Pub Date : 2023-05-05DOI: 10.14393/bj-v39n0a2023-55575
Rossana Carla Montenegro de Vasconcelos, L. Cavalcante, A. Souto, A. A. Diniz, A. L. Lima Neto, T. A. Dantas
In semi-arid regions, agricultural production is often limited due to scarcity and rainfall irregularities, and, therefore, the production system depends on irrigation. In this direction, the research aimed to evaluate the influence of the reduction of water losses in the soil through the coating of the lateral faces of the planting furrows with plastic film, by lateral infiltration of water and bovine biofertilizers for growth in height, production, and chlorophyll responses of tomato cv. Fascínio F1 irrigated with moderately saline water. The experiment was carried out in randomized blocks, in a 2 × 3 factorial scheme, with 4 replicates and 21 plants per plot. Different conditions were used and compared with each other: the furrow had side coating or not, and the soil received a common biofertilizer (fresh lactating bovine manure), chemically enriched fertilizer (common biofertilizer, milk, molasses, and gypsum), or no fertilizer at all. The variables evaluated were soil moisture, plant height, a, b, and total chlorophyll content, number and average fruit mass, tomato production, and productivity. The enriched bovine biofertilizer associated with the lateral furrow coating increased the synthesis of chlorophyll pigments, the number of fruits per plant, and the productivity of tomato cv. Fascínio F1. Protecting the faces of the furrows against water losses from the root environment of plants keeps the soil moist, stimulates the synthesis of chlorophyll, and increases the average mass of the fruits. The common bovine biofertilizer promotes greater growth in plant height, and the chemically enriched biofertilizer increases the average weight of tomato fruits.
{"title":"Biofertilizer and reduction of water losses in soil cultivated with tomato irrigated with moderately saline water","authors":"Rossana Carla Montenegro de Vasconcelos, L. Cavalcante, A. Souto, A. A. Diniz, A. L. Lima Neto, T. A. Dantas","doi":"10.14393/bj-v39n0a2023-55575","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14393/bj-v39n0a2023-55575","url":null,"abstract":"In semi-arid regions, agricultural production is often limited due to scarcity and rainfall irregularities, and, therefore, the production system depends on irrigation. In this direction, the research aimed to evaluate the influence of the reduction of water losses in the soil through the coating of the lateral faces of the planting furrows with plastic film, by lateral infiltration of water and bovine biofertilizers for growth in height, production, and chlorophyll responses of tomato cv. Fascínio F1 irrigated with moderately saline water. The experiment was carried out in randomized blocks, in a 2 × 3 factorial scheme, with 4 replicates and 21 plants per plot. Different conditions were used and compared with each other: the furrow had side coating or not, and the soil received a common biofertilizer (fresh lactating bovine manure), chemically enriched fertilizer (common biofertilizer, milk, molasses, and gypsum), or no fertilizer at all. The variables evaluated were soil moisture, plant height, a, b, and total chlorophyll content, number and average fruit mass, tomato production, and productivity. The enriched bovine biofertilizer associated with the lateral furrow coating increased the synthesis of chlorophyll pigments, the number of fruits per plant, and the productivity of tomato cv. Fascínio F1. Protecting the faces of the furrows against water losses from the root environment of plants keeps the soil moist, stimulates the synthesis of chlorophyll, and increases the average mass of the fruits. The common bovine biofertilizer promotes greater growth in plant height, and the chemically enriched biofertilizer increases the average weight of tomato fruits.","PeriodicalId":8951,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49380935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-05DOI: 10.14393/bj-v39n0a2023-66738
Laís Renata Almeida Cezário, G. Ambrosano, G. Ambrosano, Anderson Taíra, R. Possobon, M. C. Meneghim, K. L. Cortellazzi
This intervention follow-up study evaluated anxiety and stress levels and self-perceived happiness of individuals linked to the health field who did not practice Tai Chi and compared these variables before and after practicing this art. One hundred twenty-three participants were subdivided into two groups: G1) Older health professionals (n=41) and G2) Younger pre-university students interested in the health field (n=82). Participants received a 60-minute Tai Chi class. The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-14) was applied before the practice, and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and Andrews Face Scale were used before and after the class. Generalized linear models and the Bowker symmetry test were applied for data analysis. 46.3% and 30.5% of participants in G1 and G2 had mild stress levels, and 43.9% and 46.3% had moderate stress levels, respectively. After practicing Tai Chi, both groups presented significantly lower mean anxiety scores. In G1, 31.7% of participants went from moderate to mild anxiety levels after practice, 19.5% from severe to moderate, and 7.3% from severe to mild. In G2, 28.2% of participants went from moderate to mild anxiety levels after practice, 18.3% from severe to moderate, and 6.1% from severe to mild. Furthermore, 100.0% of individuals in G1 and 96.3% in G2 were happy after the class. Tai Chi was effective in reducing anxiety levels and improving self-perceived happiness.
{"title":"Effect of Tai Chi on stress, anxiety, and self-perception of happiness: a longitudinal intervention study","authors":"Laís Renata Almeida Cezário, G. Ambrosano, G. Ambrosano, Anderson Taíra, R. Possobon, M. C. Meneghim, K. L. Cortellazzi","doi":"10.14393/bj-v39n0a2023-66738","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14393/bj-v39n0a2023-66738","url":null,"abstract":"This intervention follow-up study evaluated anxiety and stress levels and self-perceived happiness of individuals linked to the health field who did not practice Tai Chi and compared these variables before and after practicing this art. One hundred twenty-three participants were subdivided into two groups: G1) Older health professionals (n=41) and G2) Younger pre-university students interested in the health field (n=82). Participants received a 60-minute Tai Chi class. The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-14) was applied before the practice, and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and Andrews Face Scale were used before and after the class. Generalized linear models and the Bowker symmetry test were applied for data analysis. 46.3% and 30.5% of participants in G1 and G2 had mild stress levels, and 43.9% and 46.3% had moderate stress levels, respectively. After practicing Tai Chi, both groups presented significantly lower mean anxiety scores. In G1, 31.7% of participants went from moderate to mild anxiety levels after practice, 19.5% from severe to moderate, and 7.3% from severe to mild. In G2, 28.2% of participants went from moderate to mild anxiety levels after practice, 18.3% from severe to moderate, and 6.1% from severe to mild. Furthermore, 100.0% of individuals in G1 and 96.3% in G2 were happy after the class. Tai Chi was effective in reducing anxiety levels and improving self-perceived happiness.","PeriodicalId":8951,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46825316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-05DOI: 10.14393/bj-v39n0a2023-62719
Danieli Aline Cigolini Ruzza, R. Bispo, E. Pedri, K. C. Martins, K. Zortéa, Sérgio Alessandro Machado Souza, T. Pereira, A. Rossi
Genipa americana L., commonly known as genipap, belongs to the Rubiaceae family. This study aimed to describe the pollen morphology of the species, evaluate its meiotic behavior and pollen viability, and provide information to help the maintenance and conservation of the species in its natural habitat. Flower buds were collected from 20 individuals in Alta Floresta and Matupá municipalities, Mato Grosso, Brazil. Pollen morphology was characterized using acetolysis and compared to existing literature. Meiotic and post-meiotic phases were analyzed using 2% acetocarmine stain, and pollen viability was estimated using Sudan IV, Alexander's stain, Lugol's solution (1%), and 2% acetocarmine stain. G. americana has medium-sized, 3-colporate pollen with reticulated exine and few meiotic irregularities. Acetocarmine stain showed the highest mean percentage of pollen viability (97.96%). Stain tests revealed significant differences, indicating high pollen viability and meiotic regularity. However, conservation and recovery of degraded areas are still necessary as there is no guarantee of successful reproduction due to factors associated with fragmentation, genetic drift, reduced gene flow, and inbreeding.
{"title":"Palynology and meiotic behavior of Genipa americana L., a species native to the Amazon","authors":"Danieli Aline Cigolini Ruzza, R. Bispo, E. Pedri, K. C. Martins, K. Zortéa, Sérgio Alessandro Machado Souza, T. Pereira, A. Rossi","doi":"10.14393/bj-v39n0a2023-62719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14393/bj-v39n0a2023-62719","url":null,"abstract":"Genipa americana L., commonly known as genipap, belongs to the Rubiaceae family. This study aimed to describe the pollen morphology of the species, evaluate its meiotic behavior and pollen viability, and provide information to help the maintenance and conservation of the species in its natural habitat. Flower buds were collected from 20 individuals in Alta Floresta and Matupá municipalities, Mato Grosso, Brazil. Pollen morphology was characterized using acetolysis and compared to existing literature. Meiotic and post-meiotic phases were analyzed using 2% acetocarmine stain, and pollen viability was estimated using Sudan IV, Alexander's stain, Lugol's solution (1%), and 2% acetocarmine stain. G. americana has medium-sized, 3-colporate pollen with reticulated exine and few meiotic irregularities. Acetocarmine stain showed the highest mean percentage of pollen viability (97.96%). Stain tests revealed significant differences, indicating high pollen viability and meiotic regularity. However, conservation and recovery of degraded areas are still necessary as there is no guarantee of successful reproduction due to factors associated with fragmentation, genetic drift, reduced gene flow, and inbreeding.","PeriodicalId":8951,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44699299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-05DOI: 10.14393/bj-v39n0a2023-65077
S. Susilawati, C. Anwar, Masagus Irsan Saleh, Salni Salni, H. Hermansyah, D. Oktiarni
Noni (Morinda citrifolia) fruit is a well-known plant used as a traditional medicine for preventing some diseases because of its abundance in chemical compounds. This research aimed to determine the phytochemical concentration, chemical composition, and antifungal activity of M. citrifolia fruit extract. M. citrifolia fruit was extracted with methanol and then distilled water for the partition extract. Subsequently, the extract was fractionated using various nonpolar to polar solutions, such as; chloroform, ethyl acetate, water, 2-propanol, and methanol fractions. Each fraction was evaporated until the dry extract was released. Additionally, the photochemical concentration of the M. citrifolia fruit extract was quantitatively determined using a UV-visible spectrophotometer. The chemical composition of the M. citrifolia fruit extract of each fraction was identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Then, the antifungal activity of M.citrifolia fruit extract against C. albicans and C. krusei was determined using the disc diffusion method. The results showed that the phytochemical concentration of the M. citrifolia fruit extract was 1970.25 ppm flavonoids, 35.61 ppm tannins, and 148.62 ppm steroids. 2-Fluorobenzoic acid, eucalyptol, 2-chloroaniline-5-sulfonic acid, hexa-decamethyl octasiloxane, and tetra-propyl stannane were found to be the major components of M. citrifolia fruit extract. According to the research, M. citrifolia fruit extract showed antifungal activity against C. albicans and C. krusei in all tested fractions. The maximum inhibition zone of C. albicans was 14.0 ± 1.00 mm in the 2-propanol fraction, while that of C. krusei was 11.7 ± 0.58 mm in the methanol fraction.
{"title":"Chemical composition and antifungal activity of Morinda Citrifolia fruit extract","authors":"S. Susilawati, C. Anwar, Masagus Irsan Saleh, Salni Salni, H. Hermansyah, D. Oktiarni","doi":"10.14393/bj-v39n0a2023-65077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14393/bj-v39n0a2023-65077","url":null,"abstract":"Noni (Morinda citrifolia) fruit is a well-known plant used as a traditional medicine for preventing some diseases because of its abundance in chemical compounds. This research aimed to determine the phytochemical concentration, chemical composition, and antifungal activity of M. citrifolia fruit extract. M. citrifolia fruit was extracted with methanol and then distilled water for the partition extract. Subsequently, the extract was fractionated using various nonpolar to polar solutions, such as; chloroform, ethyl acetate, water, 2-propanol, and methanol fractions. Each fraction was evaporated until the dry extract was released. Additionally, the photochemical concentration of the M. citrifolia fruit extract was quantitatively determined using a UV-visible spectrophotometer. The chemical composition of the M. citrifolia fruit extract of each fraction was identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Then, the antifungal activity of M.citrifolia fruit extract against C. albicans and C. krusei was determined using the disc diffusion method. The results showed that the phytochemical concentration of the M. citrifolia fruit extract was 1970.25 ppm flavonoids, 35.61 ppm tannins, and 148.62 ppm steroids. 2-Fluorobenzoic acid, eucalyptol, 2-chloroaniline-5-sulfonic acid, hexa-decamethyl octasiloxane, and tetra-propyl stannane were found to be the major components of M. citrifolia fruit extract. According to the research, M. citrifolia fruit extract showed antifungal activity against C. albicans and C. krusei in all tested fractions. The maximum inhibition zone of C. albicans was 14.0 ± 1.00 mm in the 2-propanol fraction, while that of C. krusei was 11.7 ± 0.58 mm in the methanol fraction.","PeriodicalId":8951,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45090000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-05DOI: 10.14393/bj-v39n0a2023-66915
Fabrício Resende de Aguiar, A. França, M. Franco, Douglas Pelegrini Vaz-Tostes, R. Lana, R. Camargo
Maize has a high nutritional requirement, especially regarding NPK fertilization. However, conventional fertilization with these nutrients presents a high loss potential, mainly by volatilization, leaching, adsorption, and fixation, which may reflect on the development and yield of maize plants. Using fertilizers with increased efficiency seeks to mitigate these limitations, reducing potential losses due to gradual nutrient release. This study aimed to compare the nutrition, growth, and production of maize plants subjected to different doses and special NPK fertilizers fully applied at planting and their residual effect on the soil. It was a randomized block design in a 3x4 factorial scheme with four replications. The first factor consisted of conventional mineral, polymer-coated, and organomineral + PGPB fertilizers. The second factor included doses of 0, 60, 90, and 120 kg ha-¹ of NPK. The study evaluated vegetative growth, foliar nutrition (N, P, and K), yield growth components, productivity, profitability, and residual K content in the soil after cultivation. The conventional mineral fertilizer produced more dry biomass in the aerial part. Profitability was similar between conventional and special fertilizers. However, the latter performed better overall in vegetative and productive growth, showing a potential reduction of the applied doses without compromising grain yield, especially in organomineral + PGPB fertilization. This treatment also presented a higher residual effect of K on the soil.
玉米的营养需要量高，特别是氮磷钾施肥。然而，常规施肥对这些养分的损失很大，主要通过挥发、淋失、吸附和固定等方式，这可能反映了玉米植株的发育和产量。使用效率更高的肥料旨在缓解这些限制，减少因养分逐渐释放而造成的潜在损失。本研究旨在比较种植时充分施用不同剂量和特殊氮磷钾肥对玉米植株的营养、生长和产量的影响及其对土壤的残留效应。采用3x4阶乘方案的随机区组设计，共4个重复。第一个因素包括传统的矿物、聚合物包膜和有机无机+ PGPB肥料。第二个因素包括0、60、90和120 kg ha-¹的氮磷钾剂量。该研究评估了栽培后土壤的营养生长、叶面营养(N、P、K)、产量生长成分、生产力、盈利能力和剩余钾含量。常规矿肥在地上部分产生更多的干生物量。常规肥料和特种肥料的收益相似。然而，后者在营养和生产生长方面的总体表现更好，表明施用剂量可能减少而不影响粮食产量，特别是在有机肥料+ PGPB施肥中。该处理也表现出较高的土壤钾残留效应。
{"title":"Application of special fertilizers and their effects on the agronomic aspects of maize and soil fertility","authors":"Fabrício Resende de Aguiar, A. França, M. Franco, Douglas Pelegrini Vaz-Tostes, R. Lana, R. Camargo","doi":"10.14393/bj-v39n0a2023-66915","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14393/bj-v39n0a2023-66915","url":null,"abstract":"Maize has a high nutritional requirement, especially regarding NPK fertilization. However, conventional fertilization with these nutrients presents a high loss potential, mainly by volatilization, leaching, adsorption, and fixation, which may reflect on the development and yield of maize plants. Using fertilizers with increased efficiency seeks to mitigate these limitations, reducing potential losses due to gradual nutrient release. This study aimed to compare the nutrition, growth, and production of maize plants subjected to different doses and special NPK fertilizers fully applied at planting and their residual effect on the soil. It was a randomized block design in a 3x4 factorial scheme with four replications. The first factor consisted of conventional mineral, polymer-coated, and organomineral + PGPB fertilizers. The second factor included doses of 0, 60, 90, and 120 kg ha-¹ of NPK. The study evaluated vegetative growth, foliar nutrition (N, P, and K), yield growth components, productivity, profitability, and residual K content in the soil after cultivation. The conventional mineral fertilizer produced more dry biomass in the aerial part. Profitability was similar between conventional and special fertilizers. However, the latter performed better overall in vegetative and productive growth, showing a potential reduction of the applied doses without compromising grain yield, especially in organomineral + PGPB fertilization. This treatment also presented a higher residual effect of K on the soil.","PeriodicalId":8951,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48339461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-05DOI: 10.14393/bj-v39n0a2023-64823
P. Y. Cavasin, W. Pereira, H. Santos
Once “bode” pepper plants (Capsicum) have continuous development and fructification, it is not possible to determine a specific season for seed physiologic maturation and harvest. This research aimed to evaluate physiological quality of “bode” pepper (Capsicum chinense 'Adjuma’) during fruit development and enzymes expression on seed germination. Manually extracted seeds were submitted to physiological tests being evaluated germination at first count (FC), final (G), and germination speed index (GSI), additionally, enzymatic analyses were carried. The lowest values for the physiological tests were observed for initial development stages. The greatest for FC, G and IVG were observed for seeds from fruits 70 days after anthesis (DAA). Superoxide dismutase enzyme has the highest values on seeds harvested at 49 DAA while malate dehydrogenase has more expression at 70 DAA. Catalase, alcohol dehydrogenase, and esterase have the higher expression at 63 DAA. The maturation stage influences bode pepper seed physiological quality, being seeds harvested at 70 DAA those with the better results on the evaluated parameters, thus, considered physiologically mature and the indicated time for harvest.
{"title":"Physiological quality of Capsicum chinense 'Adjuma' seeds during development","authors":"P. Y. Cavasin, W. Pereira, H. Santos","doi":"10.14393/bj-v39n0a2023-64823","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14393/bj-v39n0a2023-64823","url":null,"abstract":"Once “bode” pepper plants (Capsicum) have continuous development and fructification, it is not possible to determine a specific season for seed physiologic maturation and harvest. This research aimed to evaluate physiological quality of “bode” pepper (Capsicum chinense 'Adjuma’) during fruit development and enzymes expression on seed germination. Manually extracted seeds were submitted to physiological tests being evaluated germination at first count (FC), final (G), and germination speed index (GSI), additionally, enzymatic analyses were carried. The lowest values for the physiological tests were observed for initial development stages. The greatest for FC, G and IVG were observed for seeds from fruits 70 days after anthesis (DAA). Superoxide dismutase enzyme has the highest values on seeds harvested at 49 DAA while malate dehydrogenase has more expression at 70 DAA. Catalase, alcohol dehydrogenase, and esterase have the higher expression at 63 DAA. The maturation stage influences bode pepper seed physiological quality, being seeds harvested at 70 DAA those with the better results on the evaluated parameters, thus, considered physiologically mature and the indicated time for harvest.","PeriodicalId":8951,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48698758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-05DOI: 10.14393/bj-v39n0a2023-67229
Thályta Duarte dos Santos, Princewill Chukwuma Asobia, E. P. B. Ferreira
In Brazil, the common bean is a crop with significant social and economic importance. The prospecting of N2 fixing bacteria is crucial since biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) is an eco-friendly technique. This work aimed to obtain and characterize rhizobium isolates based on morpho-physiological, molecular, and symbiotic efficiency parameters, using the strains SEMIA 4077, SEMIA 4080, and SEMIA 4088 as references. The characteristics of the isolates and colonies, their tolerance to salinity and temperature, as well as their utilization of carbon sources, served as the basis for the morpho-physiological characterization. BOX-PCR, REP-PCR, and ERIC-PCR markers were used for genotypic characterization. Assessment of the symbiotic efficiency was carried out in a greenhouse, determining the number of nodules (NN), nodule dry weight (NDW), shoot dry weight (SDW), and total-N (Total-N) accumulation in the shoot. Among the isolates, those exhibiting: neutral culture medium pH, fast growth, colony diameter <2 mm, opaque transparency, homogeneous appearance, and cream color were predominant. Compared to temperature, salinity was the most restrictive factor to the growth of the isolates. Most of the isolates grew on sucrose (88.43%) and mannitol (87.28%). Genotypic analysis revealed that 90% of the isolates clustered in the same group as the reference strain SEMIA 4080. The TaMsG2R1 and BaDeG4R2 isolates showed higher Total-N in the shoot than the reference strains and should be evaluated in future studies under field conditions.
{"title":"Polyphasic characterization of rhizobial isolates obtained from different common bean-producing regions","authors":"Thályta Duarte dos Santos, Princewill Chukwuma Asobia, E. P. B. Ferreira","doi":"10.14393/bj-v39n0a2023-67229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14393/bj-v39n0a2023-67229","url":null,"abstract":"In Brazil, the common bean is a crop with significant social and economic importance. The prospecting of N2 fixing bacteria is crucial since biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) is an eco-friendly technique. This work aimed to obtain and characterize rhizobium isolates based on morpho-physiological, molecular, and symbiotic efficiency parameters, using the strains SEMIA 4077, SEMIA 4080, and SEMIA 4088 as references. The characteristics of the isolates and colonies, their tolerance to salinity and temperature, as well as their utilization of carbon sources, served as the basis for the morpho-physiological characterization. BOX-PCR, REP-PCR, and ERIC-PCR markers were used for genotypic characterization. Assessment of the symbiotic efficiency was carried out in a greenhouse, determining the number of nodules (NN), nodule dry weight (NDW), shoot dry weight (SDW), and total-N (Total-N) accumulation in the shoot. Among the isolates, those exhibiting: neutral culture medium pH, fast growth, colony diameter <2 mm, opaque transparency, homogeneous appearance, and cream color were predominant. Compared to temperature, salinity was the most restrictive factor to the growth of the isolates. Most of the isolates grew on sucrose (88.43%) and mannitol (87.28%). Genotypic analysis revealed that 90% of the isolates clustered in the same group as the reference strain SEMIA 4080. The TaMsG2R1 and BaDeG4R2 isolates showed higher Total-N in the shoot than the reference strains and should be evaluated in future studies under field conditions.","PeriodicalId":8951,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48855328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-14DOI: 10.14393/bj-v39n0a2023-53589
P. Ribeiro, L. P. Pires, M. Cury, C. Melo
Haemosporidian parasites can cause pathogenic infections, leading to death or a reduction in the physical and reproductive abilities of the host. Several studies have identified haemosporidian infections in neotropical bird communities, but few have been conducted in populations, relating the infection to the biological attributes of the species. To determine haemosporidian prevalence in a population of Antilophia galeata and to assess factors that may be associated with parasitaemia, we analysed blood smears of 62 individuals from a Cerrado forest fragment. For each individual, the body mass, length of tarsus, sex, presence/absence of brood patch and feather moult were recorded. In total, 33 (53.2%) individuals were infected with haemosporidian parasites, 32 (51.6%) were infected with Plasmodium spp. and one (1.61%) was infected with Haemoproteus sp. Parasitaemia was not related to seasons, sex, reproduction, moulting or body condition but correlated positively with total leucocyte count, suggesting that individuals may be effective in infection control. This population may be tolerant to haemosporidian parasites because, despite the high prevalence, parasitaemia was low and constant; this is a potentially chronic infection that showed no adverse effects on the parameters analysed in this population.
{"title":"Haemosporidian parasites in Antilophia galeata (Aves: Pipridae) in a Cerrado forest fragment","authors":"P. Ribeiro, L. P. Pires, M. Cury, C. Melo","doi":"10.14393/bj-v39n0a2023-53589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14393/bj-v39n0a2023-53589","url":null,"abstract":"Haemosporidian parasites can cause pathogenic infections, leading to death or a reduction in the physical and reproductive abilities of the host. Several studies have identified haemosporidian infections in neotropical bird communities, but few have been conducted in populations, relating the infection to the biological attributes of the species. To determine haemosporidian prevalence in a population of Antilophia galeata and to assess factors that may be associated with parasitaemia, we analysed blood smears of 62 individuals from a Cerrado forest fragment. For each individual, the body mass, length of tarsus, sex, presence/absence of brood patch and feather moult were recorded. In total, 33 (53.2%) individuals were infected with haemosporidian parasites, 32 (51.6%) were infected with Plasmodium spp. and one (1.61%) was infected with Haemoproteus sp. Parasitaemia was not related to seasons, sex, reproduction, moulting or body condition but correlated positively with total leucocyte count, suggesting that individuals may be effective in infection control. This population may be tolerant to haemosporidian parasites because, despite the high prevalence, parasitaemia was low and constant; this is a potentially chronic infection that showed no adverse effects on the parameters analysed in this population.","PeriodicalId":8951,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47267172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-14DOI: 10.14393/bj-v39n0a2023-66895
M. Kazak, Safiye Selin Koymen, N. Donmez
This in vitro study evaluated and compared the effects of different polymerization times on the surface microhardness, water sorption, and water solubility of flowable composite resins. Three flowable composite resins [Es Flow (ESF), IGOS Flow (IGF), Estelite Flow Quick (EFQ)] were tested in this study. Each flowable composite resin (n = 7) was polymerized in a disc-shaped mould (1x10 mm) with an LED light-curing unit (D Light Pro) for two different times (20 and 40 sec.). The top surfaces of all specimens were polished (Sof-Lex). The surface microhardnesses of the flowable composite resins were measured with a Vickers HMV microhardness tester. Water sorption and water solubility were calculated according to the ISO 4049 standard. One-way ANOVA and post hoc Tamhane, Dunnett, and Tukey tests were used in the statistical analyses. Pearson’s and Spearman’s rho correlation tests were used to assess possible correlations between the different variables. The results were evaluated with a significance of p<0.05. In terms of microhardness, a significant difference was found between materials at the same polymerization times (p<0.05). All materials showed water sorption of less than 40 µg/mm3 and water solubility of less than 7.5 µg/mm3 by following ISO 4049. The correlations among surface microhardness, water sorption, and water solubility showed that the differences were determined by the materials and the polymerization times. The physical properties of all flowable composite resin materials were enhanced after polymerization for twice the time recommended by the manufacturers.
{"title":"Can different polymerization times affect the surface microhardness, water sorption, and water solubility of flowable composite resins?","authors":"M. Kazak, Safiye Selin Koymen, N. Donmez","doi":"10.14393/bj-v39n0a2023-66895","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14393/bj-v39n0a2023-66895","url":null,"abstract":"This in vitro study evaluated and compared the effects of different polymerization times on the surface microhardness, water sorption, and water solubility of flowable composite resins. Three flowable composite resins [Es Flow (ESF), IGOS Flow (IGF), Estelite Flow Quick (EFQ)] were tested in this study. Each flowable composite resin (n = 7) was polymerized in a disc-shaped mould (1x10 mm) with an LED light-curing unit (D Light Pro) for two different times (20 and 40 sec.). The top surfaces of all specimens were polished (Sof-Lex). The surface microhardnesses of the flowable composite resins were measured with a Vickers HMV microhardness tester. Water sorption and water solubility were calculated according to the ISO 4049 standard. One-way ANOVA and post hoc Tamhane, Dunnett, and Tukey tests were used in the statistical analyses. Pearson’s and Spearman’s rho correlation tests were used to assess possible correlations between the different variables. The results were evaluated with a significance of p<0.05. In terms of microhardness, a significant difference was found between materials at the same polymerization times (p<0.05). All materials showed water sorption of less than 40 µg/mm3 and water solubility of less than 7.5 µg/mm3 by following ISO 4049. The correlations among surface microhardness, water sorption, and water solubility showed that the differences were determined by the materials and the polymerization times. The physical properties of all flowable composite resin materials were enhanced after polymerization for twice the time recommended by the manufacturers.","PeriodicalId":8951,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47379380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-06DOI: 10.14393/bj-v39n0a2023-65038
A. Qureshi, T. Akhtar, Luqman Khan, M. Numan
In the present study Nigella sativa (seeds) and Fumaria parviflora (aerial), were used to treat buffaloes naturally infected with fasciolosis and their efficacy (%) was compared. In vivo, pre-and post-treatment (50 mg, 100 mg, and 150 mg/ kg body weight of the two medicinal plants) fecal egg counts were determined following standard fecal egg count reduction in buffaloes (Babulus sp.) of Nili Ravi breed naturally parasitized with Fasciola sp. The infected buffaloes were randomly divided into 3 main groups’ i.e. A, B, and C. Animals in groups A and B were further subdivided into three subgroups i.e. A1, A2, A3; B1, B2, B3. Sub-groups A1 and B1 were given dose levels of 50mg/kg body weight, A2, and B2, 100mg while A3 and B3, 150mg/kg body weight of Nigella sativa (seeds) and Fumaria parviflora (aerial), respectively. Group C with infected animals served as a control. 2 medicinal plants has been found significantly (P<0.05) efficient (42-100%) and safe to use against fasciolosis.
{"title":"Anti-fasciolic effect of raw seeds of Nigella sativa, Fumaria parviflora (aerial), in naturally infected Buffaloes","authors":"A. Qureshi, T. Akhtar, Luqman Khan, M. Numan","doi":"10.14393/bj-v39n0a2023-65038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14393/bj-v39n0a2023-65038","url":null,"abstract":"In the present study Nigella sativa (seeds) and Fumaria parviflora (aerial), were used to treat buffaloes naturally infected with fasciolosis and their efficacy (%) was compared. In vivo, pre-and post-treatment (50 mg, 100 mg, and 150 mg/ kg body weight of the two medicinal plants) fecal egg counts were determined following standard fecal egg count reduction in buffaloes (Babulus sp.) of Nili Ravi breed naturally parasitized with Fasciola sp. The infected buffaloes were randomly divided into 3 main groups’ i.e. A, B, and C. Animals in groups A and B were further subdivided into three subgroups i.e. A1, A2, A3; B1, B2, B3. Sub-groups A1 and B1 were given dose levels of 50mg/kg body weight, A2, and B2, 100mg while A3 and B3, 150mg/kg body weight of Nigella sativa (seeds) and Fumaria parviflora (aerial), respectively. Group C with infected animals served as a control. 2 medicinal plants has been found significantly (P<0.05) efficient (42-100%) and safe to use against fasciolosis.","PeriodicalId":8951,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43306258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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