Pub Date : 2018-12-10DOI: 10.4172/0974-8369-C1-004
pMichael HarNoyp
{"title":"New generation of therapeutic cancer vaccines affordable to the masses","authors":"pMichael HarNoyp","doi":"10.4172/0974-8369-C1-004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/0974-8369-C1-004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":90454,"journal":{"name":"Biology and medicine (Aligarh)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70933286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-10DOI: 10.4172/0974-8369-c1-005
Judith Coulson-Geissmann
Acacia nilotica, Ocimum sanctum, and Alpinia nigra are used traditionally in different ailments in rural settings of Bangladesh. These medicinal plants were studied for their total phenolic and total flavonoid contents as a partial approach to rationalizing the use of them. Antioxidant activity was also determined to measure ferric reducing power assay and 1,1 ’ -diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) scavenging activity. A. nilotica showed the highest total phenolic content while O. sanctum showed highest flavonoid contents among the studied three plants. Similarly, IC50 values of the extracts of A. nilotica, O. sanctum and A. nigra against DPPH were 39.62, 48.81, 70.85 μg/ml, respectively. The reducing power of the extract was found to beconcentration dependent and O. sanctum showed the highest reducing power followed by A. nilotica. The reducing power of these two plants was fairly close to the positive control of ascorbic acid. Further studies are suggested such as in-vivo testing and elucidation of the mechanism of action of inherited bioactive compounds to support its folkloric use in the treatment of diseases.
{"title":"Self-care for healthcare professionals: Connection between individual well-being and the ability to care for others","authors":"Judith Coulson-Geissmann","doi":"10.4172/0974-8369-c1-005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/0974-8369-c1-005","url":null,"abstract":"Acacia nilotica, Ocimum sanctum, and Alpinia nigra are used traditionally in different ailments in rural settings of Bangladesh. These medicinal plants were studied for their total phenolic and total flavonoid contents as a partial approach to rationalizing the use of them. Antioxidant activity was also determined to measure ferric reducing power assay and 1,1 ’ -diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) scavenging activity. A. nilotica showed the highest total phenolic content while O. sanctum showed highest flavonoid contents among the studied three plants. Similarly, IC50 values of the extracts of A. nilotica, O. sanctum and A. nigra against DPPH were 39.62, 48.81, 70.85 μg/ml, respectively. The reducing power of the extract was found to beconcentration dependent and O. sanctum showed the highest reducing power followed by A. nilotica. The reducing power of these two plants was fairly close to the positive control of ascorbic acid. Further studies are suggested such as in-vivo testing and elucidation of the mechanism of action of inherited bioactive compounds to support its folkloric use in the treatment of diseases.","PeriodicalId":90454,"journal":{"name":"Biology and medicine (Aligarh)","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43022368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-05-01DOI: 10.4172/0974-8369.1000440
V. Okpashi, B. Obi, I. Okagu, Prince Odilichukwu Okoroafor
{"title":"Epidemiological Assessment of Testosterone Levels in Women Population: A Factorial Analysis of Cell Proliferation","authors":"V. Okpashi, B. Obi, I. Okagu, Prince Odilichukwu Okoroafor","doi":"10.4172/0974-8369.1000440","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/0974-8369.1000440","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":90454,"journal":{"name":"Biology and medicine (Aligarh)","volume":"10 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46180941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-04-18DOI: 10.4172/0974-8369.1000437
Khairil Pahmi, Ricky M Ramadhian, Ngatidjan
Excessive salt consumption is one of the hypertension factor leads to kidney disease, while telmisartan is one of antihypertensive drugs used in the therapy. Telmisartan not only blocks angiotensin receptor leads to the decrease of blood pressure, but it also activates peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ), inhibits transforming growth expression factor of beta-1 (TGFβ-1) and increases bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP-7). Whether telmisartan increases BMP-7 expression of excessive NaCl–induced Wistar rats are studied in this experiment. Twenty five male Wistars 2.5-3 months of age and 100-150 g BW rats were used in this research. They were grouped into 5, each consists of 5 rats. Group I (G I) as first negative control did not receive NaCl and telmisartan. G II as second negative control received NaCl but not telmisartan. G III, IV and V received NaCl and telmisartan 3, 6 and 12 mg/kg BW. The treatments were given every day within 8 weeks. At the day of 56 all rats were sacrificed by mean of neck dislocation and operated to take the kidney. The expression of BMP-7 was measured by immunohistochemistry technic. Data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation. They were analyzed by parametric (ANOVA) or nonparametric (Kruskal-Wallis) test. A value of p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. The results showed that intraglomerular and extraglomerular BMP-7 protein expression were higher in telmisartan-treated Wistar rats group than negative control group (p<0.05). In conclusion, intraglomerular and extraglomerular BMP-7 protein expression were higher in 8% sodium chloride-induced and telmisartan-treated male Wistar rats than the items of negative control group.
{"title":"The Effect of Telmisartan on Bone Morphogenetic Protein-7 (BMP-7) Expression in the Kidney of 8% Sodium Chloride-Treated Rats","authors":"Khairil Pahmi, Ricky M Ramadhian, Ngatidjan","doi":"10.4172/0974-8369.1000437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/0974-8369.1000437","url":null,"abstract":"Excessive salt consumption is one of the hypertension factor leads to kidney disease, while telmisartan is one of antihypertensive drugs used in the therapy. Telmisartan not only blocks angiotensin receptor leads to the decrease of blood pressure, but it also activates peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ), inhibits transforming growth expression factor of beta-1 (TGFβ-1) and increases bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP-7). Whether telmisartan increases BMP-7 expression of excessive NaCl–induced Wistar rats are studied in this experiment. Twenty five male Wistars 2.5-3 months of age and 100-150 g BW rats were used in this research. They were grouped into 5, each consists of 5 rats. Group I (G I) as first negative control did not receive NaCl and telmisartan. G II as second negative control received NaCl but not telmisartan. G III, IV and V received NaCl and telmisartan 3, 6 and 12 mg/kg BW. The treatments were given every day within 8 weeks. At the day of 56 all rats were sacrificed by mean of neck dislocation and operated to take the kidney. The expression of BMP-7 was measured by immunohistochemistry technic. Data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation. They were analyzed by parametric (ANOVA) or nonparametric (Kruskal-Wallis) test. A value of p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. The results showed that intraglomerular and extraglomerular BMP-7 protein expression were higher in telmisartan-treated Wistar rats group than negative control group (p<0.05). In conclusion, intraglomerular and extraglomerular BMP-7 protein expression were higher in 8% sodium chloride-induced and telmisartan-treated male Wistar rats than the items of negative control group.","PeriodicalId":90454,"journal":{"name":"Biology and medicine (Aligarh)","volume":"10 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44909930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-03-07DOI: 10.4172/0974-8369.1000432
Tao Wang, Zhihong Feng, Bing Wei, Lin Zhang, N. Xia, Xiuhong Nie
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease with multifactorial disorder of the airways, and was associated with T helper type 2 (TH2) cells. It is considered the results of complicated interactions between innate cells and structural cells, including dendritic cells (DCs), epithelial cells, mast cells (MCs), basophils, eosinophils and group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s), which finally sustains Th2 immunity in the pathogenesis of asthma. In this narrative review the details of roles of important innate cells against asthma are discussed to facilitate the future study of asthma.
{"title":"Brief Introduction of Important Innate Cells in Roles of Asthma","authors":"Tao Wang, Zhihong Feng, Bing Wei, Lin Zhang, N. Xia, Xiuhong Nie","doi":"10.4172/0974-8369.1000432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/0974-8369.1000432","url":null,"abstract":"Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease with multifactorial disorder of the airways, and was associated with T helper type 2 (TH2) cells. It is considered the results of complicated interactions between innate cells and structural cells, including dendritic cells (DCs), epithelial cells, mast cells (MCs), basophils, eosinophils and group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s), which finally sustains Th2 immunity in the pathogenesis of asthma. In this narrative review the details of roles of important innate cells against asthma are discussed to facilitate the future study of asthma.","PeriodicalId":90454,"journal":{"name":"Biology and medicine (Aligarh)","volume":"2018 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45545936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.35841/BIOLOGY-MEDICINE.2.2.1-4
Schurov Va, Schurov
The aim of the study is to analyze the reasons for the significant increase in terms of fixation of bone fragments when transferring patients to outpatient treatment. In 512 patients with closed fractures of the bones of the lower leg during Ilizarov's treatment under stationary conditions, the period of fixation of fragments was 59 ± 0.4 days, which is 42% less than in outpatient treatment (64 people). In both groups, the microscopic mobility of bone fragments was determined tensometrically in patients with limb functional loading. With the help of the SF-36 test, the quality of life was examined, and the state of autoregulation of the centers of the brain was assessed in terms of the range of changes in the rate of blood flow along the middle cerebral arteries in cases of muscle grasping. Discovered that the combination of medical and functional rehabilitation during the transition to outpatient mode with 3-weeks of treatment in patients of mature age reduced quality of life and increases the duration of the period of fixation of the bone, impairs auto-regulation of cerebral blood flow in functional muscle test.
{"title":"The importance of quality protein food in the treatment of fractures of tibia.","authors":"Schurov Va, Schurov","doi":"10.35841/BIOLOGY-MEDICINE.2.2.1-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35841/BIOLOGY-MEDICINE.2.2.1-4","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study is to analyze the reasons for the significant increase in terms of fixation of bone fragments when transferring patients to outpatient treatment. In 512 patients with closed fractures of the bones of the lower leg during Ilizarov's treatment under stationary conditions, the period of fixation of fragments was 59 ± 0.4 days, which is 42% less than in outpatient treatment (64 people). In both groups, the microscopic mobility of bone fragments was determined tensometrically in patients with limb functional loading. With the help of the SF-36 test, the quality of life was examined, and the state of autoregulation of the centers of the brain was assessed in terms of the range of changes in the rate of blood flow along the middle cerebral arteries in cases of muscle grasping. Discovered that the combination of medical and functional rehabilitation during the transition to outpatient mode with 3-weeks of treatment in patients of mature age reduced quality of life and increases the duration of the period of fixation of the bone, impairs auto-regulation of cerebral blood flow in functional muscle test.","PeriodicalId":90454,"journal":{"name":"Biology and medicine (Aligarh)","volume":"2 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70033209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/0974-8369.1000429
Assila Hadj Ali, M. Mahdi, T. Ajina, A. Saâd, H. B. Ali
Background: Male infertility appears to be a major clinical problem among men of reproductive age in all societies. Idiopathic male infertility is considered to be a multifactorial disorder affected by genetic, environmental, and hormonal factors. Oxidative stress seems to stand out as one of the underlying mechanisms. In this context, we aimed to evaluate seminal plasma antioxidants SOD (superoxide dismutase), GPx (glutathione peroxidase), CAT (catalase) and zinc levels, hormone levels, and semen parameters in fertile donors and patients with unbalanced chromosomal abnormalities.Methods: Semen samples from 119 patients with unbalanced chromosomal abnormalities and 30 fertile men were analyzed according to World Health Organization guidelines (2010). All patients underwent a measurement of testosterone (T), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). Seminal plasma antioxidants activities of SOD, GPx, CAT and zinc concentration were measured using colorimetric methods.Results and conclusion: Hormonal analysis showed statistically significant increase of FSH and LH levels in all patients (p<0.001). However, a significant decrease of serum testosterone level was observed in patients compared to fertile group (p<0.05). Seminal antioxidant system evaluation revealed a significant decrease of CAT, GPx, SOD and zinc activities in infertile group compared to fertile group (p<0.05). Our study showed that patients with unbalanced chromosomal abnormalities had significant alterations of antioxidant system and a significant perturbation of hormonal levels which interfere with fertility. These alterations may be due to a loss or derangement of chromosomal segments containing genes involved in the regulation of these systems.
{"title":"Evaluation of Seminal Plasma Antioxidants and Serum Male Hormones Status in Infertile Patients with Unbalanced Chromosomal Abnormalities","authors":"Assila Hadj Ali, M. Mahdi, T. Ajina, A. Saâd, H. B. Ali","doi":"10.4172/0974-8369.1000429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/0974-8369.1000429","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Male infertility appears to be a major clinical problem among men of reproductive age in all societies. Idiopathic male infertility is considered to be a multifactorial disorder affected by genetic, environmental, and hormonal factors. Oxidative stress seems to stand out as one of the underlying mechanisms. In this context, we aimed to evaluate seminal plasma antioxidants SOD (superoxide dismutase), GPx (glutathione peroxidase), CAT (catalase) and zinc levels, hormone levels, and semen parameters in fertile donors and patients with unbalanced chromosomal abnormalities.Methods: Semen samples from 119 patients with unbalanced chromosomal abnormalities and 30 fertile men were analyzed according to World Health Organization guidelines (2010). All patients underwent a measurement of testosterone (T), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). Seminal plasma antioxidants activities of SOD, GPx, CAT and zinc concentration were measured using colorimetric methods.Results and conclusion: Hormonal analysis showed statistically significant increase of FSH and LH levels in all patients (p<0.001). However, a significant decrease of serum testosterone level was observed in patients compared to fertile group (p<0.05). Seminal antioxidant system evaluation revealed a significant decrease of CAT, GPx, SOD and zinc activities in infertile group compared to fertile group (p<0.05). Our study showed that patients with unbalanced chromosomal abnormalities had significant alterations of antioxidant system and a significant perturbation of hormonal levels which interfere with fertility. These alterations may be due to a loss or derangement of chromosomal segments containing genes involved in the regulation of these systems.","PeriodicalId":90454,"journal":{"name":"Biology and medicine (Aligarh)","volume":"10 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/0974-8369.1000429","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70929116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/0974-8369.1000439
M. Sikder, Tasniya Nahiyan Zulflquar, Imtiaj Hossain Chowdhury, Khadija Akter, U. Asha, E. Haque, Proshant Chakraborty, M. Choudhuri
Siddha Makardhwaja (SMD) is a classical Ayurvedic formulation markedly used as a traditional medicine in the rural population for various purposes, such as a stimulant, tonic, and rejuvenator. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of conventionally prepared SMD on different lipid-profi le parameters in experimental animals, for providing scientifi c database for its logical use in clinical practice. Acute toxicity tests were conducted to determine the LD50 of the drug. To fi nd out the effect of chronic administration of SMD on serum lipid profi le, it was administered chronically to the male Sprague-Dawley rats at a dose of 40 mg/kg for 28 days. During the lipid profi le study, we found out the following: There is a statistically signifi cant (p = 5 0.042) decrease in the triglyceride content of the serum of the male rat [21.71% decrease]. There is a [21.65%] increase in the LDL level of the serum of the male rat; the increase, though not signifi - cant, was prominent (p = 5 0.122). There is a statistically signifi cant (p = 5 0.042) decrease in the VLDL level of the serum of the male rat [21.71% decrease]. There is a statistically signifi cant (p 5 0.016) decrease in the HDL level of the serum of the male rat [20.36% decrease]. There is a statistically signifi cant (p = 5 0.041) increase in the Cardiac Risk Ratio [(CRR) 5 Total cholesterol/HDL ratio] of the male rat [23.45% increase]. There is a statistically signifi cant (p 5 0.026) increase in the Castelli’s Risk Index II [(CRI II 5 LDL/HDL ratio] of the male rat [51.50% increase]. There is a statistically signifi cant (p = 5 0.041) increase in the Atherogenic Coeffi cient (AC) of the male rat [40.39% increase].
{"title":"Preclinical Lipid Profile Studies of a Classical Ayurvedic Preparation, Siddha Makardhwaja (SMD), after Chronic Administration to Male Sprague-Dawley Rats","authors":"M. Sikder, Tasniya Nahiyan Zulflquar, Imtiaj Hossain Chowdhury, Khadija Akter, U. Asha, E. Haque, Proshant Chakraborty, M. Choudhuri","doi":"10.4172/0974-8369.1000439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/0974-8369.1000439","url":null,"abstract":"Siddha Makardhwaja (SMD) is a classical Ayurvedic formulation markedly used as a traditional medicine in the rural population for various purposes, such as a stimulant, tonic, and rejuvenator. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of conventionally prepared SMD on different lipid-profi le parameters in experimental animals, for providing scientifi c database for its logical use in clinical practice. Acute toxicity tests were conducted to determine the LD50 of the drug. To fi nd out the effect of chronic administration of SMD on serum lipid profi le, it was administered chronically to the male Sprague-Dawley rats at a dose of 40 mg/kg for 28 days. During the lipid profi le study, we found out the following: There is a statistically signifi cant (p = 5 0.042) decrease in the triglyceride content of the serum of the male rat [21.71% decrease]. There is a [21.65%] increase in the LDL level of the serum of the male rat; the increase, though not signifi - cant, was prominent (p = 5 0.122). There is a statistically signifi cant (p = 5 0.042) decrease in the VLDL level of the serum of the male rat [21.71% decrease]. There is a statistically signifi cant (p 5 0.016) decrease in the HDL level of the serum of the male rat [20.36% decrease]. There is a statistically signifi cant (p = 5 0.041) increase in the Cardiac Risk Ratio [(CRR) 5 Total cholesterol/HDL ratio] of the male rat [23.45% increase]. There is a statistically signifi cant (p 5 0.026) increase in the Castelli’s Risk Index II [(CRI II 5 LDL/HDL ratio] of the male rat [51.50% increase]. There is a statistically signifi cant (p = 5 0.041) increase in the Atherogenic Coeffi cient (AC) of the male rat [40.39% increase].","PeriodicalId":90454,"journal":{"name":"Biology and medicine (Aligarh)","volume":"10 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70929471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/0974-8369.1000430
T. Bekabil
Background: Uterine rupture is an obstetrics complication which is still both clinical dilemma and broader public health problem in developing countries.Objectives: This study is aimed to establish the magnitude of uterine rupture, predisposing factors, maternal and fetal outcomes, and surgical options of management of uterine rupture at Nekemte referral hospital which is located in western Ethiopia.Methods: Case control study was conducted on 54 mothers with uterine rupture and 108 mothers for whom cesarean section was done for mechanical reasons or previous scar who were managed in the Obstetrics and Gynecologic ward of the hospital from July 2015 to July 2016. Data were collected from two groups by accessing medical records. Statistical Package for Social Sciences windows version 20 was used for data analysis. The association between uterine rupture and different variables were assessed by using odds ratio (OR) along with 95%CI.Results: A total of 3,808 deliveries were conducted during the study period. There were 3206 vaginal deliveries, 548 cesarean deliveries and 54 uterine rupture cases. This makes 1 uterine rupture to happen in 70.5 deliveries. Majority, 87%, of uterine rupture occurred in unscarred uterus. The predisposing factors for uterine rupture were parity ≥ 5 (OR=4.37, 95% CI: 1.05, 18.23), lack of antenatal care (OR=7, 95% CI: 1.81, 27.02), lack of formal education (OR=2.38, 95% CI: 1.08, 5.26), household income less than 100 United States’ Dollar OR=14.08, 95% CI: 3.25, 62.5), previous home delivery (OR=9.10, 95% CI: 3.92, 21.11), and intrapartal follow up at health center or private clinics (OR=24.14, 95% CI: 5.60, 104.15). Uterine rupture caries more maternal (1.85% vs. 0%) and neonatal mortalities (96.3% vs. 3.7%) when compared to mothers delivered by cesarean section.Conclusion: Magnitude of uterine rupture was high in the study area. It carries more maternal and perinatal complications. There were numerous modifiable predisposing factors.
背景:子宫破裂是一种产科并发症，在发展中国家仍然是临床难题和广泛的公共卫生问题。目的:本研究旨在确定位于埃塞俄比亚西部的Nekemte转诊医院子宫破裂的程度、易感因素、母体和胎儿结局以及子宫破裂的手术选择。方法:对2015年7月至2016年7月在该院妇产科病房就诊的54例子宫破裂产妇和108例因机械原因或既往疤痕行剖宫产的产妇进行病例对照研究。通过查阅医疗记录从两组中收集数据。使用Statistical Package for Social Sciences windows version 20进行数据分析。采用比值比(OR)和95%CI评价子宫破裂与不同因素的相关性。结果:研究期间共分娩3,808例。阴道分娩3206例，剖宫产548例，子宫破裂54例。这使得70.5次分娩中有1次发生子宫破裂。大多数(87%)子宫破裂发生在无瘢痕子宫。子宫破裂的易感因素为胎次≥5次(OR=4.37, 95% CI: 1.05, 18.23)、缺乏产前护理(OR=7, 95% CI: 1.81, 27.02)、缺乏正规教育(OR=2.38, 95% CI: 1.08, 5.26)、家庭收入低于100美元(OR= 14.08, 95% CI: 3.25, 62.5)、以前在家分娩(OR=9.10, 95% CI: 3.92, 21.11)、以及在保健中心或私人诊所进行产前随访(OR=24.14, 95% CI: 5.60, 104.15)。与剖宫产分娩的母亲相比，子宫破裂导致的产妇死亡率(1.85%比0%)和新生儿死亡率(96.3%比3.7%)更高。结论:研究区子宫破裂程度高。它携带更多的产妇和围产期并发症。有许多可改变的诱发因素。
{"title":"Uterine Rupture among Women who Gave Birth at Nekemte Referral Hospital: Case Control Study","authors":"T. Bekabil","doi":"10.4172/0974-8369.1000430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/0974-8369.1000430","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Uterine rupture is an obstetrics complication which is still both clinical dilemma and broader public health problem in developing countries.Objectives: This study is aimed to establish the magnitude of uterine rupture, predisposing factors, maternal and fetal outcomes, and surgical options of management of uterine rupture at Nekemte referral hospital which is located in western Ethiopia.Methods: Case control study was conducted on 54 mothers with uterine rupture and 108 mothers for whom cesarean section was done for mechanical reasons or previous scar who were managed in the Obstetrics and Gynecologic ward of the hospital from July 2015 to July 2016. Data were collected from two groups by accessing medical records. Statistical Package for Social Sciences windows version 20 was used for data analysis. The association between uterine rupture and different variables were assessed by using odds ratio (OR) along with 95%CI.Results: A total of 3,808 deliveries were conducted during the study period. There were 3206 vaginal deliveries, 548 cesarean deliveries and 54 uterine rupture cases. This makes 1 uterine rupture to happen in 70.5 deliveries. Majority, 87%, of uterine rupture occurred in unscarred uterus. The predisposing factors for uterine rupture were parity ≥ 5 (OR=4.37, 95% CI: 1.05, 18.23), lack of antenatal care (OR=7, 95% CI: 1.81, 27.02), lack of formal education (OR=2.38, 95% CI: 1.08, 5.26), household income less than 100 United States’ Dollar OR=14.08, 95% CI: 3.25, 62.5), previous home delivery (OR=9.10, 95% CI: 3.92, 21.11), and intrapartal follow up at health center or private clinics (OR=24.14, 95% CI: 5.60, 104.15). Uterine rupture caries more maternal (1.85% vs. 0%) and neonatal mortalities (96.3% vs. 3.7%) when compared to mothers delivered by cesarean section.Conclusion: Magnitude of uterine rupture was high in the study area. It carries more maternal and perinatal complications. There were numerous modifiable predisposing factors.","PeriodicalId":90454,"journal":{"name":"Biology and medicine (Aligarh)","volume":"10 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70929124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/0974-8369.1000431
Elyas Admasu, Behailu Tariku, Gashaw Andargie, Getahun Hibdye, W. Asegidew
Background: Substance usage among youths is becoming a great problem worldwide, particularly in college and university students. Khat is one of the most frequently used substances among these groups of population. Khat chewing has serious health, social and economic consequences. However, in our setting the magnitude, pattern and factors contributing to the use of Khat is not well addressed. Therefore, this study was conducted to assess the prevalence, pattern and associated factors of Khat chewing among Debre Berhan University students in Ethiopia.Methods: This cross-sectional study was design to quantify the mastication of khat and identify socio demographic, behavioral and social factors among undergraduate students. Data was collected through structured, self-administered and pre-tested questionnaire. Stratified random sampling was used to recruit 406 students. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were fitted via SPSS statistical software package to identify associated factors of khat chewing.Results: The life time and current prevalence of khat chewing were estimated to be 20.1% and 12.2%, respectively. Out of ever chewers, 68 (84%) were in the age group of 18-24 years and 62 (76.5%) were male. The most common reasons to chew khat were for examination preparation (41.9%) followed by socialization (38.3%). Significant association was observed between khat chewing and family members chewing khat (AOR = 6.26; 95% CI: 2.67, 14.72), friends chewing khat (AOR = 6.89; 95% CI: 3.71, 14.80) and use of alcohol (AOR = 2.50; 95% CI: 1.36, 4.60).Conclusion: The prevalence of khat chewing in this study was significantly higher when compared to some previous studies done in Addis Ababa University. The pattern of khat chewing among university students was not restricted by social regulation mechanisms, and even, it seems a social norm. Therefore, teachers in high schools, colleges and instructors in university should follow their students’ substance use behavior including khat and need to counsel those students who are at risk of substance use. Moreover, families ought to be a role model for their children by avoiding risk behaviors.
{"title":"Prevalence, Pattern and Associated Factors of Khat Chewing Among Debre Berhan University Students, Ethiopia, 2014","authors":"Elyas Admasu, Behailu Tariku, Gashaw Andargie, Getahun Hibdye, W. Asegidew","doi":"10.4172/0974-8369.1000431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/0974-8369.1000431","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Substance usage among youths is becoming a great problem worldwide, particularly in college and university students. Khat is one of the most frequently used substances among these groups of population. Khat chewing has serious health, social and economic consequences. However, in our setting the magnitude, pattern and factors contributing to the use of Khat is not well addressed. Therefore, this study was conducted to assess the prevalence, pattern and associated factors of Khat chewing among Debre Berhan University students in Ethiopia.Methods: This cross-sectional study was design to quantify the mastication of khat and identify socio demographic, behavioral and social factors among undergraduate students. Data was collected through structured, self-administered and pre-tested questionnaire. Stratified random sampling was used to recruit 406 students. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were fitted via SPSS statistical software package to identify associated factors of khat chewing.Results: The life time and current prevalence of khat chewing were estimated to be 20.1% and 12.2%, respectively. Out of ever chewers, 68 (84%) were in the age group of 18-24 years and 62 (76.5%) were male. The most common reasons to chew khat were for examination preparation (41.9%) followed by socialization (38.3%). Significant association was observed between khat chewing and family members chewing khat (AOR = 6.26; 95% CI: 2.67, 14.72), friends chewing khat (AOR = 6.89; 95% CI: 3.71, 14.80) and use of alcohol (AOR = 2.50; 95% CI: 1.36, 4.60).Conclusion: The prevalence of khat chewing in this study was significantly higher when compared to some previous studies done in Addis Ababa University. The pattern of khat chewing among university students was not restricted by social regulation mechanisms, and even, it seems a social norm. Therefore, teachers in high schools, colleges and instructors in university should follow their students’ substance use behavior including khat and need to counsel those students who are at risk of substance use. Moreover, families ought to be a role model for their children by avoiding risk behaviors.","PeriodicalId":90454,"journal":{"name":"Biology and medicine (Aligarh)","volume":"10 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/0974-8369.1000431","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70929646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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