Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.35248/0974-8369.19.11.461
C. Theaux, L. Scolaro, M. J. Carlucci
In this manuscript we describe a biological system that deals with herpes simplex virus in the context of an in vitro infection in the presence of carrageenan, from a novel point of view by comparing our system to the Ligeti's symphonic poem of 100 metronomes. Metronomes (from ancient Greek μIτρον-metron, "measure" and νIμω-nemo, "I manage", "I lead"), as a measuring instrument of “tempo” links us with the viral replication cycle to define, through sound, a metaphorical construction of life (as vibration and movement, impermanence and constant change). The changes detected in viral populations, in time and space, in a similar way to the artistically experienced in Ligeti's symphonic poem enable us a trans disciplinary view, creating networks of cooperation that favor the renewal of the conceptual bases of biology enriching our perception and understanding of the biology and evolution of viruses.
{"title":"Viral musicality in harmony with nature","authors":"C. Theaux, L. Scolaro, M. J. Carlucci","doi":"10.35248/0974-8369.19.11.461","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/0974-8369.19.11.461","url":null,"abstract":"In this manuscript we describe a biological system that deals with herpes simplex virus in the context of an in vitro infection in the presence of carrageenan, from a novel point of view by comparing our system to the Ligeti's symphonic poem of 100 metronomes. Metronomes (from ancient Greek μIτρον-metron, \"measure\" and νIμω-nemo, \"I manage\", \"I lead\"), as a measuring instrument of “tempo” links us with the viral replication cycle to define, through sound, a metaphorical construction of life (as vibration and movement, impermanence and constant change). The changes detected in viral populations, in time and space, in a similar way to the artistically experienced in Ligeti's symphonic poem enable us a trans disciplinary view, creating networks of cooperation that favor the renewal of the conceptual bases of biology enriching our perception and understanding of the biology and evolution of viruses.","PeriodicalId":90454,"journal":{"name":"Biology and medicine (Aligarh)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69961933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.35248/0974-8369.19.11.457
Md. Hasif Sinha, Tahrin Mehtab, U. Asha, M. Sikder, Khadija Akter, Md. Ruhul Mahbub, Mantasha Tabassum, M. Choudhuri
Chandraprabha Batika (CPB) is an Ayurvedic preparation that is used in the rural population for different purposes as traditional medicine. In this study, the effect of CPB on thyroid hormone profile was evaluated after chronic administration of this drug to male Sprague-Dawley rats. The acute pharmacological test of CPB recorded no death or any signs of toxicity even at the highest dose of 4,000 mg/kg body weight. For chronic pharmacological evaluation, the animals were divided into two groups. The first group was given CPB preparation at a dose of 40 mg/kg body weight for 28 days while the second group that served as the control received water for the same period. After 28 days of chronic administration of the CPB preparation, the following effects on the thyroid hormone panel were noted: a statistically insignificant decrease in the serum circulating total thyroxine (tT4) and total triiodothyronine (tT3) levels of the male rats; a decrease in the serum circulating free thyroxine (fT4) level of the male rats, the increase though not significant yet it was prominent; a statistically insignificant increase in the serum circulating free triiodothyronine (fT3) level of the male rats; an increase in the serum circulating thyroid-stimulating hormone level of the male rats, the increase though not significant yet it was prominent.
{"title":"Effect of Chandraprabha Batika on Thyroid Hormone Profile in Male Sprague-Dawley Rats","authors":"Md. Hasif Sinha, Tahrin Mehtab, U. Asha, M. Sikder, Khadija Akter, Md. Ruhul Mahbub, Mantasha Tabassum, M. Choudhuri","doi":"10.35248/0974-8369.19.11.457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/0974-8369.19.11.457","url":null,"abstract":"Chandraprabha Batika (CPB) is an Ayurvedic preparation that is used in the rural population for different purposes as traditional medicine. In this study, the effect of CPB on thyroid hormone profile was evaluated after chronic administration of this drug to male Sprague-Dawley rats. The acute pharmacological test of CPB recorded no death or any signs of toxicity even at the highest dose of 4,000 mg/kg body weight. For chronic pharmacological evaluation, the animals were divided into two groups. The first group was given CPB preparation at a dose of 40 mg/kg body weight for 28 days while the second group that served as the control received water for the same period. After 28 days of chronic administration of the CPB preparation, the following effects on the thyroid hormone panel were noted: a statistically insignificant decrease in the serum circulating total thyroxine (tT4) and total triiodothyronine (tT3) levels of the male rats; a decrease in the serum circulating free thyroxine (fT4) level of the male rats, the increase though not significant yet it was prominent; a statistically insignificant increase in the serum circulating free triiodothyronine (fT3) level of the male rats; an increase in the serum circulating thyroid-stimulating hormone level of the male rats, the increase though not significant yet it was prominent.","PeriodicalId":90454,"journal":{"name":"Biology and medicine (Aligarh)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69962163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.35248/0974-8369.19.11.458
R. Pr
An estimated 200 million individuals worldwide have a thyroid disorder. Thyroid diseases affect seven times more women than men. People not diagnosed make up the majority of thyroid patients. There is a need to find novel and safe ways to change the underlying disease processes, rather than merely stop excess thyroid hormone production as in hypothyroidism. Metadichol® is a nano emulsion of an extract of long-chain alcohols from food that is an inverse agonist of VDR (Vitamin D receptor), AHR (Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor), and RORC (RAR Related Orphan Receptor C). The work presented here shows that Metadichol® is an inverse agonist of THRA (Thyroid Receptor Alpha) and THRB (Thyroid Receptor Beta). Case studies are presented that show how it can safely treat a multitue of thyroid related diseases. Network and pathway enrichment studies are presented that show how Metadichol® may be involved in action on multiple receptors and exerting its effects through multiple pathways. Metadichol® is the first of a breed of molecules that moves the goal post from the concept of ‘one drug, one target’ toward simultaneously targeting multiple targets, that can potentially lead to successful treatment of many diseases. Given the safety profile of Metadichol®, it would not only mitigate thyroid disease but prevent it and reducing the burden on healthcare budgets worldwide.
{"title":"Metadichol® A Novel Inverse Agonist of Thyroid Receptor and its Applications in Thyroid Diseases","authors":"R. Pr","doi":"10.35248/0974-8369.19.11.458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/0974-8369.19.11.458","url":null,"abstract":"An estimated 200 million individuals worldwide have a thyroid disorder. Thyroid diseases affect seven times more women than men. People not diagnosed make up the majority of thyroid patients. There is a need to find novel and safe ways to change the underlying disease processes, rather than merely stop excess thyroid hormone production as in hypothyroidism. Metadichol® is a nano emulsion of an extract of long-chain alcohols from food that is an inverse agonist of VDR (Vitamin D receptor), AHR (Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor), and RORC (RAR Related Orphan Receptor C). The work presented here shows that Metadichol® is an inverse agonist of THRA (Thyroid Receptor Alpha) and THRB (Thyroid Receptor Beta). Case studies are presented that show how it can safely treat a multitue of thyroid related diseases. Network and pathway enrichment studies are presented that show how Metadichol® may be involved in action on multiple receptors and exerting its effects through multiple pathways. Metadichol® is the first of a breed of molecules that moves the goal post from the concept of ‘one drug, one target’ toward simultaneously targeting multiple targets, that can potentially lead to successful treatment of many diseases. Given the safety profile of Metadichol®, it would not only mitigate thyroid disease but prevent it and reducing the burden on healthcare budgets worldwide.","PeriodicalId":90454,"journal":{"name":"Biology and medicine (Aligarh)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69962212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.35248/0974-8369.19.11.453
S. Shrivastava, P. Shrivastava
Gender-based violence has been regarded as one of the major social public health concerns affecting women from all walks of life across the world. Moreover, the incidence of the problem increases enormously in regions which are facing humanitarian emergencies. In order to respond to the problem of violence against women living in a displacement camp in Myanmar, the United Nations Population Fund started a new initiative to develop a network of male volunteers to prevent violence and adequately respond to assist the victims. To conclude, the problem of gender based violence cannot be eliminated unless men are actively involved in the drive. The current strategy of developing a network of men and involving them to counter this menace is quite an effective approach and the program managers from different parts of the world should aim to take a leaf out of it and replicate the same in their settings for a better and a favorable outcome.
{"title":"Involving Men Volunteers to Effectively Respond to the Problem of Gender-Based Violence in Myanmar: United Nations Population Fund","authors":"S. Shrivastava, P. Shrivastava","doi":"10.35248/0974-8369.19.11.453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/0974-8369.19.11.453","url":null,"abstract":"Gender-based violence has been regarded as one of the major social public health concerns affecting women from all walks of life across the world. Moreover, the incidence of the problem increases enormously in regions which are facing humanitarian emergencies. In order to respond to the problem of violence against women living in a displacement camp in Myanmar, the United Nations Population Fund started a new initiative to develop a network of male volunteers to prevent violence and adequately respond to assist the victims. To conclude, the problem of gender based violence cannot be eliminated unless men are actively involved in the drive. The current strategy of developing a network of men and involving them to counter this menace is quite an effective approach and the program managers from different parts of the world should aim to take a leaf out of it and replicate the same in their settings for a better and a favorable outcome.","PeriodicalId":90454,"journal":{"name":"Biology and medicine (Aligarh)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69961909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.35248/0974-8369.19.11.E130
S. Shrivastava, P. Shrivastava
Cervical cancer has been acknowledged as one of the major public health concerns, especially in the low-and middle-income nations [1]. The available global recent estimates suggest that cervical cancer alone accounts for the deaths of 0.3 million women, of which in excess of 85% have been reported in low resource settings of the world [2]. In other words, it has been estimated that every 2 minutes, one woman dies of cervical cancer across the globe and it is a matter of great concern as we already have direct interventions to prevent and treat the condition [2]. This clearly suggests the need of the intensification of the prevention and control activities and the need to strengthen measures in the high-risk groups [1-3].
{"title":"Exploring the Role of Health Sector in the Prevention and Control of Cervical Cancer","authors":"S. Shrivastava, P. Shrivastava","doi":"10.35248/0974-8369.19.11.E130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/0974-8369.19.11.E130","url":null,"abstract":"Cervical cancer has been acknowledged as one of the major public health concerns, especially in the low-and middle-income nations [1]. The available global recent estimates suggest that cervical cancer alone accounts for the deaths of 0.3 million women, of which in excess of 85% have been reported in low resource settings of the world [2]. In other words, it has been estimated that every 2 minutes, one woman dies of cervical cancer across the globe and it is a matter of great concern as we already have direct interventions to prevent and treat the condition [2]. This clearly suggests the need of the intensification of the prevention and control activities and the need to strengthen measures in the high-risk groups [1-3].","PeriodicalId":90454,"journal":{"name":"Biology and medicine (Aligarh)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69961994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.35248/0974-8369.19.11.459
H. Mirghani, Thomas Antony Thaniyath, F. Elfakki
The drug category of Sodium-Glucose co-transporters 2 inhibitors (SGLT 2 inhibitors) is a newer class of pharmaceutical agents for the management of type-2 diabetes mellitus, with a proved promising cardio-protective effects. In addition to above beneficial effects, Sodium-Glucose co-transporters 2 inhibitors showed their effectiveness to reduce abdominal fat content, amount of fat in liver tissues and progression of inflammation and fibrosis in experimental as well as clinical studies. Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Diseases (NAFLD) are common among patients with type 2 diabetes patients and includes fatty liver, Non-Alcoholic Steato-Hepatitis (NASH) and cirrhosis and when present together these disorders exacerbates each other deleterious consequences. This review article is carried out with an objectives to find out the effects of Sodium-Glucose co-transporters 2 inhibitors on non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases, steato-hepatitis, fibrosis liver and hepatocellular carcinoma. The authors identified 21 relevant articles including twelve experimental and nine clinical studies with inclusion of 15152 patients, in study period ranges from 20-104 weeks. The analysis of these studies showed beneficial effects SGLT 2 inhibitors on fatty liver, liver function and NASH development, hepatic fibrosis and prevention and regression of hepatocellular carcinoma and concluded that SGLT-2 inhibitors may protect or reduce the incidence of non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases, steato-hepatitis and hepatic fibrosis in type 2 diabetes patients.
{"title":"The Effects of Sodium-Glucose Co-Transporter-2 Inhibitors (SGLT-2-i) on Fatty Liver, Steato-Hepatitis, Liver Fibrosis, and Hepatocellular Carcinoma-A Review","authors":"H. Mirghani, Thomas Antony Thaniyath, F. Elfakki","doi":"10.35248/0974-8369.19.11.459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/0974-8369.19.11.459","url":null,"abstract":"The drug category of Sodium-Glucose co-transporters 2 inhibitors (SGLT 2 inhibitors) is a newer class of pharmaceutical agents for the management of type-2 diabetes mellitus, with a proved promising cardio-protective effects. In addition to above beneficial effects, Sodium-Glucose co-transporters 2 inhibitors showed their effectiveness to reduce abdominal fat content, amount of fat in liver tissues and progression of inflammation and fibrosis in experimental as well as clinical studies. Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Diseases (NAFLD) are common among patients with type 2 diabetes patients and includes fatty liver, Non-Alcoholic Steato-Hepatitis (NASH) and cirrhosis and when present together these disorders exacerbates each other deleterious consequences. This review article is carried out with an objectives to find out the effects of Sodium-Glucose co-transporters 2 inhibitors on non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases, steato-hepatitis, fibrosis liver and hepatocellular carcinoma. The authors identified 21 relevant articles including twelve experimental and nine clinical studies with inclusion of 15152 patients, in study period ranges from 20-104 weeks. The analysis of these studies showed beneficial effects SGLT 2 inhibitors on fatty liver, liver function and NASH development, hepatic fibrosis and prevention and regression of hepatocellular carcinoma and concluded that SGLT-2 inhibitors may protect or reduce the incidence of non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases, steato-hepatitis and hepatic fibrosis in type 2 diabetes patients.","PeriodicalId":90454,"journal":{"name":"Biology and medicine (Aligarh)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69962258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.4172/0974-8369.1000018
Archana Singh, P. Saxena, H. Sharma
Beta-Cyfluthrin is one of the most widely used type-II pyrethroid in agriculture. Toxic effects of beta-cyfluthrin are due to the presence of cyano moiety in its chemical structure. This study was designed the effect of betacyfluthrin at different doses on brain tissue, the most important vital organ in animal body and in which dose level beta-cyfluthrin shows its effects. Animal were initially divided into control and beta-cyfluthrin given groups. There were five animals in the control group and twenty five animals in beta-cyfluthrin administered group. The latter was divided into five equal subgroups: 35.48, and 5.06, 2.53, 1.68, 1.27mg/kg body weight of beta-cyfluthrin administered groups, acute (1 day) and sub-acute (7, 14, 21 and 28 days) by gavage respectively. Control group was given only water. The effect of these treatments were studied on activities of four potential biomarkers were assayed in the brain of albino rat along with neurosomatic index viz. Body weight, brain weight and brain weight body weight ratio and neurobehavioural changes. Beta-cyfluthrin treatment resulted in a significant decrease in brain acetyl-cholinesterase. Acetylcholinesterase which found to be decreased (inhibition range 53 to 18%) in albino rats after acute and sub-acute treatment (vide-supra). Further glutathione-s-transferase (GST) was also found to be decreased in brain of albino rats (inhibition range 47 to29%) after beta-cyfluthrin administration. Again brain adenosine triphosphtase (total ATPase) activity was seen to decrease in albino rats (inhibition range 36 to19%) along with succinic dehydrogenase (SDH) was also seen decreased in brain of albino rats (inhibition range 31 to 9%)) after acute and sub-acute beta-cyfluthrin intoxication. Further hypnoatremia (inhibition range 31 to 20%) along with hypokalemia (inhibition range 19 to 14%) has also been observed after acute and sub-acute intoxication of beta-cyfluthrin. Apart from AChE, which is a specific marker of pyrethroid neurotoxicity, the levels of brain GST, ATPase, SDH along with Na and K may serve as important determinants of beta-cyfluthrin induced neuronal dysfunctioning along with neurobehavioural alterations; outcomes of fluctuated brain biochemistry because clinical signs of toxicity were observed in animals which received different doses of beta-cyfluthrin after 7 th , and 14 th days of sub-acute treatment. Animals showed overt cholinergic signs which included salivation, excitability, ataxia, muscle twisting, followed by general tremors and lethargyness. The treated groups did not reveal any mortality. Exposure of animals to beta-cyfluthrin caused extensive changes in neurosomatic, neurochemical and neurobehavioural parameters. So, oral administration of beta-cyfluthrin leads to negative response on animal health.
{"title":"Stress induced by beta-cyfluthrin, a type-2 pyrethroid, on brain biochemistry of Albino rat (Rattus norvegicus)","authors":"Archana Singh, P. Saxena, H. Sharma","doi":"10.4172/0974-8369.1000018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/0974-8369.1000018","url":null,"abstract":"Beta-Cyfluthrin is one of the most widely used type-II pyrethroid in agriculture. Toxic effects of beta-cyfluthrin are due to the presence of cyano moiety in its chemical structure. This study was designed the effect of betacyfluthrin at different doses on brain tissue, the most important vital organ in animal body and in which dose level beta-cyfluthrin shows its effects. Animal were initially divided into control and beta-cyfluthrin given groups. There were five animals in the control group and twenty five animals in beta-cyfluthrin administered group. The latter was divided into five equal subgroups: 35.48, and 5.06, 2.53, 1.68, 1.27mg/kg body weight of beta-cyfluthrin administered groups, acute (1 day) and sub-acute (7, 14, 21 and 28 days) by gavage respectively. Control group was given only water. The effect of these treatments were studied on activities of four potential biomarkers were assayed in the brain of albino rat along with neurosomatic index viz. Body weight, brain weight and brain weight body weight ratio and neurobehavioural changes. Beta-cyfluthrin treatment resulted in a significant decrease in brain acetyl-cholinesterase. Acetylcholinesterase which found to be decreased (inhibition range 53 to 18%) in albino rats after acute and sub-acute treatment (vide-supra). Further glutathione-s-transferase (GST) was also found to be decreased in brain of albino rats (inhibition range 47 to29%) after beta-cyfluthrin administration. Again brain adenosine triphosphtase (total ATPase) activity was seen to decrease in albino rats (inhibition range 36 to19%) along with succinic dehydrogenase (SDH) was also seen decreased in brain of albino rats (inhibition range 31 to 9%)) after acute and sub-acute beta-cyfluthrin intoxication. Further hypnoatremia (inhibition range 31 to 20%) along with hypokalemia (inhibition range 19 to 14%) has also been observed after acute and sub-acute intoxication of beta-cyfluthrin. Apart from AChE, which is a specific marker of pyrethroid neurotoxicity, the levels of brain GST, ATPase, SDH along with Na and K may serve as important determinants of beta-cyfluthrin induced neuronal dysfunctioning along with neurobehavioural alterations; outcomes of fluctuated brain biochemistry because clinical signs of toxicity were observed in animals which received different doses of beta-cyfluthrin after 7 th , and 14 th days of sub-acute treatment. Animals showed overt cholinergic signs which included salivation, excitability, ataxia, muscle twisting, followed by general tremors and lethargyness. The treated groups did not reveal any mortality. Exposure of animals to beta-cyfluthrin caused extensive changes in neurosomatic, neurochemical and neurobehavioural parameters. So, oral administration of beta-cyfluthrin leads to negative response on animal health.","PeriodicalId":90454,"journal":{"name":"Biology and medicine (Aligarh)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70916347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.35248/0974-8369.19.11.454
Amaru Ayza, T. Tilahun, D. Bedada
Background: Twin pregnancy is a high-risl pregnancy with increased risk of obstetric complications. Objective: This study is to identify magnitude and obstetric Complications of twin deliveries at Nekemte Referral Hospital. Method: Hospital-based unmatched Case-control study design was carried-out on 104 sets of twin deliveries as cases and 208 singleton deliveries as controls conducted in obstetrics ward of Nekemte Referral Hospital from March 1, 2016 to February 29, 2017. The data were collected through pretested structured questionnaires and analyzed using SPSS version 20.0. The association between twin delivery and different variables were assessed by using odds ratio (OR) along with 95%CI. Results: The magnitude of twin deliveries was 28.6 in 1000 deliveries. The odds ratio of twin deliveries were significantly higher for the occurrence of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, gestational diabetes mellitus, preterm delivery, pre-mature rupture of membrane, antepartum hemorrhage, cesarean delivery, anemia, postpartum hemorrhage, sepsis, and cord prolapse when compared to singleton deliveries. Conclusion: The magnitude of twin delivery in this study was high and numerous maternal complications were identified when compared to singleton deliveries. Thus, twin deliveries need greater attention during pregnancy, delivery and after delivery.
{"title":"Magnitude and Obstetric Complications of Twin Deliveries at Nekemte Referral Hospital, Western Ethiopia: Facility-based Case Control Study","authors":"Amaru Ayza, T. Tilahun, D. Bedada","doi":"10.35248/0974-8369.19.11.454","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/0974-8369.19.11.454","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Twin pregnancy is a high-risl pregnancy with increased risk of obstetric complications. Objective: This study is to identify magnitude and obstetric Complications of twin deliveries at Nekemte Referral Hospital. Method: Hospital-based unmatched Case-control study design was carried-out on 104 sets of twin deliveries as cases and 208 singleton deliveries as controls conducted in obstetrics ward of Nekemte Referral Hospital from March 1, 2016 to February 29, 2017. The data were collected through pretested structured questionnaires and analyzed using SPSS version 20.0. The association between twin delivery and different variables were assessed by using odds ratio (OR) along with 95%CI. Results: The magnitude of twin deliveries was 28.6 in 1000 deliveries. The odds ratio of twin deliveries were significantly higher for the occurrence of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, gestational diabetes mellitus, preterm delivery, pre-mature rupture of membrane, antepartum hemorrhage, cesarean delivery, anemia, postpartum hemorrhage, sepsis, and cord prolapse when compared to singleton deliveries. Conclusion: The magnitude of twin delivery in this study was high and numerous maternal complications were identified when compared to singleton deliveries. Thus, twin deliveries need greater attention during pregnancy, delivery and after delivery.","PeriodicalId":90454,"journal":{"name":"Biology and medicine (Aligarh)","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69961924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.35248/0974-8369.19.11.460
Udoh Sj, O. Olaniran, A. Ba, R. Hassan-olajokun, Olaniran Oo, O. Oyetokeo, Awoyeni Ea
This project work focuses on the investigation of pattern of intestinal parasites present in refuse dumps and abattoir wastes in Ile-Ife. Samples were collected from 5 abattoirs in Ile-Ife and 5 refuse sites. The collection of samples covered a period of 4 months from March to June 2009. The samples were processed using concentration methods (Simple sedimentation and saturated salt floatation techniques). 64 ova and cyst of intestinal parasite were recovered from abattoir waste and 31 from refuse dumps. Trohozoites of protozoa and larvae of some helminths recovered are 95. In refuse dump samples; Entamoeba histolytica 18 (28.1%) Entamoeba coli 12 (18.8%), Balantidium coli 2 (3.1%), Taenia spp. 2 (3.1%), Hymenolepis nana 3 (4.2%), Hookworm 2 (3.1%) are recovered while in abattoir wastes Ascaris lumbricoides 17 (54.8%), Hookworm 9 (29.0%), Balantidium coli 5 (16.1%) and trophozoite of Balantidium coli 15 (15.8%), Trichomonas hominis 56 (58.9%), larvae of Strongyloides stercoralis 13 (13.7%) and Hookworm 11 (11.6%) were recovered from abattoir effluents. The public is encouraged to take good sanitary and hygienic habits; wastes from our houses should be properly disposed either by burning or burying deep in the soil. Protective material like shoe and hand gloves is suggested for workers that will be having contact with night soil and any waste water, effluents and slurries that will be used as manure or to irrigate farm products should be treated before use and any infected individual should be well treated and prevented from infecting others.
{"title":"Investigation on the Pattern of Intestinal Parasites Present in Refuse Dumps and Abattoir Wastes in Ile-Ife, Nigeria","authors":"Udoh Sj, O. Olaniran, A. Ba, R. Hassan-olajokun, Olaniran Oo, O. Oyetokeo, Awoyeni Ea","doi":"10.35248/0974-8369.19.11.460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/0974-8369.19.11.460","url":null,"abstract":"This project work focuses on the investigation of pattern of intestinal parasites present in refuse dumps and abattoir wastes in Ile-Ife. Samples were collected from 5 abattoirs in Ile-Ife and 5 refuse sites. The collection of samples covered a period of 4 months from March to June 2009. The samples were processed using concentration methods (Simple sedimentation and saturated salt floatation techniques). 64 ova and cyst of intestinal parasite were recovered from abattoir waste and 31 from refuse dumps. Trohozoites of protozoa and larvae of some helminths recovered are 95. In refuse dump samples; Entamoeba histolytica 18 (28.1%) Entamoeba coli 12 (18.8%), Balantidium coli 2 (3.1%), Taenia spp. 2 (3.1%), Hymenolepis nana 3 (4.2%), Hookworm 2 (3.1%) are recovered while in abattoir wastes Ascaris lumbricoides 17 (54.8%), Hookworm 9 (29.0%), Balantidium coli 5 (16.1%) and trophozoite of Balantidium coli 15 (15.8%), Trichomonas hominis 56 (58.9%), larvae of Strongyloides stercoralis 13 (13.7%) and Hookworm 11 (11.6%) were recovered from abattoir effluents. The public is encouraged to take good sanitary and hygienic habits; wastes from our houses should be properly disposed either by burning or burying deep in the soil. Protective material like shoe and hand gloves is suggested for workers that will be having contact with night soil and any waste water, effluents and slurries that will be used as manure or to irrigate farm products should be treated before use and any infected individual should be well treated and prevented from infecting others.","PeriodicalId":90454,"journal":{"name":"Biology and medicine (Aligarh)","volume":"11 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69961821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-10DOI: 10.4172/0974-8369-C1-006
pHueiChing Hsu, ChinChuan Tsaip
{"title":"The concept of evidence-based medicine during the development of traditional Chinese medicine","authors":"pHueiChing Hsu, ChinChuan Tsaip","doi":"10.4172/0974-8369-C1-006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/0974-8369-C1-006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":90454,"journal":{"name":"Biology and medicine (Aligarh)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70933177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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