Pub Date : 2014-05-27DOI: 10.1080/15228932.2014.918476
W. O’Donohue, L. Benuto, Olga Cirlugea
We originally proposed a model for analyzing child sexual abuse allegations. Since we originally proposed our model, Dale and Gould and Kirkpatrick offered several critiques, and Kirkpatrick offered several recommendations for strengthening it. In this commentary, we respond to these critiques and recommendations.
{"title":"Analyzing Child Sexual Abuse Allegations: Further Considerations","authors":"W. O’Donohue, L. Benuto, Olga Cirlugea","doi":"10.1080/15228932.2014.918476","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15228932.2014.918476","url":null,"abstract":"We originally proposed a model for analyzing child sexual abuse allegations. Since we originally proposed our model, Dale and Gould and Kirkpatrick offered several critiques, and Kirkpatrick offered several recommendations for strengthening it. In this commentary, we respond to these critiques and recommendations.","PeriodicalId":89973,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic psychology practice","volume":"14 1","pages":"237 - 246"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15228932.2014.918476","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59840368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-05-27DOI: 10.1080/15228932.2014.923710
J. Tomei, R. Cramer
Character witnesses aim to provide the court with information regarding the defendant’s personality and to persuade the jury the alleged crime is out of character. While it is assumed information about character is helpful when other evidence is weak, it can backfire during impeachment when negative information is introduced. Stereotypes regarding race are the only framework provided for understanding qualities of credibility specifically for character witnesses. Comparisons can be made between alibi, lay, and expert witness credibility models, yet it is unclear whether the models are also applicable. Trial strategy and witness preparation guidance is offered for cases involving character witnesses.
{"title":"Perceived Credibility of Character Witnesses: Implications for Trial Consultation","authors":"J. Tomei, R. Cramer","doi":"10.1080/15228932.2014.923710","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15228932.2014.923710","url":null,"abstract":"Character witnesses aim to provide the court with information regarding the defendant’s personality and to persuade the jury the alleged crime is out of character. While it is assumed information about character is helpful when other evidence is weak, it can backfire during impeachment when negative information is introduced. Stereotypes regarding race are the only framework provided for understanding qualities of credibility specifically for character witnesses. Comparisons can be made between alibi, lay, and expert witness credibility models, yet it is unclear whether the models are also applicable. Trial strategy and witness preparation guidance is offered for cases involving character witnesses.","PeriodicalId":89973,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic psychology practice","volume":"14 1","pages":"263 - 275"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15228932.2014.923710","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59840512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-05-27DOI: 10.1080/15228932.2014.923711
R. Eme
Neuroscientific findings have established that brain injury due to trauma (TBI) and brain immaturity of adolescents result in a diminished self-control and therefore are considered mitigations of criminal culpability in forensic settings. This article presents neuroscientific evidence which documents that attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) also results in diminished capacity for self-control because of impaired brain functioning. Therefore, it proposes that impaired brain functioning in ADHD should be considered a mitigation by the same logic that impaired brain functioning in TBI and the immature brain functioning in adolescents are considered mitigations. Recommendations for implementing this proposal in forensic practice are presented.
{"title":"Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Mitigation of Criminal Responsibility?","authors":"R. Eme","doi":"10.1080/15228932.2014.923711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15228932.2014.923711","url":null,"abstract":"Neuroscientific findings have established that brain injury due to trauma (TBI) and brain immaturity of adolescents result in a diminished self-control and therefore are considered mitigations of criminal culpability in forensic settings. This article presents neuroscientific evidence which documents that attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) also results in diminished capacity for self-control because of impaired brain functioning. Therefore, it proposes that impaired brain functioning in ADHD should be considered a mitigation by the same logic that impaired brain functioning in TBI and the immature brain functioning in adolescents are considered mitigations. Recommendations for implementing this proposal in forensic practice are presented.","PeriodicalId":89973,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic psychology practice","volume":"14 1","pages":"221 - 236"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15228932.2014.923711","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59840525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-05-27DOI: 10.1080/15228932.2014.918477
T. Sinclair, Dawn Beckman, Meghan Cobb, Shannah Young, S. Baichoo, Lori Keough
This study sought to investigate differences in body mass index (BMI) across adolescent groups taking different classes of psychotropic medications in juvenile correctional settings. Results indicate significant (p < 0.05) differences in BMI for committed adolescents (mean BMI Z score = 0.95) versus detained (mean BMI Z score = 0.75) youth. Juveniles taking antipsychotic medications are at increased risk for elevated BMI (Cohen’s d = 0.72). There is no relationship to psychotropic medication classes and BMI, suggesting type versus total number of medications explains this relationship. Clinical implications are discussed, with specific emphasis on populations who may be at increased risk for obesity.
本研究旨在调查青少年群体在青少年矫正环境中服用不同种类的精神药物的身体质量指数(BMI)的差异。结果显示，犯罪青少年(平均BMI Z评分= 0.95)与拘留青少年(平均BMI Z评分= 0.75)的BMI差异显著(p < 0.05)。青少年服用抗精神病药物会增加BMI升高的风险(Cohen’s d = 0.72)。精神药物种类和身体质量指数之间没有关系，这表明药物种类与药物总数之间的关系可以解释这种关系。讨论了临床意义，特别强调了肥胖风险增加的人群。
{"title":"Obesity Rates and Psychotropic Medication Use: Differences between a Juvenile Detained and Committed Populations in an Urban Setting","authors":"T. Sinclair, Dawn Beckman, Meghan Cobb, Shannah Young, S. Baichoo, Lori Keough","doi":"10.1080/15228932.2014.918477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15228932.2014.918477","url":null,"abstract":"This study sought to investigate differences in body mass index (BMI) across adolescent groups taking different classes of psychotropic medications in juvenile correctional settings. Results indicate significant (p < 0.05) differences in BMI for committed adolescents (mean BMI Z score = 0.95) versus detained (mean BMI Z score = 0.75) youth. Juveniles taking antipsychotic medications are at increased risk for elevated BMI (Cohen’s d = 0.72). There is no relationship to psychotropic medication classes and BMI, suggesting type versus total number of medications explains this relationship. Clinical implications are discussed, with specific emphasis on populations who may be at increased risk for obesity.","PeriodicalId":89973,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic psychology practice","volume":"14 1","pages":"213 - 220"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15228932.2014.918477","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59840417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-03-15DOI: 10.1080/15228932.2014.890482
J. Harper, F. Schmidt, L. J. Cuttress, D. Mazmanian
Although professionals conducting parenting capacity assessments (PCAs) frequently rely on test validity scales to measure parental efforts at social desirability, very limited data is available on their performance. The current study found strong concurrent validity between the Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI) and Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-III (MCMI-III) validity scales. Results were also consistent with previous studies that suggest parents engage in some level of impression management. However, the PAI appeared to identify far fewer parents as engaging in positive impression management when compared to the MCMI-III or what has been published in previous studies on the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2). Future directions and recommendations regarding the use of validity scales in PCAs are provided.
虽然专业人士进行父母能力评估(PCAs)经常依赖于测试效度量表来衡量父母在社会期望方面的努力，但关于他们的表现的数据非常有限。本研究发现人格评估量表(PAI)与百万临床多轴量表- iii (MCMI-III)效度量表具有较强的并发效度。研究结果也与之前的研究一致，即父母参与了某种程度的印象管理。然而，与MCMI-III或之前在明尼苏达多相人格量表-2 (MMPI-2)中发表的研究相比，PAI似乎识别出从事积极印象管理的父母要少得多。并提出了未来在pca中使用效度量表的方向和建议。
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Pub Date : 2014-03-15DOI: 10.1080/15228932.2014.897538
R. Cramer, S. Brodsky
In the present paper, we describe an example trial consulting course at the graduate level of training in psychology. Drawing on existing competency training, teaching of psychology, and trial consulting literatures, we propose: a) a base course model suitable for adaptation to other graduate programs, b) course learner objectives with associated example teaching techniques, c) guiding themes to frame seminar discussions, and d) a thematic course schedule. Sample student-driven publications and inter-disciplinary student contact show promise for the utility of such a graduate course. Limitations and future directions for education in psychological trial consulting are also discussed.
{"title":"Bringing Psychology to the Courtroom and Vice Versa: Conceptualization and Design of a Course in Trial Consulting","authors":"R. Cramer, S. Brodsky","doi":"10.1080/15228932.2014.897538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15228932.2014.897538","url":null,"abstract":"In the present paper, we describe an example trial consulting course at the graduate level of training in psychology. Drawing on existing competency training, teaching of psychology, and trial consulting literatures, we propose: a) a base course model suitable for adaptation to other graduate programs, b) course learner objectives with associated example teaching techniques, c) guiding themes to frame seminar discussions, and d) a thematic course schedule. Sample student-driven publications and inter-disciplinary student contact show promise for the utility of such a graduate course. Limitations and future directions for education in psychological trial consulting are also discussed.","PeriodicalId":89973,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic psychology practice","volume":"14 1","pages":"145 - 157"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15228932.2014.897538","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59840140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-03-15DOI: 10.1080/15228932.2014.897541
Abpp H. D. Kirkpatrick
This article comments on the strengths and weaknesses of the O’Donohue et al. (2013) model, which proposes 10 dimensions from which to analyze child sexual abuse allegations. Suggested improvements to 5 of the 10 dimensions are offered. Additional bedrock literature references in the field of assessing child sexual abuse are also offered.
本文对O 'Donohue et al.(2013)模型的优缺点进行了评论，该模型提出了10个维度来分析儿童性虐待指控。对10个维度中的5个提出了改进建议。还提供了评估儿童性虐待领域的其他基础文献参考。
{"title":"A Commentary on O’Donohue et al.’s “Analyzing Child Sexual Abuse Allegations”","authors":"Abpp H. D. Kirkpatrick","doi":"10.1080/15228932.2014.897541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15228932.2014.897541","url":null,"abstract":"This article comments on the strengths and weaknesses of the O’Donohue et al. (2013) model, which proposes 10 dimensions from which to analyze child sexual abuse allegations. Suggested improvements to 5 of the 10 dimensions are offered. Additional bedrock literature references in the field of assessing child sexual abuse are also offered.","PeriodicalId":89973,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic psychology practice","volume":"14 1","pages":"183 - 191"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15228932.2014.897541","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59840322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-03-15DOI: 10.1080/15228932.2014.897539
Sheree N. Gallagher
Increasingly, 20- and 30-something year-old individuals are referred by attorneys for therapy related to legal charges due to a substance abuse issue. Enabling parents make it difficult for their adult children to make meaningful change in therapy, despite their beneficent motives. Treatment should include individual therapy with the adult child, focusing upon the legal issues, relapse prevention, and personal responsibility. A specific program to implement with the enabling parents is discussed. Finally, the forensic psychologist needs to impart to the referring attorney the need for change, which may include the attorney-family interaction. Ethical considerations are addressed.
{"title":"Treatment Strategies for Forensic Psychologists Working with Clients Dealing with Substance Abuse, Legal Charges, and Enabling Parents","authors":"Sheree N. Gallagher","doi":"10.1080/15228932.2014.897539","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15228932.2014.897539","url":null,"abstract":"Increasingly, 20- and 30-something year-old individuals are referred by attorneys for therapy related to legal charges due to a substance abuse issue. Enabling parents make it difficult for their adult children to make meaningful change in therapy, despite their beneficent motives. Treatment should include individual therapy with the adult child, focusing upon the legal issues, relapse prevention, and personal responsibility. A specific program to implement with the enabling parents is discussed. Finally, the forensic psychologist needs to impart to the referring attorney the need for change, which may include the attorney-family interaction. Ethical considerations are addressed.","PeriodicalId":89973,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic psychology practice","volume":"14 1","pages":"158 - 168"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15228932.2014.897539","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59840204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-03-15DOI: 10.1080/15228932.2014.897536
E. Schuringa, M. Spreen, S. Bogaerts
In this study, the Instrument for Forensic Treatment Evaluation (IFTE) is introduced. The IFTE includes 14 dynamic items of the risk assessment scheme HKT-R and eight items specifically related to the treatment of forensic psychiatric patients. The items are divided over three factors: protective behavior, problematic behavior and resocialization skills. Inter-rater reliability and test-retest reliability ranged from moderate to almost perfect in a Dutch population of 232 forensic patients. Factor analysis largely confirmed the factor structure. The IFTE is evaluated to be a reliable routine outcome monitoring instrument for supporting and indicating inpatient forensic psychiatric treatment evaluations and processes.
{"title":"Inter-Rater and Test-Retest Reliability, Internal Consistency, and Factorial Structure of the Instrument for Forensic Treatment Evaluation","authors":"E. Schuringa, M. Spreen, S. Bogaerts","doi":"10.1080/15228932.2014.897536","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15228932.2014.897536","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the Instrument for Forensic Treatment Evaluation (IFTE) is introduced. The IFTE includes 14 dynamic items of the risk assessment scheme HKT-R and eight items specifically related to the treatment of forensic psychiatric patients. The items are divided over three factors: protective behavior, problematic behavior and resocialization skills. Inter-rater reliability and test-retest reliability ranged from moderate to almost perfect in a Dutch population of 232 forensic patients. Factor analysis largely confirmed the factor structure. The IFTE is evaluated to be a reliable routine outcome monitoring instrument for supporting and indicating inpatient forensic psychiatric treatment evaluations and processes.","PeriodicalId":89973,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic psychology practice","volume":"14 1","pages":"127 - 144"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15228932.2014.897536","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59839878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-03-15DOI: 10.1080/15228932.2014.897540
Milfred D. Dale, J. Gould
We accepted an invitation from O’Donohue et al. to provide feedback on their criteria-based content analysis (CBCA) model for assessing child sexual abuse allegations and identified three concerns. First, the claim that “most allegations are likely true” risks departing from the neutral and objective hypothesis testing stances required for forensic evaluations. Second, the article fails to review the extensive literature concerning previous (and mostly unsuccessful) efforts to empirically validate similar CBCA approaches. Third, we posit that any model or systematic analysis must occur within comprehensive forensic evaluations that integrate contemporary advances in interviewing techniques, data collection from multiple sources, and consideration of multiple hypotheses.
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