies (mean number of pregnancies = 1.27, SD = 0.97). At the time of childbirth, mothers were on average 30.1 years old (SD = 5.14). Experiencing a pregnancy complication increased the risk of PPDS (X2 = 16.45, df = 1, p < 0.001) However, logistic regression analyses indicated an increased risk of PPDS was associated with the specific pregnancy complications of cytomegalovirus (AOR = 7.06, 95% CI[1.51,32.98]), emergency caesarean (AOR = 1.67, 95% CI[1.31,2.12]), foetal distress before birth (AOR = 1.49, 95% CI[1.16,1.91]), induced labour (AOR = 1.55, 95% CI[1.25,1.91]) and placenta previa (AOR = 2.60, 95% CI[1.44,4.71]). Conclusion Specific pregnancy complications were associated with PPDS, suggesting that some complications may pose a greater risk for PPDS than others. This study contributes to the growing understanding of peripartum risk factors for postpartum depression, and suggests that early clinical identification of at-risk mothers and early prophylactic and supportive care may be warranted to reduce that risk. Key Points What is already known about this topic: Postpartum depression is a prevalent mental health condition affecting almost 1 in 5 mothers worldwide. A complicated pregnancy and delivery experience is associated with an increased risk of adverse psychosocial outcomes, including postpartum depression. Targeted interventions in the peripartum period for mothers identified to be at higher risk of postpartum depression may be effective at mitigating the impact. What this topic adds: Analysis of distinct and specific pregnancy complications against postpartum depression symptoms revealed that certain complications had a more significant impact than others in an Australia-based maternal cohort. Emergency caesarean delivery, cytomegalovirus, foetal distress, induced labour, and placenta previa were significant predictors of postpartum depression symptom development. Gestational diabetes, bleeding during pregnancy, low amniotic-fluid index, pre-eclampsia, and candida infections were not associated with postpartum depression symptoms in this study.
{"title":"Pregnancy complications and their association with postpartum depression symptoms: a retrospective study","authors":"Taliah Swart, Kerrie A Shandley, Minh Huynh, Christine M. Brown, D. Austin, J. Bhowmik","doi":"10.1080/00049530.2023.2247088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00049530.2023.2247088","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Objective Postpartum depression affects around 17% of the women worldwide and has considerable implications for maternal and child health. While some risk factors have been identified, the association between pregnancy and delivery complications and postpartum depression is less well understood. This study aims to determine whether specific pregnancy complications are associated with risk of postpartum depression symptoms (PPDS). Method This study analysed a subset of variables collected as part of a larger study exploring pregnancy circumstances and maternal-foetal health outcomes. Mothers residing in Australia provided information on their biological children aged 3–13 years. Pregnancy complications were analysed using bivariate analyses and binary logistic regression. Results Mothers (N = 1,926) reported on N = 3,210 pregnancies (mean number of pregnancies = 1.27, SD = 0.97). At the time of childbirth, mothers were on average 30.1 years old (SD = 5.14). Experiencing a pregnancy complication increased the risk of PPDS (X2 = 16.45, df = 1, p < 0.001) However, logistic regression analyses indicated an increased risk of PPDS was associated with the specific pregnancy complications of cytomegalovirus (AOR = 7.06, 95% CI[1.51,32.98]), emergency caesarean (AOR = 1.67, 95% CI[1.31,2.12]), foetal distress before birth (AOR = 1.49, 95% CI[1.16,1.91]), induced labour (AOR = 1.55, 95% CI[1.25,1.91]) and placenta previa (AOR = 2.60, 95% CI[1.44,4.71]). Conclusion Specific pregnancy complications were associated with PPDS, suggesting that some complications may pose a greater risk for PPDS than others. This study contributes to the growing understanding of peripartum risk factors for postpartum depression, and suggests that early clinical identification of at-risk mothers and early prophylactic and supportive care may be warranted to reduce that risk. Key Points What is already known about this topic: Postpartum depression is a prevalent mental health condition affecting almost 1 in 5 mothers worldwide. A complicated pregnancy and delivery experience is associated with an increased risk of adverse psychosocial outcomes, including postpartum depression. Targeted interventions in the peripartum period for mothers identified to be at higher risk of postpartum depression may be effective at mitigating the impact. What this topic adds: Analysis of distinct and specific pregnancy complications against postpartum depression symptoms revealed that certain complications had a more significant impact than others in an Australia-based maternal cohort. Emergency caesarean delivery, cytomegalovirus, foetal distress, induced labour, and placenta previa were significant predictors of postpartum depression symptom development. Gestational diabetes, bleeding during pregnancy, low amniotic-fluid index, pre-eclampsia, and candida infections were not associated with postpartum depression symptoms in this study.","PeriodicalId":8871,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43209725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-26DOI: 10.1080/00049530.2023.2224453
B. Elphinstone, Melissa A. Wheeler, Julian A. Oldmeadow, D. Sivasubramaniam, James Williams, Samuel Wilson, C. Critchley
ABSTRACT Objective The current study explored (1) changes in trust in federal and state governments and scientists across representative Australian national samples from 2003–2020; and (2) the extent to which trust in these sources predicted compliance with COVID-19 prevention measures at the onset of the pandemic. Method Using a nationally representative samples (N = 1000), we asked participants to rate their trust in federal and state government and in scientists, their extent of compliance with COVID-19 prevention measures, and to provide demographic information. Results We found that trust in federal and state governments had significantly increased, while trust in scientists was at a high level matched by only three other time-points. Higher levels of trust in state government and scientists uniquely predicted greater compliance with COVID-19 prevention measures. Women and older respondents also reported greater compliance. Conclusion The current findings reinforce those from Australia and other countries indicating that trust increased during the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, and those identifying trust in government and in scientists as important predictors of compliance. Importantly, our findings highlight the role of trust in state government, which potentially reflects the role played by Australian state governments in enacting and enforcing COVID-19 prevention measures. Key points What is already known about this topic: Older individuals, women and those who voted for the government in power tended to display greater compliance with COVID-19 measures. Trust in government appears to have generally increased in accordance with governmental actions to address COVID-19. Older individuals, women and those who voted for the government in power tended to display greater compliance with COVID-19 measures. What this topic adds: The current study provides the most comprehensive longitudinal overview of trust in federal and state government and in scientists from 2003 to 2020. Trust in both forms of government increased with the onset of COVID-19, whereas trust in scientists remained steady. In Australia, greater compliance was significantly predicted by increased trust in scientists and state government, but not federal government. Older respondents and women also reported increased compliance. The current findings indicate that scientists and public health experts should play an important role in shaping and delivering policy where public compliance is required.
{"title":"Compliance with COVID-19 prevention measures during the onset of the pandemic in Australia: investigating the role of trust in federal and state governments and scientists","authors":"B. Elphinstone, Melissa A. Wheeler, Julian A. Oldmeadow, D. Sivasubramaniam, James Williams, Samuel Wilson, C. Critchley","doi":"10.1080/00049530.2023.2224453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00049530.2023.2224453","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Objective The current study explored (1) changes in trust in federal and state governments and scientists across representative Australian national samples from 2003–2020; and (2) the extent to which trust in these sources predicted compliance with COVID-19 prevention measures at the onset of the pandemic. Method Using a nationally representative samples (N = 1000), we asked participants to rate their trust in federal and state government and in scientists, their extent of compliance with COVID-19 prevention measures, and to provide demographic information. Results We found that trust in federal and state governments had significantly increased, while trust in scientists was at a high level matched by only three other time-points. Higher levels of trust in state government and scientists uniquely predicted greater compliance with COVID-19 prevention measures. Women and older respondents also reported greater compliance. Conclusion The current findings reinforce those from Australia and other countries indicating that trust increased during the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, and those identifying trust in government and in scientists as important predictors of compliance. Importantly, our findings highlight the role of trust in state government, which potentially reflects the role played by Australian state governments in enacting and enforcing COVID-19 prevention measures. Key points What is already known about this topic: Older individuals, women and those who voted for the government in power tended to display greater compliance with COVID-19 measures. Trust in government appears to have generally increased in accordance with governmental actions to address COVID-19. Older individuals, women and those who voted for the government in power tended to display greater compliance with COVID-19 measures. What this topic adds: The current study provides the most comprehensive longitudinal overview of trust in federal and state government and in scientists from 2003 to 2020. Trust in both forms of government increased with the onset of COVID-19, whereas trust in scientists remained steady. In Australia, greater compliance was significantly predicted by increased trust in scientists and state government, but not federal government. Older respondents and women also reported increased compliance. The current findings indicate that scientists and public health experts should play an important role in shaping and delivering policy where public compliance is required.","PeriodicalId":8871,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48095343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：